Mishnah Peah 6

‫ָמְרי‬
ֵ ‫ ּכָל ע‬.‫ ַּכּׁשְמִ ּטָה‬,‫ִירים‬
ִ ‫ׁשּי ֻ ְפקַר ַאף ָל ֲעׁש‬
ֶ ‫ עַד‬,‫ אֵינֹו ֶה ְפקֵר‬,‫ ּובֵית ִהּלֵל אֹומ ְִרים‬.‫ ֶה ְבקֵר‬,‫ ֶה ְבקֵר ָל ֲענִּי ִים‬,‫ׁש ַּמאי אֹומ ְִרים‬
ַ ‫ּבֵית‬
‫ ׁשִ ְכחָה‬,‫אֹומְרים‬
ִ ‫ ּובֵית ִהּלֵל‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ אֵינֹו‬,‫ׁש ַּמאי אֹומ ְִרים‬
ַ ‫ ּבֵית‬,‫ׁשכָחֹו‬ ְ ‫ַאר ַּבעַת ַקּבִין ּו‬
ְ ‫ׁשל‬ֶ ‫ׁשל קַ ב קַב ְו ֶאחָד‬ ֶ ‫ ַהּׂשָדֶ ה‬: Bet
Shammai says: [That which is] made ownerless only in regard to the poor is indeed ownerless.
But Bet Hillel says: it is not ownerless unless ownership is renounced even for the rich, as in the
case of the sabbatical year. [If] all of the sheaves in a field are a kav each, and one is four kavs
and that one is forgotten: Bet Shammai says: it is not considered forgotten. But Bet Hillel says: it
is considered forgotten.

‫ ׁשִ ְכחָה‬,‫אֹומְרים‬
ִ ‫ ּובֵית ִהּלֵל‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ אֵינֹו‬,‫ׁש ַּמאי אֹומ ְִרים‬
ַ ‫ ּבֵית‬,‫ׁשכָחֹו‬
ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ ַל ָּבקָר ְו ַל ֵּכלִים‬,‫ׁשהּוא סָמּוְך ַל ָּגפָה ְו ַלּגָדִ יׁש‬
ֶ ‫ הָעֹמֶר‬: A
sheaf left near a stone fence, or near a stack [of grain] or near oxen, or near equipment: Bet
Shammai says: it is not considered “forgotten”; Bet Hillel says: it is considered “forgotten.”

‫ מֹודִ ים ׁשֶ אֵ ינֹו ׁשִ ְכחָה‬,‫ׁשכָחֹו‬

ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ׁש ֶה ֱחז ִיק ּבֹו לְהֹולִיכֹו אֶ ל ָהעִיר‬
ֶ ‫ הָעֹמֶר‬.ַ‫ׁש ְּכנֶגְּדֹו מֹוכִיח‬
ֶ ‫ הָעֹמֶר‬,‫ראׁשֵי ׁשּורֹות‬:
ָ [With regard
to sheaves forgotten] at the end of the row, the sheaf lying across from it proves [that the first
sheaf has not been forgotten.] [As for] a sheaf that [the owner] took to bring it to the city and
forgot it, all agree that it is not considered a “forgotten sheaf.”

‫ אֶת‬,‫ׁשכְחּו ִל ְפנֵיהֶם ּולְַאח ֲֵריהֶם‬ ָ ‫ ְו‬,‫ ז ֶה ָּפנָיו ַלּצָפֹון ְוז ֶה ָּפנָיו לַּדָ רֹום‬,‫ַּׁשּורה‬
ָ ‫ׁשהִתְ חִילּו ֵמ ֶא ְמצַע ה‬
ֶ ‫ׁשנַי ִם‬
ְ .‫וְאֵ ּלּו הֵן ָראׁשֵי ׁשּורֹות‬
,‫ׁש ְּל ָפנָיו אֵ ינֹו ׁשִ ְכחָה‬
ֶ ,‫ׁשכַח ְל ָפנָיו ּולְַאח ֲָריו‬
ָ ‫ ְו‬,‫ַּׁשּורה‬
ָ ‫ׁשהִתְ חִיל מֵר ֹאׁש ה‬ ֶ ‫ יָחִיד‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ׁשּלְַאח ֲֵריהֶם אֵינֹו‬
ֶ ‫ ְואֶת‬,‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ ִ ‫ׁשֶ ִּל ְפנֵיהֶם‬
‫ אֵ ינֹו‬,‫ׁשאֵינֹו ְּבבַל ּתָ ׁשּוב‬
ֶ ‫ ְו‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ִ ,‫ׁשהּוא ְּבבַל ּתָ ׁשּוב‬ ֶ ‫ ּכָל‬,‫ ז ֶה ַה ְּכלָל‬.)‫ׁשהּוא ְּבבַל ּתָ ׁשּוב (דברים כד‬ ֶ ‫ ִמ ְּפנֵי‬,‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫וְׁשֶ ּלְַאח ֲָריו‬
‫ׁשִ ְכחָה‬: These are to be considered ends of the rows:If two men begin [to gather] from the middle
of the row, one facing north and the other south and they forget [some sheaves] in front of them
and behind them, those left in front of them are “forgotten,” but those left behind them are not
“forgotten.” If an individual begins from the end of the row and he forgets [some sheaves] in
front of him and behind him, those in front of him are not “forgotten”, whereas those behind him
are “forgotten,” for this comes under the category of “you shall not go back [to retrieve it].” This
is the general rule: anything that can be said to fall under the law “you shall not go back” is
considered “forgotten,” but that to which the principle of “you shall not go back” cannot be
applied is not considered “forgotten.”

,‫ׁשנֵי הּו ְצנֵי פִׁשְּתָ ן‬

ְ .‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ׁשה אֵינָן‬ ָ ‫ׁשל‬
ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ,‫ִּבּורי ז ֵיתִ ים ְוחָרּובִין‬
ֵ ‫ׁשנֵי צ‬ ְ .‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ׁשה אֵינָן‬ ָ ‫ׁשל‬ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ,‫ׁשנֵי ֳעמ ִָרים‬
ְ
‫ אֵּלּו ּכְדִ ב ְֵרי בֵית‬.‫ׁשה אֵינָן ֶלקֶט‬ ָ ‫ׁשֹל‬
ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ ֶלקֶט‬,‫ׁש ֳּבלִים‬
ִ ‫ׁשנֵי‬ְ .‫ׁשה אֵינָן ּפ ֶֶרט‬ָ ‫ׁשל‬
ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ ּפ ֶֶרט‬,‫ׁשנֵי ג ְַרּג ְִרים‬
ְ .‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ִ ‫ׁשה אֵינָן‬ָ ‫ׁשל‬
ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ׁשִ ְכחָה‬
‫ ְל ַבעַל ַה ָּבי ִת‬,‫ְַאר ָּבעָה‬
ְ ‫ ו‬,‫ ָל ֲענִּי ִים‬,‫ׁשה‬ָ ‫ׁשל‬
ְ ,‫ׁש ַּמאי אֹומ ְִרים‬ַ ‫ ְועַל ֻּכּלָן ּבֵית‬.‫ ִהּלֵל‬: Two sheaves [left lying together] are
“forgotten,” but three are not “forgotten.” Two bundles of olives or carobs are “forgotten” but
three are not “forgotten.” Two flax-stalks are “forgotten”, but three are not “forgotten”. Two
grapes are considered “grape gleanings,” but three are not “grape gleanings.” Two ears of grain
are deemed “gleanings,” but three are not gleanings.” All these [rulings] are according to Bet
Hillel. And concerning them all Bet Shammai says that three [that are left] belong to the poor,
and four belong to the owner.

,‫אֹומְרים‬
ִ ‫ ַו ֲחכָמִ ים‬.‫ ְל ַבעַל ַה ָּבי ִת‬,‫ ַרּבָן ַּג ְמלִיאֵל אֹומֵר‬,‫ׁשנֵי ֳעמ ִָרים ּו ָבהֶם סָאתַ י ִם‬ ְ .‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ ִ ‫ אֵינֹו‬,‫ׁשכָחֹו‬ ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ׁשּי ֶׁש ּבֹו סָאתַ י ִם‬
ֶ ‫הָע ֹמֶר‬
‫ ּומָ ה אִ ם‬,‫ ָאמַר ָלהֶם‬.‫ יֻּפֵי כ ֹחֹו‬,‫ ָאמְרּו לֹו‬.‫הּורע ּכ ֹחֹו‬ ַ ‫ׁשל ַּבעַל ַה ַּבי ִת אֹו‬ ֶ ‫ ְוכִי מֵר ֹב ָה ֳעמ ִָרים יֻּפֵי כ ֹ ַח‬,‫ ָאמַר ַרּבָן ַּג ְמלִי ֵאל‬.‫ָל ֲענִּי ִים‬
,‫ ֹלא‬,‫ ָאמְרּו לֹו‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ ִ ‫ׁשֹּלא יְהֵא‬ ֶ ‫ אֵינֹו דִ ין‬,‫ׁשנֵי ֳעמ ִָרים ּו ָבהֶם סָאתַ י ִם‬
ְ ,‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ִ ‫ אֵינֹו‬,‫ׁשכָחֹו‬ ְ ‫ׁשהּוא עֹמֶר ֶאחָד ּובֹו סָאתַ י ִם ּו‬ ֶ ‫ִּבז ְמַ ן‬
‫ׁשנֵי ֳעמ ִָרים ׁשֶ הֵן ִּככ ְִריכֹות‬ ְ ‫ ּת ֹאמַר ִּב‬,‫ׁשהּוא ְכגָדִ יׁש‬ֶ ‫ אִם ָאמ ְַרּתָ ּבְעֹמֶר ֶאחָד‬: A sheaf that has two seahs and he
forgot it it is not considered “forgotten.” Two sheaves that together comprise two seahs: Rabban
Gamaliel says: they belong to the owner; But the sages say: they belong to the poor. Rabban
Gamaliel said: “Are the rights of the owner strengthened or weakened according to the greater
number of the sheaves?” They replied, “His rights are strengthened.” He said to them: “If in a
case of one sheaf of two seahs it is not deemed “forgotten,” then how much more should be the
case of two sheaves that together contain two seahs?” They replied: “No. If you argue in the case
of one sheaf it is because it is large enough to be considered a stack. Are you going to argue
likewise in the case of two sheaves which are like bundles?”

‫ רֹואִ ין‬,ַ‫ׁשל טֹו ֵפח‬ֶ ‫ ֲאפִּלּו הִיא‬,‫ ֲאבָל הִיא ְראּוי ָה ַלעֲׂשֹות סָאתַ י ִם‬,‫ אֵין ּבָּה סָאתַ י ִם‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ אֵינָּה‬,‫ׁש ָכחָּה‬
ְ ‫ ּו‬,‫ׁשּי ֶׁש ּבָּה סָאתַ י ִם‬
ֶ ‫קָמָ ה‬
‫ׂשְעֹורים‬
ִ ‫אֹותָ ּה ְּכ ִאּלּו הִיא ֲענָוָה ׁשֶ ל‬: A standing stalk of grain that contains two seahs and he forgot it, it
is not considered “forgotten.” If it does not contain two seahs now, but is fit to yield two seahs,
even if it was of an inferior kind of barley, it is regarded as full barley [grains].

‫ׁשהִיא מַ ֶּצלֶת אֶת‬ ֶ ‫ אֵיזֹו הִיא ָק ָמה‬.‫ הָעֹמֶר אֵינֹו ַמּצִיל ֹלא אֶת הָעֹמֶר וְֹלא אֶת ַה ָּק ָמה‬.‫ַה ָּק ָמה ַמ ֶּצלֶת אֶת הָעֹמֶר ְואֶת ַה ָּק ָמה‬
‫ׁש ְכחָה אֲ פִּלּו קֶ לַח אֶ חָד‬
ִ ‫ׁשאֵינָּה‬
ֶ ‫ ּכָל‬,‫הָעֹמֶר‬: A standing stalk of grain can save a sheaf and another standing
stalk [from being regarded as “forgotten”]. A sheaf cannot save either another sheaf or a standing
stalk. What is the standing stalk of grain that can save a sheaf? Anything which has not been
forgotten, even though it is a single stalk.

‫ ַרּבִי‬.‫ׁשל ֲענִּי ִים הֵם‬ ֶ ‫ אֶ ּלָא‬,‫ אֵינָן ִמ ְצט ְָרפִין ְלסָאתַ י ִם‬,‫ ְוהַּׁשּום ְו ַה ְּב ָצלִים‬,‫ ְוכֵן ָּבאִילָן‬,‫ֲקּורה‬
ָ ‫ׁשאֵינָּה ע‬
ֶ ‫ֲקּורה ּוסְָאה‬
ָ ‫סְָאה תְ בּוָאה ע‬
‫ ה ֲֵרי אֵּלּו מִ ְצט ְָרפִין‬,‫ ְואִם לָאו‬,‫ אֵינָן ִמ ְצט ְָרפִין‬,‫ אִם ּבָאת ְרׁשּות ֶה ָענִי ָּב ֶא ְמצָע‬,‫יֹוסֵי אֹומֵר‬: A seah of plucked grain
and a seah of unplucked grain, and also trees; and garlic and to onions do not combine to count
as two seahs, but rather they must be left to the poor. Rabbi Yose says: if anything that belongs
to the poor comes in between them, the two are not combined together; otherwise, they do
combine.

‫ ּכְגֹון‬,‫ָָארץ‬
ֶ ‫ ְוכָל ַהּטְמּונִים ּב‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ ִ ‫ אֵין ָלהֶן‬,‫ ַו ֲאגֻּדֹות הַּׁשּום ְו ַה ְּב ָצלִים‬,‫ ְוכֵן ַּב ֲאגֻּדֵ י הַּׁשּום‬,‫ׁשחַת אֹו ַל ֲא ֻל ָּמה‬
ַ ‫ׁשּנִּתְ נָה ְל‬
ֶ ‫ּתְ בּוָאה‬
‫ י ֵׁש ָלהֶם ׁשִ ְכחָה‬,‫ ַו ֲח ָכמִים אֹומ ְִרים‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ אֵין ָלהֶם‬,‫ ַרּבִי י ְהּודָ ה אֹומֵר‬,‫ הַּלּוף ְוהַּׁשּום ְו ַה ְּב ָצלִים‬: Grain used for fodder
or [stalks] used for binding sheaves, and also garlic-stalks used for tying other bunches, or tied
bunches of garlic and onions they [all are not subject to the laws of] forgotten. Anything stored
in the ground like arum, garlic and onions: Rabbi Judah says: they do not subject to the laws of
“forgotten”; But the sages say: they are subject to the laws of “forgotten.”

‫ ה ֲֵרי אֲ נִי‬,‫ אִם ָאמַר‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬ ִ ‫ אֵין לֹו‬,‫ ְואִם ָהי ָה מִתְ ַּכּוֵן לִּט ֹל אֶת ַהּגַס ַהּגַס‬.‫ׁש ְכחָה‬
ִ ‫ י ֵׁש ָלהֶם‬,‫הַּקֹוצֵר ַּב ַּליְלָה ְו ַה ְמ ַעּמֵר ְוהַּסּו ָמא‬
‫ י ֶׁש לֹו ׁשִ ְכחָה‬,‫ּׁש ֲאנִי ׁשֹוכֵח ֲאנִי אֶּט ֹל‬
ֶ ‫קֹוצֵר עַל ְמנָת מַה‬: One who harvests by night and binds sheaves [by
night] or one who is blind [that which he leaves] is subject to the law of the “forgotten.” If he
intends to remove large leaves first, then the law of “forgotten” does not apply. If he said:
“Behold, I am reaping on the condition that I take afterwards that which I have forgotten,” the
law of “forgotten” still applies.