Children and Young People

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Children and young people

Mental health problems affect around one in six children. They include depression, anxiety and

conduct disorder (a type of behavioural problem), and are often a direct response to what is

happening in their lives.

Alarmingly, however, 75% of children and young people who experience a mental health

problem aren’t getting the help they need. Children’s emotional wellbeing is just as important as

their physical health. Good mental health helps them develop the resilience to cope with

whatever life throws at them and grow into well-rounded, healthy adults. Things that can help

keep children and young people mentally well include:

 being in good physical health, eating a balanced diet and getting regular exercise

 having time and freedom to play, indoors and outdoors

 being part of a family that gets along well most of the time

 going to a school that looks after the wellbeing of all its pupils

 taking part in local activities.

Other factors are also important, including feeling loved, trusted, understood and safe.

Children who are optimistic, resilient, have some control over their lives and feel like they

belong are more likely to have good mental wellbeing.

Most children grow up mentally healthy, but surveys suggest that more children and young

people have problems with their mental health today than 30 years ago. What can affect

children and young people’s mental health? Traumatic events can trigger mental health

problems for children and young people who are already vulnerable.
Changes often act as triggers:

 moving home,

 changing school or the birth of a new sibling, for example. Some children who start

school feel excited about making new friends and doing new activities, but there may

also be some who feel anxious.

 Teenagers often experience emotional turmoil as their minds and bodies develop. An

important part of growing up is working out and accepting who you are. Some young

people find it hard to make this transition to adulthood and may experiment with

alcohol, drugs or other substances that can affect mental health.

Are some children and young people more likely to experience mental health problems? Certain

risk factors can make some children and young people more likely to experience mental health

problems than others. However, experiencing them doesn’t mean a child will definitely – or even

probably – go on to have mental health problems. These factors include:

 having a long-term physical illness

 a parent who has had mental health problems, problems with alcohol or has been in

trouble with the law

 the death of someone close to them

 parents who separate or divorce

 experiencing severe bullying or physical or sexual abuse

 poverty or homelessness

 experiencing discrimination

 caring for a relative, taking on adult responsibilities


 having long-lasting difficulties at school.

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