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    Lab Guide: Respiratory Assessment

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    Daisy Mella
    This lab guide introduces how to assess the respiratory system and indicators of respiratory health. It outlines key anatomical landmarks, learning outcomes of identifying questions, normal assessment findings, and demonstrating an accurate respiratory assessment. Students are instructed to prepare by reviewing chapters on subjective and objective respiratory assessment and completing a pre-lab exercise. The guided lab will focus on practicing objective respiratory assessment techniques and documentation.

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    Lab Guide: Respiratory Assessment

    Uploaded by

    Daisy Mella
    44 views10 pages
    This lab guide introduces how to assess the respiratory system and indicators of respiratory health. It outlines key anatomical landmarks, learning outcomes of identifying questions, normal assessment findings, and demonstrating an accurate respiratory assessment. Students are instructed to prepare by reviewing chapters on subjective and objective respiratory assessment and completing a pre-lab exercise. The guided lab will focus on practicing objective respiratory assessment techniques and documentation.

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    Respiratory Assessment

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    This lab guide introduces how to assess the respiratory system and indicators of respiratory health. It outlines key anatomical landmarks, learning outcomes of identifying questions, normal assessment findings, and demonstrating an accurate respiratory assessment. Students are instructed to prepare by reviewing chapters on subjective and objective respiratory assessment and completing a pre-lab exercise. The guided lab will focus on practicing objective respiratory assessment techniques and documentation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    44 views10 pages

    Lab Guide: Respiratory Assessment

    Uploaded by

    Daisy Mella
    This lab guide introduces how to assess the respiratory system and indicators of respiratory health. It outlines key anatomical landmarks, learning outcomes of identifying questions, normal assessment findings, and demonstrating an accurate respiratory assessment. Students are instructed to prepare by reviewing chapters on subjective and objective respiratory assessment and completing a pre-lab exercise. The guided lab will focus on practicing objective respiratory assessment techniques and documentation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Lab Guide

    Respiratory Assessment
    This lab introduces the assessment of the respiratory system and indicators of health
    status.

    *Please wear a tank top under your scrub top for this assessment lab.*

    Landmarks to know prior to coming to this lab:


     Angle of Louis
     Midclavicular line
     Midsternal line
     2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th intercostal spaces
     anterior, mid, and posterior axillary lines
     C7
     T3 and T10
     Scapular lines
     Vertebral line
     Lung lobes

    Student Learning Outcomes


    At the conclusion of this lab, the student will be able to:

    1. Identify key questions to elicit additional information pertaining to the respiratory


    system.

    2. Describe normal assessment findings of the respiratory system for an adult.

    3. Demonstrate a complete, accurate assessment on the respiratory system.

    4. Demonstrate reflective practice.

    Preparation for Lab


    Prior to the guided practice lab session students should complete the following:

     Jarvis textbook, Chapter 18 – “Subjective Data” and “Objective Data” sections

     Jarvis Student Lab Manual, Chapter 18

     Health Assessment DVD: Respiratory System


     Complete Lab Exercise G – Respiratory Assessment, and hand in to your lab
    instructor at the beginning of this lab.

    Student to Bring to Lab

     Stethoscope

     Wear a tank top or t-shirt to the lab

    Guided Lab Practice


    The lab will provide you with the opportunity to practise both subjective and objective
    assessments. The major focus of the guided practice will be on the practice and
    demonstration of objective data collection for the respiratory system.
    Subjective Data – Sample Questions Objective Data
    History of Present Concern ANTERIOR
     Do you experience shortness of breath Inspection
    (SOB) during exercise? At rest?  Size, shape, symmetry, position of
     Do you experience chest pain, nausea, the sternum (front and side: bulging)
    heartburn, coughing or swelling of lower  A-P diameter (1:2)
    legs along with the SOB?
     Costal angle: front
     Do you wake up due to being SOB?
     Intercostal spaces for bulging
     How many pillows do you use when
     Respirations: rate, rhythm, depth,
    sleeping?
    and accessory muscles
     Do you know if you snore or have short
    periods when you stop breathing (sleep Palpation
    apnea)?  Tenderness/lesions/masses/crepitus
     Do you have a cough? Whistling? Or  Fremitus (99)
    ‘rattle-y’ cough?  Chest expansion
     Is your cough dry or productive?  Systematic manner
    Past Health History Auscultation
     Have you been diagnosed with asthma,  Bronchial/bronchovesicular/vesicular
    emphysema, or bronchitis? and wheezes/crackles/rubs
     Have you had any surgery/trauma/tests on  Sequential manner for one full breath
    your lungs or chest?
     Do you have any allergies? POSTERIOR
     When was your last chest X-ray? Inspection
    Tuberculosis test? Allergy test?  Size, shape, symmetry, position of
     What if any testing have you had on your scapulae
    lungs (pulmonary function tests, etc.)?  Note posture: use of accessory
     Have you recently travelled outside of muscles
    Canada? Palpation
    Family History  Tenderness, lesions, masses, crepitus
     Do any of your family members have  Fremitus (99)
    respiratory problems?  Chest expansion (T9–T10)
     Are you exposed to smoke in the home?  Systematic manner
     Are you exposed to chemicals/smoke or
    Auscultation
    other environmental hazards in the
    home/work?  Bronchovesicular and vesicular
    sounds, wheezes, crackles
    Lifestyle and Health Practices
     Sequential manner for one full breath
     What medications do you take?
    Prescribed, over the counter, or herbal?
     Do you smoke? How much? What age did
    you start?
     Do you have difficulty caring for yourself
    or completing daily activities?
    Landmarks Used To Identify Lung Lobe Positions

    Medial 1/3 of the clavicle Divide the clavicle into three equal sections: the area above
    the medial 1/3 of the clavicle is in the base of the neck.
    Sternal border Assessment of the lung fields takes place at the left or right
    edge of the sternum.
    Midaxillary line A line is drawn straight down the centre of the axilla.
    Vertebrae prominens (C7) When the neck is flexed forward, this is the most prominent
    vertebra; the posterior apex of the lung extends to either C7
    or the first thoracic vertebra (T1).
    1st thoracic vertebra The first vertebral process below C7
    3rd thoracic vertebra The third vertebral process below C7
    10th thoracic vertebra This vertebra is on a straight line from the 6th rib anteriorly
    to the 8th rib at the midaxilla line and the spine.
    Midclavicular line If the clavicle is divided into two equal parts, the centre
    point is midclavicular.
    A line drawn down through the thorax from this point is the
    midclavicular line.
    Fissures Fissures are deep folds in the lung tissue. There is one large
    oblique fissure in each lung.
    The right lung has an additional horizontal fissure.
    Guidelines to Locate Lung Lobes

    Right upper lobe From 3 cm above the medial 1/3 of the clavicle to the 4th rib at the
    right sternal border to the 5th rib at the midaxillary line to T3 to T1
    Horizontal fissure From the 4th rib at the right sternal border to the 5th rib at the
    midaxillary line
    Right middle lobe From the 4th rib at the right sternal border to the 5th rib at the
    midaxillary line to the 6th rib at the midclavicular line
    Note that this lobe is an anterior lobe only.
    Oblique fissure From the 6th rib at the midclavicular line to the 5th rib at the
    midaxillary line to T3
    Right lower lobe From the 6th rib at the midclavicular line to the 5th rib at the
    midaxillary line to T3 to T10 to the 8th rib at the midaxillary line
    Left upper lobe From 3 cm above the medial 1/3 of the clavicle to the 6th rib at the
    midclavicular line to the 5th rib at the midaxillary line to T3 to T1
    Oblique fissure From the 6th rib at the midclavicular line to the 5th rib at the
    midaxillary line to T3
    Left lower lobe From the 6th rib at the midclavicular line to the 5th rib at the
    midaxillary line to T3 to T10 to the 8th rib at the midaxillary line

    Suggested Lab Activities


     Complete an objective assessment of the respiratory system.

     Small or large group game of Charades: Lung Lobes and Landmarks.


    Practise documentation.

     Perform reflective practice using the form provided at end of this lab.
    Name:

    Lab Exercise – Respiratory Assessment


    1. The majority of upper lobe lung tissue is located in the posterior surface of the chest.

    a. True
    b. False

    2. What are the names of the three pleural membranes? Where are they located?

    (1)
    (2)
    (3)

    3. During inhalation, the diaphragm presses the abdominal organs upward and forward.

    a. True
    b. False

    4. Identify three age-related changes that occur within the lungs.

    (1)
    (2)
    (3)

    5. Define kyphosis.

    6. Define adventitious sounds.

    7. Name the breath sounds that are located on the anterior thorax.
    Respiratory Assessment Documentation of Findings

    Sample:

    T 37.2, P 82/minute, R 16/minute, BP 122/76, O2 Sats 98% on RA. Chest inspected for
    size, shape, and symmetry with no abnormalities noted. Respirations unlaboured with
    no increased work of breathing seen on inspiration or expiration. No complaint of
    pain or tenderness on palpation of chest. Tactile fremitus symmetrical and equal
    bilaterally.
    Anterior-posterior diameter of chest less than transverse diameter. Chest expansion
    equal bilaterally. On auscultation breath sounds heard in all lung lobes with no
    adventitious sounds heard on inspiration or expiration.

    After completing your assessment of your classmate, complete the following


    documentation of your findings.

    Resps O2 Sats on

    Chest inspected for

    Respirations
    (describe)

    On palpation of chest

    Tactile fremitus

    Anterior-posterior diameter of chest

    Chest expansion

    On auscultation

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