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    Chemist Quest

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    Charis Ong
    This document provides 15 chemistry problems assigned for homework due on November 25th, 2003. The problems cover a range of topics including Lewis structures, molecular geometry, polarity, bond energies, and enthalpy calculations. Students are asked to draw structures, determine exceptions to the octet rule, predict shapes, calculate bond energies, rank molecules by polarity, and determine heats of reaction.

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    Chemist Quest

    Uploaded by

    Charis Ong
    513 views2 pages
    This document provides 15 chemistry problems assigned for homework due on November 25th, 2003. The problems cover a range of topics including Lewis structures, molecular geometry, polarity, bond energies, and enthalpy calculations. Students are asked to draw structures, determine exceptions to the octet rule, predict shapes, calculate bond energies, rank molecules by polarity, and determine heats of reaction.

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    This document provides 15 chemistry problems assigned for homework due on November 25th, 2003. The problems cover a range of topics including Lewis structures, molecular geometry, polarity, bond energies, and enthalpy calculations. Students are asked to draw structures, determine exceptions to the octet rule, predict shapes, calculate bond energies, rank molecules by polarity, and determine heats of reaction.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    513 views2 pages

    Chemist Quest

    Uploaded by

    Charis Ong
    This document provides 15 chemistry problems assigned for homework due on November 25th, 2003. The problems cover a range of topics including Lewis structures, molecular geometry, polarity, bond energies, and enthalpy calculations. Students are asked to draw structures, determine exceptions to the octet rule, predict shapes, calculate bond energies, rank molecules by polarity, and determine heats of reaction.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Chemistry 127 Fall 2003 Dr.

    Vilchiz
    Chapter 10 Due Tuesday November 25th, 2003

    1. The following species do not obey the octet rule. Draw Lewis structure for each, and
    state the type of octet exception: a) O3-; b) XeF2; c) SbF4-.

    2. What is required for an atom to expand its valence shell? Which of the following
    atoms can expand its valence shell: F, S, H, Al, Se, Cl?

    3. Acetylene gas (C2H2) burns with oxygen in an oxyacetylene torch to produce carbon
    dioxide, water vapor, and the great heat needed for welding metals. The heat of
    combustion of acetylene is 1259 kJ/mol. Estimate the bond energy of the triple bond
    between the carbons, and compare your value with that in table 9.2.

    4. Write a solution plan (without actual number but including the bond energies - not the
    actual numbers - you would use and how you would combine them algebraically) for
    calculating the enthalpy change of the following reaction:
    H2(g) + O2(g) Æ H2O2(g)

    5. Use bond energies on page 339 to calculate the heat of reaction for the addition of a
    hydrogen molecule to CH2=CH2 across the double bond to produce CH3-CH3

    6. Use wedge-line perspective drawings if necessary to sketch the atom positions in a


    general molecule of formula (not shape class) AXn that has each of the following shapes:
    a) V shape, b) trigonal planar, trigonal bipyramidal, d) T shape, e) trigonal pyramidal,
    f) square pyramidal.

    7. Consider the molecules BF3, PF3, BrF3, SF4, SF6.


    a) which has bonds that are most polar?
    b) Which have a molecular dipole moment?

    8. Nitrosyl Fluoride (NOF) has an atom sequence in which all atoms have formal charges
    of zero. Write the Lewis structure consistent with this fact.

    9. The VSEPR model was developed in the 1950’s, before any xenon compounds had
    been prepared. Thus, in the early 1950’s, these compounds provided an excellent test for
    the models’ predictive power. What would you have predicted for the shapes of XeF2,
    XeF4, XeF6?

    10. Chloral, Cl3C-CH=O, reacts with water to form the sedative and hypnotic agent
    chloral hydrate. Cl3C-CH(OH)2. Draw Lewis structures for these substances, and describe
    the change in molecular shape, if any, that occurs around the carbon atoms during the
    reaction.
    11. Like several other bonds, carbon oxygen bonds have lengths and strengths that
    depend on the bond order. Draw Lewis structures for the following species and arrange
    then in order of increasing carbon-oxygen bond length and then by increasing carbon-
    oxygen bond strength: a) CO, b)CO32-, c) H2CO, d) CH4O, e)HCO3- (H attached to O).

    12. The four bonds of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are polar but the molecule is nonpolar
    because the bond polarity is canceled due to symmetry. When other atoms substitute the
    Cl atoms, the symmetry is broken and the molecule becomes polar. Rank the following
    molecules from the least polar to the most polar: CH2Br2, CF2Cl2, CH2F2, CH2Cl2, CBr4,
    CF2Br2.

    13. A major short lived, neutral species in flames is OH.


    a)What is unusual about the electronic structure of OH?
    b) Use standard heat of formation of OH(g) and bond energies to calculate the O-H bond
    energy in OH(g) (∆Hf° of OH(g) =39.0 kJ/mol).

    14. Pure HN3 (atoms sequence HNNN) is a very explosive compound. In aqueous
    solution is a very weak acid(comparable to acetic acid) that yields the azide ion N3-. Draw
    the resonance structuresto explain why the nitrogen-nitrogen bond lengths are equal in
    N3- but unequal in HN3.

    15. Hydrazine (N2H4) is used as a rocket fuel because it reacts very exothermically with
    oxygen to form nitrogen gas and water vapor. The heat released and the increase in
    number of moles of gas provides thrust. Calculate the heat of reaction.

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