Summit 1-Work Book Answer Key

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Workbook Answer Key

Note: In communicative exercises where several answers are possible, this answer key
contains some examples of correct answers, not all possible answers. Any valid answer in this
type of exercise should be considered acceptable.
UNIT 1
1. Answers will vary.
2. 1. it’s just a matter of time
2. what are you going to do
3. have started getting to me
4. you’ve got to roll with the punches
5. you’re just a sitting duck
6. Better safe than sorry
3. 1. c 2. f 3. h 4. a 5. e 6. b 7. d 8. g
4. 1. c 2. b 3. d 4. a
7. 1. Working
2. to help
3. to be
4. arriving
5. to read
6. to give
7. going
8. to avoid
9. to play
10. 2. The director invited us to go on a tour of the museum.
3. The ad persuaded me to donate money to the charity.
4. The CEO hired Janice to supervise the project.
5. The guide advised the tourists not to travel without the group.
Summit 1, Third Edition

Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permitted.
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12. Possible answers

2. Julie encouraged her daughter to study hard.
3. The doctor advised us to eat more fruit.
4. Mark taught Narisa to play the violin.
5. We paid our neighbor to mow the lawn.
6. The guard ordered Terry to leave.
1. He needed to ask for directions in a foreign country, but he didn’t speak the language.
2. He designed a T-shirt covered with common symbols for things that tourists need.
A tourist could then point to the symbol for the thing he or she needed.
3. The bus drivers were driving carelessly, and many passengers were complaining.
4. They hung bowls of water next to each driver and required the drivers to have a full
bowl at the end of their shift.
5. Pedestrians on cell phones were walking into roads and causing accidents.
6. They commissioned an artist to create pictures on the sidewalks near busy roads.
The pictures showed frightening animals and the words: ”Don’t step into danger.”
7. Many parents have trouble getting their children to do chores.
8. The app ChoreMonster turns the chores into a game for children to play and earn
rewards.
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 1. My biggest fear is to be alone. / It’s my biggest fear to be alone.

2. The most important part of Sandy’s job is to keep track of expenses. / It’s the most
important part of Sandy’s job to keep track of expenses.
3. My goal for this year is to become more outgoing. / It’s my goal for this year to become
more outgoing.
4. The security guard’s job is to protect the building. / It’s the security guard’s job to protect
the building.
5. The purpose of this investigation is to end political corruption. / It’s the purpose of this
investigation to end political corruption.

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B. 2. It’s time for our government to improve public sanitation.

3. It’s easy for Jana to learn new vocabulary.
4. It’s hard for pessimists to have a positive outlook.
5. It’s not necessary for you to clean the kitchen.
C. 1. Tom said to meet him at 6:30.
2. Kate said to call the client this afternoon.
3. Alice said not to forget to file the report on time.
4. Alex told me not to wear fancy jewelry out on the street.
to
D. 1. It’s difficult for me talk in front of large crowds.
is ^
2. Ellen’s goal to finish this project by the end of the week.
^
to
3. He got everyone agree with him.
^ me / us / you / him / her / them
4. It’s too early for to eat dinner. / It’s too early for to eat dinner.
to ^
5. It’s my cousin’s dream for become a pilot.
not
6. Tony said don’t to be late for the meeting.
E. Answers will vary.
UNIT 2
6. The answer part to all questions will vary.
1. have, been listening
2. Have, seen
3. have, been
4. have, been going to
5. have, been listening
7. 1. I’ve already seen that movie. / I already saw that movie.
2. Correct
3. Correct
4. She’s gone to three plays this month. / She went to three plays this month.
5. Correct

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6. How many times have you listened to that song? / How many times did you listen to that
song?
7. Have you gone to the art museum yet? / Did you go to the art museum yet?
10. 2. What really impressed me were the lyrics in that musical.
3. What we really enjoy are the music reviews on this radio station.
4. What I miss is playing the violin.
5. What I find hard to listen to is jazz.
6. What leaves me cold is Taylor Swift’s music.
7. What I’d like more than anything is to see Maná in concert.
8. What we’d really like to hear is some live music tonight.
11. The following sentences should be underlined:
What I remember best is listening to pop music while I did my homework;
What I prefer now is urban dance music;
What she loves is rock music from the 1950s;
what hasn’t changed is the role of music in my life;
what I really like is just to sit back when I have nothing else to do and listen
13. Adjectives that describe Ray Charles’s music: original, groundbreaking, unique,
emotional, intense, exciting, spiritual, churchy, religious, passionate, intelligent
Adjectives that describe Ray Charles’s personality: energetic, gifted, imaginative,
passionate, humble
14. 1. c 2. e 3. b 4. g 5. a 6. f 7. d
Beethoven: difficult personality; rejected by women; classical music; deaf
Similarities: played the piano; interested in music at a young age; imaginative;
energetic; geniuses
Ray Charles: not difficult; a ladies’ man; soul music; blind; humble
17. 1. a. soothing b. soothed
2. a. interesting b. interested
3. a. amazed b. amazing
4. a. touched b. touching
5. a. bored b. boring
6. a. exciting b. excited

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18. Sentences will vary. Correct adjectives below.

1. soothed
2. entertaining
3. depressing
4. disappointed
5. relaxing
6. pleased
1. This program soothes babies.
It helps parents relax.
It promotes intellectual development.
It can improve reading and math, abstract thinking skills, and spatial intelligence.
It stimulates creativity and imagination.
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 1. danced
2. have played / have been playing
3. had already performed
4. saw
5. worked / has worked / has been working
6. were rehearsing / rehearsed / have been rehearsing
B. 1. What have you listened to lately? / What have you been listening to lately?
2. Sarah Cho played that CD for me yesterday.
3. I’ve watched that video four times already.
4. I bought that DVD yesterday.
5. How many concerts have you gone to? / How many concerts did you go to?
6. The performance had already begun by the time we arrived.
7. When we got to the ticket window, the movie had already sold out.
8. Many people went to the theater last year.
C. Possible answers
1. been studying English for three years
2. Slovakia, eaten halusky
3. mountains, I traveled to Switzerland
4. Richard Thompson, I had heard him in concert
5. my children had already gone to bed

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D. Possible answers
1. I don’t know if they like modern jazz. / I don’t know whether they like modern jazz.
2. Do you know where the concert hall is?
3. I’d like to find out who sings that song.
4. We’re not sure if Peter likes ballet. / We’re not sure whether Peter likes ballet.
5. I wonder when that artist’s next show is.
6. I can’t imagine what Jen would think of this music.
E. Answers will vary.
UNIT 3
1. Statements that reflect good spending habits: 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10
4. Possible answers
1. Impulse items are often things that you don’t need and can be over your budget.
2. You will be reminded of why it’s been a mistake to make impulse purchases before,
which will make you less likely to do it again.
3. You’ll be less likely to buy things on impulse if you’re not depriving yourself.
5. 1. just sits around collecting dust
2. is so hard to operate
3. is so hard to put together
4. takes up so much room
5. costs so much to maintain
6. 1. He wishes he hadn’t bought the guitar. / He shouldn’t have bought the guitar.
2. He wishes he hadn’t bought the smart watch. / He shouldn’t have bought the smart
watch.
3. They wish they hadn’t bought the crib. / They shouldn’t have bought the crib.
4. She wishes she hadn’t ordered the computer. / She shouldn’t have ordered the
computer.
5. He wishes he hadn’t bought the boat. / He shouldn’t have bought the boat.
10. 1. b 2. g 3. f 4. d 5. c 6. a 7. e
11. 1. a 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. c

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1. You see where your money actually goes and can plan where to cut back on spending.
2. If you’re not paying your bills in full, you may be spending more money than you’re earning.
3. It requires you to put some money away in savings. You can use that money in an emergency.
World Wildlife Fund: animals (especially endangered species), plants, and natural areas;
protect the habitats of endangered species and other wild animals, address threats to the
natural environment
The International Rescue Committee: people devastated by conflict and disaster; provide
emergency relief, help people become self-sufficient, and assist refugees in resettlement
The United Nations Children’s Fund: children; provide education, vaccinations, protective
environments, HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, and other health and education
services to give children a good start in life
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 2. Had I known it would cost so much to maintain, I wouldn’t have bought such an
expensive car.
3. Had I known these bookshelves would be so hard to put together, I would have asked a
friend to help me.
4. Had I realized the music at last night’s concert would be so commercial, I might not have
bought tickets.
5. Had the salesperson had told me it would be so hard to operate, I might have purchased
a different DVR.
6. Had your boss not been such a tyrant, would you have stayed at your job?
7. Had I known this bread-making machine would just sit around collecting dust, I would
have given it to my sister.
8. Had my apartment building allowed pets, I would have stayed there.
B. Answers will vary.
C. 2. While Teresa Lee is working, Tina Lee is going to be / will be lying on the beach.
3. While Teresa Lee is cleaning the house, Tina Lee is going to be / will be going horseback
riding.
4. While Teresa Lee is doing laundry, Tina Lee is going to be / will be playing tennis.
D. Answers will vary.

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UNIT 4
3. Possible answers
2. She’s wearing a solid-color, long-sleeved evening gown.
3. He’s wearing a long-sleeved dress shirt and jeans.
4. She’s wearing a print, short-sleeved cocktail dress.
5. He’s wearing jeans and a cardigan.
6. She’s wearing a turtleneck sweater and a skirt.
5. Possible answers
1. People should dress the way they like and not worry about what others think.
7. 1. Each / Every
2. Some / Several / Three / A few / A number of
3. Four / Many / Most / A majority of / A few / Some
4. Two / A couple of
5. One
8. Answers will vary. See answers to Exercise 7 for alternate quantifiers.
9. 1. nightingale
2. facial
3. reputable
4. swear by
5. steep price tag
6. proponent
1. A bird-poop facial is a treatment in which bird droppings are put on the face to improve
the skin.
2. Some people say the benefits of bird-poop facials include healing skin problems,
exfoliating dead skin cells, softening the skin, and lightening age spots.
3. She thinks that many of the improvements can be achieved with products from the
drugstore.
4. She thinks that the bird-poop facial made her look five years younger.
5. Bird-poop facials are expensive and some products are not reliable. Also, some people
don’t like the idea of bird droppings on their faces.

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GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 1. Not many
2. Some
3. Some
4. Not much
5. Not many
6. Some
B. 3. A few of my friends . . .
5. A majority of people . . .
7. Each of the employees . . .
8. Some of my friends…
C. Possible answers
1. are self-confident
2. is quite good
3. dress casually
4. wears contact lenses
5. has tattoos
6. are self-centered
UNIT 5
2. Possible answers
I think a move to an urban area is a good idea. You might love the city. There are great
cultural opportunities, like theaters, concerts, and museums. There’s always something to do.
Disadvantages include crowding and noise. You should try to find an apartment above street
level. And make sure you live within walking distance of public transportation. Good luck!
3. Possible answers
2. I wish my neighbors would mind their own business.
3. Working at home has been a mixed blessing for me.
4. It’s raining, but look on the bright side—the rain is good for the garden.
5. My sisters and I all look out for each other.
6. My colleague means well, but I wish he wouldn’t try to help me so much.
7. This neighborhood has a lot to offer.

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4. Possible answers
2. It’s impolite to take a call in a movie theater.
3. It’s considerate to turn your cell phone off in class.
4. It’s inconsiderate to have a loud, personal conversation on the train.
5. It’s acceptable to talk on the phone while shopping.
6. It’s courteous to turn your phone to silent mode in a restaurant.
7. It’s unacceptable to leave your phone on during a flight.
5. 2. Julie can’t stand her husband’s checking his text messages constantly.
3. Patricia resents her co-workers’ calling her Patty.
4. I’m so tired of their complaining all the time.
5. Our father objects to our taking calls during dinner.
6. Do you mind my humming while I work?
7. Mr. Yu objects to your being late so often.
6. 1. Correct
2. Do you mind Paul’s playing music at night? (Note: Sentence is correct as-is in informal
spoken English.)
3. Jane’s chewing gum during the concert was rude.
4. Sam’s talking back to his mother is disrespectful.
5. We don’t mind their arriving late. (Note: Sentence is correct as-is in informal spoken
English.)
6. Their smoking in the hallway is unacceptable.
7. Correct
8. Does my friend’s talking loudly bother you?
7. Possible answers
2. People should either wait until after the movie to talk or go outside to talk.
3. People should either wear headphones or play their music quietly.
4. People should either say nice things about others or not say anything at all.
5. People should eat either before class or after class.
8. 2. Neither leaving a cell phone on nor putting your feet up on the seat in front of you is
courteous in a movie theater.
3. Neither talking on a cell phone nor smoking while driving is responsible.
4. Neither talking nor laughing while the teacher is talking is respectful.
5. Neither touching the art nor taking flash photography in a museum is appropriate.
2. Waiters and waitresses should either wait until they leave the table to cough or cover
their mouths.
3. Dog owners should either clean up after their dogs or not have pets.

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4. Ignoring customers is not only rude but also bad for business. / Not only is ignoring
customers rude, but it’s also bad for business.
5. Drivers who neither use their turn signals nor look behind them before they open their
car doors create a real danger for cyclists.
1. People used to think that green spaces fostered crime.
2. People now realize that green spaces may actually result in less crime.
3. Because city planners are concerned about the environment, and because green
spaces help lower the crime rate.
4. They discovered that gun crimes in the areas around the green spaces decreased
significantly.
5. Neighbors meet and form ties in green spaces, and neighbors who know each other
look out for each other. Criminals know that residents in well-cared-for neighborhoods
are more likely to look out for and protect one another, and the criminals stay away.
Spending time in nature helps people relax and reduces aggression, which may make
people less likely to commit crimes.
1. Not only have I raised money, but I’ve also volunteered.
2. I’ve neither picked up trash nor collected signatures.
3. I’d like to either make phone calls or donate money.
16. 1. to a rural village in Guatemala
2. They helped raise money for an irrigation system.
3. They wanted to help people.
4. They wanted to plan a similar trip.
5. They founded a service organization called Global Volunteers.
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 2. The restaurant doesn’t allow smoking, and the bar doesn’t either.
3. Her company has adopted a casual dress code on Fridays, and so has his.
4. Shorts aren’t appropriate in the office, and jeans aren’t either.
5. She was annoyed by his behavior, and so were we.
6. We’ve decided to volunteer, and they have, too.

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7. Dave Clark doesn’t like the city, and neither do we.

8. We’re not going on vacation this summer, and neither are they.
C. 1. I don’t either. / Neither do I. (Informal: Me neither.)
2. So am I. / I am, too. (Informal: Me, too.)
3. So do I. / I do, too. (Informal: Me, too.)
4. I can’t either. / Neither can I. (Informal: Me neither.)
5. So do I. / I do, too. (Informal: Me, too.)
6. I don’t either. / Neither do I. (Informal: Me neither.)
7. So would I. / I would, too. (Informal: Me, too.)
UNIT 6
1. 1. feel sorry for, cooped up
2. put up with it
3. put you in your place
4. in charge
2. 1. e 2. a 3. b 4. h 5. c 6. g 7. d 8. f
3. 2. as strong as an ox
3. as quiet as a mouse
4. as cute as a kitten
5. as brave as a lion
6. as fat as a pig
7. as hairy as a gorilla
8. as slow as a snail
5. 1. should be treated
2. should be provided
3. should be provided
4. should be allowed
5. should be given
6. should be protected
7. should be treated
8. should be kept
6. 1. can’t be raised
2. shouldn’t be harmed
3. don’t have to be killed

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4. can be eliminated
5. might not be mistreated
6. might be developed
7. Possible answers
Laws can be passed to protect animals. Alternatives can be found for medical research on
animals. Conditions in zoos and on corporate farms can be improved.
8. Possible answers
Dogs: eager to please, affectionate, loyal; need lots of time, attention, and exercise—daily
walks, frequent baths, and feeding; range in price from free to quite expensive
Rabbits: sociable, intelligent; require daily attention and care—exercise, a dry spot to live,
and time out of the cage; not costly
Hamsters: amusing, affable; easy to care for—a dry living space with gnawing log and
hiding place; cheap
Birds: intelligent, independent; not difficult—need a comfortable temperature, interaction,
and time out of their cages; can be costly to buy
Snakes: range from placid and docile to aggressive; require careful attention, owners with
special knowledge—eat live animals, need appropriate temperature and lighting; costly
Fish: quiet, peaceful; relatively simple—monitoring the food and water; not expensive
9. 1. cats, hamsters, fish, (birds)
2. dogs, rabbits, snakes, (birds)
3. purebred dogs, birds, snakes
4. cats, dogs that aren’t purebreds, rabbits, hamsters, fish
Predators: lion, tiger, crocodile
Prey: worm, rabbit, sheep, mouse
Both: snake, bird, cat, dog, dolphin, fish, spider, snake, eel
2. Monkeys groom each other. They remove insects from each other’s fur. Parents brush
their children’s hair.
3. Puppies and dogs play with each other. Children also play with each other.
4. Ducks and geese lead their babies in a line. Adults lead children in a line and follow
them to make sure they are safe.
5. Otters use their paws to hold food to eat. People use hands and tools to eat food.
6. Male sheep fight to determine who is stronger. People sometimes fight.
13. 1. fish
2. eagle
3. owl

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4. lion.
5. dinosaur
1. Because he killed a lion that many people loved.
2. He had an unusual black mane, and he was part of a wildlife conservation study run by
Oxford University.
3. They lured Cecil out of the park illegally so Palmer could kill it.
4. They started a fierce debate over the ethics of trophy hunting.
5. The money they spend on permits and fees brings money into the countries. This
money can be used for conservation programs. The promise of income from hunting
can cause landowners to support, rather than kill, endangered animals. Killing
aggressive senior “large” animals gives younger males a chance to reproduce.
6. Little of the revenue from permits and fees actually goes to wildlife conservation. Nature
tourism generates much more money than trophy hunting. Very little of the money from
trophy hunting makes it to the places where the hunting actually takes place. It is our
responsibility to protect endangered wildlife, not kill it.
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. c
B. 1. can / may
2. may / might (not) / could
3. Could / Can / May
4. may / might (not) / could
5. should / ought to / had better / must / have to
6. could
7. would
8. must
9. can’t / had better not / must not / may not / shouldn’t / cannot
10. couldn’t / wasn’t able to
C. Possible answers
2. You can turn on the air-conditioning if you want.
3. We could go out.
4. You should consider going to Turkey.
5. The teacher must have been sick.
6. You ought to see a doctor.
7. We could try the new restaurant on Avenue B.
8. He’d better not get a snake!

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UNIT 7
1. Possible answers
1. She buys things just because celebrities endorse them. (Advice will vary.)
2. He buys things just because everyone else is buying them, too. (Advice will vary.)
3. She can’t pass up a good sale. (Advice will vary.)
4. When he’s bored, he shops online and ends up with things he doesn’t need. (Advice will
vary.)
2. 1. I could kick myself.
2. Don’t fall for that.
3. You’re comparing apples and oranges.
4. Tell you what. / I owe you one.
5. We’ll call it even.
3. Possible answers
2. You ought to window-shop in Rittenhouse Square. The bookstore on the corner of 17th
and Walnut has great coffee.
3. The electronics stores on Commerce Street are good places to comparison shop.
4. The mall would be a good bet. It’s perfect for browsing.
5. 1. 100-yen shops
2. the Akihabara district
3. Oriental Bazaar
4. the Ginza
5. Nakamise Shopping Arcade
7. 1. being called / to be called
2. being entertained
3. being forced / to be forced
4. being asked
5. being ignored / to be ignored
6. to be informed
7. being treated
8. Possible answers
2. I resent being forced to watch ads before a movie that I have paid to see.
3. I dislike being interrupted by ads when I’m using the Internet.
4. I can’t stand being forced to look through so many ads to find my mail.
5. I don’t like to be called by telemarketers, especially at dinner time.
6. I like to be shown new fashions and beauty products in magazine ads.

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7. I love being given free product samples.

8. I prefer to be exposed to advertising through product placement in movies, rather than
being forced to sit through ads before movies.
1. Men now shop as a leisure activity; they are more likely to make impulse purchases;
they are more willing to shop alone; they often shop online; and they pay more attention
to fashion.
Advantages: You can buy at any time of the day or night; you save time because you
don’t have to travel to the store; you can read other consumers’ reviews of a product
you’re planning to buy.
Disadvantages: You can’t try on clothes or see other products in person; there’s no
salesperson to assist you; you can’t haggle; you may worry about security and privacy.
16. 1. endorse
2. prove
3. promote
4. imply
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 1. Our products are sold by retailers all over the world.

2. That song was written by Scott Joplin.
3. Those shoes are being sold by online stores at a steep discount.
4. The new line of running shoes is going to be endorsed / will be endorsed by Jason Farah.
5. By the time we get to the concert hall, all of the good seats will have been taken.
6. Stu can be persuaded by an ad that provides facts and figures.
7. Ella has been hired by CompTech to design its website.
8. A new opera is going to be performed / will be performed by City Symphony tonight.
B. 1. Are our products sold by retailers all over the world?
2. Was that song written by Scott Joplin?

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3. Are those shoes being sold by online stores at a steep discount?

4. Is the new line of running shoes going to be endorsed by Jason Farah? / Will the new
line of running shoes be endorsed by Jason Farah?
5. By the time we get to the concert hall, will all of the good seats have been taken?
6. Can Stu be persuaded by an ad that provides facts and figures?
7. Has Ella been hired by CompTech to design its website?
8. Will a new opera be performed by City Symphony tonight? / Is a new opera going to be
performed by City Symphony tonight?
C. 1. was your / our house built
2. will lunch be served
3. were you / we given to complete the test
4. will the party be held
5. Is she being given an award tonight
6. Has the house been sold yet
UNIT 8
1. Possible answers
1. they patched things up
2. split up
3. Things at the office started going downhill
4. hit the nail on the head
5. the deal fell apart
6. talked about Peggy behind her back
2. Possible answers
Should: Kids should be grounded when they don’t follow the rules; kids should be praised
when they’re well behaved; kids should be expected to do chores.
Shouldn’t: Kids shouldn’t be allowed to talk back; kids shouldn’t be given too much
freedom; kids shouldn’t be ignored.
3. Possible answers
3. Men are getting more and more involved in caring for their children.
4. People are spending less and less time with their extended families.
5. Fewer and fewer mothers are staying home to take care of their children.
6. More and more couples are choosing to remain childless.
7. Young adults are moving out of their parents’ homes later and later.
8. Adolescents receive less and less adult supervision.
4. 1. The more, the less (Note: This item is also correct in the reverse order: The less people
work, the more time . . .)
2. The more developed, the better
3. The lower, the fewer

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4. The more, the higher

5. The better, the longer
6. The older, the fewer
5. Students’ choice of quote and interpretations will vary.
1. the more time I can spend with the people I love.
2. the more goals you achieve.
3. the smarter you become.
4. the stronger our friendships.
5. the more exciting life is.
7. 1. too lenient
2. Nolife’s parents are overprotective.
3. Norules’s parents are too lenient.
4. Noworries is rebellious. His / her parents are too strict.
9. 1. d 2. c 3. e 4. b 5. a
10. 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c
11. 1. differences in values, attitudes, and goals between one generation and another,
especially between young people and their parents
1. people who are caring for their children and their aging parents at the same time
2. The caregivers are caught in the middle; their children and their parents are like slices
of bread, one on each side.
3. People are having children later in life. People are living longer. More adult children are
living at home.
4. depression, sleeplessness, headaches, other health problems, guilt
5. Because it’s usually women who are caring for their children and parents, and more and
more women are also working.
14. 1. responsibility
2. participation
3. obligations
4. depression
5. sleeplessness
6. patience
7. guidance

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8. interaction
9. inclusion
10. relaxation
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 2. as fast as a cheetah
3. the oldest
4. farther from here than Park City
5. not as strict as / less strict than his
6. fewer children than Mr. Lane
7. better than I did ten years ago
8. as many people in my family as in Irene Lee’s
9. the shortest commute
10. as old as my grandmother
11. less sleep than when she was younger
C. Answers will vary.
D. Possible answers
2. The population of Greenland is less than 60,000.
3. The movie we watched last night was the most depressing ever!
4. Alexis McCarthy is becoming a better violin player every day.
5. He reads more than he watches TV.
6. The new French restaurant on City Avenue is less expensive than it looks.
UNIT 9
2. 5, 2, 8, 1, 6, 9, 3, 7, 4
4. A: vanished without a trace
B: going out on a limb
B: doesn’t make sense, barking up the wrong tree
5. Possible answers
1. He’s probably stuck in traffic.
2. Maybe she’s in a meeting.
3. It’s possible that she’s sick.

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4. Clearly, the schedule has changed.

5. I wonder if the band is breaking up.
6. Maybe he got the date wrong.
6. Possible answers
1. She could be looking for the right exit.
2. I’ll bet she wasn’t on the train.
3. Clearly, she missed the train.
7. 2. People must have used the statues for religious ceremonies.
3. The Egyptians who built the pyramids must have used sleds to move large blocks of
stone.
4. Those patterns in the earth couldn’t have been made by aliens.
5. A storm could / might / may have caused all this damage.
6. This had to have been an important place for the early inhabitants.
8. 2. not certain; The dinosaurs may / might / could have been killed by climate changes.
3. almost certain; The giant stone statues on Easter Island must have been carved by the
ancestors of the Polynesian people who live there today.
4. almost certain; Amelia Earhart must have been killed when her plane ran out of fuel
and went down in the Pacific Ocean.
5. very certain; The fire had to have been started intentionally.
6. very certain; The ship had to have been sunk by a collision with an iceberg.
9. Answers will vary
1. The captain could have been killed by the crew, but that doesn’t really make sense. The
captain was an honest and fair man, and nothing was stolen from the ship.
2. The crew must have been forced by alcohol fumes to leave the ship. This theory seems
more likely than the other two.
3. The crew couldn’t have been snatched from the ship by a giant octopus. That’s a
ridiculous theory!
11. 1. questionable
2. debatable
3. believable
4. unprovable
1. It was a radio performance of a fiction story.
2. Many people panicked, thinking the Earth was under attack from Martians.

Page 21 of 23

GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 1. c 2. a 3. f 4. d 5. b 6. e
B. 1. There could have been.
2. They might have.
3. It had to have been.
4. They must have been.
5. They couldn’t have been.
6. He might have.
UNIT 10
5. Possible answers
2. You should take a breather. Take some time to relax.
3. If I were you, I’d slow down a little.
4. You should set limits. Don’t accept work calls at home.
5. You need to learn to laugh things off.
6. Why don’t you take up a hobby?
6. 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. a
7. 2. They’re not supposed to open their gifts
3. When is Tina supposed to take a break
4. We were supposed to go hiking
5. Who was supposed to wash the dishes
6. Loretta and Bob are supposed to come
7. Is Peter supposed to visit
8. You’re not supposed to smoke
8. Possible answers
1. When I was young, I used to / would ride my bike wherever I went.
2. Mario was always building something when he was a kid.
3. We used to love being outside all summer long when we were younger.

Page 22 of 23
4. My brother used to help / would help / was always helping our neighbors shovel snow.
5. As a child, Jane was always playing / would always play / used to play in the snow with
her sister.
9. 1. would play
2. would pick
3. were always doing
4. used to like
5. was always running
6. would come
7. used to enjoy
8. would play
9. would end up
cellphones: don’t have to be home to make and receive calls; leisure activities and time
with friends may be interrupted
tablets: can read books on them; might be tempted to respond to work emails on personal
time
laptops: don’t have to be at your desk to use your computer; work doesn’t end when you
leave the office—might be tempted to work at home or on vacation
e-mail: can make fewer phone calls; friends and family might not talk as much
texting: easy to stay in touch with people; might focus on texts rather than on friends and
family you’re with
the longer hours we work; the fewer and shorter vacations we take; the more stressed we are
14. 1. blurry
2. invades
3. virtually
4. plugging away
5. 24/7
1. checking e-mail, taking business calls, checking texts, working on a laptop
2. checking sports scores, shopping, reading the news, ordering tickets, planning
vacations, chatting with friends, browsing the Web
3. A more definite separation of work and home life would be better not only for employees
but also for employers.

Page 23 of 23

19. 1. confidently
2. safely
3. sadly
4. luckily
5. beautifully
6. physically
7. quietly
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A. 1. Windsurfing is supposed to be hard to learn.

2. That movie is supposed to be horrible.
3. The new CEO is supposed to be a tyrant.
4. Border collies are supposed to be extremely intelligent dogs.
5. Playing piano is supposed to make you better at math.
6. I’ve never been to Hawaii, but it’s supposed to be beautiful.
7. The book was supposed to be better than the movie, but I thought the movie was better.
B. 1. a 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. e 6. e 7. a 8. b 9. d 10. c 11. e 12. a
C. 1. Monet’s paintings are incredibly beautiful.
2. Ella answered her phone angrily / angrily answered her phone.
3. Our new employee always works hard.
4. Billy politely asked Ty not to smoke / asked Ty not to smoke politely.
5. That new sports car is unbelievably fast.
6. She waved happily / happily waved when she saw her friend.
7. She walked away slowly / slowly walked away.
8. David suddenly remembered that he needed to call his sister.
D. Answers will vary.


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What are some of the common grammatical structures and exercises covered in the workbook?

What are some of the common grammatical structures and exercises covered in the workbook?

What are some examples of ways people have come up with to solve communication problems while traveling or with difficult jobs?

What are some examples of ways people have come up with to solve communication problems while traveling or with difficult jobs?

Page 1 of 23

Workbook Answer Key

Summit 1, Third Edition

12. Possible answers

A. 1. My biggest fear is to be alone. / It’s my biggest fear to be alone.

Summit 1, Third Edition

B. 2. It’s time for our government to improve public sanitation.

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

18. Sentences will vary. Correct adjectives below.

Summit 1, Third Edition

E. Answers will vary.

Summit 1, Third Edition

12. Possible answers

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

11. Answers will vary.

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

7. Dave Clark doesn’t like the city, and neither do we.

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

7. I love being given free product samples.

A. 1. Our products are sold by retailers all over the world.

Summit 1, Third Edition

3. Are those shoes being sold by online stores at a steep discount?

Summit 1, Third Edition

4. The more, the higher

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

4. Clearly, the schedule has changed.

Summit 1, Third Edition

14. Answers will vary.

Summit 1, Third Edition

Summit 1, Third Edition

17. Answers will vary.

A. 1. Windsurfing is supposed to be hard to learn.

Summit 1, Third Edition

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