Et Report Lab 3

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
LAB SHEET
DJJ20053-ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
Experiment 3:
SERIES-PARALLEL CIRCUIT
Safety Rules
The following safety rules must ALWAYS be obeyed. Failure to do so may result in exclusion
from the laboratory.
1. Read all directions for an experiment several times. Follow the directions exactly as
they are written. If you are in doubt about any part of the experiment, ask your lecturer
for assistance.
2. Never perform activities that are not authorized by your lecturer. Always obtain
permission before "experimenting" on your own.
3. Never handle any equipment unless you have specific permission.
4. Take extreme care not to spill any material in the laboratory. If spills occur, ask your
lecturer immediately about the proper clean-up procedure. Never simply pour
chemicals or other substances into the sink or trash container.
5. Never eat or drink in the laboratory. Wash your hands before and after each
experiment.
6. There should be no loud talking or horseplay in the laboratory.
7. When performing a lab, make sure the work area has been cleared of purses, books,
jackets, etc.
8. Know the location and use of all safety equipment (goggles, aprons, eyewash, fire
blanket, fire extinguishers, etc.)
9. Read your assignment before coming to class and be aware of all safety precautions.
Follow directions.
10. Never work alone in the lab.
LABORATORY REPORT 3
DJJ20053- ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY)
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

POLITEKNIK SEBERANG PERAI
TITLE: PARALLEL CIRCUITS

LAB : 3 SEMESTER : 2
COURSE: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY SESSION: DIS 2020
GROUP:6
NAME: MATRIX NUMBER:
1.DHANAKUMARAN A/L KALAI SELVAN 10DKM20F1082
2.SARAN KUMAR A/L GOBI 10DKM20F1025
3.POOVENTIRA A/L KALIMUTHU 10DKM20F1113
4.
5.
DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 1/4/2021 DATE OF REPORT:7/4/2021
LECTURER: EN. MOHD FUAD BIN IBRAHIM
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lab session students should be able:

i) To build a series - parallel circuit
ii) To analyse the characteristics of a series-parallel circuit
connection
EQUIPMENTS : D.C. Voltage Supply, Digital Multimeter, Bread Board,

Crocodile Clips, Connection Wires
THEORY:
To find the total resistance of the combine circuit, student must apply both series and parallel
circuit theory.
To obtain the current of a resistor Ri, use Ohm’s law
Ii = V/Ri
R1
VT 200Ω R3 R4
5V 300Ω 680Ω
R2
400Ω
Figure2. Series-Parallel Circuit
1. Construct the circuit based on Figure 1 using livewire 1.11 pro apps.
2. Set a power supply to provide a DC Voltage of 5 V to the circuit.
3. Use the voltmeter to measure the voltage drops across

resistors R1 ,R2, R3 and R4.
4. Use the ammeter meter measure the current flow

IT, I1 and I2.
5. The obtained results are to be filled in Table 1.
6. Calculate the theoretical voltage drops and the current flow through
each resistor and show the answer below.
RESULTS
Table 1 Measured and Calculated Currents and Voltages

Resistor Measured Calculated Measured Calculated
Value Current Current Voltage Voltage
R1=200Ω I1= 6.19mA I1= 6.20mA VR1 = 1.24V VR1 = 1.24V
R2=400Ω I2 = 6.19mA I2 = 6.20mA VR2 = 2.47V VR2 = 2.48V
R3=300Ω I3 = 4.29mA I3 = 4.30mA VR3= 1.29V VR3= 1.29V
R4=680Ω I4 = 1.89mA I4 = 1.90mA VR4= 1.29V VR4= 1.29V
IT = 6.19mA IT = 6.20mA
DISCUSSION:
1. State the relation between the total current (IT) and the branch currents (I1 and
I2) in the parallel circuit.
= The total circuit current (IT) is equal to the sum of the individual branch
currents (I1, I2, I3 and I4) in the parallel circuit.
2. What is the relation between the supply voltage (VS) and the voltage drop
across each resistor (VR1 and VR2) in a parallel circuit?
= The supply voltage is equal to the voltage drop across each resistor (VR1
and VR2) in the parallel circuit. This is because there are only two sets of
electrically common points in a parallel circuit, and the voltage measured
between sets of common points must always be the same at any given
time.
3. From this experiment, what can we say about the characterization for
a) Current
- The total circuit current is equal to the sum of the individual branch
currents.
- A parallel circuit has two or more paths for current to flow through.
- In a series circuit, the current that flows through each of the components
is the same, and the voltage across the circuit is the sum of the individual voltage
drops across each component.
- A series circuit has one path only for the current to flow through.
b) Voltage
- The battery voltage is equal to voltage drop across each resistor in a

parallel circuit.
- In a parallel circuit, a charge does not pass through every resistor;
rather, it passes through a single resistor. Thus, the entire voltage drop
across that resistor must match the battery voltage.
- The supply voltage in a series circuit is equal to the sum of the
individual voltage drops.
- The voltage drop across a resistor in the series circuit is directly
propotional to the size of the resistor.
CONCLUSION:
From the experiment we have done, we can conclude that type of arrangement
determine the value of a variable resistor and a strong voltage electric current in
the circuit. In the series arrangement, serves as a resistor voltage divider, which
means if the voltage across each resistor is added together then the amount is
equal to the voltage source. Whereas if the resistors are arranged in parallel, it
serves as a divider resistor currents, which means that if a strong electric current
passing through each resistor is measured, it will have a value equal to the total
current before branching points.
The main discovery I learned from this lab was the right and wrong way to
measure current in a circuit. I first tried to measure the current across the circuit
instead through it. Immediately I realized the error, and with some help I was able
to figure out what was being done wrong. All my calculations and measured
values were generally pretty accurate as noted in Tables 1.

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MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

DJJ20053- ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY)

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

TITLE: PARALLEL CIRCUITS

OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lab session students should be able:

EQUIPMENTS : D.C. Voltage Supply, Digital Multimeter, Bread Board,

To obtain the current of a resistor Ri, use Ohm’s law

Figure2. Series-Parallel Circuit

2. Set a power supply to provide a DC Voltage of 5 V to the circuit.

3. Use the voltmeter to measure the voltage drops across

4. Use the ammeter meter measure the current flow

5. The obtained results are to be filled in Table 1.

Table 1 Measured and Calculated Currents and Voltages

R1=200Ω I1= 6.19mA I1= 6.20mA VR1 = 1.24V VR1 = 1.24V

R2=400Ω I2 = 6.19mA I2 = 6.20mA VR2 = 2.47V VR2 = 2.48V

R3=300Ω I3 = 4.29mA I3 = 4.30mA VR3= 1.29V VR3= 1.29V

R4=680Ω I4 = 1.89mA I4 = 1.90mA VR4= 1.29V VR4= 1.29V

- The battery voltage is equal to voltage drop across each resistor in a

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