4038 - Electrical Computer Aided Drafting Lab

ELECTRICL COMPUTER
AIDED DRAFTING LAB (4038)
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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING LAB DEPARTMENT OF EEE
TOPICS PAGE NO.
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING 03
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BASIC DIAGRAM 17
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XLPE CABLE 20
PIN INSULATER 23
DC LAP WINDING
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DC WAVE WINDING 30
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DOL STARTER 33
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STAR DELTA STARTER 36

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UN-BIFURCATED WINDING 39
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AC MUSH WINDING 42
AC LAP WINDING 45
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MA’DIN Polytechnic college 2

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING:

The method of preparing engineering drawing by using the computer software is known
as Computer Aided Drafting (CAD). The CADD stands for Computer Aided Design and
Drafting. The preparation of engineering drawing with the help of a drawing board, a
minidrafter, set squares, dividers, compasses and other instruments is a laborious process.
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Computer-aided drafting helps in preparing drawing without the use of the usual drawing
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instruments. The CAD software is based on interactive computer graphic (ICG). In ICG, the
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user enters the data in to the computer in the form of commands using input devices and the
data is used by the software to create or modify graphics. ICG enables enlargement, reduction,
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copying and rotation of graphic and offered a lot of other flexibilities as per the need of the
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designer. This way far less time is required to prepare a drawing. The output can also be printed .
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COMPUTER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE:-
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The entire computer system may be broadly classified as hardware and software components.
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Hardware is set of all the physical components of a computer system such as the case and the
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monitor, and any part you can see and touch.

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Software is a set of electronic instructions for the computer that makes the hardware perform
certain tasks. The set of instructions is known as a program. The two major types of software’s
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are operating system soft ware (Windows, Ms Dos ect.) and Application software ( Auto Cad,
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MS-Office etc.).
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I. ADVANTAGES OF USING CAD
1. Accuracy: CAD helps to achieve very high degree of accuracy that is impossible to achieve
manually. For example, a line 18.532mm long or an angle of 53.27 0 can be precisely drawn in
CAD software.

2. Speed: With sufficient practice, a user can create drawing speedily. Similar objects can be
copied or mirrored or arrayed which saves time required from duplication. Automatic hatching,
texting and dimensioning save time.
3. Easy Editing: Drawing once constructed can be easily edited or modified as and when
needed. Components drawing forms one drawing file can be inserted in another drawing file.
4. Space effectiveness: A computer can store several thousand drawing over long period of
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time. Equal number of drawing sheets drawing sheets drawn manually will need a big go down
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to store!
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5. Scaling: A drawing can enlarged or reduced by any scale factor. Dimensions changed
automatically further, printing can be made to any scale.
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6. Better visualization: Use different colours helps avoiding confusion . A 3D view of the
object can be easily created to boost imagination.
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7. Freedom from using Drawing instruments: A simple CAD system needs a
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computer with a mouse and keyboard to draw. The draftsman need not use
bulky drawing instruments like drawing board, drafter, set square, ect.
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II. APPLICATION OF CAD

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1. Preparing Architectural drawing

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2. Interior design and modeling

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3. Tool and fixture design.

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4. Production planning and control.

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5. Preparing of assembly list and bill of material.

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6. Computer aided inspection.
7. Preparation of programs for CNC machine.
8. Circuit layout and panel drawing.
9. Mapping, Building, Drawing.

10. Communication network.
11. Piping and instrumentation designing.
12. Computer aided manufacturing
I. CAD PACKAGES
Some of the commonly used packages are:
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1. Auto Cad
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2. Electrical Cad
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3. 3DS-max
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4. STADD
5. PRO-Engineer
6. IDEAS.
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7. Mechanical desktop.
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SOFTWARE FOR CAD
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Auto cad is one of the following CAD system software introduced in DEC 1982
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July by Autodesk Ltd. Sausalito, California of USA. The latest one is auto cad 2011 released in
2010.The entire auto cad drawing created by using the old version can be read by the
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subsequent version.
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AUTO CAD AN OVERVIEW

Auto cad created by Autodesk is the most widely used technical drawing program
anywhere with more than 2.4 million registered users. AutoCAD is the fifth largest software
company in the world.
DRAWING EDITOR
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A typical auto cad drawing editor is shown in the figure. Auto CADD windows
screen .The element of the AutoCAD Drawing editor are.
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1. Drawing name
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2. Menu bar
3. Tool bar
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4. Graphic area
5. UCS icon
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6. Cursor
7. Screen menu.
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8. Horizontal and vertical scroll bar.
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9. Command and prompt area.

10.Status bar.
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UCS ICON
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WCS is the short form from of world co-ordinate system. This system represents
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X, Y and Z co-ordinates. X-axis is taken positive towards right, Y-axis is taken positive towards
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top and Z-axis is perpendicular to the screen. UCS is short form of User co-ordinate system.
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UCS is displayed two styles. They are 2D STYLE and 3D STYLE.

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SETTING LIMITS OF A DRAWING.

Drawing limits represents the boundaries of the drawing LIMIT command is used to set
drawing boundaries.
Assume that the word, command: appear at the command prompt area. Type LIMIT at
the command prompt area using keyboard and the Enter key now the command prompt area
appears as shown below. Command: LIMITS 
SETTTING UNIT OF A DRAWING:

Unit command is used to set the units of measure. Angle measurement, direction and precision.
Assume that the word command, direction and precision. Assume that the command: appears at
the prompt area. Type units at the command prompt area by using keyboard and press the enter
key now the command prompt area appears as:
Command: UNITS 
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Drafting setting
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Drafting setting include the commands for initial setting of a drawing .some of the drawing
settings are Snap, Grid, Object snap, polar tracking and ortho. Modes.
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Grid:-
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GRID command is used to display a reference grid of dots with any desired spacing. This visual
display provides sense of the size of the drawing entities and their relationship.
Snap:-
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SNAP command is used to lock the movement of cross hair of the pointing device to the nearest
grid point.
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Object snap:-
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Object snap settings are used to pick a geometric point on an object. There are various options
for object snap settings such as End point, Midpoint, Center, Quadrant, Node, Intersection,
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perpendicular, tangent, Ect….
Ortho:-
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ORTHO command is used to constrain the movement of the cursor eight to horizontal or
vertical direction.
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Following are the functional keys in Auto CAD.

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1. F1- Help
2. F2- Text window
3. F3- Object snap ON/OFF
4. F4- tablet ON/OFF
5. F5- Isoplane ON/OFF
6. F6- Co-ordinates ON/OFF
7. F7- Grid ON/OFF

8. F8- Ortho ON/OFF
9. F9- Snap ON/OFF
10.F10- Polar tracking ON/OFF
11.F11- Object snap tracking ON/OFF
UTILITY COMMAND
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1. NEW
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Being a new drawing .The new command allows you to create a new drawing.
2. SAVE
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This command can be used to save an un named drawing.
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3. SAVE AS
This command request a file name, save and sets. The current drawing to a new file name .
4. HELP or [?]
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The Help or ‘?’ command can be used to find information about auto cad.
5. QUIT
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The quit command exit from Auto Cad.
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IMPORTANT COMMANDS IN CAD
DRAW TOOL BAR
1. Line
2. Construction line
3. Poly line
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4. Polygon
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5. Rectangle
6. Arc
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7. Circle
8. Spline
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9. Ellipse
10.Ellipse Arc
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11.Insert Bloke
12.Make Bloke
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13.Point
14.Hatch
15.Region
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16.Multiline Text
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LINE:- (L)
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Is the command used to draw line series of line segment by using Auto Cad.
Command Line 
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Command Column:- specify first point (here specify the starting point of the line).
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Specify next point (here specify next point of line)

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There are four options for drawing a line. They are

1. Absolute Co-ordinates option.
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2. Relative Co-ordinates.
3. Polar Co-ordinates.
4. Direct distance entry option.

CONSTRUCTION LINE:- (XL)
Lines that extend to infinity, such as xlines, can be used to create construction and
reference lines, and for trimming boundaries.
Command XL
POLY LINE:- (PL)
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A polyline is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar object. And by
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this, you can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a combination of the two.
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At least two points must be specified to use the Close option.
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Command PL
POLYGON:- (POL)
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A polygon of sides from 3 to 1024 numbers can be drawn by clicking icon polygon.
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Command:- polygon enter number of sides<4>: (here specify number of side)
Command POL
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RECTANGLE:- (REC)
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With this command, you can specify the rectangle parameters (length, width, rotation)
and control the type of corners (fillet, chamfer, or square).
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Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: Specify a point or

enter an option
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Command REC
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ARC:- (A)
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This command is used to draw an arc by using Auto CAD.

Command: - ARC specify start point of arc or (center):
(Click start point)
Specify Second point of an arc or (center/end):
(Click second point)
Specify end point of arc :( click end point) Command A

CIRCLE: – (C)
This command is used to draw a circle by using Auto Cad.
Command: - specify center point of circle for (3p/2p/Ttr (Tan tan radius))
Located the center point by using the cursor.
Specify radius of the circle or (diameter): (here specify the radius of circle or type D for
entering diameter.)
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Command C
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ELLIPSE:- (ELI)
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By this Command we can create an ellipse.
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Defines the first axis by its two endpoints. The angle of the first axis determines the angle
of the ellipse. The first axis can define either the major or the minor axis of the ellipse.
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Command ELI HN
INSERT BLOCK:- (I)
By this Command we can insert a block or drawing. Specifies the name and position of the
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block or drawing to insert.

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The last block you insert during the current editing session becomes the default block for
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subsequent uses of INSERT. The position of the inserted block depends on the orientation of
the UCS.
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Command ELI
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MAKE BLOCK:- (B)

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Block command is used to create a block of objects and we can insert in to the drawing when it
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requires.
Specifies the objects to include in the new block and whether to retain or delete the
selected objects or convert them to a block instance after you create the block.
Specify On-Screen :
Prompts you to specify the objects when the dialog box is closed.

Select Objects
Closes the Block Definition dialog box temporarily while you select the objects for the
block. When you finish selecting objects, press Enter to redisplay the Block Definition
dialog box.
Quick Select :
Displays the Quick Select dialog box, which defines a selection set.
Retain :
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Retains the selected objects as distinct objects in the drawing after you create the block.
Convert to Block :
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Converts the selected objects to a block instance in the drawing after you create the
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block.
Delete :
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Deletes the selected objects from the drawing after you create the block.
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Objects Selected :
Displays the number of selected objects.
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Command B
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POINT:- (PO)
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Point command is used to create specified points in deferent styles to the drawing
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Command PO
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HATCH:- (H)
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Hatching is filling of a specified and enclosed area of a drawing with a predefine or user
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define pattern. HATCH is the command used for hatching the objects.
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Command H
TEXT:- (T)
Text command is used for entering the related details on a drawing by using Auto Cad.
There are two types of text command, Multiline text and Single line text.
Command T

MODIFY TOOL BAR
ERASE :-(E)
Erase command is used to remove the selected objects from a drawing.
COPY:-(CO)
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Copy command is used to create one or more copies of selected objects.
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MIRROR:- (MI)
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Mirror command is used to create mirror image of an object or objects.
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OFFSET:-(O)
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Offset command is used to create a new object ,which has shape of the object to be selected.
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ARRAY:- (AR)
Array command is used to create multiple copies of an object or objects in a rectangular or

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circular pattern.
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MOVE :-(M)
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Move command is used to move an object or objects from a position to any required
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position,without changing their size.
ROTATE:- (RO)
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Rotate command is used to rotate an object through any specified angle about its base.
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SCALE :(SC)
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Scale command is used to change the size of an object according to a scale factor. If the scale
factor is greater than one, the object is enlarged and if it is less than one, the object is in reduced
size.
TRIM:-(TR)
Trim command is used to cut and remove any drawn line at any required point.

EXTEND :-(EX)
Extend command is used to extend an object up to the specified limit.
BREAK :-(BR)
Break command is used to erases parts of an object between two points.
CHAMFER :-(CHA)
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Chamfer command is used to join two non-parallel lines by drawing a beveled line at a distance.
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FILLET :(F)
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Fillet command is used to join two non-parallel lines,a line and an arc ,circles, polylines with
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an arc of specified radius.
EXPLODE :(X)
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Explode command is used to split compound objects like polyline,block,multiline,text etc.
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EXPT NO:
DATE:
BASIC DIAGRAM
AIM:-
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To draw and modify simple geometrical figure with CAD tools.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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Line , Circle, Trim, Offset , Dimension
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PROCEDURE:- HN
1. Open AutoCAD from desktop
2. Set the drawing limits by clicking, FORMAT  DRAWING LIMITS [LIMITS ]
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from menu bar. and set the required values for both lower and upper limits.
3. Then click on VIEW MENU  ZOOM  ZOOM ALL to get enlarged view.
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[Z  A ]
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4. Set the units and precision from the format menu by clicking FORMAT  UNITS
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[UN ]
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5. Click on the LINE [L ] from the draw toolbar and drawn the horizontal and
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vertical line.
6. To change the properties of LINE
Click on line type control from properties toolbar. And click on other .then load the
required line type from line type manger.then select the line and change it in to the
required line type.
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7. Click on the OFFSET [O ] command from modify toolbar and enter the offset
distance, press enter key and select the object.
8. Select CIRCLE [C  ] command from the draw toolbar , then pick the center point
and enter the radius.
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9. .Click on the TRIM [TR  ] command from the modify toolbar to remove the drawn
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line at required point.
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10.Finally the outer dimensions are shown by clicking dimensions from the menu bar and
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give the required dimensions.[DLI & DCO]
11.The drawings have saved by clicking FILE SAVE
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RESULT:-
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Draw and modified simple geographical figure using CAD tools.

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EXPT NO:
DATE:
XLPE CABLE
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AIM:-
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To draw cross sectional elevation of XLPE cable.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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Line , Circle, Polygon , Trim, Offset , Array ,
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PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
vertical line.

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required line type.
7. Click on the POLYGON [POL ] command from modify toolbar and enter the no of
sides of polygon.then specify the center of polygon and then select either inscribe or
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circumscribe circle option.then drawn the polygon for required size.
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and enter the radius.Use Tan Tan Tan method [DRAW MENU→CIRCLE→Tan Tan
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Tan] to draw the circle that touching 3 tangential points.
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10. Click on the ARRAY [AR] command from modify toolbar and select polar array.
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and select the object ,pick the center point for array, and enter the no of items in the array
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dialog box.
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11. Then by clicking on COPY [CO  ] ,MOVE [M  ] & ROTATE [RO  ]

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commands from the modify toolbar, at required places..

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12.11.Use multileader [MLD]for labeling.

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13. Click on FORMAT→MULTI LEADER STYLE to modify the leader.

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RESULT:-
Drawn cross sectional elevation of XLPE cable.

EXPT NO:
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PIN INSULATER
AIM:-
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To draw the half sectional elevation of pin insulater.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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Line , Circle, Trim, Offset ,Copy , Mirror , Fillet , Text , Hatch ,Dimension
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PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.

required line type.
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8. Click on the TRIM [TR  ] command from the modify toolbar to remove the drawn
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9. Then click on FILLET [F  ] command from the modify toolbar, enter the value of
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radius and select the object to be joined.
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commands from the modify toolbar, at required places.

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12. Select MIRROR [MI] command from the modify toolbar and select the required
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figure and mirror it into required side.
13. Select HATCH [H  ] from the draw toolbar for the shading the required areas at
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suitable scale.
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14. The related details on the drawings are mentioned by clicking the TEXT [T  ]
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Mtext from the draw toolbar.
15.Finally the outer dimensions are shown by clicking dimensions from the menu bar and
give the required dimensions.[DLI & DCO]

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RESULT:-
Drawn the half sectional elevation of pin insulater.
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EXPT NO:
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DC LAP WINDING
AIM:-
To develop a DC lap winding for a DC machine.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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Line , Trim, Offset ,Copy , Move , Fillet , Text , Hatch , Array
PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.
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required line type.

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12. Then click on ARRAY[AR] command from the modify toolbar and select
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rectangular array. Then select the object, pick the raw and column offset distane and enter
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the no of items in the array dialog box.
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suitable scale.
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15. Finally the outer dimensions are shown by clicking dimensions from the menu bar
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and give the required dimensions.[DLI & DCO]

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16. The drawings have saved by clicking FILE SAVE
RESULT:-
Drawn the DC lap winding for a DC machine.

EXPT NO:
DATE:
DC WAVE WINDING
AIM:-
To develop a DC wave winding for a DC machine.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.
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required line type.

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suitable scale.
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RESULT:-
Drawn the DC wave winding for a DC machine.

EXPT NO:
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DOL STARTER
AIM:-
To draw the line diagram of DOL starter.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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Line , Circle, Trim, Offset ,Copy , Move , Mirror , Fillet , Text , Hatch
PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.

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required line type from line type manger.then select the line and change it in to the required
line type.
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suitable scale.
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RESULT:-
Drawn the line diagram of DOL starter.

EXPT NO:
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STAR DELTA STARTER
AIM:-
To draw the line diagram of STAR DELTA starter.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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Line , Circle, Trim, Offset ,Copy , Move , Mirror , Fillet , Text , Hatch
PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.

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Click on line type control from properties toolbar. And click on other .then load the required
line type from line type manger.then select the line and change it in to the required line type.
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suitable scale.
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RESULT:-
Drawn the line diagram of STAR DELTA starter.

EXPT NO:
DATE:
UN-BIFURCATED WINDING
AIM:-
To draw concentric winding for 3 phase machine un-bifurcated with two plane overhang.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.
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required line type.

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suitable scale.
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RESULT:-
Drawn the diagram of un-bifurcated concentric winding with two plane overhang

EXPT NO:
DATE:
AC MUSH WINDING
AIM:-
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To develop AC mush winding for three phase machine.
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COMMANDS USED:-
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PROCEDURE:-

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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.
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required line type.

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suitable scale.
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RESULT:-
Developed the AC mush winding for 3 phase machine.

EXPT NO:
DATE:
AC LAP WINDING
AIM:-
To develop AC lap winding for three phase machine double layer full pitched.
COMMANDS USED:-
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PROCEDURE:-
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[Z  A ]
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[UN ]
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vertical line.
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required line type.

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suitable scale.
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RESULT:-
Devoloped the AC lap winding

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ELECTRICL COMPUTER

AIDED DRAFTING LAB (4038)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

TOPICS PAGE NO.

STAR DELTA STARTER 36

MA’DIN Polytechnic college 2

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING:

monitor, and any part you can see and touch.

I. ADVANTAGES OF USING CAD

MA’DIN Polytechnic college 3

II. APPLICATION OF CAD

1. Preparing Architectural drawing

2. Interior design and modeling

3. Tool and fixture design.

4. Production planning and control.

5. Preparing of assembly list and bill of material.

6. Computer aided inspection.

7. Preparation of programs for CNC machine.

8. Circuit layout and panel drawing.

9. Mapping, Building, Drawing.

MA’DIN Polytechnic college 4

10. Communication network.

11. Piping and instrumentation designing.

12. Computer aided manufacturing

Some of the commonly used packages are:

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AUTO CAD AN OVERVIEW

9. Command and prompt area.

UCS is displayed two styles. They are 2D STYLE and 3D STYLE.

SETTING LIMITS OF A DRAWING.

SETTTING UNIT OF A DRAWING:

perpendicular, tangent, Ect….

Following are the functional keys in Auto CAD.

7. F7- Grid ON/OFF

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IMPORTANT COMMANDS IN CAD

DRAW TOOL BAR

Specify next point (here specify next point of line)

There are four options for drawing a line. They are

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CONSTRUCTION LINE:- (XL)

POLY LINE:- (PL)

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: Specify a point or

This command is used to draw an arc by using Auto CAD.

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This command is used to draw a circle by using Auto Cad.

block or drawing to insert.

MAKE BLOCK:- (B)

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MODIFY TOOL BAR

Erase command is used to remove the selected objects from a drawing.

Array command is used to create multiple copies of an object or objects in a rectangular or

position,without changing their size.

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Extend command is used to extend an object up to the specified limit.

Break command is used to erases parts of an object between two points.