“But seek first his kingdom 

and his righteousness, and all

Matthew 6:33

PHYSICAL
EDUCATION AND
HEALTH
SHS12
 PHYSICAL EDUCATION
AND HEALTH 12

Safety Practices
SIR. GERONE JON M.
CATUMBER
In this module, you will learn the following
competencies:
 understand the value of safety practices;
 administer Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR);
 observe personal safety protocol to avoid injuries in
participating with water-based activity; and
 enumerate the safety measures and tips as a way of
preventing accidents.
Activity 1: Q&A
What should one do when faced with a medical emergency situation?
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Activity 2: Watch and Comment
Post a comment about the video I shared on our
Facebook group and use the question below as guide for
answering.
1.What is it important to practice safety?
2.Why is it necessary to apply safety practices in our home,
workplace, school and anywhere?
3.Why is the first aid important?
 Panic is the worst enemy of any
emergency situation. It even makes a
bad situation worse, as this spreads
to others as well. It does not allow
one to think. In fact, it even hinders or
interferes with rational thinking and
causes confusion. So, the first thing to
do in an emergency situation is to
stay calm. Then, try to remember and
apply the DRSABC action plan or
flow.
 Danger
Danger – always check
the danger to you, any
bystanders and then the
injured or ill person. Make sure
you do not put yourself in
danger when going to the
assistance of another person.
Response
Response – is the
person conscious? Do
they respond when you
talk to them, touch their
hands or squeeze their
shoulder?
Send for help
Send for help – 911 for
Government 143 NGO.
Don’t forget to answer
the questions asked by
the operator.
Airway Airway – Is the person’s airway clear? Is
the person breathing?
•If the person is responding, they are conscious
and their airway is clear, assess how you can
help them with any injury.
•If the person is not responding and they are
unconscious, you need to check their airway by
opening their mouth and having a look inside. If
their mouth is clear, tilt their head gently back
(by lifting their chin) and check for breathing. If
the mouth is not clear, place the person on their
side, open their mouth and clear the contents,
then tilt the head back and check for breathing.
Breathing
Breathing – check for breathing by looking
for chest movements (up and down). Listen
by putting your ear near to their mouth and
nose. Feel for breathing by putting your hand
on the lower part of their chest. If the person
is unconscious but breathing, turn them onto
their side, carefully ensuring that you keep
their head, neck and spine in alignment.
Monitor their breathing until you hand over to
the ambulance officers.
CPR
(cardiopulmonary
resuscitation)
How is cardio pulmonary resuscitation
administered?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR) is a lifesaving technique
that is administered when
breathing and heartbeat of a
person stopped, such as
during a heart attack and
drowning.
 CPR involves the CAB process that stands for compression
(restoration of blood circulation), airways (clearing of airway), and
breathing (breathe for the person).
In administering first aid, it is important to know when to use
CPR. If there is no breathing and no pulse is felt, administer the
CPR cycle – 30 compressions, then two breaths until help
arrives. In administering CPR or compression, the following must
be done:
1. Put the person on his or her back on a firm surface.
2. Locate hand position for compression by drawing an
imaginary line from armpit to center chest for hand
placement.
3. Place heel of one hand on the lower part of the
breastbone.
4. Put other hand over the first, interlacing your fingers
for support.
5. With straight arms and shoulder positioned over the
victim’s chest, push down on the victim’s chest. For
adult victims, push it down for 2 inches or 5cm deep.
6. Give 30 compressions in 18 seconds or less (rate of
100 compressions in one minute) and let chest rise
completely between compressions.
7. After 30 compressions, give two recue breaths.
8. Repeat cycle until help arrives or when there are
signs of movement.
In checking for pulse of the victim, put two fingers on the center of the neck
then slide finger down to the side of the victim’s neck up to the nudge
between muscles. When pulse is felt but no signs of breathing, administer
one rescue breathing every five seconds and recheck pulse every two
minutes. In rescue breathing, do the following: 
1.Gently tilt the victim’s forehead back with one hand.
2.Tilt the victim’s chin using the other hand; this will open the victim’s
airways.
3.Pinch the nose close then cover the victim’s mouth with your mouth.
Blow life-giving air to the victim. Watch for the chest rise; if it does not rise
then reposition and perform the rescue breathing all over again.
Aquatic Hazards and
Drowning
The underwater is such a wonderful place to explore. However, it can be
home also to some aquatic creatures that may pose some hazards to people.
Some aquatic hazards are follows:
1. Jellyfish/Portuguese Man-of-
War/Fire Corals
People stung by jellyfish or fire corals will experience swelling burning, and severe pain When stung, one
must:
Get the person first out of the water.
To stop the stinging:
a.Wash the area with seawater (not fresh water) to deactivate stinging cells.
b.Rinse the area with vinegar for at least 30 seconds. If vinegar is not available, a solution of baking soda can
be used. This will deactivate sting cells.
c.Next, soak the area in hot water for at least 20 minutes if possible. Cold pack can be used instead if the
area cannot be soaked in hot water.
d.To relieve itching and swelling, use mild hydrocortisone cream or oral antihistamine.
 Bring to the nearest medical facility if the person exhibits severe allergic reaction or if
the sting covers more than half an arm or leg. If the sting also came from a box
jellyfish, then the person needs to be brought to the hospital immediately. The victim
may suffer from intense pain and experience swelling. Box jellyfish sting can be fatal.
2. Sea Urchin/Weever Fish
 Sea urchin puncture and weever fish
stings are treated in a similar way.
 Remove large spines carefully with
tweezers.
 Scrub wound with soap and rinse with
fresh water.
 Do not close the wound with tape.
 Call for urgent medical attention if severe
allergic reactions are observed.
 3. Stingray
 You should immediately call a lifeguard and seek speedy
medical help as there is no antidote for stingray venom .
While waiting for ambulance, do the following first aid.
 To control the pain, immerse the affected area in hot
water. (as hot as can be tolerated without a burning skin)
for 30 - 90 minutes.
 Any large spines should be carefully removed from
wound using tweezers (avoid touching the spine with
bare hands) Spines embedded in or near joints or
tendons must be assessed and spines may need to be
surgically removed.
 Clean wound using soap and fresh water, do not cover
wound.
  Call for help before beginning these important first aid emergency
Drowning measures.
 Turn the drowning person’s head to the side to allow any water to
drain from his or her mouth and nose. Turn the head back to the
center.
 Check for breathing and pulse. If both are not present, perform
CPR.
 Give two rescue breaths in the mouth of the person as you pinch
his or her nose. This helps air get past any water that is clogging
the breathing passageways and the lungs. After four strong
breaths, put your ears near the mouth to listen and watch chest
for signs of breathing.
 Check pulse and repeat cycle if there is no pulse until emergency
personnel arrive.
 It is important to bring victim to a hospital even if he/she started
breathing, there might be complications resulting from the water
exposure such as pneumonia, infections, etc.