FC-34  2

[Materials]
Varieties and Applications 1

1.General Steel Materials 3.Aluminum Alloy Materials

Type Material Code Applications Comment JIS Flat Bar Square Bar Hexagonal Bar Round Bar Steel Plate Section Steel Type Material Code Applications Comment JIS Flat Bar Square Bar Hexagonal Bar Round Bar Section Steel
Rolled Steel for
General Structure SS400 General Machine Parts Fine Workability and Weldability JIS G 3101 Good Good Good Good Good Al−Cu Free-Cutting Alloy. It excels in machinability
A2011 General-Use Strength Materials but has worse corrosion resistance. Good
Alloy
Excellent Precision and Surface
Polished Steel Bar Al−Cu
SS400D General Machine Parts Roughness. Ready for use − Good Good Good Good A2017 General-Use Strength Materials High Strength and Machinability Duralumin Good Good Good
(Cold-Drawn) directly after slight cutting. Alloy
Al−M General Machine Most typical aluminum alloy with medium strength.
it for Hardening A5052 With high fatigue strength in comparison with its Good Good
S45C Tensile Strength 58kgf/mm2 Alloy Parts Covers, cases, etc. strength and high corrosion resistance to seawater.
Carbon Steel for
Machine Structural Use General Machine Parts JIS G 4051 Good Good Good Good Good Al−M It has fine machined surface and high corrosion
Fit for Hardening A5056 General Machine Parts resistance to seawater. It has fine machined surface JIS H 4000 Good
S50C Alloy and high corrosion resistance to seawater.
Tensile Strength 66kgf/mm2
For Drill Rod(Round Bar)SK4 Al−M −Si Heat-treated corrosion resisting alloy.
SK4 Good Good A6061 General Machine Parts High durability owing to T6 treatment. Good Good
surface-finished after cold drawing. Alloy
Carbon Tool Steel Shafts, Pins, etc. Class 7(−DG7)=h7 JIS G 4401 Al−M −Si General Machine Weaker than 6061, but more extrudable. Applicable
SK5 Class 8(−DG8)=h8 Good Good Good A6063 to complex cross-sections shapes. Good corrosion
Parts and Structural Material resistance and surface treatment. Good Good Good
Class 9(−DG9)=h9.
Alloy
Al−Zn−M It is one of the strongest aluminum alloys but has
SKS93 Alloy A7075 Jigs and Dies Good
worse corrosion resistance. Extra Super Duralumin
Alloy Tool Steel Deformation caused by Hardening
Hardening Parts is much less than that of SK material. JIS G 4404 Good Good Good
SKS3 JIS Acronyms for Non-Ferrous Metal
P Plate, Strip, Disk TW Welded Tube
SCM435 Tensile Strength 70kgf/mm2, PC Laminate TWA Arc-Welded Tube
Chrome General machine parts Tensile Strength after Hardening BE Extruded Bar S Extruded Section
Molybdenum Steel SCM415 requiring strength. & tempering:95 kgf/mm2 or JIS G 4105 Good Good Good Good Good
Screws, etc. more. Hardness:HB270 or more. BD Drawn Bar BR Riveted Bar
Hardening:HRC50 or more. W Drawn Wire FD Die-Forged Part
SCM420
TE Seamless Extruded Tube FH Frce-Forged Part
Made of carbon steel plus TD Seamless Drawn Tube
SUM21 sulfur to enhance machinability.
Sulfuric and Sulfur
General Machine parts
Compound Free SUM22L
(Free-Cutting steel) Free-Cutting Steel
JIS G 4804 Good Good Good Quality Codes for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys
Cutting Steel
containing sulfur and lead. Code Definition Description
SUM24L
F Plain Manufactured Material Completed as a product, without any order for thermal refining. Extruded or forged material,
High Carbon SUJ2 Roller bearings, etc. Bearing Steel JIS G 4805 Good not thermally refined.
Chrome Bearing Steel
H112 Wrought material, for which certain mechanical properties are guaranteed without the need of hardening.
Rolled at an almost ambient temperature. Brought into the softest state by Completely re-crystallized by annealing. A thermally treated alloy should be cooled at a temperature
Cold-Rolled High dimensional precision and fair texture. O
SPCC Covers, cases, etc. JIS G 3141 Good annealing. below the annealing temperature to prevent the effect of annealing completely.
Steel Plate Fine machinability. Easy to bend, wring and cut.
Fine Weldability. H1n Hardened by cold working.
n is a numeral from 1 to 9, representing the degree of hardening. 8 represents hard material, and "4"
H H2n Hardened and then properly softened by heat. represents the state halfway 1/2 between 0 and hard material. 2 represents the level halfway
Hot-Rolled Steel Plate SPHC General machine Plates for general use are JIS G 3131 Good between 0 and 1/2 hardness, and "6" the state halfway between 1/2 hardness and hard material.
structural parts. 6 mm or less in thickness. H3n Stabilized after cold working.

2. Stainless Steel Materials T1 Cooled after high-temperature working Quenched at the end of a cold working process and allowed to age and harden at ambient temperature.Extruded material
is typical material processed in this way. Cold working such as correction may be conducted unless it affects the strength.
and then allowed to age naturally. Used for an alloy such as 6063, for which the effect of quenching can be realized by cooling after hot working(extrusion).
Type Material Code Applications Comment Magnetism JIS Flat Bar Square Bar Hexagonal Bar Round Bar Steel Plate Section Steel
Allowed to age naturally after solution Cold working is conducted for plates, rods, tubes, etc. to enhance the strength in some cases, and
Austenite SUS303 Machine parts 18-8 Free-Cutting Stainless Steel, Non- None† Good Good T3 to improve the corrective dimension precision in other cases, with an obvious effect. T361 when
requiring antirusting Magnetic. More Machinable than SUS304 treatment and cold working. cold working is performed to a higher degree than that for T3.
Austenite SUS304 Machine parts Most Versatile Antirusting and Heat-
None† Good Good Good Good Good Good Cold working is conducted to enhance the strength after solution treatment, and then it is tension
requiring antirusting Resisting Steel for General Use T351 Allowed to age naturally after solution
treatment and cold working. processed to give 1.5%to 3%permanent distortion to remove residual tension, and allowed to age naturally.
Machine parts More resisting to seawater and other
Austenite SUS316 None† JIS G 4303~ Good Good Good
requiring antirusting media than SUS304. Aging is usually completed after exposure to ambient temperature for approx. 4 days. In the case of 7NO1,
T4 Natural aging after solution treatment however, aging is a longer process. The tensile property upon the elapse of one month is adopted as
Martensite SUS440C Machine parts requiring antirusting Fit for Hardening. Available Good referential data.The variety that is given T4 treatment by a user under specified conditions is called T42.
(Less corrosion resistant than austenite.)
T5 Hardened through artificial aging after Hardened through artificial aging to improve the mechanical properties and stabilize the dimensions. Used for an alloy
Martensite SUS410 Machine parts requiring antirusting high-temperature processing and quenching or casting such as 6063, for which the effect of quenching can be realized by cooling after hot working(extrusion).
(Less corrosion resistant than austenite.) Fit for Hardening. Fine Machinability. Available
Good
Hardened through artificial aging Excellent strength can be attained for a thermally treated alloy without cold working in the typical heat
†Martensite exhibits magnetic properties. Machining of Austenite may cause magnetic properties. T6
after solution treatment. treatment process. An item that is given T6 treatment by a user under specified conditions is called T62.
<Reference:Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel> T Wrought Materials:
SS400 SUS440C SUS304 SUS316 †G−STAR
Hardened through artificial aging Quenched with lukewarm water to prevent distortion due to the main hardening.
  Testing Method T61 after solution treatment by
quenching with lukewarm water. The
conditions for hardening through artificial aging are adjusted to attain strength exceeding that
Conforms to the JIS H 8502 Cycle Test
Casting:Tempered after hardening accomplished by regular T6 treatment.
Method as a complex corrosion test Before test
Overaging surpassing those needed for hardening through artificial aging is carried out to attain
T7 Stabilized after solution treatment the maximum strength, because special properties are adjusted somewhat at the expense of strength.
  Test Conditions
T73 Overaging after solution treatment. Overaging after solution treatment to rectify the tendency to crack due to corrosion under stress.
(1) Salt water spray test(5%NaCI. 35˚C) 2hr Specified in 7075, forgings, of JIS.
(2) Drying(60˚C) 4hr 48hr Overaging after removal of residual stress by compression to retain 1%to 5%permanent deformation
(3) Wetting(95%RH. 35˚C) 2hr T7352 Overaging after removal of residual
stress after solution treatment. subsequent to solution treatment, in order to rectify the tendency to crack due to corrosion under stress.
Included in free-forged part, 7075.
One cycle takes 8 hr.
Hardened through artificial aging Cold working performed, with a noticeable effect, to improve the mechanical properties or to rectify
T8 after cold working subsequent drawbacks or improve dimension precision. Called T83 when the sectional area is reduced 3%through
Appearance of test piece 48 hr, 168 hr before test. to solution treatment. cold working. CalledT86 when the reduction rate is 6%. These procedures are performed to enhance the strength.
168hr
Cold working after hardening through
T9 artificial aging subsequent to Cold working is necessary to enhance the strength.
solution treatment.
2859 †G-STAR is martensite stainless steel (pre-hardened steel) manufactured by the Daido Special Steel Co., Ltd. 2860

FC-34-1_E+.indd 2859-2860 08.4.23 11:01:40 AM