Cpmt-Mother Tongue-Based Bilingual Education

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Educ6: Content and Pedagogy for the Mother Tongue (CPMT)

CHAPTER5: Models of MTBMLE


Topic: MOTHER TONGUE-BASED BILINGUAL EDUCATION

Bilingual Education is an education that includes both Mother Tongue and


second language education. Mother Tongue – Bilingual Education is when students
have access to both education in their Mother Tongue and the second language. It is
important that Mother Tongue as the main language of instruction is taught as such for
the first 5 years at least, while the second language might be introduced as a second
language (with the appropriate methodology and well trained educators) during this
period.

DEFENITION OF THE MOTHER TONGUE, SECOND LANGUAGE AND FOREIGN


LANGUAGE

MOTHER TONGUE (L1)


Mother tongue (l1) Language(s) one learns first, identifies with, and/or is
identified by others as a native speaker of; sometimes also the language that one
is most competent in or uses most. There may be a change of mother tongue
during a person’s lifetime according to all other criteria except the first. A person
may have two or more mother tongues (“bilingualism/multilingualism as a mother
tongue”). Indigenous or minority mother tongues are sometimes called heritage
languages (often when children do not know them well) or home languages
(implying that they are/should not be used for official purposes).

 Second language (L2)


Is the language learned after acquiring the mother tongue, or learned and
used in the environment, often in addition to school (as opposed to foreign
language).

 Foreign language
Is the language(s) learned mainly in the classroom, for reading texts
and/or communication with its speakers (e.g., English in Bolivia, Chinese in
Mozambique, German in Nicaragua or French in Ghana etc.)

Mother tongue-based bilingual education is a common type of bilingual education


outside of the Philippines where two languages are used for instruction and one of the
language is the MT of the learners. Generally, L1 is used as the primary language of
instruction while L2 is taught as a subject through elementary school. Later, students
develop transition into L2 instruction in some of the academic classes. This aim to
develop both languages for academic, biliteracy and learning, and thus MT teaching
continues through a least six years of schooling.
MOTHER TONGUE – BILINGUAL EDUCATION HAS A RELATIVELY WEAK
STATUS AS A RIGHT
The weak status of Mother Tongue – Bilingual Education is in part grounded in
power holders’ lack of political will to invest the necessary resources in quality education
and, on the other hand, in the fact that only a few people are aware of its positive effects
on learning, self-esteem and intercultural understanding. This knowledge is often not
available to learners themselves, nor to parents, educators, decision makers and
education planners. In the following, a number of advantages of Mother Tongue –
Bilingual Education are highlighted.
 MOTHER TONGUE - BILINGUAL EDUCATION AS A MEANS TO IMPROVING
CHILDREN’S LEARNING AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

 MOTHER TONGUE - BILINGUAL EDUCATION AS A MEANS TO EFFECTIVE


LEARNING OF AND IN THE SECOND LANGUAGE

 MOTHER TONGUE - BILINGUAL EDUCATION AS A MEANS OF


EMPOWERING VULNERABLE GROUPS AND GIRLS AND WOMEN

 MOTHER TONGUE - BILINGUAL EDUCATION AS A MEANS OF


EMPOWERING INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES

 MOTHER TONGUE - BILINGUAL EDUCATION AS A MEANS TO CULTURAL


AWARENESS AND SELF-WORTH

 MOTHER TONGUE - BILINGUAL EDUCATION FOR DEMOCRATIC


DEVELOPMENT

 MOTHER TONGUE - BILINGUAL EDUCATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF


INDIGENOUS/LOCAL LANGUAGES

Without Mother Tongue - Bilingual Education, Quality Education for All will neither be
achievable nor desirable.
• Not achievable because the many children still out of school, (especially the girls)
will not be reached when education is available only in a language that is foreign
to most of the rural, marginalised populations.

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