Chapter 2 - The Environment and Corporate Culture

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Chapter 2

The Environment and Corporate


Culture
The External Environment
• The elements of the world constantly change
• Environment encompasses far-reaching global changes

• General Environment:
• Outer layer that directly affects organization

• Task Environment:
• Sectors that conduct transactions with the organization

• Internal Environment:
• Elements within the organization boundaries
The General Environment
General Environment: International
• Globalization influences all other aspects of the external environment
• New competitors, customers, suppliers
• Changes in social, technological and economic trends

• All organizations must compete and think globally

• Economic power has shifted to China and India

• The global environment is complex and ever-changing


General Environment: Technological
• Technology has created massive changes for organizations

• Technology has become the tool for doing business

• Advances are impacting organizations and managers


General Environment: Sociocultural
• Demographic characteristics, norms, customs, and values

• The Hispanic population is expected to increase 188%

• Generation Y is flooding the workplace with new demands

• Single-father households are the fastest-growing type of living arrangement

• Aging workforce demographics are changing all over the world


General Environment: Economic
• Economic health of the country/region
• Extended globally with uncertainty

• Consumer buying power

• Merger and acquisition opportunity

• Growth in the small business sector


• Significant portion of U.S. economy
General Environment: Legal-Political
• Government regulation; state, local and federal
• Political activities
• Government agencies and regulation

• Managers must recognize the power of pressure groups


• Work to influence companies to behave socially responsible
General Environment: Natural
• Organizations must be sensitive to the environment
• Plants, animals, rocks and natural resources

• The natural dimension does not have a voice of its own

• Environmental groups advocate action/policy


• Reduce pollution
• Develop renewable energy
• Climate change/global warming
Task Environment

 Customers

 Competitors

 Suppliers

 Labor Market
External Environment and Uncertainty
Adapting to the Environment

 Boundary-spanning roles

 Interorganizational partnerships

 Mergers/joint ventures

 Shift from adversarial orientation


to partnership orientation
The Shift to a Partnership Paradigm
The Internal Environment: Corporate Culture
Corporate culture is the set of key values, beliefs,
understandings, and norms that members of an
organization share

 Symbols

 Stories

 Heroes

 Slogans

 Ceremonies
Levels of Corporate Culture
Environmentally Adaptive Versus
Unadaptive Corporate Cultures
Four Types of Corporate Cultures
Shaping Corporate Culture for
Innovative Response
• Corporate culture plays a key role in organization climate

• Successful companies balance culture and performance


Combining Culture and Performance
Cultural Leadership
 Articulate a vision for the organizational culture that employees can believe in.

 Heeds the day-to-day activities that reinforce the cultural vision.

Leaders communicate through words and actions.

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