REPORTED SPEECH ( CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT )

.1 Commands : Câu mê ̣nh lê ̣nh

Khẳng định : S + told / asked + some one + to do sth
“ open the books” the teacher said to us.
 The teacher told us to open the books.
Phủ định S + told / asked + some one + not to do sth
“ Don’t talk in class ,” the teacher said
 The teacher told us not to talk in class .
 Một số động từ tương tự như tell ( told ) : ordered ( ra lê ̣nh) , forced ( bắt buô ̣c ) , begged (nài nỉ ) ., dùng tương
tự
(Nhớ luôn dùng Tân ngữ sau cácđô ̣ng từ trên )
 Nhớ đổi đại từ nhân xưng trong câu trực tiếp cho hợp lý :
1 - Ngôi thứ I ( me , us…. )  Ngôi thứ III ( him /her /it , them… )
Helen said to her boy friend : ‘ Phone me at 7 am.”
Helen told her boy friend to phone her at 7am .
2 - Ngôi thứ III : he ( him /her /it ,them )  giữ nguyên
“Sing it again ,” he said  He told her to sing it again
3 - Ngôi thứ II ( you)  đổi theo tân ngữ sau said
” Help your mother , “Mr.Pit said to Peter
Mr Pit told Peter to help his mother .
Exercise 1 : Change into reported speech
1. “Come to see us .” Henry said to his mother .
2. Helen said to her husband : ‘Find a better job .”
3. She said to Jim : “ Don’t open the safe,”
4. She said to Jim : “ Don’t drink too much”
5. “ Switch off the TV ,” he said to her .
6. “Shut the door ,Tom “ she said .
7. “ Lend me your pen for a moment ,” I said to Mary .
8. “Don’t watch late - night horror movies “ I said to them.
9. “ Please fill up the form ,” the secretary said to him.
10. “ Don’t hurry , “ I said .
11. “ Don’t touch the switch , Mary “ I said.
12. “Don’t make so much noise , children . “ he said
13. “Buy a new car , “ I told him .
14. “ Don’t miss your train ,”she said to them.
15. “ Come to see the cinema with me ,” he said to her .
2 Statements : (câu kể )

S1 +said
S1 + told + some one (that ) + S2 + V2

Eg.
1. She said to him ,” I am glad to see you here . “
She told him (that ) she was glad to see him there.
2. “ We have moved into our new house, “ said Mrs. White
Mrs White said ( that ) they had moved into their new house.
3. She said to him ,” The taxi is coming now . “
She told him (that ) the taxi was coming then.
4. "I ‘ll take these with me”,he said.
He said he would take those with him.

S2-V2 : Ba yếu tố thay đổi :

1. Đại từ nhân xưng : - Ngôi 1  Ngôi 3
 - Ngôi 3 : giữ nguyên
- Ngôi 2 : ( you ) đổi theo tân ngữ sau said
2. Thì động từ : đưa về quá khứ một bậc :
Hiê ̣n tại quá khứ
quá khứ quá khứ hoàn thành
will  would
can  could
( nếu đô ̣ng từ say / tell ở thì hiê ̣n tại , hiê ̣n tại hoàn thành , tương lai thì không đổi thì )
Notes : Câu điều kiện loại 1 : đổi bình thường , Câu loại 2 &3 , câu có thời điểm cụ thể : không đổi thì
a. "Be modest if you are a good pupil”,said my father.
My father told me to be modest if I was a good pupil.
b. “ If I had money , I would buy a car , “ he said
 He said that if he had money , he would buy a car.
c. “ We moved to London in 1990 “ he said
 He said they moved to London in 1990
.
3: Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian , địa điểm
 This  That  These  Those  Here  There  Now  Then
 Today  That day
 Tonight  That night
 Yesterday  The day before / The previous day
 last (week)  the previous ( week )
 (2 days ) ago  (2 days ) before
 Tomorrow  The next day / The following day
 Next week  The following week

EXERCISE2 : Change into reported speech

1. “ I have something for you now . “ I said to her .
2. “ I ‘m going away tomorrow , mother .” he said
3. “ Nothing grows in my garden “ she said.
4. “It isn’t raining today .” I said .
5. “ The lift doesn’t work ,” they said .
6. “ My son is studying at university this year,” she said
7. “My brother will get married next month ,” James said.
8. “I was on a business trip yesterday , “ The man said .
9. “Mary came back 2 days ago ,” Tom said .
10. “ I am flying to Paris tomorrow , “ she said
3 Questions : ( câu hỏi )
1.Yes / no questions :

asked (+ someone )
S1 + wondered + If/whether + S2 + V 2
wanted to know

2.Wh_ questions :

asked (+ someone )
S1 + wondered + Wh+ S2 + V 2
wanted to know
- Cũng 3 yếu tố thay đổi
- S2-V2 : Không còn là câu hỏi ,nên không đảo ngữ , không có trợ động từ : DO/ DOES / DID , không có dấu hỏi
a. "Did you phone me yesterday ?”Peter asked Mary.
Peter asked Mary If/whether she had phoned her the day before / the previous day.
b. The teacher asked “Which book are you taking , John?”.
The teacher wanted to know which book John was taking .

EXERCISE3 : Change into reported speech

1. “ Can we fly to HoChi Minh City in this weather ? “ the passengers asked the pilot .
2. “ Will you be free tomorrow ? “ Jane said to William .
3. “Can you show me the way to the station ? “ the man said to the boy.
4. “ Are there any letters today ?” Fred asked the postman
5. “ Do you know Tom’ address ? “John asked his friend.
6. “ May I buy an ice-cream ?” the girl asked her mother.
7. “ Is everything ready ? “ the father asked.
8. “ Are you leaving today? “ said his secretary.
9. “ Shall we meet again ? “ he wondered.
10. “ Did you watch the football match yesterday? “ he asked me.
EXERCISE 4: Change into reported speech
1. “ What can I do to help you ? “ the boy said to the old man.
2. “ How did you enjoy the football match ? Rose asked her boy-friend.
3. “ What are you doing tomorrow? “ I asked Richard
4. “ Where have you been all this time ? Lucy asked her brother .
5. “What is on television tonight ? “ Mary said to her husband.
6. “ Why are you so late ? “ he said to her .
7. “ Why don’t you learn English ? “ the teacher said to the children
8. “What do we have for lunch today ? “ the boy asked his mother .
9. “ What library do you take books from ? “ he said to me .
10. “ How do you go to school ? “ I said to the boy .
Choose the best answer :
1: Did he tell you ______?
A. what was the problem B. what the problem was
C. was what the problem D. the problem was what
2: Jack asked his sister_______.
A. where you have gone tomorrow B. where she would go the following day
C. where would she go the following day D. where you will go tomorrow
3: Peter apologised_______.
A. me for phoning not earlier B. not to phone me earlier
C. for not phoning me earlier D. not for phoning me earlier
5 : “Remember to bring your books,” he said.
A. He said I remembered to bring my books. B. He warned me against bringing my books.
C. He reminded me to bring my books. D. He asked me if I remembered to bring my books.
6. “If I were you, I would do morning exercise regularly,” said John.
A. John asked me to do morning exercise regularly.
B. John prevented me from doing morning exercise regularly.
C. John congratulated me on doing morning exercise regularly.
D. John advised me to do morning exercise regularly.
7. Tom asked Janet where _____ the previous Sunday.
A. had she been B. she had been. C. she has been D. has she been
8. “If I were you, I would go to see the doctor”, David said to Claudia.
A. David advised Claudia not to go to see the doctor. B. David advised Claudia to go to see the doctor.
C. David told Claudia to become a doctor. D. David told Claudia that he would go to see the doctor.
9. “Be careful! Don't do that again,” he said.
A. He encouraged me to do that again. B. He advised me to be careful and do that again.
C. He warned me not to do that again. D. He told me to be careful, so I didn't do that again.
10. “No, it’s not true. I didn’t steal the money!” Jean said.
A. Jean denied having stolen the money. B. Jean admitted stealing the money.
C. Jean refused to steal the money. D. Jean did not intend to steal the money.
11. She asked John to repeat what he had said.
A. “Will you please repeat what John said?” she asked. B. “Please repeat what you said, John,” she said.
C. “You have to repeat what you say, John,” she said. D. “Please repeat what you said to John,” she said.
12. “Trust me! Do not invest all your money in one company,” said my friend.
A. My friend ordered me to invest all my money in one company.
B. My friend persuaded me not to invest all my money in one company.
C. My friend offered to help me to invest all my money in one company.
D. My friend encouraged me to invest all my money in one company.
13. “May I see your passport, Mrs Scott?” said the customs officer.
A. The customs officer asked to see Mrs Scott’s passport.
B. The customs officer suggested seeing Mrs Scott’s passport.
C. The customs officer asked Mrs Scott to see his passport.
D. The customs officer promised to show Mrs Scott his passport.
14. “I will not leave until I see the manager,” said the customer.
A. The customer was persuaded to see the manager before leaving.
B. The customer said he would leave before he saw the manager.
C. The customer refused to leave until he saw the manager.
D. The customer decided to leave because he did not see the manager.
15. “Please accept my apology for arriving late,” said Janet to her employer.
A. Janet apologised to her employer for her late arrival.
B. Janet thought she would apologise to her employer for arriving late.
C. Janet quickly made an apology and the employer accepted it.
D. Janet had to make an apology because her employer demanded it.
16: She regretted to tell him that______.
A. she was leaving the tickets at home B. she had left the tickets at home
C. the tickets at home would be left D. she would have left the tickets at home