Jack Bolt Calculation

GIVEN:
Roof Diameter = 22.1 meters
Estimated Roof weight = 37500 kg or 37.5 tons
Solve number or Jack Bolts to lift the Floating Roof
2 jack bolts per quadrant
8 total number of jack bolts
Load Capacity of each bolt:
37.5 tons / 8 nos. = 4.68 or 5 tons each
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
A Jack screw that can raise or lower 5 tons or 49.033 KN of load
DESIGN CONSIDERATION
1. Factor of Safety (FS) = 5; A higher factor of safety is considered due to consequences of the failure.
2. Material for Screw and nut is of great importance; the following materials are chosen for this design.
a. SCREW: Plane carbon steel AISI 1030
Tensile strength, yield = 440 N/mm2
Tensile strength, ultimate = 525 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity = 210 N/mm2
b. Nut: Phosphor Bronze UNS C51000
Tensile strength, yield (tension) = 100 N/mm2
Tensile strength, yield (compression) = 90 N/mm2
3. The effective lifting height is chosen to be 0.5m (500 mm).
4. Average coefficient of friction between the material soft steel and cast iron is taken 0.10 when it is lubricated.
But for this specific design, it is taken 0.18 assuming it dry for safe operations.
5. Limiting values for bearing pressure between steel and cast iron is taken 15.05 MPa.
6. The force of a single hand is about 150 to 200 N. In this design we assume that is the handle is rotated by two
hands which give 400 N hand forces for the design of the handle.
CALCULATION
1. SCREW DIAMETER
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ (𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑)

𝐹𝑆
440 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
5
88 N/mm2
Substitute the values:

49033 𝑁
88 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 = 𝜋
𝑑𝑐^2
4
dc = 26.63 mm; get next highest diameter; use 40 mm or 1.5 inch
There are additional stress due to torsional and bending moments. The diameter should be increased to account for
these stresses. As a trial, we will choose a square screw with 60 mm nominal diameter and 9 mm pitch.
Trial No.1
d = 60 mm
p = 9 mm
dc = d – p = 60 – 9 = 51 mm
Mean Diameter (dm) = d – 0.5 p = 60 – 0.5(9) = 55.5 mm
It is assumed that the screw has single start threads
l = p = 9 mm
𝑙 9
tan α = = 𝑜𝑟 ∝ = 2.95°
𝜋 𝑑𝑚 𝜋 (55.5)
The coefficient of friction between steel screw and bronze nut is normally taken as 0.1 but we will consider 0.18
(maximum value of coefficient of friction) as we consider the worst case where lubrication is not provided.
tan 𝜙 = 𝜇 = 0.18 𝑜𝑟 𝜙 = 10.20°

𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝜙 > 𝛼, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑤 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑃𝑑𝑚
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 (𝑇) = tan(𝜙 + 𝛼 )
2
(49033 𝑁)(55.5 𝑚𝑚)
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 (𝑇) = tan (10.20 + 2.95)
2
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 (𝑇) = 317888.7993 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
16 𝑇 16 (317888.7993 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚)
𝜏= 3
=
𝜋𝑑𝑐 𝜋(51𝑚𝑚)3
𝑵
𝝉 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟐𝟎
𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑈𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎
𝑃 49033 𝑁 𝑵
𝜎𝑐 = 𝜋 = 𝜋 = 𝟐𝟒. 𝟎𝟎𝟐
𝑑𝑐^2 (51𝑚𝑚)^2 𝒎𝒎𝟐
4 4
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝜎𝑐 1
𝜎 max = ± √𝜎𝑐2 + 4𝜏2
2 2
1
𝜏 max = √𝜎𝑐2 + 4𝜏2
2
𝑁 2 2
24.002
𝜎 max = 𝑚𝑚2 + 1 √(24.002 𝑁 ) + 4 (12.20 𝑁 ) = 𝟐𝟗. 𝟏𝟏 𝑵 (𝑻𝑬𝑵𝑺𝑰𝑶𝑵)
2 2 𝑚𝑚2 𝑚𝑚2 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑁 2 2
24.002
𝜎 max = 𝑚𝑚2 − 1 √(24.002 𝑁 ) + 4 (12.20 𝑁 ) = −𝟓. 𝟏𝟏 𝑵 (𝑪𝑶𝑴𝑷𝑹𝑬𝑺𝑺𝑰𝑶𝑵)
2 2 𝑚𝑚2 𝑚𝑚2 𝒎𝒎𝟐
1 𝑁 2 𝑁 2 𝑵
𝜏 max = √(24.002 ) + 4 (12.20 ) = 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝟏
2 𝑚𝑚2 𝑚𝑚2 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑁
𝜎 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 440 𝑵
𝝈𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 = = 𝑚𝑚2 = 𝟖𝟖
𝐹𝑆 5 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑁
𝜎 𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 525 𝑵
𝝉𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 = = 𝑚𝑚2 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓
𝐹𝑆 5 𝒎𝒎𝟐
CRITERIA FOR SAFE DESIGN

𝑵 𝑵
𝜏 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 > 𝜏 max ; 𝟏𝟎𝟓 > 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝟏
𝒎𝒎𝟐 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑵 𝑵
𝜎 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 > 𝜎 max ; 𝟖𝟖 > 𝟐𝟗. 𝟏𝟏
𝒎𝒎𝟐 𝒎𝒎𝟐
THE DESIGN IS SAFE;

use 60 mm dia threaded rod (square thread) with 9 mm pitch
2. BUCKLING OF THE SCREW
Buckling is studied when the load is compressive and the unsupported length between the screw and the nut is long.
When it is short, then it is assumed a column and buckling issue doesn’t rise. If the critical load is more than the
load, we have then our design is safe and there is no chance of buckling.
𝝈𝒚 𝑳 𝟐
𝑷 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 = 𝑨𝒄 ∗ 𝝈𝒚 [𝟏 − ( ) ]
𝟒𝑪𝝅𝟐 𝑬 𝒌
Where:
Ac= Cross-sectional area of the screw core
σs =Yield strength of the screw material
L= effective length of the screw (L = screw lift height + ½ (height of nut))
C= end fixity coefficient, in case of one end fix and one end free its value is 0.25
k=least radius of gyration, it is usually taken 0.25dc

𝜋 𝜋
𝑨𝒄 = (𝑑𝑐 )2 = (60 𝑚𝑚)2 = 2827.4 mm^2
4 4
1
𝐿 = 500 𝑚𝑚 + (12 𝑚𝑚) = 506 𝑚𝑚
2
𝒌 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 (𝒅𝒄); 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 (𝟔𝟎 𝒎𝒎) = 𝟏𝟓 𝒎𝒎

𝑵
𝑵 𝟐
𝟒𝟒𝟎
𝒎𝒎^𝟐 𝟓𝟎𝟔 𝒎𝒎 𝟐
𝑷 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 = 𝟐𝟖𝟐𝟕. 𝟒 𝒎𝒎 ∗ 𝟒𝟒𝟎 𝒙 [𝟏 − ( ) ]
𝒎𝒎𝟐 𝑵 𝟏𝟓 𝒎𝒎
𝟒(𝟎. 𝟐𝟓)(𝟑. 𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟔)𝟐 (𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎 )
𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑷 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 = 𝟗𝟒𝟑𝟓𝟐𝟑. 𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟓 𝑵 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟒𝟑. 𝟓𝟐 𝑲𝑵
CRITERIA FOR BUCKLING
𝑷 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 > 𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏 𝑳𝒐𝒂𝒅 ; 𝟗𝟒𝟑. 𝟓𝟐 𝑲𝑵 > 𝟒𝟗. 𝟎𝟑𝟑 𝑲𝑵
There is no chance of buckling because the critical load is much greater than the design
load which is 49.033 KN.

Jack Bolt Calculation

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How was the screw diameter calculated?

How was the screw diameter calculated?

What factors were considered in determining the material properties of the screw and nut?

What factors were considered in determining the material properties of the screw and nut?

GIVEN:

Roof Diameter = 22.1 meters

Estimated Roof weight = 37500 kg or 37.5 tons

Solve number or Jack Bolts to lift the Floating Roof

2 jack bolts per quadrant

8 total number of jack bolts

Load Capacity of each bolt:

37.5 tons / 8 nos. = 4.68 or 5 tons each

A Jack screw that can raise or lower 5 tons or 49.033 KN of load

𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ (𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑)

Substitute the values:

Mean Diameter (dm) = d – 0.5 p = 60 – 0.5(9) = 55.5 mm

It is assumed that the screw has single start threads

tan 𝜙 = 𝜇 = 0.18 𝑜𝑟 𝜙 = 10.20°

CRITERIA FOR SAFE DESIGN

THE DESIGN IS SAFE;

Ac= Cross-sectional area of the screw core

σs =Yield strength of the screw material

L= effective length of the screw (L = screw lift height + ½ (height of nut))

k=least radius of gyration, it is usually taken 0.25dc

𝒌 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 (𝒅𝒄); 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 (𝟔𝟎 𝒎𝒎) = 𝟏𝟓 𝒎𝒎

𝑷 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 = 𝟗𝟒𝟑𝟓𝟐𝟑. 𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟓 𝑵 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟒𝟑. 𝟓𝟐 𝑲𝑵

CRITERIA FOR BUCKLING

𝑷 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 > 𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏 𝑳𝒐𝒂𝒅 ; 𝟗𝟒𝟑. 𝟓𝟐 𝑲𝑵 > 𝟒𝟗. 𝟎𝟑𝟑 𝑲𝑵

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