Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 44 views

    Ardashir I

    Uploaded by

    gitano
    Ardashir I founded the Sasanian Empire in 224 after defeating the last Parthian shahanshah Artabanus IV in battle. He established himself as the new shahanshah and began conquering surrounding lands, calling his domain Iran. Ardashir developed the royal Sasanian ideology emphasizing his divine right to rule as a descendant of ancient Iranian kings. He had rock carvings made depicting his victories, with one showing himself and the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda triumphing over Artabanus and the evil spirit Ahriman. Through these acts, Ardashir unified much of Persia under his rule and established the Sasanian Empire that lasted over

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ardashir I

    Uploaded by

    gitano
    44 views3 pages
    Ardashir I founded the Sasanian Empire in 224 after defeating the last Parthian shahanshah Artabanus IV in battle. He established himself as the new shahanshah and began conquering surrounding lands, calling his domain Iran. Ardashir developed the royal Sasanian ideology emphasizing his divine right to rule as a descendant of ancient Iranian kings. He had rock carvings made depicting his victories, with one showing himself and the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda triumphing over Artabanus and the evil spirit Ahriman. Through these acts, Ardashir unified much of Persia under his rule and established the Sasanian Empire that lasted over

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Ardashir I founded the Sasanian Empire in 224 after defeating the last Parthian shahanshah Artabanus IV in battle. He established himself as the new shahanshah and began conquering surrounding lands, calling his domain Iran. Ardashir developed the royal Sasanian ideology emphasizing his divine right to rule as a descendant of ancient Iranian kings. He had rock carvings made depicting his victories, with one showing himself and the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda triumphing over Artabanus and the evil spirit Ahriman. Through these acts, Ardashir unified much of Persia under his rule and established the Sasanian Empire that lasted over

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views3 pages

    Ardashir I

    Uploaded by

    gitano
    Ardashir I founded the Sasanian Empire in 224 after defeating the last Parthian shahanshah Artabanus IV in battle. He established himself as the new shahanshah and began conquering surrounding lands, calling his domain Iran. Ardashir developed the royal Sasanian ideology emphasizing his divine right to rule as a descendant of ancient Iranian kings. He had rock carvings made depicting his victories, with one showing himself and the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda triumphing over Artabanus and the evil spirit Ahriman. Through these acts, Ardashir unified much of Persia under his rule and established the Sasanian Empire that lasted over

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Ardashir I

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Jump to navigationJump to search

    Ardashir I
    �������

    King of Kings of Iran

    Gold dinar of Ardashir I, 230 A.D.

    King of Persis

    Reign 211/2–224

    Predecessor Shapur

    Successor Office abolished

    Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire

    Reign 224–242

    Coronation 226

    Ctesiphon
    Predecessor Artabanus IV (Parthian Empire)

    Successor Shapur I

    Co-ruler Shapur I (240–242)

    Born Unknown

    Tiruda, Khir, Pars

    Died February 242

    Spouse Denag

    Issue Shapur I

    House House of Sasan

    Father Pabag or Sasan

    Religion Zoroastrianism

    Ardashir I or Ardeshir I (Middle Persian: �������, Modern Persian: ‫اردشیر‬


    ‫بابکان‬, Ardašire Bâbakân), also known as Ardashir the Unifier[1] (180 – 242 AD), was the
    founder of the Sasanian Empire. He was also Ardashir V of the Kings of Persis, until he
    founded the new empire. After defeating the last Parthian shahanshah Artabanus IV on
    the Hormozdgan plain in 224, he overthrew the Parthian dynasty and established the
    Sasanian dynasty. Afterwards, Ardashir called himself "shahanshah" and began
    conquering the land that he called Iran.[2][3]
    There are various historical reports about Ardashir's lineage and ancestry. According
    to Al-Tabari's History of the Prophets and Kings, Ardashir was son of Papak, son
    of Sasan. Another narrative that exists in Kar-Namag i Ardashir i
    Pabagan and Ferdowsi's Shahnameh also states it says that Ardashir was born from
    the marriage of Sasan, a descendant of Darius III, with the daughter of Papak, a local
    governor in Pars.
    According to Al-Tabari's report, Ardashir was born in the outskirts of Istakhr, Pars. Al-
    Tabari adds that Ardashir was sent to the lord of Fort Darabgard when he was seven
    years old. After the lord's death, Ardashir succeeded him and became the commander
    of Fort Darabgard. Al-Tabari continues that afterward, Papak overthrew the local
    Persian shah named Gochihr and appointed his son, Shapur, instead of him. According
    to Al-Tabari's report, Shapur and his father, Papak, suddenly died and Ardashir became
    the ruler of Pars. Tension rose between Ardashir and the Parthian empire and
    eventually on April 28, 224, Ardashir faced the army of Artabanus IV in the Hormozdgan
    plain and Artabanus, the Parthian shahanshah, was killed during the battle.
    According to the royal reports, it was Papak who overthrew Gochihr, the local Persian
    shah, and appointed his son, Shapur, instead of him; Ardashir refused to accept
    Shapur's appointment and removed his brother and whosoever stood against him and
    then minted coins with his face drawn on and his father, Papak's behind. It is probable
    that the determining role that is stated about Ardashir in leading the rebellion against the
    central government is the product of the later historical studies. Papak had probably
    united most of Pars under his rule by then.
    Ardashir had an outstanding role in developing the royal ideology. He tried to show
    himself as a worshiper of Mazda related to god and possessing khvarenah. The claim of
    the legitimacy of his reign as a rightful newcomer from the line of the mythical Iranian
    shahs and the propagations attributed to Ardashir against the legitimacy and role of the
    Parthians in the Iranian history sequence show the valuable place that
    the Achaemenid legacy had in the minds of the first Sasanian shahanshahs; though the
    current belief is that the Sasanians did not know much about the Achaemenids and their
    status. On the other hand, some historians believe that the first Sasanian shahanshahs
    were familiar with the Achaemenids and their succeeding shahanshahs deliberately
    turned to the Kayanians. They knowingly ignored the Achaemenids in order to attribute
    their past to the Kayanians; and that was where they applied holy historiography.
    In order to remark his victories, Ardashir carved petroglyphs in Firuzabad (the city of
    Gor or Ardashir-Khwarrah), Naqsh-e Rajab and Naqsh-e Rustam. In his petroglyph in
    Naqsh-e Rustam, Ardashir and Ahura Mazda are opposite to each other on horsebacks
    and the corpses of Artabanus and Ahriman are visualized under the hooves of the
    horses of Ardashir and Ahura Mazda. It can be deduced from the picture that Ardashir
    assumed or wished for others to assume that his rule over the land that was called
    "Iran" in the inscriptions was designated by the lord. The word "Iran" was previously
    used in Avesta and as "the name of the mythical land of the Aryans". In Ardashir's
    period, the title "Iran" was chosen for the region under the Sasanian rule. The idea of
    "Iran" was accepted for both the Zoroastrian and non-Zoroastrian societies in the whole
    kingdom and the Iranians' collective memory continued and lived on in the various
    stages and different layers of the Iranian society until the modern period today. What is
    clear is that the concept of "Iran" previously had a religious and ethnic application and
    then ended up creating its pol

    You might also like