BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

13687-1:2002

Products and systems

for the protection and
repair of concrete
structures — Test
methods —
Determination of
thermal
compatibility —
Part 1: Freeze-thaw cycling with
de-icing salt immersion

The European Standard EN 13687-1:2002 has the status of a

British Standard

ICS 91.080.40

12&23<,1*:,7+287%6,3(50,66,21(;&(37$63(50,77('%<&23<5,*+7/$:
BS EN 13687-1:2002

National foreword
This British Standard is the official English language version of
EN 13687-1:2002.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8, Protection and repair of concrete
structures, which has the responsibility to:

— aid enquirers to understand the text;

— present to the responsible international/European committee any

enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the
UK interests informed;
— monitor related international and European developments and
promulgate them in the UK.

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on

request to its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European
publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or
by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British
Standards Online.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

This British Standard, having Summary of pages

been prepared under the
direction of the Building and
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
Civil Engineering Sector Policy pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.
and Strategy Committee, was
published under the authority
The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the
of the Standards Policy and document was last issued.
Strategy Committee on
19 September 2002

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date Comments

© BSI 19 September 2002

ISBN 0 580 40420 X

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13687-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2002

ICS 91.080.40

English version

Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete

structures - Test methods - Determination of thermal
compatibility - Part 1: Freeze-thaw cycling with de-icing salt
immersion

Produits et systèmes pour la protection et la réparation des Produkte und Systeme für den Schutz und die
structures en béton - Méthodes d'essai - Détermination de Instandsetzung von Betontragwerken - Prüfverfahren -
la compatibilité thermique - Partie 1: Cycles de gel-dégel Bestimmung der Temperaturwechselveräglichkeit - Teil 1:
avec immersion dans des sels déglaçants Frost-Tau-Wechselbeanspruchung mit Tausalzangriff

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 December 2001.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13687-1:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
EN 13678-1:2002 (E)

Contents

page
Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................3
1 Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................4
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................4
3 Terms and definitions....................................................................................................................................4
4 Test principle..................................................................................................................................................4
5 Apparatus .......................................................................................................................................................4
6 Preparation of test specimens......................................................................................................................5
7 Test procedure ...............................................................................................................................................5
8 Evaluation of results......................................................................................................................................6
9 Test report ......................................................................................................................................................7
Annex A (normative) Summary of temperatures and humidities for the curing, conditioning and
testing of repair products and systems ......................................................................................................8

2
 EN 13687-1:2002 (E)

Foreword
This document EN 13687-1:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 "Concrete and related
products", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by August 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
December 2002.

It has been prepared by sub-committee 8 "Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete
structures", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This Part of this European Standard describes a method of test for determining the thermal compatibility of grouts,
mortars and concretes and surface protection systems applied to a standard concrete, by shock cycling between
21 °C and –15 °C, including immersion in saturated de-icing salt solution. It is one of a series of inter-related parts
dealing with the thermal compatibility of repair products and systems. The other parts of this standard are :

EN 13687-2, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods -
Determination of thermal compatibility - Part 2: Thunder-shower cycling (thermal shock).

EN 13687-3, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods -
Determination of thermal compatibility - Part 3: Thermal cycling without de-icing salt impact.

EN 13687-4, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods -
Determination of thermal compatibility - Part 4: Dry thermal cycling.

EN 13687-5, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods -
Determination of thermal compatibility - Part 5: Resistance to temperature shock.

Annex A is normative.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

3
EN 13678-1:2002 (E)

1 Scope
This European Standard is the first of five parts to assess the thermal compatibility of repair products and systems,
including grouts, mortars and concretes and surface protection systems, used for the repair and protection of
concrete structures. The method specified in this Part measures the effect of freeze-thaw thermal shock cycling
with immersion in saturated de-icing salt solution. The method is suitable for repair products and systems based on
CC, PCC and PC binders and for surface protection systems.

2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).

EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement – Part 1: Determination of strength.

EN 1504-1, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Definitions, requirements,
quality control and evaluation of conformity - Part 1: Definitions.

prEN 1504-2, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Definitions, requirements,
quality control and evaluation of conformity - Part 2: Surface protection systems.

prEN 1504-3, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Definitions, requirements,
quality control and evaluation of conformity - Part 3: Structural and non-structural repair.

EN 1766, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Reference
concretes for testing.

EN 1542, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Measurement
of bond strength by pull-off.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1504-1 apply.

4 Test principle
A layer of the repair grout, mortar or concretes or the surface protection system (or both) is applied to a reference
concrete test specimen prepared according to EN 1766. After curing, the test specimen is subjected to freeze-thaw
thermal shock cycling between (21 ± 2) °C and (-15 ± 2) °C, including immersion in saturated de-icing salt solution.
Following the temperature cycling, visible defects are recorded and the adhesion of the repair product or system to
the concrete substrate is determined by pull-off test.

5 Apparatus
5.1 Laboratory, maintained at the standard laboratory climate of (21 ± 2) °C and (60 ± 10) % RH (see annex A).

5.2 Mixer, for mixing the constituents of the mortar. Unless stated otherwise by the manufacturer, use a forced
action pan mixer.

5.3 Concrete test specimens, of dimensions 300 mm x 300 mm x 100 mm to EN 1766 and type as specified in
prEN 1504-2 or prEN 1504-3.

4
 EN 13687-1:2002 (E)

5.4 Core drilling machine with a diamond tool, internal diameter 50 mm as specified in EN 1542.

5.5 Pull-off equipment, for measuring the pull-off strength according to EN 1542.

5.6 Tank containing saturated sodium chloride solution, controlled to (-15 ± 2) °C.

5.7 Water tank adjustable to (21 ± 2) °C.

5.8 Thermosetting resin for sealing the sides of the concrete test specimens to prevent penetration of the water
solutions (see 5.6 and 5.7) into the concrete.

6 Preparation of test specimens

Three concrete test specimens (see 5.3) are required for each test, with one serving as a reference specimen.
Immediately prior to application of the repair product or system or surface protection system, all materials shall be
stored in the standard laboratory climate (see 5.1) for at least 24 h. The repair grout, mortar or concrete and/or the
surface protection system shall be prepared and applied to the concrete test specimens in accordance with
manufacturers instructions at the standard laboratory climate (see 5.1) or such alternative environments as may be
specified for the intended use.

After application of the repair product or system, the samples shall be cured in accordance with the requirements of
annex A.

NOTE Experience from the use of this test on CC repair products has shown that if the full 27 day water immersion curing
condition is used, there is a significant danger of disruption to the concrete substrate due to freeze-thaw damage. A curing
regime of 6 days underwater followed by 21 days curing in the standard laboratory climate is suggested.

Before starting the test, all surfaces of the specimens except the 300 mm x 300 mm test face shall be coated with
thermosetting resin (see 5.8) to prevent penetration of liquid into the side and rear of the concrete test specimen
during the test, allowing full cure of the resin in accordance with the requirements for PC given in annex A.

7 Test procedure
After completing the preparation, two of the test specimens shall be immersed in water for 24 h. After this period,
the test cycle shown in Figure 1 starts. One cycle lasts for 4 h and comprises the following stages:

i) immersion in the tank containing saturated sodium chloride solution (see 5.6) at a temperature of
(-15 ± 2) °C for 2 h ;

ii) storage in the water tank (see 5.7) at a temperature of (21 ± 2) °C for 2 h.

The two test specimens shall be stood on end, allowing a gap of at least 50 mm between the specimens.

During an interruption of the cycle (e.g. overnight, at weekends, etc.), the test specimens shall be kept in the water
tank at (21 ± 2) °C.

NOTE 1 Care is needed to ensure that the specified temperatures are maintained in the tanks at all times, using appropriate
flow and control systems for the size of the vessels. In particular :

place the test specimens into the tanks such that all sides are uniformly exposed to the test temperature ;

place the test specimens into the storage tanks at a rate which ensures that the temperature in the salt solution and in the
water does not either exceed - 13 °C or become less than + 19 °C respectively ;

the level of the solution in the tanks should be such as to ensure complete immersion of the specimen for the duration of
the test.

NOTE 2 The concentration of the salt solution can change with time and should be checked periodically.

5
EN 13678-1:2002 (E)

Every ten cycles, the positions of the test specimens in the storage tanks shall be changed on a rotation basis, to
compensate for any slight differences in temperature that may occur.

The test cycle shall be repeated for the number of cycles specified in prEN 1504-2 and prEN 1504-3.

The reference specimen shall be stored in the standard laboratory climate (see 5.1).

8 Evaluation of results
Every ten cycles, the test specimens shall be visually inspected :

i) for scaling and/or cracking if a PC, PCC or CC product is tested ;

ii) for surface alterations (cracks, peeling, blistering, delamination, bubbling or other surface defects) if a
surface protection system is tested.

Cracks > 0,05 mm and any observed surface alterations shall be reported. The final visual inspection shall be
performed at least 16 h after the end of the cycling.

After the end of the cycling the two test specimens and the reference specimen shall be conditioned at the
standard laboratory climate for not less than seven days. The pull-off strength of the repair product or system or
surface protection system shall then be determined according to EN 1542.

Key
1 Temperature (deg °C)
2 Time (h)

Figure 1 — Immersion cycle for the prepared test specimen

6
 EN 13687-1:2002 (E)

9 Test report
The test report shall include the following information :

a) a reference to this European Standard, including the number, title and date of issue ;

b) name and address of the test laboratory ;

c) identification number and date of the test report ;

d) name and address of the manufacturer or supplier of the product(s) ;

e) name and identification marks or batch number(s) of the product(s) ;

f) date of supply of the product(s) ;

g) date of preparation of the test specimens ;

h) conditions of storage of prepared specimens prior to test ;

i) date of test and details of test equipment used including the make, type and capacity and calibration details or
identification number of the apparatus ;

j) the total number of cycles carried out ;

k) the results (single values, mean values and standard deviations) of the pull off test including individual forms of
fracture, and any observed surface alterations after removal from the test cabinet ;

l) the type and dimension of the concrete test specimens according to EN 1766 ;

m) a description of the product, system or surface protection system under test and whether it is a single or multi
layer system ;

n) precision data ;

o) date of test report and signature.

7
EN 13678-1:2002 (E)

Annex A
(normative)

Summary of temperatures and humidities for the curing, conditioning and

testing of repair products and systems

A.1 Curing

A.1.1 CC (grouts, mortars and concretes)

Prepare as EN 196-1, cover in film for 24 h ;

demould after 24 h ;

cure under water at (21 ± 2) °C for 27 days.

A.1.2 PCC (grouts, mortars and concretes)

Prepare as EN 196, cover in film for 24 h ;

demould after 24 h and wrap in film for 48 h ;

unwrap and cure for 25 days in a standard laboratory climate of (21 ± 2) °C and (60 ± 10) % RH.

A.1.3 PC (grouts, mortars and concretes) and surface protection systems

Cure for 7 days at (21 ± 2) °C and (60 ± 10) % RH.

A.2 Conditioning and testing

For specific applications, the following definitions apply :

A.2.1 Standard laboratory climate (Dry conditioning)

Take from the curing/storage environment and condition for 7 days in a standard laboratory climate of
(21 ± 2) °C and (60 ± 10) % RH.

A.2.2 Wet conditioning

Immerse for 7 days at (21 ± 2) °C, or for CC take directly for test after 28 days of immersion ;

remove all surface water by standing upright for 30 min before using for tests.

8
blank
BS EN
13687-1:2002
BSI — British Standards Institution
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing
British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the
international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.

Revisions
British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of
British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or
editions.
It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services.
We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using
this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee
responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7400.
BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures
that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.

Buying standards
Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be
addressed to Customer Services. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001.
Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001. Email: [email protected]. Standards are also
available from the BSI website at http://www.bsi-global.com.
In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the
BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards,
unless otherwise requested.

Information on standards
BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and
international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters
Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give
details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7111. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7048. Email: [email protected].
Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments
and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details
of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001.
Email: [email protected].
Information regarding online access to British Standards via British Standards
Online can be found at http://www.bsi-global.com/bsonline.
Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at
http://www.bsi-global.com.

Copyright
Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the
UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any
means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without prior written
permission from BSI.
This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard,
of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
BSI written permission of BSI must be obtained.
389 Chiswick High Road Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Manager.
London Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7553.
Email: [email protected].
W4 4AL