Computer System, Input, and Output Device: Lesson 2

Lesson 2
Computer System,
Input, and Output
Device
Objectives:
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
1. Recognize the parts and components of the computer system;

2. Differentiate input and output devices;
3. Explain the computer system, input, and output devices.
Introduction:
In the present day, the operation of the personal computer mainly depends on how
reputable the components and peripherals are. This is to guarantee that they are in
excellent operating condition to produce the correct outputs. Each part of the computer is
the result of years of research and development.
What is a Computer System?
A computer system consists of hardware components along with peripheral devices that
work together, and software components or programs that run in the computer. It is very
important to know the different components of a computer system and its functions: the
hardware, software, and people ware. The computer system will not work properly without
each other.
Computer Hardware
Hardware refers to the physical or tangible parts of the computer. It can be an electronic
or mechanical part of a computer system. A computer system is composed of major
hardware components as categorized below:
Fun facts:
Did you know that you can use the camera of your smart phone to scan the Quick
Response (QR) code that can be seen on the left side of each devices on the next page.
Make sure to click the link and connect to the internet to be able to open it.
Input Devices
To enter data into the computer, you can use an input device. It accepts data and
instructions from the user or from another computer system. There are two types of input
devices: keyboard entry and direct entry:
1. Any data inputted to the computer through a keyboard is known as a keyboard
entry. The keyboard is probably the oldest and most common example of an input
device that is designed around a basic set of 101 to 104 alphanumeric keys. Some
keys like the Windows key or multimedia keys may have special functions. The
keyboard usually sits on your desktop and sends its signals to the computer via a
long wire, although there are several wireless keyboards available in the market
today.
2. Data that doesn’t require to be keyed or pressed into a keyboard, but still creates
machine-readable data on paper, magnetic media or is fed directly into the
computer’s CPU, is known as direct entry. There are three categories under
direct-entry devices: Pointing, Scanning, and Input-voice devices.
a. A pointing device is used to move the pointer or cursor on the screen by

hovering the mouse, touching the screen, or by means of a stylus.
i. Mouse – Mouse uses a concentrated beam of light or a tiny laser.

These are called optical mice. When you move the mouse, the light
beam bounces off your desktop surface and reflects back to a tiny
sensor on the bottom of your mouse. Any movement of the mouse
registers as changes in the reflection sent back to the sensor. This
type of mouse less prone to dirt buildup although you still need to
keep the bottom clean and free of dirt to keep the beam of light
unobstructed from the sensor.
ii. Touch screen – A special type of monitor which allows you to click
objects on the screen by touching the screen with your finger. This
type of monitor is often used for cash registers or computer kiosks to
make it convenient for the user to select items on the screen.
iii. Glide pad – also known as a touchpad, this is a touch sensitive pad
for controlling the cursor. The glide pad is a very popular alternate
pointing device for laptops since it occupies very little space and fit
within the limited space of a laptop. Some conventional keyboards
also have glide pads built-in.
b. A scanning device uses a scanner which is an electronic device that
convers pictures or printed text into digital format which can then be used
by your computer.
c. A voice-input device is also known as the speech or voice recognition
system. Through the use of microphone, the user can send audio signals to
a computer for processing, recording, or carrying out commands.
Output Devices
Any piece of computer hardware that has a function of displaying the results after the
computer has processed the input data that has been entered.
1. Monitor – It is like a television or cathode ray tube (CRT) that displays data
from your computer. There are newer types of display devices like the liquid
crystal display or LCD and light emitting diode or LED which is also
becoming popular. LCD and LED monitors are flat and take up less than a
conventional CRT monitor. Your choice of monitor depends on your
requirements but take note that a good monitor should be used to avoid
blurred images and eyestrain.
2. LCD Projector – It displays the image on a wall-sized screen. It is best for

giving lectures to a big crowd so that everybody can see the presentation
properly.
3. Smart board – The smart board is similar to a touch screen. Its display
screen is a touch-sensitive transparent panel.
4. Printer – It is a device that prints images or pictures created on the

computer on paper. The printed output from the printer is called a hardcopy.
There are different types of printers: ink-jet, laser, dot matrix, and thermal
printers.
5. Speakers – Speakers produce the sound generated by your computer.

Your computer needs a sound card to be able to process audio but most
mother boards have this capability built-in.

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Lesson 2

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Recognize the parts and components of the computer system;

What is a Computer System?

a. A pointing device is used to move the pointer or cursor on the screen by

i. Mouse – Mouse uses a concentrated beam of light or a tiny laser.

2. LCD Projector – It displays the image on a wall-sized screen. It is best for

4. Printer – It is a device that prints images or pictures created on the

5. Speakers – Speakers produce the sound generated by your computer.

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