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    Formulae For Mhrm510: Descriptive Statistics

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    Don Rayburn Pilan
    The document provides formulae for various descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and the chi-squared test. It includes formulae for calculating the mean, variance, standard deviation, median, mode, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, linear regression coefficients, z-scores, t-statistics, and the chi-squared test statistic.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Formulae For Mhrm510: Descriptive Statistics

    Uploaded by

    Don Rayburn Pilan
    294 views3 pages
    The document provides formulae for various descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and the chi-squared test. It includes formulae for calculating the mean, variance, standard deviation, median, mode, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, linear regression coefficients, z-scores, t-statistics, and the chi-squared test statistic.

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    The document provides formulae for various descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and the chi-squared test. It includes formulae for calculating the mean, variance, standard deviation, median, mode, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, linear regression coefficients, z-scores, t-statistics, and the chi-squared test statistic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    294 views3 pages

    Formulae For Mhrm510: Descriptive Statistics

    Uploaded by

    Don Rayburn Pilan
    The document provides formulae for various descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and the chi-squared test. It includes formulae for calculating the mean, variance, standard deviation, median, mode, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, linear regression coefficients, z-scores, t-statistics, and the chi-squared test statistic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    FORMULAE 

    FOR MHRM510

    Descriptive Statistics
    Mean for Ungrouped Data

    1
    x =
    n
    ∑x

    Variance For Ungrouped Data 

    1 2
    S 2= ∑  x −x 
    n−1

    Standard Deviation for Ungrouped Data

    S=
     1
    n−1
    ∑  x −x 
    2

    Median for Ungrouped Data
    th
    The median is the 
      n+1
    2
    observation if the numbers are arranged in either ascending or 

    discending order.

    Mean for Grouped Data
    1
    x = ∑ fx
    n
    where: f represents frequency of the respective class

    Variance for Gropued Data
    1 2
    S 2= ∑ f  x− 
    x
    n−1

    Standard Deviation for Grouped Data

    S=
     1
    n−1
    ∑ f  x− x 
    2

    Median for Grouped Data

    Median=X med 
    n
    c −F m−1
    2  
    f med

    where: Xmed = lower limit of the median class
           c = class width
           fmed = frequency of the median class
          Fm­1 = cumulative frequency before the median class
           n = sample size
    Mode for Gruped Data

    c  f m − f m−1 
    Mode=X mod 
    2f m − f m−1− f m+ 1
    Xmod is the lower limit of the modal class
    c is the class width
    fm is the frequency of the modal class
    fm­1 is the frequency of the class preceding modal class
    fm+1 is the frequency of the class just after the modal class

    Correlation
    Pearsonian Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (rp)

    r p=
    ∑  x −x   y−y 
    ∑  x− x 2 ∑  y− y  2
    Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient (rs)

    6  ∑ d 2
    r s =1−
    n  n 2 −1 

    Regression Coefficients

    The general linear regression equation taking the form Y = a + bx has coeffients calculated as:

    Slope of the regression equation

    b=
    ∑  x− x  y− y 
    2
    ∑  x −x 
    Intercept of the regression equation
    a= y −b x

    Standard Normal Distribution
    The Z­Score transformation that can be used for the calculation of probabilities, assuming the 
    validity of the central limit theorem is as follows:
    x− μ
    z=
    δ
    where: δ is the standard deviation and
    μ is the mean.

    Hypothesis Test for The Mean

    Small sample case
    The small sample case applies the t­statistic calculated as:
    x −μ
    t c=
    s / n
     The large sample case applies the z­score statistic calculated as:
    x −μ
    z c=
    s / n

    Chi­Sqaured Test

    Expected count (E) is determined as:

    rowtotal∗columntotal
    E=
    sample

    The chi­squared test statistic is:
    2
    2 ∑  O−E 
    X c=
    E
    where: O is the observed count and 
      E is the expected count

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