Advance Montessori Education Center of Isabela, Inc.

Maligaya, Tumauini, Isabela

Email:[email protected]

ENGLISH 8
LEARNER’S MODULE 2
FIRST QUARTER
Name: ________________________________________________
(Week 2) Grade and Section: _____________________
August 9-13, 2021

Learning Competencies:
The Learner…

 identifies the types of citations;

 uses conventions in citing sources (EN8SS-IIIg-1.6.4); and
 expresses the importance of citation in daily life.

Overview

In this lesson, the students are expected to understand the common documentation styles used
in citing sources. This will also test their critical thinking ability as they answer all the activities
given as they go deeper to the lesson. Different mind enhancers are also being provided to boost
higher order thinking skills.

Guide Question

1. How do you cite information responsibly? Why does it matter?

What to Process?

CITING SOURCES OF INFORMATION

Citing sources involves styling and formatting. There are many ways to observe and exercise this through various
standards such as the APA Style (American Psychological Association) and MLA Formatting and Style Guide
(Modern Language Association).

Citing sources properly acknowledges the origin of the information you obtained. More importantly, it lends
credibility to your work thereby allowing authenticity for your output. Citing sources also avoids plagiarism which
is unacceptable in academic works.

LET’S READ!

BASIC DOCUMENTATION RULES

1. Why should I cite my reference?

 To observe ethics.

1|Page
  To tell your audience that you have researched your topic and that you are reliable as a
writer.
 To avoid plagiarism or academic dishonesty.

2. When should I cite the material?

 There’s no need to document items that are common knowledge.

 Document or support any material that indicates an opinion or an interpretation.

3. When should I quote directly?

 Quote important statements.

 Quote if you want to show the authority of the speaker as a recognized expert in the field.
 Quote when paraphrasing (or restating in your own words.)

4. Which sources should I use?

 Use sources by trustworthy and recognized authors, experts in the field, and eyewitnesses.
 Articles without authors can be reliable sources if there is clearly a legitimate group taking
responsibility for the material (such as a medical board).
 Use books if they are properly documented throughout.
 Use journals and other periodicals that are peer-reviewed or approved by experts other than
the author before they are printed.
 Use materials from the Internet but be more careful when using this kind of source than
when using others.

COMMON DOCUMENTATION STYLES

MLA (Modern Language Association) – It is the standard format for papers, articles, and books in the arts and
humanities. Footnotes and endnotes for additional information are used in this format.
APA (American Psychological Association) – It is the style used by teachers in business and the social sciences.
Endnotes are used in this format.

GENERAL MLA FORMAT

 Margins
-Set margins at one inch all around.
 Spacing
-Double-space throughout the paper, even for notes, block quotations, and Work Cited
entries.
 Indenting
-Indent ½ inch (tab once) at the beginning of each paragraph or note.
-For each Works Cited entry, the first line is automatically flush with the left margin. Indent
subsequent lines ½ inch.
-Indent a block quotation ½ inch (tab once) from left margin.

MLA Style Guidelines

1. The author or shortened version of the title (if there is no author) appears first in a
parenthetical citation, followed by a page number, if there is one.

Example: Without Author

Asian men from rich countries are increasingly seeking brides from poorer Asian countries
like Vietnam and the Philippines. (47)
Example: With Author
2 | P aWomen
ge from poorer countries, on the other hand, are willing to wed even working-class men
in richer nations, because they “offer hope of a better life.” (Hai, 47)
2. If you are using more than one source by the same author, you will need to include both the
author’s name and the short title.

Example:

As [the dragon] ran towards the coast, its flailing tail gouged out valleys and crevasses; as it
plunged into the sea, the areas dug up by the tail became filled with water, leaving only bits
of high land visible. (Hai and Jung, The Lonely Planet, 47)

3. Parenthetical Citation – This method involves placing related source information in

parentheses after a quote or a paraphrase.

How to Cite Direct Quote

Gibaldi indicates, “Quotations are effective in research papers when used selectively”
(109).
How to Cite after Paraphrasing
Within the research paper, quotations will have more impact when used judiciously
(Gibaldi 109).
4. Works Cited Page – This is the name that MLA gives to a bibliography. It is a listing of all of the
sources you cited in the body of your paper.

Book:
Montano, Kathlain. How to Direct Action Films. Manila: New Day Eve Publishing. 2015.
Anthology:
Salos, Henry. “Promotes and Advocates.” Rex Book of Travel Testimonies. Ed. Gian
Francisco. Rex Publishing , 2006. 315-327. Print.
Encyclopedia:
Santos, Gay. “Filipino Languages.” The New Encyclopedia Britannica: Macropaedia 12 th ed.
2007. Print.
Magazine Articles:
Dela Cruz, Fred. “Hachiko.” Japan news and World Report. 20 March 2013:55. Print.
Newspaper:
Godinez, Chris. “Japan Needs Filipino Soldiers.” Bulletin Today. 22 Jan. 2011: A7. Print.
Online Sources: (Entire Website)
Mejia, Susan Maye, The Life of Martin King. Susan Maye Mejia, 2005. Web. 24. Feb. 2015.
http://www.Susanlmaremejia.com/index_files/martinking.htm.
Multimedia Sources:
Yasmin, Lally, and Terry Poe. “Email Etiquette.” Chart. News Today. 13 Oct. 2010:A1. Print.
Video Documentary:
Great World Wars. Dino Lurantis. 2016. Medium. Walt Disney. 2015.

GENERAL APA FORMAT

 Margins
-Set margins at one inch all around.
 Spacing
-Double-space throughout the paper, even block quotations, notes, and References Page
entries.
 Indenting
-Indent ½ inch (one tab) at the beginning of each paragraph or note.

3|Page
 -For each Reference entry, the first line is flush with the margin. Indent subsequent lines ½
inch.
-Indent a block quotation ½ inch from the left margin.

APA Format Guidelines

1. In a parenthetical citation, the author or shortened title (if there is no author) appears first,
followed by the year, and a page number, if there is any.

Whatever outward appeal it might have, total independence is undesirable, unrealistic. Not
one person on earth can do everything or know everything. Just as we are dependent on
air, sun, food and water for life, so, too, we need other persons and what they can do for us
if we are to benefit from life and to enjoy it. (Choosing, 1979, p.1).

2. If you are using more than one source by the same author published in the same year, add a
letter after the year to identify the source. The source will use the same letter on your Reference
page.

Whatever outward appeal it might have, total independence is undesirable, unrealistic. No

one person on earth can do everything or know everything. (Choosing, 1979 a, p.1).

Quotation Guidelines

1. Always introduce the quotation with your own words. Introduce the author before the quotation.
In this style, the sentence will always support the previous sentence in your paper.

2. Direct quotations from sources must be enclosed with quotation marks.

Example:

According to Hai (2005), “The members of the Provisional Government, representing the
whole Vietnamese people…” (p.321)

3. For very long (three lines or more) quotations, start on the next line. Indent left and right
margins, and write in single space. Do not use quotation marks anymore.

Example:

In his book, “Freedom” (2012) Franz declared:

When I first started working for my employers, they subjected my honesty to a

series of tests without my knowledge. As I later came to know, I passed. As a result, I have
been entrusted with more responsibility and freedom and the owners have rewarded me
for my honesty. I know that there are other people who could do my job better than I can
and who are certainly cleverer than I am. However, I think my job has been secure
because of the trust of my employers have in me. (p.157)

4. Follow every quotation with a note in parentheses that, for printed sources (whether hard copy or
electronic copy), give the last name of the author and the page number, separated by a comma.

Example:

“The members of the Provisional Government, representing the whole Vietnamese

people…” (Cau, 122)
4|Page
5. Use a short form of the title of the article, journal, or book if there is no author.

Example:

“A similar study was done of students learning to format research papers” (“Using
Citations,” 2001).

6. For interviews and personal communications, give the name of the person interviewed or from
whom the communication was received.

Example:

“We set limits, but we also granted freedoms, gradually. The better our children handled
those freedoms, the more they received.” (Franz, interview, 23 August 2016).

7. For sources taken from a web page, cite the URL in brackets and the date when you accessed the
web page.

Example:

“All religions have a constitutional right to freedom of worship, so the government has a
moral obligation not to discriminate in religious matters.”
(<http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/oshasoft/index.html> 20 Aug.2016)

Activity 1 – LET’S DO THIS!

Directions: Write the following sources correctly for a works cited page.

1. Phonetics and Spoken English: A Workbook for University Students. S. Abdul Majeed And
Company Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 1994 authored by Rosy. D’souza

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Louise. A Guide to Oral Interpretation. The Odyssey Press, Indianapolis, Indiana, 1998.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Rodolfo A. Delos Reyes wrote a book on Speak with Butterflies which was published by Prosec
Incorporation in 1995.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Book of Poems by. A. M. Batubalani, published by Loacan Publishing House at Gagalangin

Tondo, Manila in the year 1998.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Virgil A. Anderson, Training the Speaking Voice published by Oxford University Press in New
York, 2nd edition in 1991.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. English Pronunciation for Filipino College Students, published by Ken Inc. in Quezon City, 3 rd
edition (1998) Lourdes S. Mata-Soriano and Isabel Soriano

________________________________________________________________________________________________

5|Page
7. Speech Com Manual: A Tri-Modular Instructional Material published by Bookmark, Inc., in
Manila last 1984, authored by Julita A. Cabbab and Fred Anthony Cabbab.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Whale Oil taken from Encyclopedia Britannica dated 2006 through Encyclopedia Britannica
Online last August 3, 2008. Website: http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9076727

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Effective English Speaking published by Indiana Books in New Delhi in India in 2005 and written
by Ajay Ray

______________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Carrel Scrivner & A. James and William R. Tiffany authored Phonetics: Theory and Application
of Speech Improvement. Published by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. in 1990 at New York.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2– LET’S DO THIS!

Directions: Identify the format used in each citation. Write MLA if the format used is Modern
Language Association and APA if it is American Psychological Association.
_____1. One student said, “Sometimes I want to shift to other course but I want to graduate on
time” (Hall 23).
_____2. One student said, “Sometimes I want to shift to other course but I want to graduate on
time” (Hall,
2005, p.23).
_____3. As Hall once said, “Sometimes I want to shift to other course but I want to graduate on
time” (Hall
23).
_____4. As Christoff Hall once said, “Sometimes I want to shift to other course but I want to
graduate on time”
(23).
_____5.“Research indicates positive results when Jungian dream interpretation methods combined
with CBT
are used to treat female teenage alcoholics” (Estes et al., 2007, p. 12).
_____6. According to Francis Hong et al., “Chaucer’s influence on Spencer was especially evident in
his
creation of characters” (198)
_____7. One researcher asserted that “the majority of mankind suffers from periodic amnesia in the
final years
of life” (McNichols, 2007, p. 117)
_____8. Exercise should not be so violent “as to cause a pulse rate exceeding 110 after one minute
of a routine”
(Modern Fitness” 11).
_____9. Blair, Jason. “Reporter Arrested for Plagiarized Recipe.” New York Times, 24 May 2000, sec.
A, pp. 1+.
_____10. “Nurses reported being attacked on average once to three times a year” (“Emergency Room
Violence,” 2007, p.3).

Activity 3 – LET’S DO THIS!

Directions: Read the following citations below. Put a check on the space before the
number if the citation uses MLA format.
_____1. “Rabelais’ main inspiration is primarily literary . . .” (117)
6|Page
_____2. Members of a healthcare team who are responsible for patient care want an opportunity to
share their
expertise (Varany, Krull, & Rach, 2008).
_____3. People want morality just as much as they want happiness (Mill 169).

_____4. Brown University clearly used a similar approach to quantitative analysis (Davis, 2002).

_____5. As Louis Cazamian notes, “Fielding has that broad, tolerant nature that goes to make
creators of
character” (892)

Activity 4 – LET’S DO THIS!

Directions: Research on how literature, music, and the arts became the object of a great revival
after World War II in Africa. Cite your sources according to the conventions set by the
standards that you have learned. On the space below, write your reflection of your
learning experience.
-
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.

NOTES: For further clarification/s about the lesson you can contact the teacher at 0915-174-9443.

References: De Vera, E, Francisco N, Gonzales C, T. Essential English (pages 233-238)

Language in Literature (page 601)

Prepared by: Checked by: Recommending Approval:

MARIE M.ALLAUIGAN CHICLETTE D. GANGAN REYCHELA C. FORTO

English Teacher Language Coordinator Head, JHS Department

Approved by: Noted by:

JERIC T. VALDEZ NELIA Z- ANGULUAN, PhD

Principal Director
7|Page