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    Design Calculations

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    EDWIN M.P
    This document outlines bolt stress design calculations for three conditions: 1) preload, 2) hydrostatic test, and 3) working pressure. It defines variables used in the stress calculations such as bolt diameter, gasket width, pressure, and material properties. Acceptance criteria are provided from API standards requiring membrane stresses to not exceed 0.83 times the material yield strength.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Design Calculations

    Uploaded by

    EDWIN M.P
    400 views4 pages
    This document outlines bolt stress design calculations for three conditions: 1) preload, 2) hydrostatic test, and 3) working pressure. It defines variables used in the stress calculations such as bolt diameter, gasket width, pressure, and material properties. Acceptance criteria are provided from API standards requiring membrane stresses to not exceed 0.83 times the material yield strength.

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    2. DESIGN CALCULATIONS

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    This document outlines bolt stress design calculations for three conditions: 1) preload, 2) hydrostatic test, and 3) working pressure. It defines variables used in the stress calculations such as bolt diameter, gasket width, pressure, and material properties. Acceptance criteria are provided from API standards requiring membrane stresses to not exceed 0.83 times the material yield strength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    400 views4 pages

    Design Calculations

    Uploaded by

    EDWIN M.P
    This document outlines bolt stress design calculations for three conditions: 1) preload, 2) hydrostatic test, and 3) working pressure. It defines variables used in the stress calculations such as bolt diameter, gasket width, pressure, and material properties. Acceptance criteria are provided from API standards requiring membrane stresses to not exceed 0.83 times the material yield strength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    API 6A & 16A BOLTING STRESS DESIGN CALCULATIONS

    1. PRELOAD CONDITION

    1.1 Pressure Bolt Stress / Hydrostatic end Load: H

    H = π /4 x G² x P
    H=0
    1.2 Gasket Seating Bolt Stress / Contact Load on Gasket surfaces: Hp
    Hp = π x b x G x y
    1.3 Bending Stress
    Bending Load = 4M/D
    Bending Load = 0
    1.4 Thermal Expansion Stress: Ft

    Ft = EAB
    Ft = 0

    Maximum allowable tensile membrane stress (Sa) = Total Force / Tensile stress area of bolt.
    Sa= H + Hp + Ft
    Maximum allowable tensile membrane stress (Sb) = Total Force / Tensile stress area of bolt.
    Sa= H + Hp + Bending Load + Ft

    Tensile stress area of bolt (At)= (π/4) * (D -0.938194 * p)2


    Where, At = Tensile Stress Area (inch) D = Diameter (inch) n = Number of threads per inch p = 1/n.

    Acceptance Criteria.
    API Spec 6A 21st Ed Sec 8.1.1
    Sa=0.83Sy

    API Spec 16A 4th Ed Sec 4.4.3


    Sa=0.83Sy
    Sb=1.0Sy
    2. HYDROSTATIC TEST CONDITION

    1.1 Pressure Bolt Stress / Hydrostatic end Load: H

    H = π /4 x G² x Pt
    1.2 Gasket Seating Bolt Stress / Contact Load on Gasket surfaces: Hp
    Hp = 2π x b x G x m x Pt
    1.3 Bending Stress
    Bending Load = 4M/D
    Bending Load = 0
    1.4 Thermal Expansion Stress: Ft

    Ft = EAB
    Ft = 0

    Maximum allowable tensile membrane stress (Sa) = Total Force / Tensile stress area of bolt.
    Sa= H + Hp + Ft
    Maximum allowable tensile membrane stress (Sb) = Total Force / Tensile stress area of bolt.
    Sa= H + Hp + Bending Load + Ft

    Tensile stress area of bolt (At)= (π/4) * (D -0.938194 * p)2


    Where, At = Tensile Stress Area (inch) D = Diameter (inch) n = Number of threads per inch p = 1/n.

    Acceptance Criteria.
    API Spec 6A 21st Ed Sec 8.1.1
    Sa=0.83Sy

    API Spec 16A 4th Ed Sec 4.4.3


    Sa=0.83Sy
    Sb=1.0Sy
    3. WORKING PRESSURE CONDITION

    1.1 Pressure Bolt Stress / Hydrostatic end Load: H

    H = π /4 x G² x Pw
    1.2 Gasket Seating Bolt Stress / Contact Load on Gasket surfaces: Hp
    Hp = 2π x b x G x m x Pw
    1.3 Bending Stress
    Bending Load = 4M/D
    1.4 Thermal Expansion Stress: Ft

    Ft = EAB

    Maximum allowable tensile membrane stress (Sa) = Total Force / Tensile stress area of bolt.
    Sa= H + Hp+ Ft
    Maximum allowable tensile membrane stress (Sb) = Total Force / Tensile stress area of bolt.
    Sa= H + Hp + Bending Load + Ft

    Tensile stress area of bolt (At)= (π/4) * (D -0.938194 * p)2


    Where, At = Tensile Stress Area (inch) D = Diameter (inch) n = Number of threads per inch p = 1/n.

    Acceptance Criteria.
    API Spec 6A 21st Ed Sec 8.1.1
    Sa=0.83Sy

    API Spec 16A 4th Ed Sec 4.4.3


    Sa=0.83Sy
    Sb=1.0Sy
    At Total stress area of bolts, in2.
    b Effective gasket width, from tables.

    For Ring type Gasket,


    Gasket width = W

    Then Basic Gasket Seating Width, bo = W/8, If bo < 1/4" Then b=bo

    D Diameter of bolt circle, in.


    E Modulus of bolting Material.
    G Effective seal diameter of gasket (Seal ring Pitch Diameter), in.
    M Applied bending moment, in-lbf.
    m Gasket factor, from tables.
    m: Gasket Factor (6.5 for Ring Joint gasket of SS/ Nickel base alloy material)

    NB Number of bolts
    Pw Working pressure, psi.
    Pt Hydrostatic test pressure, psi.
    y Gasket seating stress, psi.
    y: the minimum seating stress associated with particular gasket material and is concerned only with the initial assembly
    of the joint (y=26000 for Ring Joint gasket of SS/ Nickel base alloy material)

     Linear coefficient of thermal expansion of bolting material.


     Difference in temperature between bolt and flange.

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