ENGLISH 8

FIRST QUARTER
MODULE NO. 1
TOPIC: Noting Details and Context Clues

I. INTRODUCTION
In reading, you will encounter difficult words which at times compel you to
use the dictionary or use the dictionary app found in your mobile phone. If you
fail to locate the meaning of those words, you may also fail in understanding
the entire story and its details, which eventually affect in grasping the details
the story presents. Thus, discovering the meaning of a word through its use in
a sentence or paragraph is the most real and practical way to build vocabulary.
This module will help you improve your vocabulary skills by looking into the
techniques that you can utilize while reading a text. Specifically, this will cover
the different types of Context Clues: Formal Definition, Contrast, Synonyms,
Antonyms, Summary, Restatement and Multiple Meanings.
II. OBJECTIVE/S
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
• determine the meaning of words and expression that reflect the local
culture by noting context clues; and
• use context clues from the material viewed.

III. CONCEPT SUMMARY

Context clues are indications created within a sentence, paragraph, or
passage that helps the reader to find out the meanings of new or unfamiliar
words. Context came from the Latin word con means with and textere which
means to weave.

Noting details is a skill that must be accompanied to discover meanings

of words when there are context clues presented.

IV. BRIEF DISCUSSION

1. Concept Development / Learning Tasks

QUICK CHECK
Quick Write: List the uses of dictionaries.
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 Readers do not need to check dictionaries from time to time. Context clues
are the useful tool to break the meanings of unknown words. There are
several types of clues:

TYPES OF CONTEXT CLUES

CLUE EXAMPLE METHOD
Many plants rhizomes, The reader is given a
underground stems or root definition of the word
FORMAL stems, offer an excellent source rhizomes, which means “an
DEFINITION of nutritious food. underground stem.”
The English students were more Only as used with the words
tractable than he had obstinate and resisted
participated; in fact, only his indicates contrast.
CONTRAST obstinate fifth- period class Tractable means “easily led.”
resisted an appeal to participate
in some choral reading.
SYNONYMS Jack’s ignominious behavior was Shameful and disgraceful are
shameful and disgraceful. synonyms for ignominious.
His sister reacted to Jack’s Acerbity and anger contrasted
behavior differently. Angie spoke with sweetness and love
ANTONYMS of Jack with acerbity and anger indicate that acerbity is an
while Jessica spoke with antonym of sweetness.
sweetness and love. Acerbity means “bitterness.”
Shane was completely distraught.
She could not dine her glasses; The actions described in the
her papers were all over; she did second sentences are
SUMMARY not know how to get to the vet’s summed up in the word
office, but she had to get the distraught which means
injured puppy to the doctor. “mentally confused” or
“extremely troubled.”
The result of the investigation is Using two statements or
RESTATEMENT unpredictable. No one knows sentences as a hint to
what the result will be. unknown word. “When no one
knows what the result will be,
the result is unpredictable.”
A. This figure is a square. Square is used with a different
MULTIPLE B. Let us give him a square meal. meaning in each sentence.
MEANINGS C. Try to square yourself. A. Geometrical figure
D. They will perform a square B. Satisfying meal
dance. C. Adjust or set yourself right
D. A kind of dance

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 Learn more about the context clues as reading strategy. Click on the link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgIXnzU2ZYU

A reader should depend on context clues when there is a noticeable clue to

meaning is provided, or when it is necessary for reader’s purposes. However, one
must also remember that not all times readers should rely on context clues, a
dictionary should be referred in these cases. It is also helpful to mention that
noting details from a text being read can be an aide to understanding the
meaning of a word to the entire text.
More about noting details on this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Odyct6oia8k
• Let’s Practice!
India is one of the neighboring countries of the Philippines. Enjoy reading the
story below that depicts heroic deeds manifesting Indian culture.

Ramayana: The Great Indian Epic

The Ramayana relates the story of two powerful races, the Kosalas and
the Videhas. Dasa-ratha, the king of the Kosalas, had four sons, the oldest of
whom, Rama, is the hero of the epic. The other sons were Bharat, Lakshman,
and Satrughna. Janak, the king of the Videhas, had a daughter named Sita,
who was miraculously born of the earth and who is the heroine of the epic.
Janak ordered a severe test, an archery contest, for the hand of his
daughter. Suitors from far and near tried their skill in archery but went away
disappointed. Rama succeeded and won the peerless Sita for his wife. The
brothers of Rama married a sister and a cousin of Sita. The three brothers
returned to Kosalas and were received joyfully by the people while
preparations were made for the consecration of Rama as future king of
Kosalas.

In the meantime, an intrigue developed in the palace of King Dasa-ratha.

Kaikeyi, the mother of Bharat, became jealous of the honor conferred on
Kausalya, the mother of Rama, and plotted against Rama. She went to the old
king, Dasa-ratha, and reminded him a certain promise he had made her when
he was ill- that he would give her any boon she wanted. She requested that
Rama be exiled for fourteen years in the forest of Dandak and that her son
Bharat be made regent king.

Dasa-ratha was shocked and saddened over her request, but he had no
recourse except to grant her wish. The next morning, Dasa-ratha proclaimed
the banishment of Rama and the elevation of Bharat as king regent.

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 The faithful wife Sita and the loving brother Lakshman accompanied
Rama in his exile, while the loyal people of the city of Ayodia followed their
exiled prince as far as the banks of the Tamasa River where they halted on the
first night.
Rama and his wife and Lakshman stole away night to escape the citizens
who wanted to follow them. Their wanderings during the following days, going
deeper and deeper into the forest, are described beautifully in the poem.
Three thousand years have passed, but every step of this supposed journey
is annually reenacted by thousands of devoted pilgrims in India. Rama and Sita
still live in the hearts of millions of faithful men and women in this vast country.
Rama and his wife and his wife and his brother crossed the Ganges River,
penetrating deeper into the wilderness of the forests until they came to the
hermitage of Valmiki, the reputed author of the epic.
The whole neighborhood, of this hermitage is called Rama’s country. Every
headland has some legend; every cave is connected with Rama’s name; some
of the wild fruits are even called Sita-phal because these fruits were the
reputed food of the exiles. Thousands upon thousands of Indians visit this spot
as a holy pilgrimage. Round the hill is a footpath which the people walk with
naked feet and with pious devotion.
In Ayodia Dasa-ratha grieved so much over banished Rama that he soon
died. The story now moved to Bharat who refused the throne reserved for him.
He joined Rama in the forest and implored him to return, stating that with his
father’s death, surely Rama had been released from exile. This is one of the
most impressive parts of the epic. Rama told his brother that death did not
release a son’s promise to his father.
“But I may not,” answered Rama, “seek Ayodia’s ancient throne. For
righteous father’s mandate dutious son may not disown; and I may not, gentle
brother, break the word of promise given, to a king and to a father who is now
a saint in heaven!”
Bharat made a passionate plea for Rama to return and rule Kosalas but
all in vain. Bharat then took Rama’s sandals to place them on the throne as
testimony to the people that he was ruling in Rama’s name. Rama then
penetrated deeper into Dandak forest so that his friends and relatives would
not seek him in his exile. Rama wandered from Northern India and reached
Southern India.

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 He built his forest hermitage in the wilderness that is now within a hundred miles of
modern Bombay. There he lived with Sita and Lakshman in peace and serenity for a few
years.
This ideal existence was interrupted when Raksha, a princess, fell in love with
Rama. He rejected her in scorn. He offered Lakshman to the passion-blinded Princess
Raksha. Rama heard her wicked purpose and scornful smile repressed. To the foul and
forward female thus these mocking words were addressed:

List, O passion-smitten maiden, Sita is my honored wife.

With a rival loved and cherished, cruel was thy wedded life!
But no consort follows Lakshman, peerless is his comedy face,
And he leads no wife or consort to his darksome woodland grove,
With no rival to thy passion, seek his ample-hearted love.

The wicked princess offered her love to Lakshman who mocked her and told her
to go back to Rama. Indignant and revengeful, the princess went to her brother Ravan,
the monster king who ruled over monsters of various forms. These were the dwellers of
Ceylon. Ravan sent a beautiful deer ton tempt Rama and Lakshman away from hermitage
and in their absence he stole Sita.
The second part of the poem deals with Rama’s search for Sita and the long war
with Ravan which ended in the recovery of Sita.
The epic ends with the trial by fire to which Sita submitted to prove her stainless
virtue during her captivity by Ravan. She returned with her lord and with Lakshman in
an aerial car which Rama had won from the Gods.
As Rama travelled from Southern India to Northern India, the poem gives a bird’s
eye view of the whole continent of India beautiful nature descriptions that make this part
almost travelogue.

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A. Directions: Complete the box below by identifying the meaning of the
italicized words placed in the first column. To identify the definitions of the
words, take note of the keywords that were used in the sentences. Write your
answers on the corresponding columns.

Sentences Unfamiliar Meaning Keywords

word

1. The three brothers

returned to Kosalas and
were received joyfully by
the people while Consecration
preparations were made
for the consecration of
Rama as future king of
the Kosalas.

2. Dasa-ratha was
shocked and saddened
over her request but he Request
had no recourse except
to grant her wish.

3. Round the hill is a

footpath upon which the Footpath
people walk with naked
feet and with pious
devotion.

4.In Ayodia, Dasa- ratha

grieved so much over Grieved
banished Rama that he
soon died.

5.Rama heared her Scornful

wicked purpose and a
scornful smile repressed.

Test your vocabulary further with context clues online game. Click the
link: https://www.education.com/game/context-clues-quiz/

English 8 - Module 1 - First Quarter - Page 6 of 12

B. Directions: Identify what is meant by the boldfaced unfamiliar word by
encircling the letter of the correct answer.

1. Lakshman leads no wife or consort to his darksome woodland grove.

a. companion c. partner
b. spouse d. buddy

2. Indignant and revengeful, the princess went to her brother Ravan.

a. annoyed c. offended
b. angry d. resentful

3. The monster of various forms were the dwellers of Ceylon.

a. citizens c. officials
b. occupants d. inhabitants

4. The second part of the poem deals with Rama’s search for Sita and the long
war with Ravan which ended with the recovery of Sita.
a. rescue c. restoration of health
b. regaining d. reconcile

5. The epic ends with the trial by fire to which Sita submitted to prove her
stainless virtue during her captivity by Ravan.
a. asset c. honesty
b. good- quality d. morality

2. Broadening of Concept
• How does a reader benefit from context clues?
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• What are the tendencies if a reader encounters unfamiliar words

without clues?
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• As students, when and why do you say that words are powerful?
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 • Can context help explain how an event occur? How?
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3. Integration
Sometimes people have preconceived opinion that is not based on reason
or actual experience or simply called prejudices. They jump
Read how into their own judgment without knowing the whole story
psychology defines behind the issue. If you are the victim of prejudices, what
prejudice. Click on the will be your first move?
link below:
https://www.verywell
mind.com/what-is-
prejudice-2795476

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As a speaker, what must be done to avoid casting prejudices towards
another?
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V. EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT
A. Directions: Study the following paragraphs. Note details to fill out the table
below as you discover the meaning of each underlined word using context clues
without using dictionary.
Despite the (1) tremendous success of the space program, which is very
great, much remains to be done. It will be some time before man will have the
(2) capability to settle on planets, he has to use energy, such as rocket power
in space vehicles.
One step in making such flights possible is the development of a (3) space
station, a kind of (4) orbiting platform, going around the earth. This will be
used as a place for vehicles where astronauts can get off before proceeding to
the planets.

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 The next thing to be mastered is the (5) rendezvous- the meeting in space
of two or more vehicles, such as Gemini 6 and Gemini 7. When this (6)
maneuver a complicated tie- up process is perfected, large space stations can
be assembled after sending parts (7) aloft in space. The first orbiting stations
will probably be mere space laboratories where human beings will test their
ability to (8) survive under difficult conditions for months or years. These space
stations could be used to (9) disseminate information to earth.

Unfamiliar word Meaning Type of Context Clue

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

B. Directions: Study how words are used in a sentence from the selection,
“On the Three Evils” by U Nu, a Prime Minister of Burma. Then, answer the
following questions to determine your understanding.

1. Humanity has been led astray by three evils greed, hatred, and
ignorance.
astray means______________________________________________
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Will you succeed if you go astray? Justify your answer.

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2. We cannot escape the three inevitable: old age, diseases, and death.
inevitable means
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Is death inevitable? Justify your answer.

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3. Nor can anybody deny that property is transitory: no one can carry away
his property after death.

transitory means
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Money said to be transitory. Why?

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4. Men have been chasing after these transitory pleasures with a dogged
tenacity mainly because they hold false views regarding property.

tenacity means
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In what situations do you need to manifest tenacity? Explain your answer.

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5. While some amass wealth which cannot be spent in ten lives, others have
to wallow in extreme poverty with bare rags on their bodies.

amass means
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 ____________________________________________________________
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Give examples of things people amass. Explain why they do this.
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VI. CLOSURE/SYNTHESIS
Me on the Billboard
Directions: At the center of the billboard picture below, write a sentence or tag line that
best summarizes your learning in this journey. The line must emphasize the need to be
well-informed with the changes happening around us, especially during this new
normal.

VII. REFERENCES

• Wiener, Harvey S. and Charles Bazerman. (2000) Reading Skills Handbook.

Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.

• Context Clues. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/four-types-of-

context-clues-3211721 on June 11, 2020.

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 • Context Cues. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/context-clue-
vocabulary-1689919 on June 11, 2020.

• Context Clues. Retrieved from https://cpp.edu./ramp/program-

materials/context-clues.shtml on June 10, 2020.

MY LEARNING PERFORMANCE

COMPETENCY/SKILL ASSESSMENT Score WHAT I NEED TO

(Formative and Summative) DO
Determine the
meaning of words Let’s Practice in Module 1
and expression that (Seatwork)
reflect the local
culture by noting
context clues; and

use context clues Evaluation in Module 1

from the material (Assignment)
viewed.

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