Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells .
Chloroplast Bacteria Cell
Vacuole Ribosomes Nuclear Envelope Bacteria are single - celled microbes .

The cell structure is simpler than that
of other organisms as there are no
Nucleolus nucleus or membrane -

bound organelles

Plasma
Nucleus
Membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum Pilus
Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus Capsule
Mitochondria Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus
Cell Membrane
Cell wall Nucleolus
Nucleus
Cell Wall
Plant Cell
'
It is a plant s structural and functional
Lysosome
unit. Plant cells are thought to have
Nucleoid (DNA)
developed from early green algae and
first appeared more than 500 million

Endoplasmic Reticulum
years ago in the early Paleozoic era .
Animal Cell
Mitochondria
Animal cells are the basic structural
Centrosomes
and functional
and organs .
units of animal
They are eukaryotic cells

tissues
. Flagella
Cell Membrane Ribosomes
Cell Wall
The function of The function of The function of
Plant cells . Animal cells . Bacteria Cell .
Cell wall: This is the rigid outermost layer of a plant cell.

Cell Membrane: A thin semipermeable membrane layer of Ribosome: Sites of translation (protein synthesis)
It makes the cell stiff -providing the cell with mechanical protein and fats surrounding the cell. Its primary role is to
Capsule: The capsule is a very delicate structure. It can be
support - and giving it protection. protect the cell from its surrounding. Also, it controls the entry
removed by vigorous washing. The capsule is the most
Cell Membrane: This is a protective layer that surrounds and exit of nutrients and other microscopic entities into the cell. important virulence factor of bacteria.
every cell and separates it from its external environment. Nucleus: An organelle that contains several other sub-
Cell Wall: It is an important structure of bacteria. It gives
organelles such as nucleolus, nucleosomes, and chromatins. It
Golgi body: The Golgi body is a stack of membrane-covered shape to the organism. On the basis of cell wall composition,

also contains DNA and other genetic materials.
sacs that prepares proteins for export from the cell. bacteria are classified into two major groups. Gram-Positive

Lysosomes: They are round organelles surrounded by a and gram-negative.
Vacuoles: These are large membrane-enclosed
membrane and comprising digestive enzymes which help in
compartments that store toxic wastes as well as useful Cytoplasm: It helps to distribute water, oxygen as other
digestion, excretion, and cell renewal process.
products such as water. These are mainly found in plants. substances throughout the cell. Literally, all the cellular
Golgi Apparatus: A flat, smooth layered, sac-like

content including the nucleus, and other cell organelle are
Nucleus: The nucleus is the ‘control center’ of the cell. organelle that is located near the nucleus and involved in
floating in the cytoplasm.
Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm is a thick, aqueous (water-based) manufacturing, storing, packing, and transporting the
solution in which the organelles are found. particles throughout the cell. Flagella: Flagella is not straight but is helical. It is composed
Mitochondrion: This is the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell. It Mitochondria: They are spherical or rod-shaped organelles of flagellin protein (globular protein) and is known as H
converts the energy stored in food (sugar and fat) into with a double membrane. They are the powerhouse of a cell antigen. It helps the motility of the bacteria
energy-rich molecules as they play an important role in releasing energy.
Plasma Membrane: Provides protection for a cell. It also
Chloroplast: Chloroplasts contain a green pigment that Ribosomes: They are small organelles made up of RNA- provides a fixed environment inside the cell.
traps sunlight and converts it into sugars by a process called rich cytoplasmic granules, and they are the sites of protein
photosynthesis. synthesis. Nucleoid: Essential for controlling the activity of the cell and
reproduction.
Ribosomes: These are little round structures that produce Centrosomes: It is a small organelle found near the nucleus
proteins. which has a thick center with radiating tubules. The Pilus: To attach a bacterial cell to specific surfaces or to other
centrosomes are where microtubules are produced. cells.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The ER is a membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum: This cellular organelle is composed
system of folded sacs and tunnels. The ER helps move
of a thin, winding network of membranous sacs originating
proteins within the cell as well as export them outside of the
from the nucleus.
cell.
Nucleolus: Makes ribosomal subunits from proteins and
ribosomal RNA, also known as rRNA. It then sends the
subunits out to the rest of the cell where they combine into
complete ribosomes.

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells .

Chloroplast Bacteria Cell

Vacuole Ribosomes Nuclear Envelope Bacteria are single - celled microbes .

of other organisms as there are no

Nucleolus nucleus or membrane -

first appeared more than 500 million

They are eukaryotic cells

Plant cells . Animal cells . Bacteria Cell .

Cell wall: This is the rigid outermost layer of a plant cell.

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