Media and Information Literacy: Quarter 2 - Module 11 & 12 Week 6

Media and
Information
Literacy
Quarter 2 – Module 11 & 12
Week 6
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A. QUARTER: Second
B. WEEK: 6
C. TEACHER: LOUIE J. RAMOS
D. CONTENT STANDARDS:
• The learner demonstrates understanding of different resources of media and
information, their design principle and elements, and selection criteria.
E. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS:
• The learner produces a living museum or electronic portfolio or any other creative
forms of multimedia showcasing their/his/her understanding, insights, and
perceptions of the different resources of media and information.
F. MELC:
• Produce a creative text-based, visual based, audio-based, motion-based, and
manipulative-based presentation using design principle and element.
G. LECTURE NOTES:
WHAT IS AUDIO?
AUDIO is a sound especially when recorded, transmitted or

reproduced.
AUDIO MEDIA
▪ media communication that uses audio or recordings to
deliver and transfer information through the means of sound.
TYPES OF AUDIO INFORMATION

1. Radio broadcast - live or recorded audio sent through radio waves to reach a wide
audience.
2. Music – vocal or instrumental sounds combined in such a way as to produce beauty of
form, harmony, and expression of emotion.
3. Sound Recording – recording of an interview, meeting, or any sound from the
environment.
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4. Sound clips/effects – any sound artificially reproduced to create an effect in a dramatic

presentation (ex. Sound of a storm, or a door)
5. Audio Podcast – a digital audio or video file or recording, usually part of a themed series
that can be downloaded from a website to a media player or a computer.
ELEMENTS OF SOUND DESIGN

1. Dialogue – speech, conversation, voice-over
2. Sound Effects – any sound other than music or dialogue
3. Music – vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) combined in such a way as to produce
beauty of form, harmony and expression of emotion.
PRINCIPLES OF SOUND DESIGN

1. Mixing – the combination, balance and control of multiple sound elements
2. Pace – time control, editing, order of events (linear, non-linear or multi-linear)
3. Stereo Imaging – using left and right channel for depth. This refers to the aspect of sound
recording and reproduction.
4. Transition – how you get from one segment or element to another.
TYPES OF TRANSITIONS
1. Segue – one element stops, the next begins (“cut” in film)
2. Cross-fade – one element fades out, the next fades in, and they overlap on the way.
3. V-Fade – first element fades to inaudible before the second elements begins.
4. Waterfall – as first element fades out, the second element begins at full volume. Better
for voice transitions, than for effects.
Note that podcasts are audio and should have the learners’ output be audio only. Here are the
general procedure for creating a podcast:
1. Planning - choosing a topic and answering the guide questions
2. Pre-recording - choosing your equipment and software for recording
3. Creating your Podcast - audio recording and converting to MP3
4. Uploading your Podcast - choosing where to upload through RSS Feed
5. Informing people about the Podcast
6. Explain the rubrics for assessment of learner’s output.
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Different audio file formats:

1. MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3) - a common format for consumer audio, as well as a
standard of digital audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on
most digital audio players.
2. M4A/AAC (MPEG-4 Audio/Advanced Audio Coding) - an audio coding standard
for lossy digital audio compression. Designed to be the successor of the MP3
format, AAC generally achieves better sound quality than MP3 at similar bit
rates.
3. WAV - is a Microsoft audio file format standard for storing an audio bitstream
on PCs. It has become a standard file format for game sounds, among others.
4. WMA (Windows Media Audio) - is an audio data compression technology
developed by Microsoft and used with Windows Media Player.
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LET’S ANSWER!
Activity 1 – Reflection
Podcasts may be tough for learners who are not used to consuming audio-only content.
Use your reactions (boredom, losing interest, etc.) to discuss how audio-only content should be
different compared to audio-visual and visual-only media.
The learner will write a short reflection on what they learned about podcasts, as well as
the importance of sound or audio in media production.
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A. QUARTER: Second
B. WEEK: 6
C. TEACHER: LOUIE J. RAMOS
D. CONTENT STANDARDS:
• The learner demonstrates understanding of different resources of media and
information, their design principle and elements, and selection criteria.
E. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS:
• The learner produces a living museum or electronic portfolio or any other creative
forms of multimedia showcasing their/his/her understanding, insights, and
perceptions of the different resources of media and information.
F. MELC:
• Produce a creative text-based, visual based, audio-based, motion-based, and
manipulative-based presentation using design principle and element.
G. LECTURE NOTES:
Have you seen a flip book or flick book?
FLIP BOOK OR FLICK BOOK is a book with a series of pictures that very gradually change
from one page to the next, so that when the pages are turned rapidly, the pictures appear to
animate by simulating motion or some other change.
MOTION MEDIA
• Motion Media is visual media that gives the appearance
of movement.
• Can be a collection of graphics, footage, videos.
• It is combined with audio, text, and/or interactive
content to create multimedia.
Motion Media can be produced formally and informally.

Informally produced motion media are created by individuals often for personal use.
Formally produced motion media are created by professionals who follow industry
standards in creating, editing and producing motion media.
Formal production of animations involves the following steps:
• writing the story - writers and directors create the story board
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• script is written, and dialogue is recorded

• animators sketch major scenes; inbetweeners fill in the gaps
• background music and background details are added
• drawings are rendered
In motion media:
• each picture is a frame and that motion is created by rendering or showing
consecutively several frames per second.
• 24 frames (pictures) or more per second makes for a smooth animation; videos,
film, slides also make use of frames.
• the series of graphics or images follow a sequence to create a story. This sequence
is often called a storyboard which shows a set of components (audio, visual,
videos, etc.) changing in time to create a story or a message.
Videos are produced in the same manner except that instead of drawing the scenes they
are acted out and shot. Once the scenes have been shot, all clips are edited and put together in a
final product.
The basic methods on determining the credibility of motion media:
• Validity of information – Is it peer reviewed and verifiable
• Source - Primary or secondary source? Does the video capture the actual event or
does it simply present information learned about an event?
• Relationship of the author to the event – Does he have firsthand knowledge
• Technical methods of detecting tampering/fake video:
o Smoothness of video – This is often detected when movements are not smooth;
when action seems to jump from one position to another, as if some action was
missing
o Lighting coverage matches - One way to detect lighting matches is to look at the
shadows; the source of light determines the size and direction of the shadow
o Scale and size consistent- scale refers to how the size of the objects in reference
to one another are near the real thing. If the picture is reduced or enlarged by a
certain percent, then all of the objects should be resized by that percent. Objects
that are far away are usually smaller than objects that are nearer.
Advantages of motion media and information:
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• It captures motion in a manner that can be viewed repeatedly

• It can show processes in detail and in sequence
• Simulations allow for safe observation
• It can cut across different cultures and groups
• It allows scenes, history, events and phenomenon to be recreated
• It enables learning with emotions
Limitations of motion media and information:

• Compared to other forms of visual media the viewer cannot always interrupt the
presentation.
• It is often more costly than other forms of visual media.
• Other data may be presented best using still images. Examples are graphs, diagrams,
maps.
• It is subject to misinterpretation
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ACTIVITY
MOTION-BASED MEDIA
LET’S CREATE!
Directions:
1. The learners will:
“Think of his/her target audience and choose a topic. How would you present the topic
to your audience using motion media and information? What is your message? What do you
need to know about your message and your audience? Write your thoughts and questions
on a sheet of paper.”
2. Plan the script and storyboard. The story should be played out in 1 minutes.
3. Steps in creating a storyboard:
• Create a timeline of your story. This will allow you to identify key events in your
story.
• Draw a mind map. Tell learners” A mind map will help flesh out all ideas that you
have. Write down all your ideas and draw lines to indicate the connections of these
ideas.”
• Identify key scenes. Tell learners” Now let us start your storyboard. Get/give a
manila paper.
• Fold it into 8 squares. For each square, draw 3 lines at the bottom. The space above
is where you draw your key scenes. The lines below are where you write the
details.”
4. Each student should submit their outputs the following format:
A. Mini Project Description (Those in italics are sample answers)
Name:
Section:
Topic : Bullying
Audience : Children age 13-16
Description of Audience: High school children who are leaders in their school
Message: Bullying can happen anywhere. Bullying must not be allowed in school.
P a g e | 10
B. Script
C. Storyboard
P a g e | 11
Sample Storyboard

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Media and Information Literacy: Quarter 2 - Module 11 & 12 Week 6

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Media and

AUDIO is a sound especially when recorded, transmitted or

TYPES OF AUDIO INFORMATION

4. Sound clips/effects – any sound artificially reproduced to create an effect in a dramatic

ELEMENTS OF SOUND DESIGN

PRINCIPLES OF SOUND DESIGN

Different audio file formats:

Motion Media can be produced formally and informally.

• script is written, and dialogue is recorded

• It captures motion in a manner that can be viewed repeatedly

Limitations of motion media and information:

A. Mini Project Description (Those in italics are sample answers)

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