St. Vincent College of Cabuyao: Bachelor of Science in Criminology
St. Vincent College of Cabuyao: Bachelor of Science in Criminology
St. Vincent College of Cabuyao: Bachelor of Science in Criminology
A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Criminology
St. Vincent College of Cabuyao
Barangay Mamatid, City of Cabuyao, Laguna
Macasil, Jeth L.
Torres,Mark Kenneth M
October 2021
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
Chapter 1
Introduction
Inhalant Abuse, Which is also known as volatile substance abuse, solvent abuse, sniffing, huffing
and bugging is the deliberate inhalation of a volatile substance to achieve an altered mental state.
Inhalant abuse is a worldwide problem that is especially common in individuals from minority
and marginalized populations, and strongly correlated with the social determinants of health. It
often affects younger children, compared with other forms of substance abuse, and crosses social
and ethnic boundaries. Widespread screening and early referrals to treatment programs have
resulted in significant improvement in the mental, physical and social conditions of those
affected.
The Purpose of this study is to inform teachers and other relevant professionals about solvent use
by young people. It is not intended for and should not be used with students. It is generally
there use and this applies to the majority of school students. Sniffing or snorting involves the
direct inhalation of fumes, bagging from a plastic or paper bag, huffing from a rag or cloth
soaked in the substance held over the mouth or nose, glaring from air freshener aerosols, and
dusting involves the direct spraying of aerosols cleaners into the mouth or nose. Often several
deep inhalations are needed to achieve full euphoric effects. Rapid pulmonary absorption and
The greatest concentration of inhalant can be obtained through bagging and huffing thus, these
methods of abuse are preferred. Initial effects are similar to those of anesthetic stimulation,
disinhibition and euphoria. These sensations may be followed by hallucinations and then a
general depression including slurred speech and disturbed gait , dizziness, disorientation and
Rebreathing when bagging potentiates the intoxication by causing hypercapnia and hypoxia,
further drowsiness and headache can persist for hours because of residual intoxication. Tiredness
and sleep often limit the degree of intoxication. Inhalants have a wide range of effects on
neurotransmitter release and receptors, with a few similar cellular actions as those of other
The products associated with solvent abuse are legal, accessible and inexpensive. So they offer
the possibility of a fast-acting ‘high’ which usually passes off quickly without a hangover. This
Many young people who experiment with volatile substances do so out of curiosity. Others may
be copying older peers or trying to be part of a group. Some might want to shock parents or
carers. Solvent abuse might also be a response to problems in other areas of a person’s life.
Stress, anxiety, bereavement, loneliness etc. Some people might use volatile substances
Many Rugby boys have resorted to crime to fund their addiction. These crimes include robbery,
In a recent television documentary by Karen Davila, a Filipino broadcaster, a boy they ordered to
buy Rugby from a store easily purchased a bottle of Rugby, and was told by the store owner that
the Rugby should be wrapped in paper to conceal it. This is because there is a law prohibiting the
businessmen recruit and teach children how to get away with buying it. Many of their crimes
The majority of volatile inhalant or solvent users are teenage boys and girls who are still in
school. Only a small number seek treatment for problematic use of these substances.
Nonetheless, there are a number of fatalities each year as a result of inhaling these everyday
household products volatile substance should be include in drug education and given the same
priority as other illicit substances. Research is necessary to determine the appropriate age at
which to introduce volatile inhalant education and identity the messages that should be given.
This is because research carried out in some country found that providing education to children
about the dangers of volatile inhalant use had in some cases encouraged experimentation with
The other consuming preoccupation of the street child, aside from money and food, is “Rugby”.
“Rugby” is the brand name of a contact cement sold in hardware stores. It is an inhalant and has
come to be the favorite drug of use by the street children. “Rugby” has become part and parcel of
the daily routine of the street child and sniffing it comes almost as naturally to them as eating and
sleeping. It has become, in a sense, part of their survival mechanism in the jungles of the city
streets. A complex of patterned practices and relationships has developed around “Rugby” use
along with a set of norms and values that organize and put order to these practices and
relationships. We shall deal with the particulars of this subculture in the subsequent segment.
Sleep marks the end of the street child’s day. As with waking up, there is no regular place for
sleeping. For many sleep takes place where nightfall overtakes them or wherever their drugged
The favored drug/substance of use among the street children are inhalants, particularly
“Rugby”. Rugby is a brand name of contact cement. It is a type of glue ordinarily used to bond
contains an ingredient, toluene, a controlled substance which is used in the manufacture of the
inhalant. It is often considered as a “gateway drug” that young people use before moving on to
other drugs of abuse. Inhalants and solvents like “Rugby” can be habit forming because they
contain addictive elements. They can be exceptionally dangerous when abused and prolonged
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
substance in use. Most of the street children smoke cigarettes and drink alcohol. One of them
admitted having had some experience with marijuana and shabu. Most of the street children are
unable to tell when they started on the substance. As far they could remember Rugby had always
Sniffing Rugby is more of a group than an individual activity. They find it more
enjoyable when done in a group because it is oftentimes interspersed with play and childish
fights. Besides, they feel less vulnerable in the event of a confrontation with government
“rescuers” when in a group. There is no standard time for “sniffing”. But afternoons up to
midnight are the more common period of the day when Rugby sniffing occurs. Two to three
bottles of Rugby are consumed in a week. They make sure not to run out of supply by regulating
their intake of the substance. They store the substance in PET bottles to slow down its drying up.
This type of containers is preferred, too, because the substance can be easily dispensed from
them. They are light and small and can be easily hidden underneath their oversized t- shirt from
Rugby is easily available in any hardware store. The price ranges from P 31.00 to P35.00
a bottle. The cost is shared among the street children. They pool their money together each of
them contributing somewhere from P10.00 (sometimes less) to P15.00. –We chip in money.
Sometimes, I give P10. My friends make up for the rest until we pooled enough to buy a bottle at
P35. –We pool together our money. When I have no money I just ask for a free sniff. It is always
better to contribute because then you are sure to get your share.
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
It would seem illogical that those who barely have the means to survive would fritter
away their scarce and hard earned money on drugs. But life in the street is not ruled by logic as
logic is commonly understood. Drug/substance use among street children has its own brand of
rationality, a rationality which may not be apparent even to the children themselves. The children
were not short of explanations for their drug taking behavior. For some (Louie, Indang, and
Raul) Rugby sniffing was their way of filling in their idle hours. Availability of the drug at home
is Totoy’s way of explaining his involvement in Rugby. For others taking Rugby was an
alternative means, no matter how tentative, of staving off hunger. The children also speak of
feeling a sense of “being part of the Rugby Boys” circle when they use the substance. Children
who are non-sniffers are regarded as half-members who are yet to reach full membership. In this
sense, initiation to Rugby use serves as a kind of rite of passage. Rugby use bestows on the
The other consuming preoccupation of the street child, aside from money and food, is
“Rugby”. “Rugby” is the brand name of a contact cement sold in hardware stores. It is an
inhalant and has come to be the favorite drug of use by the street children. “Rugby” has become
part and parcel of the daily routine of the street child and sniffing it comes almost as naturally to
them as eating and sleeping. It has become, in a sense, part of their survival mechanism in the
jungles of the city streets. A complex of patterned practices and relationships has developed
around “Rugby” use along with a set of norms and values that organize and put order to these
practices and relationships. We shall deal with the particulars of this subculture in the subsequent
segment.
Sleep marks the end of the street child’s day. As with waking up, there is no regular place
for sleeping. For many sleep takes place where nightfall overtakes them or wherever their
The favored drug/substance of use among the street children are inhalants, particularly
“Rugby”. Rugby is a brand name of contact cement. It is a type of glue ordinarily used to bond
contains an ingredient, toluene, a controlled substance which is used in the manufacture of the
inhalant. It is often considered as a “gateway drug” that young people use before moving on to
other drugs of abuse. Inhalants and solvents like “Rugby” can be habit forming because they
contain addictive elements. They can be exceptionally dangerous when abused and prolonged
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
substance in use. Most of the street children smoke cigarettes and drink alcohol. One of them
admitted having had some experience with marijuana and shabu. Most of the street children are
unable to tell when they started on the substance. As far they could remember Rugby had always
Sniffing Rugby is more of a group than an individual activity. They find it more
enjoyable when done in a group because it is oftentimes interspersed with play and childish
fights. Besides, they feel less vulnerable in the event of a confrontation with government
“rescuers” when in a group. There is no standard time for “sniffing”. But afternoons up to
midnight are the more common period of the day when Rugby sniffing occurs. Two to three
bottles of Rugby are consumed in a week. They make sure not to run out of supply by regulating
their intake of the substance. They store the substance in PET bottles to slow down its drying up.
This type of containers is preferred, too, because the substance can be easily dispensed from
them. They are light and small and can be easily hidden underneath their oversized t- shirt from
Rugby is easily available in any hardware store. The price ranges from P 31.00 to P35.00
a bottle. The cost is shared among the street children. They pool their money together each of
them contributing somewhere from P10.00 (sometimes less) to P15.00. –We chip in money.
Sometimes, I give P10. My friends make up for the rest until we pooled enough to buy a bottle at
P35. –We pool together our money. When I have no money I just ask for a free sniff. It is always
better to contribute because then you are sure to get your share.
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
away their scarce and hard earned money on drugs. But life in the street is not ruled by logic as
logic is commonly understood. Drug/substance use among street children has its own brand of
rationality, a rationality which may not be apparent even to the children themselves. The children
were not short of explanations for their drug taking behavior. For some (Louie, Indang, and
Raul) Rugby sniffing was their way of filling in their idle hours. Availability of the drug at home
is Totoy’s way of explaining his involvement in Rugby. For others taking Rugby was an
alternative means, no matter how tentative, of staving off hunger. The children also speak of
feeling a sense of “being part of the Rugby Boys” circle when they use the substance. Children
who are non-sniffers are regarded as half-members who are yet to reach full membership. In this
sense, initiation to Rugby use serves as a kind of rite of passage. Rugby use bestows on the
Theoretical Framework
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
This study aimed to identify and assess the opportunities of the solvent boy.
a. Age
b. Gender
c. Address
d. Household Income
a. Positive
b. Negative
4. Based on the findings of the research, what are other suggestions can be addressed for a
solvent boy?
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
Conceptual Framework
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
This study is important to the research for her/him to know the prevalence of solvent boys in
barangay paciano calamba city. This study also undertaken to investigate and find out why do
solvent boys spread in the said place.it will give new knowledge and suggestion for future
researcher to conduct studies related to this research. This research in the future as a reference in
Hypothesis 1: There is significant relationship between the benefits of the prevelance of solvent
boys when grouped according to the level of awareness of benificiares to prevelence of using
solovent
This study is expected to cover the prevalence of solvent boys as a basis for the expansion within
barangay, paciano, Calamba city. The coverage of the study will focus on the background of
using solvent and why it is prevalence to the teenagers. This study was started by the 3rd week of
august year 2021 and expected to be accomplished by the December of the same year .
This study will be held at barangay paciano Calamba city province of laguna, Philippines. It is
only limited to its respondent from the solvent boys selected according to the sampling method
of the , which is simple random sampling, and has no intention, furthermore , the investigation
will use the mixed methods or quantitative and qualitative research as the research design of the
study. Moreover, the researches will use self- inventerd structured question as their research
instrument. Hence , the gathered data will be subjected to analysis and small lead the way to the
Definition of Term
Euphoria - is an overwhelming feeling of happiness, joy, and well-being. People experiencing
euphoria may feel carefree, safe, and free of stress. This emotion can be either a normal reaction
to happy events or a symptom of substance abuse and certain mental health conditions.
as to be almost incomprehensible.
disability or illness.
Gait - is a person's pattern of walking. Walking involves balance and coordination of muscles so
that the body is propelled forward in a rhythm, called the stride. There are numerous possibilities
Intoxication - is the term used to describe any change in perception, mood, thinking processes
and motor skills that result from the effect of a drug(s) on our central nervous system.
Hypercapnia - is a buildup of carbon dioxide in your bloodstream. It affects people who have
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). If you have COPD, you can't breathe as easily
Hypoxia- Having low oxygen levels in your blood is called hypoxemia. Having low oxygen
levels in your tissues is called hypoxia. Hypoxemia can happen in high altitudes.
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or junction, causes the transfer of
the impulse to another nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, or some other structure.
Benzodiazepines - A class of drugs that act as tranquilizers and are commonly used in the
Barbiturates - are depressant drugs that slow down the central nervous system (CNS), and they
are commonly used to treat issues like anxiety, headaches, insomnia, and seizures.
Snorting - make a sudden sound through one's nose, especially to express indignation or derision
and to force air violently through the nose with a rough harsh sound.