The document provides information about a biology learning activity sheet for students including:
- The three basic components of the cell theory which state that all living things are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- Key scientists such as Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow who made discoveries that led to the formulation of the cell theory through the microscope.
- The structure and functions of major cell organelles such as the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others. Students are tasked to learn and apply this information through various learning activities.
The document provides information about a biology learning activity sheet for students including:
- The three basic components of the cell theory which state that all living things are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- Key scientists such as Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow who made discoveries that led to the formulation of the cell theory through the microscope.
- The structure and functions of major cell organelles such as the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others. Students are tasked to learn and apply this information through various learning activities.
The document provides information about a biology learning activity sheet for students including:
- The three basic components of the cell theory which state that all living things are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- Key scientists such as Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow who made discoveries that led to the formulation of the cell theory through the microscope.
- The structure and functions of major cell organelles such as the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others. Students are tasked to learn and apply this information through various learning activities.
The document provides information about a biology learning activity sheet for students including:
- The three basic components of the cell theory which state that all living things are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- Key scientists such as Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow who made discoveries that led to the formulation of the cell theory through the microscope.
- The structure and functions of major cell organelles such as the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and others. Students are tasked to learn and apply this information through various learning activities.
Grade and Section: ________________________________
Important Reminders: Use this activity sheet with care. Read the directions carefully before doing each task. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY (MELC):
Explain the postulates of the cell theory
STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-1
LESSON 1: THE CELL THEORY
I.EXPLORE A. Drill What comes into your mind when you hear the word “CELL”? Write at least 2 words which you think describes “CELL”. B. Review 1. What is the smallest unit of life? 2. What is the definition of cell? C. Motivation PRE-ACTIVITY Direction: Complete the three basic components of the cell theory by arranging these words in proper order. All your answers must be written on a separate sheet of paper.
1. LIVING OF CELLS OR ONE ALL MORE THINGS COMPOSED ARE
2. IS UNIT THE BASIC CELL LIFE OF THE
3. FROM ARISE CELLS PRE-EXISTING CELLS ALL
II. LEARN Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. Cells also contain the body’s hereditary material and can make copies of themselves. Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell. In this lesson, you are to explain the postulates of the cell theory. The three postulates of the cell theory offer the basis on how an organism is considered as a living thing. Prior to the invention of the very first microscope, everything that could not be seen by the naked eye was unexplainable. In 1665, English physicist Robert Hooke used of the first light microscopes to look at thin slices of plant tissues. One of these, a slice of cork, especially caught his eye. Under the microscope, cork seemed to be made of thousands of tiny chambers. Hooke called this chamber ―cells because they reminded him of a monastery ‘s tiny rooms, which were also known as cells. Until 1676, Anton van Leeuwenhoek published his observations on tiny living organisms which he named animalcules. It was believed that Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe under his microscope the structure of a red blood cell of different animals as well as a sperm cell. One of the leading botanists in his time, Robert Brown in 1831 was able to compare diverse kinds of plant specimens under the microscope. He markedly indicated that there is a common thing about them-they are all composed of cells, and inside the cell is a dark dense spot which he termed as the nucleus. A few years later, German botanist Matthias Schleiden (1838) concluded that all plant parts are made of cells. Theodor Schwann (1839), also a botanist and a close friend of Schleiden stated that all animal tissues are composed of cells, too. In 1858, Rudolf Virchow concluded that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
Figure 1.1. Structure of cork using a microscope as seen by Robert Hooke (1665) The discoveries made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow, and others led to the formulation of the cell theory. The cell theory describes the properties of all cells. This theory can be summed up into three basics components: (1) all living things are composed of one or more cells; (2) the cell is the basic unit of life; and (3) all cells arise from pre-existing cells. III. ENGAGED The Discovery of Cell
Matthias Schleiden Robert Hooke Theodor Schwann
Anton van Leeuwenhoek Rudolf Virchow
Direction: Research on the “Cell Theory” which tells about the discovery of cell. Take note of the scientists and their respective works. Choose from the box which scientist gave the following statements.
__________1. All cells come from pre-existing cells (1858).
__________2. All animals are made up of cells (1839). __________3. All plants are made up of cells (1838). __________4. Tiny living organisms are observed (1676). __________5. Thousands of tiny empty chambers in cork are called cells (1665).
IV. APPLY Reflection: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the cell theory and what does it state?
2. What do we call the basic generalizations that are accepted by modern
science about cell? _________________________________________________________________
3. Among the scientists, who advanced the cell theory with his conclusion that cells could only come from other cells? _________________________________________________________________
5. What caused scientists to discover the existence of cells?
_________________________________________________________________ MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY (MELC): Describe the structure and function of major and subcellular organelles STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-2
LESSON 2: CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS
I.EXPLORE
A. Drill
Direction: Arrange the following scrambled letters.
The cell is the basic unit of life. Our body is made up of millions and billions of them. A cell is like a tiny system. Inside the cell are organelles with different functions. Among these organelles are; nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, cell membrane and cell wall.
C. Motivation
• Imagine our establishments, houses and schools are permeable to
anyone, what do you think will happen to our everyday life?
• Do you think cells also needs guards or barriers to protect what’s
inside them? II. LEARN CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS Cells’ Structures Functions 1. Cell Membrane 1. Separates cell from external environment; controls passage of organic molecules, ions, water, oxygen and wastes into and out of the cell 2. Cytoplasm 2. Provides structure to cell; site of many metabolic reactions; medium in which organelles are found 3. Nucleolus 3. Location of DNA 4. Nucleus 4. Cell organelle that houses DNA and directs synthesis of ribosomes and proteins 5. Ribosomes 5. Protein synthesis 6. Mitochondria 6. ATP production or cellular respiration 7. Peroxisomes 7. Oxidizes and breaks down fatty acids and amino acids and detoxifies poisons 8. Vesicles and Vacuoles 8. Storage and transport; digestive function in plant cells 9. Centrosome 9. Unspecified role in cell division in animal cells; organizing center of microtubules in animal cells 10. Lysosomes 10. Digestion of macromolecules; recycling or worn out organelles 11. Cell wall 11. Protection, structural support and maintenance of cell shape 12. Chloroplast 12. Photosynthesis 13. Endoplasmic reticulum 13. Modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids 14. Golgi apparatus 14. Modifies, sorts, tags, packages and distributes lipids and proteins 15. Cytoskeleton 15. Maintains cell ‘s shape, secure organelles on specific positions, allows cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enables unicellular organisms to move independently 16. Flagella 16. Cellular locomotion 17. Cilia 17. Cellular locomotion, movement of particles along extracellular surface of plasma membrane, and filtration III. ENGAGED
Direction:
________1. Control center, stores DNA
________2. Center of the nucleus, produces ribosomes ________3. Controls passage of organic molecules, ions, water, oxygen and wastes into and out of the cell. ________4. Provides structure to cell; gel-like fluid in which organelles are found ________5. Powerhouse of the cell‖, releases energy from food ________6. Small structures for protein synthesis ________7. Modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids ________8. Modifies, sorts, tags, packages and Distributes lipids and proteins ________9. Garbage disposal, digestion of macromolecules; recycling or worn out organelles. ________10. Storage and transport; digestive function in plant cells. ________11. Site of photosynthesis, trap sunlight to make food ________12. Protection, structural support and maintenance of cell shape
IV. APPLY
Direction: Using a Venn Diagram or Tabular form show the difference between a plant cell and animal cell.
Features Plant Cell Animal Cell
Cell shape Rectangular (fixed shape) Round (irregular shape) Cell Wall Present and is formed of Absent cellulose Cell Membrane Present and is covered by the Present cell wall Nucleus Present Present Vacuole A large central vacuole taking One or more small up 90% of the cell volume vacuoles Plastids Present Present Chloroplast Present and make their own Absent food Endoplasmic Present Present Reticulum Ribosomes Present Present Mitochondria Present Present SUMMATIVE TEST in BIOLOGY 1 QUARTER 1 WEEK 1
DIRECTION: Read and understand carefully the questions and write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided below.
LESSON 1: THE CELL THEORY
______1. Who was the first person to see under the microscope and give them a Name? a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek c. Robert Hooke b. Theodor Schwann d. Matthias Schleiden ______2. He discovered that all plants were made of cells, which contributed to The development of the cell theory: a. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek c. Robert Hooke b. Theodor Schwann d. Matthias Schleiden ______3. He advanced the cell theory with his conclusion that cells could only Come from another cell: a. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek c. Rudolph Virchow b. Theodor Schwann d. Robert Hooke ______4. This structure serves as the outer boundary of the eukaryotic cell: a. Flagella c. cytoskeleton b. Cell membrane d. capsule ______5. Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotes do not have: a. DNA c. Cytoplasm b. Cell walls d. a membrane bound nucleus ______6. Which of the following is NOT one of the main components of the cell Theory? a. Cells must contain DNA b. All living things are made of cells c. Cells can only come from other cells d. Cells are the basic unit of life ______7. Rudolph Virchow’s observation helped to disproved was commonly Held belief of the time? a. Evolution c. the existence of molecules b. Spontaneous generation d. atomic models ______8. The word cyto means: a. Cell c. dark b. Jelly d. small ______9. Tiny structures that carry out cell functions are collectively called: a. Animalcules c. organelles b. Tissues d. ribosomes ______10. Which technology was essential for the development of the cell theory a. Telescope c. antiseptics b. Microwaves d. microscopes
LESSON 2: CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS
______11. Which intervention played the biggest role in the discovery of cells by Early scientists? a. Magnifying glass c. lens b. Eyeglasses d. compound microscope ______12. Specialized structures that work together inside a cell are called? a. Organelles c. prokaryotes b. Eukaryotes d. nuclei ______13. The cell theory states that all organisms are made of cells; cells are The most basic unit of life; and a. All existing cells from by free-cell formation b. All cells have a nucleus c. All existing cells are produced by other living cells d. All cells are eukaryotic ______14. Unlike a eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell does not have a. DNA c. a cell membrane b. Cytoplasm d. a nucleus ______15. What is the term for the jellylike substance that is contained inside The cell membrane? a. DNA c. cytoplasm b. Organelle d. nucleus ______16. Which of the following is a network of protein that supports and gives Shape to a cell? a. Vesicles c. vacuole b. Cytoskeleton d. cytoplasm ______17. What is the main functions of Golgi Apparatus? a. Communicate with another cell b. convert solar energy to chemical c. process and deliver proteins d. copy genetic information ______18. Which of the following can be found in the cytoplasm and on the Surface of the endoplasmic reticulum? a. Mitochondria c. centrosomes b. Ribosomes d. centrioles ______19. Which organelles contains enzymes that break down damaged cell Parts? a. Centriole c. lysosomes b. Vacuole d. mitochondria ______20. Which organelles supply energy to a cell? a. Mitochondria c. centrosomes b. Vacuoles d. ribosomes ______21. Gasoline is to car as Glucose is to a a. Mitochondrion c. nucleus b. Vacuole d. cell wall ______22. Which plant organelle stores water? a. Nucleus c. ribosome b. Lysosome d. vacuole ______23. Which best describes rough ER? a. studded with ribosomes b. Protected by vesicles c. connected to Golgi Apparatus d. Stored in the vacuole ______24. Which organelles are unique to plant cells? a. Ribosomes c. vacuoles b. Chloroplasts d. centrosomes ______25. What is the main difference between plant and animal cells? a. Animal cells are eukaryotes and plant cells are not b. Plant cells are eukaryotes and animal cells are not c. Animas cell have cell walls and plant cells do not d. Plant cells have cell walls and animal cells do not
