Electrostatics 5 2022

By
Shyam Mohan Bhaiya
 Home work .

Solve the Miscllaneous exercise at end of chapter from Module.

 Solid dielectric sphere
-
of density f (uniform)
iusdulator q
[ .BR
¥#
.

1) charge
.

+
exist (stay ) inside
"
can
t
r

+
volume
the of a dielectric
←
.
X
⇐
.
T
E

Es
.
- - - - -
-

I
)
z can exist inside a
H ft radius
dielectric medium .
f t t

IR .

By symmetry , field L 5=1%7

lines will be
radially Q is filled ( stuffed ) in radius R .

outwards
gfpcr ) depends addy radial distance
.

on

from centre
,
we call it
spheiqne.by .

To Chini.de 1rem
Take Gaussian sphere of radius r CR

§EaI=Oias Egede , #

SEDA Etr
'
I %gr
'

Coro =

Go ←

£ f- Ts
HN)
-

E = earn
-

3 Go

EH=f÷=Ii÷ ,
Irem
 EG )
-
outside sphere ( r >R)

form
of sphere
in
Take as
of radius r> R .

JOE .dF= Qin ⇐ f

-

Eo s l
E

{ KIND =
TREE ←
'
M¥
Eo
Eo
E
l ' E
-
-

EGF
Q
Z
f -

f
-

r >
02
Same as field of a point charge .

spherically symmetric distributions betake

like wi outside region
-

a point charge .

soe.to
{ ( 4AM = -
saw .
C-
o
. .
÷.

E (r) SQ within
=

spherically r
for
4¥r2 symmetric
1 .
Sclidconductiypherey f of
charge resides (
stays) on +
t t

surface
of a conducted +
metal t

. t→
and in
never
conducting + metal t

(volume ) . medium .
I + x

# giffen
+ +

2 .
I can not exist inside is .

a conductor .
5=0411722
Ju conductors, there is
always meaning
of T but never
f .

for ref ⑤ E. DI = Qin

= C-o

Elaine) =

Eo E=o (ram
inside .

try Ewart -

E E
ratafia .

said
Cmdnctiysphere Solid Dielectwcsphere
EH
'-f÷÷!÷?r E-
f.EE#I..r-r
On

Eye RJR
 ?
Ein
- -
"

÷÷¥÷ a¥ -

ear .

o_O

R , .

µhin Ferial
+
t
+ +
+

+
µ
t
shel l f ffradi f k.
µg s I
+
+
'
-
+ + +
+
+

'
-

y
.

a.ir#Q
t

ai
# .
r → : ¥→
+
0
+
air ¥ air

F- '
an

y
.

Thin Thin dielectric shell

shell
conducting
Gauss 's
By applying law
again
on

shells in a similar manner

,
we
get

{
0 KR inside
EG ) =

G- r
>R outside .

41170 r2

Basically fields of , solid conducting sphere

and both thin shells is SAME .
 Electric Potential at a point AA is
VA .

Electric Potential at point A in a field is the

by ext .

agent
work done min bringing unit positive
a

charge ( tic) from outside the field ( infinity) .

If the point A with constant speed .

FIE Eby field

-

A F-
by field +1C

from
External
agent applies free Feit infinity
to
.

balance field free .

✓ Potential at point A
external
agent
.

by
= V
A .

↳ ton VA for TIC charge

Winton =
Vat VA=2Va fort 2C charge .

A=VAthtVAtHtVA Va Her
-15C
Wa to charge .
 Ju General

Nato A= EVA
to
bring q

by ext .

agent
This stored PE
wake .at .
is
getting as .

PE associated with placed A

a
change q at

electric field
in an =
EVA .

Potential A
difference between and B .

Let us dope E from niftily to B

bring a in

Evo steps .

#n
B
E
←⑨TE×e
byfield
&

↳ to B =
WN to At WA to B

q VB =
Etat WALTB
hehe 'mbr
WAGE 9h43 tf) by
ext
agent
-
-

this .

waasaf7fIgf:fIgaf£IaYanmoaI
'
 ?¥¥"I¥t¥%h
Relating E and V
.

let us transfer e B
.

from A- to B .

1) WAGE Elvis Va) by ext agent

-
-
.

B
Let us calculate this What by We×EfEe*EdF
W=FI×tIdrgt Eg dItFsrdIt
A
do
Eg E
- - -

Ea,E
-
-

exit B

fc-qEI.DE EIE EE
because -

2) Next
=

A
Bis balancing QE .

Equate ① d②
qcys-yj-f-qE.de
:

B A

VB f- f E. di

:¥*"¥i
f :
- -

Bear
a

¥ -
.

C
E, .drTt5idrI
A .

A tendril . . .

To evaluate integral in RNS

,
=BfE .DE
C between
any path
we assume a

A- and B and divide into a parts dri dri - - n .

On a closed path A- and ,

D coincide

VA -45-4 VA -

O =§E.de mdosed care

 Electric potential due to a point charge

Ellery changed body will create an

electric potential @ ke E) in its

Fyi on of influence .

④
¢ ⑧
11171 l l
dog ( from
DD IS l l S
A- to

z p
- -

e
-

e
'
y
- - -

L # ATSB
AGB from .

Cata
✓
,

Wat -0=9 Vat , a¥=0 .

VA
•
-

Vp=§E
a
-
DF assume

coinciding
Carrel

with E- lines
to be

VA 0=1 Edrcoso
-

A
I and dir are in
same direction
r=D
everywhere
Va =
fQ_
VA=Qr=a4ttor
dr
41170A
 Potential due to a charge distribution

Vfr
)=¢÷g at a
point A distant r from a .

④E- - -

j
-

→
A

Note that there is no mod sign here .

1¥ .

Put On negative
as
if charge is negative .

d Va =fdV= dlftdlftdlft - -

'

a
hi I÷ tE÷t . . -
ra

¥=f¥¥ .
.

sina.deA
If is at same distance from all
day elements (from all points
of distribution)
,

theme . dai÷rt¥÷tf¥÷t
.
.
Ya -
. . . -

¥I sa=¥¥÷
A YEI.it#alifalddq Equidistant
distance
are

r
at
formula .
 Q

i
-
÷÷÷÷i::ia÷
-

after
"
.
:*:* .

of n' y
.

points
.

Vala)
axis
=

¢¥qp→ as A

from
et equidistant
all points of
on
n'
f .

Note that be
Q
may non
uniformly distributed
-

result
on the
rig but of V is same .

Important
-
Note :

For D distributions like a sheet and

line charge , do not take

a we
infinity
to be at zero potential .
Hence these

is no reference where V=O .

not here
any formula for
we do

✓ at a point in these fields .

9in these fields we talk about potential

between two points
difference
.
 9. B

nfb
To find potential
^
÷? n
n
difference between A
-

A
•
A and B ,
assume

+ t t t t t t t →
•
←
•
a curve C between A and B
coinciding
with E lines .

VA Ye
-

E. di =

fate drano
'=§¥wdr
VA YE
-

Ig tog ka

#¥÷
.t
tt#FiiHttt
.

± Va YEE G-as
-

A sheet
A- and B at distances a and b
are

from the street Coolie charge ) .

 Visual Relation between E and V
-
sing .

Assume C
I
curve
coinciding
z
→

with E shown
fines
as .

# VA YE-

f E. df
A

Iidriteidrztejdrj
\
=

f - r r
-

E- lines =
all dot products are
.

Positive as I and air

I -5 =ab= positive are in same direction

in
If a- & -5 are

VA YE -
positive
same direction .

VA >
Ys .

A :
higher potential D :
lower potential .

Potential V decreases if we
go
in
①
direction
of E lines .

Potential V wi creases
if we
go against
or opposite to E- lines .

②
 in Let path Caine)
take a

T.is
us or

(a surface)
cutting field him
arts
.

! E at
right angles everywhere
-9¥
.

As * Take
any
two points A- and B
on curve C .

Curve
C B

VA Ye Cf Edi
-

di te dri t's dirt

VA Ye Ii
→
- -
-

-
-

=
Gdr ,
cos 96 + Garton f - - -
so

= 01-0 TO t - - -

to

=D

VA -
Ys .

all points of C are at same potential .

All points on a
path which cuts field
lines at 98 are at same potential

Any Equipotential curve or line or surface

will cut E lines at night angles .

③
 field soon
.

ET dri tEid rites dirt

VA up a
- -
-

=
-
-

5. dri to dri to draft a

-
-
=
-
.
.

= 0 to t o
- - -

= 0

keys .

Any two points in

at
fieldfree space
are

same potential .

All points in a field free space E- o)

are at same potential
④
 Stpheresdsellsafain .

t t a#
X
I:*
.ie#:'j-
3
' text
v. .
⇐
A set it
VEVO
ft
1-
•

as solid
conducting
+
tf +

thin
it
shell .

q=f everywheresigher

Same behaviour
Ede : as point change .

UH = I r >R .

GITE or

IIe equipotential space

: as E=o inside .

var ) =
Vatanen =

I¥oR
As A different distances from charges,
is at

VA cannot be calculated directly .

But 0 ( centre) is
at same distance R from
no can be calculated
all charges
.

rata
-

Eto
=

FIFI =f÷ .
 ¥m RER
V He
{ ¥7 .
r- r

for thin shells and solid

conductingsphere .

tier
✓

R r
 Desire potential at axis
of a

iii in::÷:÷÷÷
'
thin a' ruler plate
"