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    1.2 - Complex Numbers (S)

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    sureintharaan
    This document introduces complex numbers. It defines a complex number as a number in the form a + bi, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. It discusses representing complex numbers in Cartesian and polar forms, algebraic operations on complex numbers such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, finding the conjugate and modulus of a complex number. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like representing complex numbers, performing operations, solving equations involving complex numbers. Learning outcomes cover representing, defining equality, finding conjugate, performing operations and representing in polar form of complex numbers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1.2 - Complex Numbers (S)

    Uploaded by

    sureintharaan
    155 views24 pages
    This document introduces complex numbers. It defines a complex number as a number in the form a + bi, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. It discusses representing complex numbers in Cartesian and polar forms, algebraic operations on complex numbers such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, finding the conjugate and modulus of a complex number. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like representing complex numbers, performing operations, solving equations involving complex numbers. Learning outcomes cover representing, defining equality, finding conjugate, performing operations and representing in polar form of complex numbers.

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    1.2_Complex Numbers (s).ppt (2)

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    This document introduces complex numbers. It defines a complex number as a number in the form a + bi, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. It discusses representing complex numbers in Cartesian and polar forms, algebraic operations on complex numbers such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, finding the conjugate and modulus of a complex number. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like representing complex numbers, performing operations, solving equations involving complex numbers. Learning outcomes cover representing, defining equality, finding conjugate, performing operations and representing in polar form of complex numbers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    155 views24 pages

    1.2 - Complex Numbers (S)

    Uploaded by

    sureintharaan
    This document introduces complex numbers. It defines a complex number as a number in the form a + bi, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. It discusses representing complex numbers in Cartesian and polar forms, algebraic operations on complex numbers such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, finding the conjugate and modulus of a complex number. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like representing complex numbers, performing operations, solving equations involving complex numbers. Learning outcomes cover representing, defining equality, finding conjugate, performing operations and representing in polar form of complex numbers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    1.

    2 COMPLEX NUMBER

    Learning outcomes :
    At the end of this topic, students should be able to :
    (a) represent a complex number in Cartesian form.
    (b) define the equality of two complex numbers.
    (c) find the conjugate of a complex number .
    (d) perform algebraic operations on complex
    numbers.
    (e) find modulus and argument of a complex number
    (f) represent a complex number in polar form
    Complex Numbers
    If , then is not a real number and cannot be
    represented as a points on the real number line.

    We are going to introduce a new number ,


    where or .

    Notice that
    Complex Numbers
    Any number of the form a + bi where a and
    b are real and i = is called a complex number,
    e.g 2+ 3i,-2-i etc.

    Imaginary
    Real part part
    Notes
    (a) Real numbers are complex numbers
    with imaginary parts equal to 0.
    (b) Real numbers, then, are a subset
    of complex numbers.
    (c) Since a complex number is defined as
    a+bi , a,b R then R C
    Hence
    (d) Complex numbers are not ordered
    and cannot be reperesented on a
    real number line
    Example 1

    1) z = - 3 + 5i
    - 3 + 5i is called
    -3 is called
    5 is called

    2) z = -2i
    - 2i is called
    is called the real part
    -2 is called
    Example 2

    Complex Real part, Imaginary


    numbers,z Re(z) part, Im(z)
    z=1 + i

    z = -2 - i

    z = 2i

    z =3
    Example 3

    Express each of the following in the form


    a + bi.
    SIMPLIYFING (i n)

    For n > 4 : Factor out power of 4

    8
    Equality of two complex numbers

    * If z1 = a + bi and z2 = c + di , then z1 = z2
    if and only if a = c and b = d.

    Example 4

    Given z1 = 2 + (3y + 1)i and z2 = 2x+7i.


    If z1 = z2 , find the values of x and y.
    Conjugate of a complex number

    If is a complex number, then


    its conjugate, denoted by is defined as
    Example 5

    z
    3 + 4i
    -1 + 2i
    -2 – 4i
    - 8i - 4
    Algebraic operations on complex numbers
    Addition & Subtraction

    If and are two complex numbers,


    with , then

    and
    Example 6
    Given z = 2 + 3i and w = 7 – 6i , find

    a) z + w b) w - z
    Solution Solution
    Multiplication
    To multiply two complex numbers, apply usual rules of
    algebra.

    If a complex number is multiplied by the complex


    number , then
    Example 7
    Given that
    a) z = 4 + 3i and w = 7 + 5i , find zw
    Solution

    b) w = 4 - 2i and z = 4+2i , find zw


    Solution
    Division
    The division of any number by complex number can be done if
    the denominator (or division) is transformed into a real number.

    For example,
    Example 8

    Express the following in the form a + bi

    a) b)
    Example 9

    If , find in the form a + bi

    Solution
    Example 10

    If , express in the form a + bi

    Solution
    Example 11

    Given Express
    Solution
    Example 12

    Solve the equation (x + iy)(3 – i ) = 1 + 2i where x and


    y are real numbers.
    Solution
    Exercise 1

    Find a complex number z if


    (2 - i) z – 3 = 1 + 7i
    Exercise 2

    Find the values of and if


    Exercise 3

    Find the values of and if

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