English Gammar Class Notes

CLASS 7
English Grammar Class

Notes
CHAPTER 1
THE SENTENCE
A Sentence:
Group of words that makes complete sense
Subject: Noun(doer)
Predicate: Describes or tells about the subject of a sentence(The

verb is always a part of the predicate.
Subject-Word: Noun
2
Attribute: Adjective
KINDS OF SENTENCES:
Assertive (or Declarative) Sentences:
These sentences declare something and always end with a full

stop.
● Affirmative Sentences: Positive Sentences without the words

Not, No, and Never.
● Negative Sentences: Sentences that contain not or no are
called negative sentences.
Interrogative Sentences: Sentences that ask a question and end

with a question mark.
● Wh Questions
● How
● Yes/No Questions (Auxiliary Verbs: is, are, did, didn't, have,
has, am)
Imperative Sentences: These sentences give instructions, orders,

command, advise, or make requests.
Exclamatory Sentences: Sentences that express strong feelings.

3
CHAPTER 4
ADJECTIVES
Adjective: Words that describe the Subject(noun) or Pronoun are
known as Adjective.
Adjectives of Quality: Expresses the kind or the quality of a person

or a thing.
Adjective of Quantity: how much of something.
Adjective of Number: Tells how many people or things are meant,

or in what order a person or a thing stands.
● Definite Numeral Adjectives: Tells us the exact number of

people or things
( Cardinals: Tells the number or exact number of people or

things.
Ordinals: Tells the order of things or people.)
● Indefinite Numeral Adjectives: No definite or exact number.

● Distributive Numeral Adjectives: Refers to each one of a
number.
Demonstrative Adjectives: Points out which person or thing is

meant.
4
Interrogative Adjectives: Questioning Adjectives
Emphasising Adjectives: Adjectives that stress out about a

particular thing.
Participle Adjectives: Present and Past participles, used as

adjectives
DEGREES OF COMPARISON:
Positive Degree:The Positive degree is the uncompared base

form of an adjective or adverb.
Comparative Degree:When two items/people are compared.
Superlative Degree:A superlative is the form of an adjective or an

adverb used to compare three or more things.
CHAPTER 5
ADVERBS
Adverb: Words that describes a verb
Adverb of Time: Tells us the time at which an action takes place.
Adverb of Frequency: Tells us how often something happens.
Adverb of Place: Tells us where something happens.
Adverb of Manner: Tells us how something happens.

5
Adverb of Degree: Tells us the intensity of something.
Interrogative Adverbs: Questioning Adverbs
Adverbs of Reason: Tells us why something happens.
CHAPTER 6
ARTICLES
Indefinite Articles: A- mostly used before vowels and vowel sound,
AN- mostly used before consonants and consonant sounds.
Definite Articles: THE- mostly used before when something has

already been referred to.
CHAPTER 12
TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE
VERBS
Direct Object: What(Non-Living Things)
Indirect Object: Whom(Living Things)
Transitive Verbs: Verbs followed by an object.
Intransitive Verbs: Verbs that are not followed by an object.

6
CHAPTER 14
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
Plural Verb: Base verb
Example: cry, want (were, have, are)
Singular Verb: Word derived from base word
Example: cries, wants (was, is, has)
● If the subject is singular, the verb is singular.
Example: The baby cries.
She completes her homework everyday.
● If the subject is plural, the verb is also plural.
Example: Babies cry.
They complete their homework everyday.
● Two or more singular nouns connected by ‘and’ must be

used with a plural verb.
Example: Padma and Vijaya are sisters.
Blueberries and mangoes are my favourite fruits.
● Two or more singular nouns refers to the same person or

thing, the verb must be singular.
7
Example: The actor and singer is talented.
The PE teacher and footballer is living in Delhi.
● Two or more singular subjects expressing one idea, must be

followed by a singular verb.
Example: Slow and STeady wins the race.
● Each, Every-Singular verb
Example: Each member in the camp makes their own food.
Every girl has completed their assignments.
● Two singular subjects connected with or, neither nor, either

or-Singular verb
Example: Either Rafi or Peter has gone to a party.
(Note: When two singular subjects connected by ‘or’, ‘nor’ differ in

person, the verb should agree in person with the subject nearest
to it.
Example: Neither Prasad nor I have visited the Taj Mahal.
If one of the subjects is plural, the verb must be plural, and the
plural subject must be placed next to the plural verb.
Example: Either me or my cousins were going to the party.)
● Nouns which are plural in form but singular in

meaning-Singular verb.
8
Example: The NEWS is true.
● A collective noun takes a singular verb when the collection is

thought of as a whole.
Example:A school of dolphins was swimming in the pool

happily.
● A plural verb is used when the collection is thought of as

separate individuals.
Example: A number of members of the team were absent.
● Furniture, stationary, crockery, cutlery-singular verb
Example: The stationary items were placed neatly on the

shelf.
● When the subject consists of two nouns or pronouns joined

with With, along with, together with or as well as, the verb
agrees with the first of them.
Example: The boss, along with his workers, was sent to

prison.
● Pair of-singular noun
Example: A pair of scissors was found by Amit under a table.
● Omitting Pair of-plural verb
Example: My trousers are wet.

9
● Many-plural verb
● Much- singular verb
● Distances, time, heights, weights-singular verb
EXample: Ten million rupees is a lot of money.
CHAPTER 11
NON-FINITE VERBS

English Gammar Class Notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

English Gammar Class Notes

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

English Gammar Class Notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CLASS 7

English Grammar Class

Group of words that makes complete sense

Predicate: Describes or tells about the subject of a sentence(The

Assertive (or Declarative) Sentences:

These sentences declare something and always end with a full

● Affirmative Sentences: Positive Sentences without the words

Interrogative Sentences: Sentences that ask a question and end

Imperative Sentences: These sentences give instructions, orders,

Exclamatory Sentences: Sentences that express strong feelings.

Adjectives of Quality: Expresses the kind or the quality of a person

Adjective of Quantity: how much of something.

Adjective of Number: Tells how many people or things are meant,

● Definite Numeral Adjectives: Tells us the exact number of

( Cardinals: Tells the number or exact number of people or

Ordinals: Tells the order of things or people.)

● Indefinite Numeral Adjectives: No definite or exact number.

Demonstrative Adjectives: Points out which person or thing is

Interrogative Adjectives: Questioning Adjectives

Emphasising Adjectives: Adjectives that stress out about a

Participle Adjectives: Present and Past participles, used as

Positive Degree:The Positive degree is the uncompared base

Comparative Degree:When two items/people are compared.

Superlative Degree:A superlative is the form of an adjective or an

Adverb of Time: Tells us the time at which an action takes place.

Adverb of Frequency: Tells us how often something happens.

Adverb of Place: Tells us where something happens.

Adverb of Manner: Tells us how something happens.

Adverb of Degree: Tells us the intensity of something.

Interrogative Adverbs: Questioning Adverbs

Adverbs of Reason: Tells us why something happens.

Definite Articles: THE- mostly used before when something has

Indirect Object: Whom(Living Things)

Transitive Verbs: Verbs followed by an object.

Intransitive Verbs: Verbs that are not followed by an object.

Example: cry, want (were, have, are)

Singular Verb: Word derived from base word

Example: cries, wants (was, is, has)

● If the subject is singular, the verb is singular.

Example: The baby cries.

She completes her homework everyday.

● If the subject is plural, the verb is also plural.

Example: Babies cry.

They complete their homework everyday.

● Two or more singular nouns connected by ‘and’ must be

Example: Padma and Vijaya are sisters.

Blueberries and mangoes are my favourite fruits.

● Two or more singular nouns refers to the same person or

Example: The actor and singer is talented.

The PE teacher and footballer is living in Delhi.

● Two or more singular subjects expressing one idea, must be

Example: Slow and STeady wins the race.

● Each, Every-Singular verb

Example: Each member in the camp makes their own food.

Every girl has completed their assignments.

● Two singular subjects connected with or, neither nor, either

Example: Either Rafi or Peter has gone to a party.

(Note: When two singular subjects connected by ‘or’, ‘nor’ differ in

Example: Neither Prasad nor I have visited the Taj Mahal.

Example: Either me or my cousins were going to the party.)