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    9.2 Space Weather

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    Rooba Tharsini
    Space weather refers to phenomena occurring on the sun and in space that can affect Earth. It includes solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar wind. Effects of space weather on Earth include auroras from charged particles trapped in Earth's magnetic field, disruption of radio communication from ionosphere changes during geomagnetic storms, disruption of GPS from ionosphere electron density changes, and potential damage to power grids from electrically charged particles inducing ground currents. Data on space weather is used to forecast coronal mass ejections and understand solar activity cycles and sunspot occurrence.

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    9.2 Space Weather

    Uploaded by

    Rooba Tharsini
    65 views7 pages
    Space weather refers to phenomena occurring on the sun and in space that can affect Earth. It includes solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar wind. Effects of space weather on Earth include auroras from charged particles trapped in Earth's magnetic field, disruption of radio communication from ionosphere changes during geomagnetic storms, disruption of GPS from ionosphere electron density changes, and potential damage to power grids from electrically charged particles inducing ground currents. Data on space weather is used to forecast coronal mass ejections and understand solar activity cycles and sunspot occurrence.

    Original Description:

    short notes on space wether form 3

    Original Title

    9.2 SPACE WEATHER (1)

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    Space weather refers to phenomena occurring on the sun and in space that can affect Earth. It includes solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar wind. Effects of space weather on Earth include auroras from charged particles trapped in Earth's magnetic field, disruption of radio communication from ionosphere changes during geomagnetic storms, disruption of GPS from ionosphere electron density changes, and potential damage to power grids from electrically charged particles inducing ground currents. Data on space weather is used to forecast coronal mass ejections and understand solar activity cycles and sunspot occurrence.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views7 pages

    9.2 Space Weather

    Uploaded by

    Rooba Tharsini
    Space weather refers to phenomena occurring on the sun and in space that can affect Earth. It includes solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar wind. Effects of space weather on Earth include auroras from charged particles trapped in Earth's magnetic field, disruption of radio communication from ionosphere changes during geomagnetic storms, disruption of GPS from ionosphere electron density changes, and potential damage to power grids from electrically charged particles inducing ground currents. Data on space weather is used to forecast coronal mass ejections and understand solar activity cycles and sunspot occurrence.

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    of 7

    9.

    2 SPACE WEATHER

    PRESENTATION BY: LOW SHAN YIE AND ROOBATHARSINI


    SPACE WEATHER AND ITS EFFECT ON EARTH
    Space weather is defined as the phenomena that
    occurs:

    on the surface of the Sun such as solar flares


    , prominences , sunspots and coronal mass
    ejections
    in space such as solar wind , solar radiation
    storm and geomagnegnetic storm
    space weather
    EFFECTS OF SPACE WEATHER ON EARTH'S ACTIVITIES
    AURORAS
    An aurora is a display of colourful lights that canbe seen in the dark night sky at areas near the north pole
    and the south pole
    When the Sun is active , it releases a lot of charged particles that are trapped by Earth's magnetic field.
    These charged particle are then bought by Earth's magnectic fields to the north pole and the south pole
    where the charged particles collide and interact with nitrogen and oxygen at the upper atmosphere .
    An aurora produced at the southern hemisphere is called aurora australis while at the nothern
    hemisphere is called aurora borealis .

    DISRUPTION IN RADIO COMMUNICATION


    The ionosphere is the atmospheric layer thst functions to reflect radio waves in communication.
    A geomagnetic storm is a temporary disruption of the Earth's magnetosphere that is caused by a strong solar
    winds or strong eruptionns of radiation like solar flares
    During a geomagnetic storm, the flow of electrically charged particles from the Sun enters the ionosphere near
    the magnetic poles of Earth and ionises molecules to form electrons and positive ions .
    Airlines companies use forecasts of geomagnetic storms to plan their trips and avoid flying in areaswhere
    there is disruption in radio communication .
    DISTRUPTION IN RADIO COMMUNICATION
    Ionosphere distruptions caused by the flow of electrically charged paticles
    from the Sun could also reduce the accuracy of GPS navigation systems
    used by ships , aircraft and land vehicles
    This caused by electrons varying densities in the ionosphere produced by
    geomagnetic storms .
    Space weather also affects the conditions of satellites that are used not
    only in navigation systems , but also in media and telecommunications .

    DISRUPTION IN POWER GRID LINES


    A geomagnetic storm can cause unexpectedly high electrical currents to run
    through long conductors such as power lines
    This situation can melt the transformer,damaging the power line system and
    causing an electrical power outage.
    One of the strongest solar flares in history was recorded in 1859and named
    the Carrington Event of 1859.
    The coronal mass ejection that came towards the Earth was so strong that
    the auroras produced could be seen from almost the whole world .
    INTERPRETATION OF DATA ON SPACE WEATHER
    Data on space weather is used or analysed to :

    forecast when coronal mass ejections in the Sun


    determine the reasons for the occurrence of solar
    flares and coronal mass ejections on the surface of
    the Sun
    Space weather depends on the solar cycle
    One method to track the solar cycle is by counting
    the number of sunspots.
    THANK
    THANK YOU
    YOU

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