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1.
1 Introduction
Gender Discrimination is when a person is treated unfairly based on their gender (Cambridge
Dictionary n.d.). A study found around four in ten working women in the United States (42 per
cent) claim they experience sexism on the job because of their gender. Thus, they have endured
at least one of eight specific forms of gender discrimination at work as men (42 per cent versus
22 per cent).
Some hypothesis suggests that gender-based discrimination arises through "continuous patterns
of interaction influenced by corporate culture." Interactions, particularly those interactions
between male workers, affect access, working conditions, and incentives for change over time.
When all male becomes the community that governs access, conditions, and incentives, that
category can continue to characterize as "fit" and "success" in consideration of the few who suit
and become efficient in the office. The consequence is that traits deemed to be masculine would
take on a favorable look in the workforce while traits deemed to be more feminine would be rare,
underestimated, and devalued in a working setting controlled by males. The sexism-based
atmosphere serves to perpetuate gender roles, thereby reinforcing the prejudices among male
workers whether aware or unconscious and culminating in a patriarchal working climate for
women trying to enter or progress. (Dunham C R, Leupold C 2020, p2-3).
1.2 Problem statement
As time is passing many counties companies and organizations started to discourage gender
discrimination by giving women and men same opportunities. However, the big question is “Is
this going to solve the issue?”. If the core of sexism isn’t fixed then even if we try to solve the
issue it wouldn’t help.
According to Gupta and Li 1999 (cited in Jiang Q, Li S, and Feldman M W 2011) The Chinese
family's rigid patrilineal as well as patriotically family structure allows them to show childbirth
choice. As stated by Poston et al. 1997 (cited in Jiang Q, Li S, and Feldman M W 2011) Rising
sex ratios at birth (SRB) and excess female infant mortality (EFCM) result from the heavy son
privilege and prejudice against women. The latest rise in SRB is correlated with omnipresent son
choice, which is aggravated by China's tight family planning policy.
Ethnic and identity-specific societies cultures adopt and uphold conventional patriarchal gender
standards and roles; identify 'transgressions' from such norms; police the borders on what they
consider to be and are not culturally appropriate – imposing conformity by abuse, bullying,
intimidation, exclusion or, as one gay survivor puts it, 'death by a thousand cuts in paper’.
Systems ideologies may create obstacles to programs and funding, where inequality between
ethnicity and gender limits access to justice. Culture affects the manner in which gender abuse is
viewed: dismissed as an unintended problem by culture, utilized by groups as a plausible excuse,
or related to structure generalizing. (Asian Pacific Institute on Gender Based Violation 2020).
Therefore it is very hard to change the society’s perception. Moreover it is hard to change
cultures which have been following these things for a long time. Due to this even if in the
modern times people try to discourage gender discrimination there would be many others who
have narrow mind set who would keep on practicing sexism. These have led to countless carriers
to be destroyed. Furthermore made the victims breakdown mentally.
Although gender inequality can seem to others to be largely harmless, extreme and recurrent
discrimination may have lasting consequences. A recent review showed that there could be ties
between gender inequality and poor mental wellbeing. The research showed that people who
documented sex discrimination were shown to be three times more likely to have a deterioration
in their emotional health during the following four years, including psychiatric depression. These
people suffered adverse mental health consequences years afterwards, even after sex
discrimination might have ceased. When individuals struggle to cope properly with their mental
wellbeing, they can resort to drugs or alcohol to seek and self-medicate. Studies show that
inequality between race and class results in a dramatically elevated incidence of alcohol
dependence in women and substance addiction in men (Alyssa 2020).
Overall, the above evidences suggest how this issue has been a major problem for this world.
This report seeks to investigate the general opinions of Swinburne Sarawak Students on how to
minimize gender discrimination and how do they think it will affect the society.
The research questions are:
1. What do they understand about gender discrimination?

2. How can they discourage sexism?
3. Do they think the effects of discouraging sexism will help the society if they do not
change?
4. How can they support the victims?
5. What should be the immediate steps organizations may take to stop sexism?
Jiang, Q., Li, S. & Feldman, M.W. 2011 , “Demographic Consequences of Gender Discrimination in China:
Simulation Analysis of Policy Options.” Popul Res Policy Rev 30, 619–638
Dunham C R, Leupold C 2020, “Third generation discrimination: An empirical analysis of judicial decision
making in gender discrimination litigation”
<https://swinburnedb.librarynet.com.my:4190/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3&sid=db95a0f8-
f525-4c1d-afae-a99c840e9016%40sessionmgr101>
Parker K, Funk C, 2017 , ‘Gender discrimination comes in many forms for today’s working women’, Pew
Research Center , 14 December 2017
Alyssa 2020, The Effects of Gender Discrimination on Mental Health, Banyan Mental Health, viewed 5
March 2020 < https://www.banyanmentalhealth.com/2020/03/05/effects-of-gender-
discrimination-on-mental-health/>
Asian Pacific Institute on Gender Based Violence, Culture & Gender-Based Violence
< https://www.api-gbv.org/about-gbv/our-analysis/culture-and-gbv/>

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1.

1.2 Problem statement

The research questions are:

1. What do they understand about gender discrimination?

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