Name Dires Aderaw

First year IT summer student section D

Application of internet Assignment

1. Create your own email address and write the step you follow to create the
email?
 Start open Google browser click URL search www.gmail.com
enter click create your Google account write first name write last
name write user name(email address) write password write confirm
password next insert phone number next my phone number
access messages then write verification code verify select
month write day write year select gender next yes I ‘am in
I agree then well come to email address ([email protected])finally open
email address and used send or received document or other things.
2. Write the mandatory rule that you apply to create email address?

1 Rule #1: Keep your branding consistent

a. 1.1 Options and tools
2 Rule #2: Don’t be fancy, keep it standard
b. 2.1 First name + domain ([email protected])
c. 2.2 First name + surname initial + domain ([email protected])
d. 2.3 First name initial + surname + domain ([email protected])
e. 2.4 Full name + domain ([email protected])
f. 2.5 Display name tips
3 Rule #3: Personalise for the purpose
4 Rule #4: Create a professional email address signature
5 Take-home
3. Write the types of browsers and explain?
A web browser is an interface that helps a computer user gain access to all the
content that is on the Internet and the hard disk of the computer. It can view
images, text documents, audio and video files, games, etc. More than one web
browser can also be installed on a single computer. The user can navigate through
files, folders and websites with the help of a browser. When the browser is used for
browsing web pages, the pages may contain certain links which can be opened in a
new browser.
1. Google Chrome
Google Chrome is the most popular browser that people use today. The main
reason for this is its speed. It’s a fast browser. It opens quickly and loads multiple
tabs and pages in just one click. It’s probably the fastest browser available today. If
you’re tired of waiting for your browser to open after clicking on its icon, you
should switch to Chrome.
Another reason for using Chrome is its simplicity. It combines the address bar and
Google search bar in one omnibox and lets the users have an easy experience.
Apart from these advantages, it is also easily customizable and comes with a range
of apps and themes. You can add different extensions to increase productivity. 
And you can sign into Chrome using your Google account and your data will be
synced across all your Google devices. All these features make Chrome the
number one choice
for many people. However, since it needs a lot of memory to run and it’s Google-
based, many people prefer not to use Chrome.
2. Mozilla Firefox
Firefox was slower than Chrome. And this is why it stayed the second choice for
many people. But that was several versions ago. The new Firefox is faster and
smoother. If you don’t like Chrome because it’s a Google based product, you can
switch to Firefox. 
The new Firefox consumes less RAM than Chrome and is faster than its previous
versions. But there’s one problem with Firefox – it drains battery very quickly. So
if you’re on a laptop, watching HD videos, it’s best to use Edge instead of Firefox
because Firefox will eat up that battery in no time.Firefox, on the other hand, is a
dedicated browser. , Firefox is better than Chrome.
3. Opera
Opera is another popular name in the browser industry. While it has several
attractive features (such as an inbuilt adblocker), it generally stays behind the two
most popular browsers. But this shouldn’t mean you shouldn’t try Opera. 
While Chrome and Firefox allow users to have a number of third party extensions,
Opera has its own range of extensions that users might want to check out. Opera
supports several major apps like Facebook messenger and Whatsapp. 
Opera can be synced across multiple devices. It allows you to customize the
browser but there aren’t many options.There is a dark mode and some themes.The
customization options are far less than Firefox and Chrome.
4. Apple Safari
Safari is a simple and clean browser with several features that make it a popular
choice. It offers all the basic functionalities the ability to open multiple tabs, easy
bookmarking, fast speeds, and a plugin library. 
While Safari is mostly used on Mac, it can also be used on a PC. But on PC, Safari
will be like just another browser. However, if you use Mac and iPhones, you’ll
love the cross-platform compatibility that it offers.
5. Kingpin browser
Kingpin is a relatively new name in the market but it’s fast gaining popularity,
thanks to its no-data-stored approach. It is just like one of the top browsers with all
the features. Except that it always works incognito. 
While the incognito mode is available in all browsers, there’s always an isolated
incident when you forget to open the incognito window and browse in a normal
window instead. And thus your browsing gets exposed. 
6. Tor browser
 Tor is undoubtedly the most secure browser. However, it’s not easy to use Tor. It
operates slowly and has many limitations. But on the plus side, it doesn’t store
history and it changes your IP as well. If slow speeds don’t deter you from
activities, you can use Tor. 
Tor is going to be slow. But if slow speeds aren’t your arch nemesis, this can be a
good browser for you.
7. Iridium browser
Iridium is a secure browser that’s also fast and renders websites very quickly. It’s
based on Chromium but unlike Chromium, Iridium doesn’t call back home to
Google. Also, Iridium is very easy to use. While Tor can be a bit complicated for
an average user, Iridium is very simple and basic and can be used even by newbies
8. Netscape
Netscape is one of the original Web browsers. This is what Microsoft designed
Internet Explorer to compete against. Netscape and IE comprise the major portion
of the browser market. Netscape was introduced in 1994.
9.  Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer (IE) is a product from software giant Microsoft. This is the most
commonly used browser in the universe. This was introduced in 1995 along with
Windows 95 launch and it has passed Netscape popularity in 1998.
10.  Safari
Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc. and included in Mac OS X. It was
first released as a public beta in January 2003. Safari has very good support for
latest technologies like XHTML, CSS2 etc.

11.  Firefox
Firefox is a new browser derived from Mozilla. It was released in 2004 and has
grown to be the second most popular browser on the Internet.

12 .Opera
Opera is smaller and faster than most other browsers, yet it is full- featured. Fast,
user-friendly, with keyboard interface, multiple windows, zoom functions, and
more. Java and non Java-enabled versions available. Ideal for newcomers to the
Internet, school children, handicap and as a front-end for CD-Rom and kiosks.

13 .Google Chrome

This web browser was developed by Google. Its beta and commercial versions
were released in September 2008 for Microsoft Windows. The browser versions
for Mac OS X are under development. The browser options are very similar to that
of Safari, the settings locations are similar to Internet Explorer 7, and the window
design is based on Windows Vista.
4. Write the email server and explain?
 1. Web Server
2. Email Server
3. Application Server
4. Database Server
5. FTP Server
6. File Server
7. Proxy Server
8. Streaming Server
9. IRC Server (Internet Relay Chat)
10. Fax Server
11. Groupware Server
12. News Server
13. List Server
14. Telnet Servere.t.c.
1. Web Server
A web server is a server that runs on websites. It is also called a computer
program. The main function of web servers is to store, process, and deliver.
Whenever we search on the internet through web browsers like chrome, Mozilla,
internet explorer, etc, receives the request for the URL and then web server sends
the data according to the need of the user. These types of servers mainly show the
data in format like images, text, video, etc.
A web server program uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), which serves
files for users that create web pages. Dedicated computers and applications are also
known as web servers.
2. Email Server
The email server provides the facility of sending emails to the receiver and to
receive emails from the sender as well as stores all the details and messages of the
users’ account on the server. The email server is also called mail server transfer
agent (MTA) or internet mailer.
Whenever you mail or send a message to someone, it first accesses to SMTP
(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) and then identifies the address of the person
whom you want to send mail and then mail goes to the recipient. In short, these
types of servers act as a virtual post office.
3. Application Server
Application Server is a framework, it is an environment where applications run.
Application Server includes a server operating system (OS) and server hardware
that provides computing-intensive operations and other services to the application.
These application types of servers can be used to develop and run a web-based
application. There are many different types of Application Servers including PHP,
Java, and .NET Framework.
key features of an application server include data redundancy, data/application
security, high availability, user management, load balancing, and a centralized
management interface.
4. Database Server
A database server is a computer system that provides services related to accessing
and retrieving data from databases to other computers. Database server access can
be from the “front end” running on the user’s machine or “back end” running on
the database server accessed from the remote shell.
After accessing the information inside the database, it gives the output of
data requested by the user.
These types of servers are similar to a warehouse, where the website’s data and
information are stored and maintained. Many companies use a database server for
the storage of their data. Users access the data using query labels related to the
database. SQL is an example of a query language.
5. FTP Server
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It is a very old Internet service that helps
users to transfer files from one place to another via the Internet very securely.
When a client requests a web page on a web browser, the server uses the protocol
to display your file.
In short, If you create a web page on your computer using an editor for your site,
you have to upload it to the server where your site is hosted. FTP also provides file
security, transfer control, and organization of files to the server.
6. File Server
A file server is a network that helps to transfer stored files. The file server stores
and manages all the files in a computer and sends a copy of the file to the other
computer on the request of the users. It shares the storage of computer files such as
documents, sound files, photographs, images, databases, etc. These types of servers
is used mainly on the local network.
7. Proxy Server
Proxy server commonly called “proxy”. It acts as a gateway between users and the
internet. These types of servers are used for performance enhancement, privacy,
and anonymous surfing. When a client connects to a proxy server and requests a
service, its accessing IP address changes.
8. Streaming Server
With the help of Streaming Servers, the ability in multimedia applications comes
so that they can broadcast or even live on websites like youtube and ott platforms
like Netflix and Amazon Prime. Multimedia streaming is a way of transporting
data. These types of serves technology have also increased a lot due to the
continuous growth of Internet audiences.
Streaming is a very good solution for users who don’t have the facility to
download large multimedia files. When the client or user receives the data and
forwarded by the websites in the form of a steady stream. It also has the process to
converts it to sound and pictures in their desired format. Gradually many
competing streaming technologies have risen in this digital era.
9. IRC Server (Internet Relay Chat)
The full name of IRC is an ‘Internet Relay Chat’. It is an application layer protocol
that is used to communicate over the Internet as a text message in real-time. In
simple words, “internet relay chat is a service through which users can chat with
 each other online.” The Internet relay chat that works on the client/server
networking model.

10. Fax Server
A fax server is a software system capable of receiving the incoming faxes, sending
faxes and distributing faxes over a computer network. These types of Servers are
commonly used in large scale organizations. Because the Fax Servers saves time and
reduces incoming and outgoing telephone resources which help the business by saving
time and money.

11. Groupware Server

A groupware server is a computer server. The main purpose of creating this server
was that it allows users to work jointly with ease. The number of clients connected to
this server basically depends on the nature of the project. There is a need to install
software onto the various client computers to allow for better communication between
the clients and access to the server.

A groupware server can be used to reduce unnecessary communication between team

members and to increase efficiency and productivity. Thus a collaborative work can
be done simultaneously in the environment.

12. News Server
News Servers are software or a computer system used to share and deliver the
news. It manages the storage and routing of messages as well as control access to
newsgroups in a Usenet. It is a primary part of Usenet and is also responsible for
handling various operations. News servers may function as a reader server or a
transit server sometimes both.

13. List Server
List servers are a great way to handle mailing lists that are statements, newspapers,
or publicity. A mailing list server is a program that handles subscription requests
for a mailing list and distributes new messages, newsletters, news, or other
postings from the list’s members to the entire list of subscribers. These list servers
are included in interactive discussions that are open to the community.

14. Telnet Server
Telnet is a simple, text-based network protocol that is used to access remote
computers over the Internet such as TCP / IP networks. Telnet is a protocol that
connects you to a Remote Computer (Host) over a TCP / IP network (such as the
Internet).
 Using Telnet Client Software on your computer, one can create a Connection to
Telnet Server (ie Remote Host). These types of servers are most commonly used
for remote-management, but sometimes for the initial setup of some devices,
especially networks, hardwar

15. File servers

File servers store and distribute files. Multiple clients or users may share files
stored on a server. In addition, centrally storing files offers easier backup or fault
tolerance solutions than attempting to provide security and integrity for files on
every device in an organization. File server hardware can be designed to maximize
read and write speeds to improve performance.
16. Print servers
Print servers allow for the management and distribution of printing functionality.
Rather than attaching a printer to every workstation, a single print server can
respond to printing requests from numerous clients. Today, some larger and
higher-end printers come with their own built-in print server, which removes the
need for an additional computer-based print server. This internal print server also
functions by responding to print requests from a client.
17.Application servers
Application servers run applications in lieu of client computers running
applications locally. Application servers often run resource-intensive applications
that are shared by a large number of users. Doing so removes the need for each
client to have sufficient resources to run the applications. It also removes the need
to install and maintain software on many machines as opposed to only one.
18. DNS servers
Domain Name System (DNS) servers are application servers that provide name
resolution to client computers by converting names easily understood by humans
into machine-readable IP addresses. The DNS system is a widely distributed
database of names and other DNS servers, each of which can be used to request an
otherwise unknown computer name. When a client needs the address of a system,
it sends a DNS request with the name of the desired resource to a DNS server. The
DNS server responds with the necessary IP address from its table of names.
19. Mail servers
Mail servers are a very common type of application server. Mail servers receive
emails sent to a user and store them until requested by a client on behalf of said
user. Having an email server allows for a single machine to be properly configured
and attached to the network at all times. It is then ready to send and receive
messages rather than requiring every client machine to have its own email
subsystem continuously running.
20. Web servers
 One of the most abundant types of servers in today’s market is a web server. A
web server is a special kind of application server that hosts programs and data
requested by users across the Internet or an intranet. Web servers respond to
requests from browsers running on client computers for web pages, or other web-
based services. Common web servers include Apache web servers, Microsoft
Internet Information Services (IIS) servers and Nginx servers.
21. Database servers
The amount of data used by companies, users, and other services is staggering.
Much of that data is stored in databases. Databases need to be accessible to
multiple clients at any given time and can require extraordinary amounts of disk
space. Both of these needs lend themselves well to locating such databases on
servers. Database servers run database applications and respond to numerous
requests from clients. Common database server applications include Oracle,
Microsoft SQL Server, DB2, and Informix.
22. Virtual server
Virtual servers are taking the server world by storm. Unlike traditional servers that
are installed as an operating system on machine hardware, virtual servers exist only
as defined within specialized software called hypervisor. Each hypervisor can run
hundreds, or even thousands, of virtual servers all at once. The hypervisor presents
virtual hardware to the server as if it were real physical hardware. The virtual
server uses the virtual hardware as usual, and the hypervisor passes the actual
computation and storage needs onto the real hardware beneath, which is shared
among all the other virtual servers.
23. Proxy servers
A proxy server acts as an intermediary between a client and a server. Often used to
isolate either the clients or servers for security purposes, a proxy server takes the
request from the client. Instead of responding to the client, it passes the request on
to another server or process. The proxy server receives the response from the
second server and then replies to the original client as if it were replying on its
own. In this way, neither the client nor the responding server needs to directly
connect to each other.
24. Monitoring and management servers
Some servers exist to monitor or manage other systems and clients. There are
many types of monitoring servers. Several of them listen to the network and
receive every client request and server response, but some do not request or
respond to data themselves. In this way, the monitoring server can keep track of all
the traffic on the network, as well as the requests and replies of clients and servers,
without interfering with those operations. A monitoring server will respond to
requests from monitoring clients such as those run by network administrators
watching the health of the network.
 25. Computer hardware server
The next major wave of servers included computer-based servers. In many
respects, these servers were nothing more than larger, more powerful desktop
computers. Such servers were generally more expensive and held far more memory
and disk space than most client computers. Each server was still a self-contained
unit with its own motherboard, processor, memory, disk drives, and power supply.
Servers like this were often warehoused in air-conditioned rooms called server
rooms, and were later bolted into racks for better storage and accessibility.
26. Blade servers
The original computer server hardware was large and stored in racks that could
hold hundreds of pounds. Over time, however, faster means of connecting
hardware resulted in parts of the server being extracted from a single self-
contained device. By removing hard drives, eliminating internal cooling, and the
ongoing miniaturization of computing parts, servers were eventually reduced to a
single thin server known as a blade server. While still stored in racks in server
rooms, blade servers are smaller and can be replaced more easily.
27. Combining servers
Even before virtualization, servers were being extracted from the standard model
of a single server operating system installed on a hardware machine. Technology,
such as network-attached storage, removed the need for a server to have its own
storage. Other technologies, such as mirroring and clustering, enabled pieces of
hardware to be combined into larger, more powerful servers. Such a server might
consist of several blades, several attached storage devices, and an external power
supply, and each piece could be swapped out for another while the server was still
running.
28. Virtual servers
Virtual Servers still require hardware, but that hardware now runs a different
process known as a hypervisor. In some cases, such as Microsoft’s Hyper-V, a full
operating system continues to run on the hardware itself. In other cases, so-called
bare-metal hypervisors can be installed directly onto server hardware. In both
instances, the hardware itself is often spread across an array of blade servers,
networked storage, and power supply, resulting in an environment where it is
impossible to tell where any individual server ends and another begins.

29. Microsoft Windows servers

An argument can be made that Windows for Workgroups was Microsoft’s first server
operating system. In that version, certain computers could be set to share resources
and respond to requests from clients, which made them servers by definition.
 Microsoft’s first real server operating system was Windows NT. Its 3.5 and 3.51
versions ran on many business networks until Microsoft released its Windows Server
line that continues to exist today. The most current Windows Server version is
Windows Server 2016. This version supports numerous applications and databases as
well as a hypervisor that allows virtual servers.
30. Linux / UNIX servers
The other major player in server operating systems is the Linux/Unix realm. There
are multiple versions and flavors of Linux/Unix including Red Hat Enterprise
Linux, Debian, and CentOS. As an open-source operating system, Linux is very
popular as a web server, often with the Apache web application server installed.
31. NetWare server
Although no longer made, NetWare was a major player in the server software
space as the client-server era was ramping up. Eventually, NetWare moved its
server operating system to a Linux-based kernel and named it a Novell Open
Enterprise Server (OES).
33. Cloud servers
Virtual servers hosted on a third-party infrastructure on an open network, such as
the Internet, are called cloud servers. There are numerous cloud server providers
these days, including Google’s Cloud Platform, Microsoft Azure, and IBM Cloud.
However, the main pioneer of corporate cloud computing was Amazon’s AWS
platform. It originally started using spare capacity of Amazon’s own servers and
networks, but AWS now allows customers to create a virtual server nearly instantly
and then adjust the amount of resources that server may use on the fly.
Today, a server can be nothing more than the data of physical hardware that
consists of multiple processors, disk drives, memory, and network connections.
But, even now, a server is still just a system that responds to a request from a clien
5. Write email service and explain?
email service is a company that provides businesses with tools to send bulk emails and
implement email marketing. Email services offer user-friendly features to manage
mailing lists, email design, and metrics to monitor your success.

1. Gmail
2. HubSpot
3. Sendinblue
4. ProtonMail
 5. Outlook
6. Yahoo Mail
7. Zoho Mail
8. AOL Mail
9. Mail.com
10. GMX Mail
11. iCloud Mail
12. Yandex. Mail
1. Gmail
 Gmail is an email service provided by Google.
 It is accessible through web and using third-party programs. It can be accessed on
iOS and Android mobile devices. It allows you to share up to 25 MB through
emails.
2. HubSpot

HubSpot Pricing: It has a Marketing Hub plan that has three editions, Free
marketing tools are also available.
 HubSpot has an Email Marketing Software to create, personalize, and optimize
marketing emails. It will let you customize the layout, add calls to action, and add
images with the help of an easy-to-use drag-and-drop editor.

3. Sendinblue
Sendinblue Pricing: Sendinblue offers a free plan. You can sign up for free. With
a free plan, you can send 300 emails per day.
 Sendinblue offers the tools for all your digital marketing needs. It contains the
functionalities for email marketing. You will be able to design your email. It will
be easier to create a professional-looking email.

4. ProtonMail

 ProtonMail Pricing: It has a free plan along with three other plans

 ProtonMail was launched in 2014. This mail service can be used by small and large
enterprises. ProtonMail is best known for its email encryption. It is a simple
mailing service with some advanced features like encryption and email expiration.

5. Outlook
 It is free to use.
 Outlook provides easy to use interface.
 Through Outlook, Microsoft provides the web-based suite of different tools. By
just right clicking the mail, Outlook will give you the option to move, delete, etc.,
along with several other options.
6. Yahoo Mail
 Yahoo is a web portal and search engine. It was launched in 1994.
 It provides other services like Yahoo Mail, Yahoo News, and Yahoo Groups as
well. Yahoo Mail has good spam blocking capabilities. It provides a good amount
of storage space i.e. One TB.
7. Zoho Mail
 Zoho Mail is good for small businesses or home-based businesses.
 You can use Zoho for business as well as personal communications. With Zoho
migration tool.
8. Mail
This mail service is provided by AOL. In 2015, Verizon acquired AOL. AOL Mail
is also called as AIM Mail. It is a free email provider. It provides many themes to
choose. It allows you to import contacts in CSV, Txt, and LDIF format.
9. Mail.com
It is a free email service, which will let you select the domain name from a big list.
It provides features like Virus protection and Spam Blocker. Mail collector feature
gives more flexibility to its users.
10. GMX Mail
GMX is a free email provider. It can be used for personal as well as professional use. It
provides really good file sharing capabilities. With GMX, you can select the duration for
which you want to store your messages.
11. iCloud Mail
iCloud is the best email service provider for Mac users. It was launched in 2011. It
provides good cloud storage capacity and file sharing capability. It is easy to set up and
unsubscribe email.
12) Yandex. Mail
Yandex is a popular search engine in Russia. Yandex email services were launched in
2001. It provides good security options. With email service, it has several other features
like timer, customizable interface, and access to other Yandex services