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Reading: mu ltiple-choice, dealingwith unfamiliar words

Vocabulary: money-related words, phrasal verbs, collocations & expressions, dealing
with multiple-choice cloze tests
inversion, so & such, u n rea I pasl, would rather, wou ld prefer & had better, key
word transformation, recognising structures .;
Listening: multiple matching, considering themes & attitudes
Sreaking: talking about money and moral decisions, sustaining a conversation,
keeping discourse going, expressing disapproval, summing up
!,r,,r r'i: i ,:,', essay (3), choosing between two topics, writing an effective essay

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A nead these quotes from Charles Dickens and match them to the summaries (a-d)
1 "Here's the rule for barqains. 'Do other men, for they would do you.'That's the
true business precept." Martin Chuzzlewit I a Money can't buy happiness
2 "Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure nineteen [pounds] nineteen b The risks of borrowing
lshillingsl and six Ipence], result happiness. Annual income twenty pounds, annual c Live within your means
twenty pounds ought and six, result misery." David Copperfield I d lt's a dog-eat-dog world
"*p"nditur"
3 "Credit is a system whereby a person who cannot pay gets another person
who cannot puy io gr.r.ntee that he can pay." Litt/e Dorrit I
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4 "Gold, {or the instant, lost its lustre in his eyes, for there were countless
treasures of the heart wllrich it could never purcl.rase." Nicho/as Nickleby
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B What do you think Dickens' views were on wealth and poverty? l,
Discuss with a partner. .l i:

e Ouickly read the extract. How would you describe Oliver's life thus far?

week, and half a ro11 on Sundays.

OIiVgf aSkS fOf mOfe The room in which the boys were fed'
orpluned frorn dtitaaiitt, otiue, iuist
;pterrts:!ti Trst ,i,,, y,,ou,, i1'ri'
^rii,ii,i,,g IT;i'ff3:;1111i"11i:illt|.L':L5;'
in an apron for the
dressed PurPose/
Mantt. He is ttrotLght ,"p
"iil,t)r"iiiti"1roa
:':lr::i:ii'!i":,:?:'::i:i";:!iit:;iffi1.tr',il:"$lt:1'*"J,1HiH:ff
Mt'. bltlilble, fi ililn01' clilLrcn )fnctnl
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conrposition each hoy had one their places. The master, in his cook's
i'irr,r.ir n; rte pnrish urr"iii"iiiiri:ir't tu".
lTj'""
porringer and no more-excePt on
Mattrt trnt oliter is tofoi[tJ tt,i orirr,.
uniform, stationed himseif at the
s occasions of great public reioicing' copper; his pauper assistants ranged
cstnblisltrttett n,,a 1t,tit)ii,i,, t, *ri'i ,i-"' -
. rvhen he had two ounces and a quarter
,cfitttirt it\rklr\ttse. themselves behind him; the gruel was
of bread besides' served ouf and a long grace rvas said
olir er, being now nine years old, was
The bowls never wanted washing' The over the short commons. The gruel
remo'ecl from the,""iJr'*.*i"r
\rrs. Mann, rr', ,ut,or.'*"r#;;l;;" "i" bo-vs polished them with their spoons disappeared; the boys whispered to
tillthey shone again; and when they e0 each other, and winked at Oliver;
not one kind rvord
Iighrect rhe gloom ";i;;i.'i-,;;;;- had performed this operation (which
;;;;t,"' trever while his next neighbours nudged him.
"ih#;;;
and *,as taken i.to ,i;;;ii.;i*;.
took very lsilg' the spoons being Child as he was, he was desperate uiith
nearlv as large as the bow'ls)' thev hunger, and reckless with misery. He
The rnembers ,f thir;;;;;;;;;;;r, ''
sit staring at the copper"with rose from the table; and advancinq to
sage, deep, pt.,itosophic"aiil;* .,l,o"l'o tl':r: rrraSt€r, basin and spoon in hand,
rr,herr th ev i,."
" they,found!I.
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said, somervhat alarmed at his ow'n
:r to the r,r''o.khouse, out at .,*, .o*por"d. Bbys irave generally temerity:
once, r,r,hat ordinary folks rt'ould,rrer.er
excellent'appetites. Oliver i*irt 'Please, sir, I r.t ant some ntore.'
have discotered-the poor t eollle , . ^r.r,l
riked i, rt,r,as a,d;^",;:;"i'i*'" l;m'mmff#iiXjll'$1il::',,, The master was a fai healthy man;
but he turned very pale. He gazed in
:i::111"11:l!t:1.,o" o::*],:1"':::,
at iast they sot so voracious and wild stupefied astonishment on the small
a tar,ern rlhele there n as nothins to
p av; a pubric u,. u r. ru, t, a i, J #
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iupper all the year round: a blick and , ,t
; H y iii*,il3t:Tffi
1"":"*i n"ll T3:,
rebel for some seconds, and then
ciung for support to the coyy-.. *L^
sort of thing (for his father had
mortar Erysium *,#; i;;"r";l;il
, fo^:n*a small cook-shop)' hinted darkly
zokePt
assistants were paralvsed with wonder;
,orror,
and no r.t-ork. ;;;n. *;ii.'r the boys with feai.
k,,o*,iffi j:,tlj,'"f '.:*,,
we'll ",
'Whatl'said the master length, in
: o ro ok i ns u".y
iellorr s to set this to rights; stop !ffi it :1lii"':il:lJ'"",?
,;", , ,ne nlrgnt some n18l1t napPen
aJralo
faint voice.
at a

all, in iro time.'so, thei esiablished ihe 'Piease, sir,' replied Oliver, 'l n ant
to,eat the boy who slept next to him'
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arl noor
rure. trrat -'^'r- tn",'Id il";'-
-' r'---'"-.:"* some mote.'
the alterrrati'e of being starr ed l.v a r,'-lrohappenedtobeaweaklvvouth
oit.,-,d"r'.g*. He had , *,ta,'ni,njry The master aimed a blorv at Olirrer's
,,0

gr:duall.r.ocess in the rrcrkhouse, or' ^. ^. ,;; -;:,. r-^,,.,rr., r..i, head with the iadle, pinioned him in
[v a quiir< orre out i;il ;;, ,,.,,, ? l;]l1,lii]j'il5:i:i3tTi,';.*il,; his alms, and shrieked aioud for Mr'.
"i;,a cort]l::::?:l:
thel contlacted $'ith Bumble.
should n atk up to the master, after I

- supl-'l,vpreriodicai\' s[iall quantities

_ t]rat evlning, ancl ask for more;
The board were sitting iir -"olerun
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ci o.rtrteal; arrd is:Ltec tltI'ee i,'eal. of ",r.rpp".

..-tl conclave r,t,hen hzli'. Builbie rushed
-:tr,ii. grr.rcl a a"ri *.itn,,-,'o,.,i",*,u* into the rooin iir great erciieuelai, ai-Ld l
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^ +ll:H1l[?ll],11;ff"'r",.,,",0 addlessing a gentlemiin i,r a high chair:,
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Ilcids Raiirs Reeds Rains L
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A- Complete the sentences with the words in the correct form

compensate finance gambte incur maximise
offset reimburse soar squander value
1 Keep your receipts for paper and pens because
office supplies are one of the expenses that you can
against tax.
2 Some airlines remodel plane interiors in order to squeeze in
more seats and'thus
1:

: their profits.
3 i was overchqrged for an online purchase, but the retailer
me when I brought it to tl-reir attention. ,1 I

4 Although the house was at.one million :l

dollars, a bidding frenzy at auction saw it sell for double that.
A row of'for sale' signs suggest that
5 the new city rail link were shelved when the federal
Plans {or the housing market ts stiil unstable
govern ment backtracked on the project. tn Macclesfield, United
6 The young man his inheritance on cars
and holidays, and within just a few years he was in debt.
7 The government will people whose li{e savings were stolen in the elaborate investment
SCAM.

8 ln setting up our new business venture we __ a lot of expenses, but thankfully our company
is doing well.
9 Families can no longer afford to buv a home as house prices have by 30 per cent in the
last five years.
10 Anyone who on the stock exchange should be prepared to lose money, as there is no
guarantee of a profit.

:R Circle the correct words.

1 An investigative journalist exposed the blackmail / bribei-y scandal in which a politician received money in return for
issuing government contracts.
2 lncreased tourism provided a much-needed settlement / stin.rulus to the economy when the mining industry 5lowed
down.
3 ln parliament, the chancellor / treasurer had to field questions from the opposition about government spending.
4 Shar.eholders are expected to vote on the proposed margin / mergerof the two companies nextweek.
5 As the tycoon had no children of his own, he named his only nephew as the heir / proxyto his considerabie fortune.
6 The eldeily, the unemployed, students and low-income families receive government concessions / cuts on medicines.
7 ln order to buy their own home, the couple took out a contract / mortgage payable over 30 years.
8 In a shocking development, the mayor was charged with abuse / rnisuse of public money.

C took at the words in bold in sentences 1-6. What do you think they mean? Choose from the words in the bor
bribe broke bureaucracy expensive miser money
1 We were taken to a very posh restaurant and poor Jack had no idea which pieces of cutlery to use.

2 'llm skint,' said Alex and, in order to give weight to his words, he pulled out his trouser pockets
to prove it.

a ,a.pparently, the building contract was awarded to the company that had given a sizable backhander

4 Even when it had become painfully obvious that Chris needed financial help, his tight-fist of an uncle refused
o:r'.r'ght.
5 'l"iar,e you got any dosh on you?' 'Just a tenner, but I need it to get a taxi home later.,
6 Settii-rg up his business took Nate Ionger than he thought it worjld because of all the red tape. t.
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t Read the Exa,n eiose-up.'Look back at the - -

extract from Oliver Twist. What do you think
a copper is? You are going to read an extract from Ol'iver Twist, a novel by
Charles Dickens. For questions 1 - 6, choose the answer (A, B,
E Now complete the Exam Task. C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.

1 What impression are we given of the workhouse board ,

members?
A There was wisdom in their decisions.
B They had a good understanding ofthe poor.
Dealing u,rith unfamiliar words
C They lacked compassion for the poor.

. Try to work out the meaning of an unfamiliar

D They wished to spare the poor any undue suffering.
word, by looking at the context in which it is 2 For the poor, life in the workhouse
used in the sentence. A allowed for some amusements.
. Look for clues to,its de{inition in the text near B inevitably led to death.
the word.
C included adequate food provisions.
o Search for other instances of the word in the
text to see if the mbaning you think it has is
D was preferable to life on the outside.
supported by the text there. 3 The boys finally decided to ask for more {ood because they
A were extremely hungry.
B enjoyed their meal.
sai,I, '\'{r. Limbkins, I beg yohr pardon, sirl C knew Oliver would succeed.
Oliver Ti'r,ist has asked for more!' D considered there was a threat.
1r0Thet'e rvas a general start. Horror was 4 How did Oliver feel as he approached the master?
depicted on every countenance.
A He was astonished at his own daring.
'For m.ore?'said the chairman. 'Compose
vourself, Bumble, and ansn er me distinctly. B He felt unlucky that he had been chosen.
Do I r-iirderstand that he asked for more, C He was concerned about his fellow inmates.
after he had eaten the supper allotted by the D He felt he had b'i:en pressured into doing it.
dietary?'
'He did, sir,'replied Bumble.
5 How did the mastei react to Oliver's request?

'That boy n,illbe hung,' said a gentleman in A At first, he had not heard it clearly.
a rvi . u,aistcoat. 'I knor,r, that boy will be B lt caused him to almost pass c,it
r::1Lun5.
C He was at a loss what to do abo"t it.
Nobod,v disputed the opinion. Olir,er was D He was hesitant to disturb the board.
crdered into instant confinement, and a bill
u-as next morning pasted on the outside of 6 What were the consequences of Oliver's action?
the n orkhouse gate, offering a reward of five A The board considered capital punishment.
pounds to anybody u,hc would take Oliver
T'.^,-ist off their hands, In other rvords, five
B A public announcement was made about it.
r-,cnnds and Oliver Tr.r,ist iarere offered to any C A reward was offered for information about Oliver.
il tan or \\roman r,r'ho n anted an apprentice to D The board found a way to rid itself of him.
aii-r, lrade, business, or cailing.

F Replace the words in bold in the sentences with words and phrases from the extract.
I
I The village children listened to the elder as he was considered to be wise.
2 The slaves were treated poorly and had to obey their masters completely.
5 ln the city's slums, disease spread rapidly among the poor people.
I 4 No one had the boldness to question the chairman's decisioni
5 The public was astonished and shocked by the greed ofthe conspirators.

"t 6 ,After a long time, his lecturing on my spending habits ended.

7 lhe Mona Lisa is a portrait of a woman with a mysterious facial expression.
o The refugee wiped the tears from her eyes and struggled to calm herself

ren to wo ldeas Focus

families? V'lhy? lWhy not?
Would you refuse to buy an item
even if it were a bargain? Why? / Why

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 * eii'ele the odd rsord out.'
1 entitled moneyed privileged wanting
ffiaer;rt*
2 extravagant thrifty lavish opulent
3 well-kept well-heeled well-off well-to-do
4 aboveboard corrupt crooked shady
5 stingy miserly spendthrift penny-pinching

E Compiete the sentences with the circled words in D.

1 I can assure you that all of our business dealings and transactions
are strictly
2 Be careful with your money; remember, it's better to
be than broke.
3 Hundreds of poor families were left for money
and food after the earthquake.
4 l'm certain that one of these days, his ways will
land him in the bankruptcy court.
5 They live in a home with manicured lawns, a
tennis court and a swimming pool

Phrasal vcrbs
'Match
F 1-8 with a-h to make sentences. Use the words in italics to help you.
1 The government should really crack tr a withoutherself.
2 Oliver complained about the tiny portions of food doled b him with expensive gifts.
3 Her children have everything they want even if she has to go c out to the hungry boys.
4 Don't even consider doing business with lrim; he'll rp d into a lot of money.
5 ''offabout
His grandparents adored him and continued to shower e that trader.
6 The securities commission was recently tipped f elderly people of their sav,ngs
7 Wilhout conscience, these fraudsters rob g down hard on corruption.
8 Her grandfather was a wealthy man and she , . .re h you offwithout a second though t.

eeE!oeatlens & Exgaress!@ft s

G Complete the expressions with the words.
bet corner egg lane [ine i-ed resort side
1 l'm in a tight ls there any way you can you help me out?
2 Having saved wisely all his working life, Reg had a nice nest to retire on
J l{ the bank declines our request for a Ican, rrye'!! ask cur parents as a last
4 Life in the fast doesn't come cheap, as Josh found out to his dismay,
5 She makes a little money on the by working in her spare time !

6 It's a safe that once interest rates drop, more people will want to borrow, I

7 The company is in the and I really wonder if it will ever make a profit
I The bottom is that we need another ten thousand pounds to finish the job.
q
H Decide if these adjectives and expressions are used to describe someone who is rich (R) or someone
who is poor (P).

a
1 minted 5 indigent T
2 .flush 6 skint T )
3 strapped for cash 7 flat broke tr
4 rolling in it tr I affluent tr
E Whicn two words/phrases in H are formal? Can you think of any more adjectives/expressions to
describe rich and poor?

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i Read the Exam Close-up. Then read
Dealing with multiple-choice cloze texts
through the text in the Exam Task below
to get an idea of the topic. . Read through the text first to get a clear idea
of the topic.

K Now complete the Exam Task. " Look at the words either side of the gap,
Establish what type of word is missing (noun,
adjective, verb, etc.).
o Remember that fixed phrases and idioms often
don't follow the normal rules so read through
Exam Task the text again if you're not sure. Does it sound
For questions 1 - 8, read the text below and decide'which right?
answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

A.ceruing wealth
Wealth tends to generate more wealth, but being born with a (1) spoon in one's mouth is not the only way to
the top. Some of the world's wealthiest people started out (2) poor. People from very (3) beginnings
- some of the wealthiest people in the world.
have not only risen to the top of their industries, but have also become

The rich get richer and theiq net (4) - seems unfair to many, but the -personal stories of
continues to grow, This
those who have gone from rags to (5) have much to teach us about success. They remind us that through grit
and the right (6) of mind, it's-possible to overcome even wretched circumstances.
Growing up on the (7) of the tracks is no blessing. However, it needn't be a (8) either. ln the
cases of many it has provided the impetus needed to get ahead.
-side
1 A go den B silver C large D expensive
2 A gnmy B filthy C dirt D earth
5 A hum ble B timid C low D shy
4 A wealth B money C value D worth
: 5 A richer B riches C rlch D richly
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6 A peace B presence C frame D cast
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7 A wrong B other C worst D opposite
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8 A bother B horror C shame D curse
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'lf you are careful with your money, you will miss out on
fun activities and you won't have many friends.' Do you ldeas Focus
agree? Why? / Why rrot?
o Are you a saver or a sperrder? Why?
Do you think that borrcwing large amounts of money is
normal nowadays? Wh.v? ls this a good thing? i
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A Underline the nsgative adverbs in these sentences and answer

the questions.
1 Not until he received his salary could he pay the bills.
2 Never did they manage to save any money.
3 Hardly had the money been deposited when it was withdrawn.
4 Under no circumstances should you tell anyone your PlN.
5 Not one good reason could the accountant give {or the lack of funds.
6 No sooner had the money been deposited than it was withdrawn.

a Which two negative adverbs mean the same?

b Which negative adverbs are followed by inversion in the main clause?
i How could sentences 1-6 be re-worded usirg'different negative adverbs?

B Match the adverbs in sentences 1-6 in A with the meanings a-e.

a on no account d only when, only after
, b not a single , e not once, at no time/point/stage
c scarcely, barely

C Complete the rule.

Many negative adverbs are followed by omission / inversion of the verb and subject when they start / end a
sentence. The effect is to make the sentence more formal / informal and emphatic. Many negative adverbs
connected with time are followed by inversion. Adverbs only if , not until, only.when, and only after are followed by a

clause and the inversion is in the subordinate / main clause.

5o & sErcr?

D Reacl ,: e sentences and then decide if the statements about so and such are true (T) or f';' :'(F).
Such were the region's economic problems that it would prove hard to recover.
So huge were his debts that he would never pay them of-f.
1 So + adjective and such used at the beginning of a sentence with the verb to be are followed by inversion.
2 Such means 'so great' inthis case. I
3 5o and such are usecj in this wayonly in veryformal English.I

E Complete the sentences with the correct negative adverb.

B;rel'.v Littte Not once (x2) Not only No sooner 0n no account 0nty after ix2) 0nty if
1 did the bank's customers suspect that it would fail.
2 had he won the money than he started receiving begging lettei-s.
J should you risk your money on those shares.
4 three years' hard work, did their business start making a profit.
5 did the boss mention a pay rise.
6 is the interest rate on the loan low, but the repayment terms are favourable.
7 had he paid one bill when another larger one arrived.
o you are over 18 will the banl< issue you with a credit card.
9 interest rates fell, was she able to take on a mortgage.
I did they warn us that a weal< currency would lead to food prices rising.

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F Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
1 Hardly the students adult life when they were already in debt. (begin)
2 Never so much on a birthday present, but it's for my daughter's 21st.
(spend)
J:

3 Not Lrntil the landlord the deposit, will he give tenants a key. (receive)
4 The mayor stressed that under no circumstances public officials bribes in
the recent scandal. (accept)
5 At no point the stock market signs of recovery yesterday. (show)
6 ln no way ________-- the governmenl cbrruption, according to its spokesman.
(condone)

e
Unreal Past
G
-
Read the sentences about Tom. Tick the grammatically
correct sentences and then complete the rule.
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a lf only Tom hadn't lolt all his money on the stock market. ,l
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b Tom wishes he weren't broke.

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c Tom's wi{e wishes Tom hadn't lost all his money.

d Tom's wife wishes he would get a job. yi- -.,
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e Tom wishes he could get a job, too. .tlY

f lt's time Tom got a job. ",.(;.#:

g Tom wishes he would get a job. Ygrk Stock

h Tom acts as if he doesn't lose all his money.

After if any / only and wish we use unreal / real past forms. We should / would to talk
about other people. We use unreal past after as if to show that and after it'stime to
show that something should happen.

Would rather, wourd prefer & Prad better

H Read the sentences and match them with a-f in G.
1 He would rather not be broke. He would prefer not to be broke. E
2 He would rather not have lost all his money. He would prefer not to have lost all his money.
3 She would rather he got a job. She would prefer him to a job.I
4 He would rather get job, too. He would prefer to get
a a job, too
5 He had better get a job. E
6 She would rather he hadn't lost all his ,on"y. I
i Which sentences from H are examples of unreal past?

J Circle the correct words.

1 The shopkeeper would rather we paid / had paid cash, if we have it.
2 lt's time the children lear-r.rt / to learn to spend their money responsibly instead of frittering it away
3 lf only his restaurant had inade / made a profit, he wouldn't have closed it. .l
4 You had better / would pre{er take some financial advice before buying a house.
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5 I
'vould stop s'iopped wasting my hard-earned cash on expensive holidaysl
vrish you
6 The prominent businessman would i-ether'/ prefer not disclose his salary.
7 I urould rather you not l^ia'ie / hacin't made that strLpid financial decision.
8 Marc acts as if he cllnod.,'- owr^-. the restaurarrt, but actually he is just head waiter.

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 K nnatch sentences 1=5 with responses'a-e. - up
1 I haven't got any money left to go out thia weel<errd. Recognising struetui'es
2 l've lost a lot o{ money on the stock market this week.
" With key word transformations you
3 I always thought you should be a doctor, but you chose retail need to recognise which structure is
needed.
4 We should put our savings into a high-interest account.
" ldentify sentences that need inversions
5 Why do you buy cheap clothes? Brands are better qualityl
or a change in verb tense, e.g. from real
a I wish l'd listened to your advice. l'd be a lot richer! time to unreal past.
b I'd prefer to invest in some property.
. After completing the second sentence,
compare it with the first to make sure you
c l'd rather spend less so I can keep buying more.
have changed all the necessary details.
d You'd better get a job, then.
e lf only you'd invested in gold, you'd be {ine.

t Complete the sehtences with the correct{orm of the verbs in brackets.

1 I wish you (not fall out) with your parents. We won't get any inheritance money nowl
2 lf only we (buy) a house in London back in the early noughties - we'd be rolling in it by now.
t The media are (act) as if the currency devaluation had nothing to do with the recent vote
4 It's obvious that it (be) now time to raise interest rates and give some positive nevvs to savers.
5 I wish we (not be) sg reliant on government benefits to pay our bills every month

'6 I would rather he -------L- (get) a ]ob straightaway, than waste a load of money on a pointless degree

M Read the Exam Close-up. Then complete the Exam Task below.

Exam Task
For questions 1 - 5, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using
the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three anU eight words, including the
word given. r*l
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1 Don't sell your house now, whatever you do. .J

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no

On sell your house now.

2 The economy did not recover for ancther decade.

u ntil
Not the economy recover.
3 ln view of the recent drop in prices, he regrets buying the house.
wishes

ln view of the recent drop in prices,

the house.
4 The manager never discussed his finances with his friends.
no

At his finances with his friends.

5 Debit cards rarithdraw the money from a bank account immediately.
sooner

No the money leaves your bank

a

a 'Buying a house or apaftment is much better than renting.' ldeas Focus

Do you agree? Why? / Why not?
a Do you think people should be allorved to buy propertri
as an investment (they will never live in tlte property
themselves)? Why? lWhy not?

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A Look at the pictures. Djscuss with a partner the differences and similarities between these alternative
means of payment. What alternati.re means of payment have you heard of? Why would people use these?

Match the words 1-6 with a-f

=
t hyperinflation a valid currency
2 digital currency b exchange of work measured Considering themes & attitudes
3 time bank in hours / by the hour
o Read the questions carefully before
yoir listen and identifythe broader
4 iegal tender c internet-based currency
thbme encompassing both tasks.
5 transaction d very rapid rise in prices n Then consider the aspect of that theme
6 local currency e community currency covered by each tasl<.
f buying or , 'ing something o Consider what you know about the
theme and try to anticipate the kinds
e a+t.'t', Read the Exam Close-up. Then complete the Exam Task. ' of attitudes and opinions that may be
expressied in the tw'; tasks.

Exam Task
You will hear five shor:t extracts in which different people talk about different kinds of currencies.
Task 1 Task 2

For questioris 1 - 5, choose {rom the list (A - H), the For questions 6 - 1 0, choose from the list (A - H), the main
person who is speaking. disadvantage of the currency mentiorred by each speaker.
While you lilten, you must complete both tasks.
G A
B
a bank employee
a small business owner
A
B
it can be used for illegal purposes
it is a difficult system to use
C a retired teacher C it resembles a failed currency
D a street vendor D it requires a lot of patience
!

E a stamp collector E it is restricted to services

F qn antiques trader F it cannot be used to pay taxes
G a softrnvare engineer G it cannot be used by tourists
H a volunteer in a school H it is restricted to one part of the country

1 Speaker 1 T 4 Speaker 4 tr 6 Speaker 1 9 Speaker-4 tr

2 Speaker 2 tr 5 Speaker 5 fl 7 Speaker 2 10 Speaker 5 tr
3 Speaker 3 tr 8 Speaker 3

ffi Now iisten again and eheck your answers

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 A Work with a partner. Discuss what is happening in photos 1
and 2 and then decide what you would do.

B Working with your partner again, answer these questions.

c lsit betcer to earn money than to win it? Why? / Why not?
o Are the best things in life free? Why? lWhy not?
. ls wealth distributed {airly? Why? / Why not? Exam
Sustaining a conversation
C Read the Exarn elose-up. Then look at the ExamTask
o In the test you are expected to keep
below anel nral<e sure you understand the instructions.
d the conversation going, so add to your
partner's points using linking words.
D Now work r,vith'ir partner and complete Task 1 in the . Allow your partner to finish talking'. Do not
Exam Task. Then change roles and complete Task 2.
interrupt. lf you disagree with your partner,
Use the Use{ulExpressions to help you. Finally, discuss
do so politely and put the opposite point of
the ge ne ral ques'rion together. view across clearly for them to respond to.

Exam Task
Student .A,: .Ariswer the question about money and morality in Task l, using the prompts to help you.
StuCefit t: Answer one of the follow-up questions and then ask Student R if th"y agree with yorr. .nr*".
Then change roles and complete Task 2.

Task 1 Task 2
What afiecrs 1:scple's behaviour if they receive money What affects people's behaviour when they find
by mistake? something valuab16?
e the difference between right and wrong o the chance of a reward for returning it
r their necd tr: be honest r their own financial circumstances
. their beiief i rck r their ability to put themselves in the owner's
Follow-up question: position
o What should someone do if their bank credits their Follow-up question:
account by mistake? . Do you believe in the expression: 'Finders keepers,
" i-low do you feel if a shopkeeper or taxi-driver losers weepers'?
gives you too much change? . Have you ever returned something to its owner?
a What would you do if a restaurant forgot to charge r What can you do if you find a lost wallet or credit
you for something? card?

Now discuss this question with your partner.

" ls it nioney or Iack of money that is the root of all evil?

- Useful Hxpressions
' Keeping disecr:rse going People say that, but would they really .. ? Summing up
t
That's a good point ... Is that perhaps a little narveiunrealistic/ Broadly speaking, I think we agree.
Whilewe're on the subject of ... cynical?
We have come to the conclusion
Talking about ..., ive should bear in mind Expressing disapproval that ...
i)
That s lrue in theory, however in practice It shouldn't be allowed. To sum up, we could say that ,..
Coming back to your point about ... l'm not in favour of ...
l'm totally against ...

6 What is a black market and why does it exist? ldeas Focus

a Are fare dodging, tax evasion and illegal downloads
the same as stealing? Why / Why not?

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Choosing between two topics

o You will choose between two essay topics and will be given
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30 minr,ies in which to write your essay.
. lt is important that you read the two prompts very carefully in Beriinale Paiast ri", -. I

crder to understand the tasks. Ask yourself what exactly you

are being asked to dir. For example, do you need to discuss
one side of an argument? Do you need to discuss advantages ,i -tt.
arC d sadvartages? ,1
a
. Then underline the key words in each prompt, mak<! notes .t

about the points you can discuss for each topic and consider
A
the vocabulary you will need to use- Choose the topic you are
better prepared to respond to.
. O,nce you have chosen your topic, organise your ideas in the
crder you wish to discuss them.

P Look at the questions below and match them to the requirements of the task.
1 Do you think the legal driving age in your country shoulcl be raised? !
2 What are the advantages and disadvantages of exam-based assessment? !
3 Which do you think is more important: earning less to Co a job you love or hariing a higher income in a job that
does not satisfy you?
a Choose between two opinions and discuss.
lc Consider one specific question.
e Discuss two sides o{ an issue.

Read the two prompts below and decide what the tasks entail by chotsing from a, b and c in A.
=
Prompt 1 Prompt 2
- -1

Money serves to make life easier and provides ln our society, actors and athletes who have achieved
solutions to a range of life's common problems, but celebrity status comrnand exceptionally high fees for
there are instances when the opposite holds true. ln their work, and through advertising and sponsorship
what situations can rnoney create problems, rather deals. lt is a commonly held view that such people are
than solve them? Discuss, and give specific examples not more deserving than others. Can the amounts of
to support your views. money they are paid be justified, or not? Support your
opinion with reasons and examples.

e Underline the key words in the prompts in B and write down the points and some key vocabulary you
could use,in an essay to discuss them. Which topic are you best prepared to write about?

* Read the example essay written in response to Prompt 1. How do the writer's ideas compare to yours?
l"loney plays a vitaL rote in the world.we Live in. It provides us urith Not onLy can money cause problems at the societaI Levet. but
the basic necessities such as clothing, housing, transport and itcan ruin individuaI Lives. ]n the case of windfaLls such as an
iood. Beyond that, it aLlows for Life's Little Luxuries such as the inheritance or a tottery win, the sudden shift to wealth can
occasionaL hotiday. However, money is a doubLe-edEed sword, and become a curse. There have been numerous stories in the media
aLcng rvith its many benefits come significant drawbacks. about Lottery winners being harassed for money, or lryhose friends
The most serious of these js the redjstribution of weaLth. Perhaps and fami[y expLoited thejr kindness. Some have squandered their
never before in history has so much been in the hands of so few; fortunes due to poor money management and ended up broke.
the so-caLled'one per cent'. When rryeaLth is not divjded equal.ty, 0thers find themselves indebted. The rnost unfortunate have met
it creates class divisions and this situation leads to sociaL unrest. tragic ends, the victims of ruthLess ki[ers.
V/e need only Look back to the French RevoLution to see what In summary, it wouLd seern that money is an issue that can divide
form this unrest can take. Granted, v/e are no Longer Living in the peopLe, a.t times quite vioLently. V/hether it creates two distjnct
eighteenih c:ntury, but the same probLems continue to pIague classes in society or tears famiLjes apart and destroys friendships,
us. The have-ncts - tlien, as noy/ - s'.press tlreir tjesperation it is a powerfuI foi'ce jn our world.
:1,^,
;r -r rr sentrrent tor,rai'ds the rich and to corrupt goverrrmenls by ,I
iL -ic:' . -., iociirq :nd st"'kinq. il
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A Look at the title. What is the usua! meaning of 'nioney laundering'?

B Look at the photo below and discuss the questions with a partner,
o What has happened to the money?
. What do you think caused this?
. Does this moneyhave any value?
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vvRrEe v.:'= iuaE€m
'..
e Watch the video and decide if these statements are true or false. Write T for true and [: for false.
1 Banks are non-existent in rural Alaska.
2 They have mostly recovere.i $100 bills. il I

3 The initial estimate of the '.,alue of the burnt cash is over $20,000 t_l
4 t lre whole of the house has been destroyed in the fire. []
5 Th-ore turns cut to be rnuch rnore money than they first thcught. T
6 The fire is knovvn to have started accrdentally.
ft E.'.- . ..gi=.Eti
.,, ..,-**i,.
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f,.; Conrpiete the sumirrary of tlie video clip belo':v r.isinq these words.
charred distinguishabto initiai irtaci i*unueriirg nlile
-,,,-l .-!..--. -r-^i.
I Ut Ct 5q'.voUtr 5lq9^ ij ur.r,,.

Since banl<s don't exist in ('! ) ,--.--. .- Alaska, .*

Er.:ri..

it's nct unusual to store cash at hrirre. :i,cr victini u.f liris lrouse
t're had p,rt cash in bags, arrc.i lo .i re cash was oa.Jly bui'irt. The
trooDers find r,otcs of different cir,:nomirratrons, some of which are
stirl (2) ..- . Handing over the investiqation
--- -
to the fire marsiral, irooper Cr-rflir(1rs ex;:lains that he has secureci
about 52,OCIJ to $5.000 in casir ;nd that- e,.,erything else is still
(3) . , exactl,T as it'rias left. At rire
sta:.on, Trooper Corrncrts t, ies to (4)
what he can. He rins:s oti the (5) -- ==_, ,. .--
residue on the baink n.ites so th-at--,,- he can count l-l,ern accrrrately.
Finding a 16)
- .' -.. cri liunclr.-:r} r:iollar bilis, ihe
__, r:::iimult;s
were tctally' 'i'cng, and irow b,llieve i[16,y i-rave recovr:reci cash
to the value of between $20,000 and $30,000. I"hey spe.nd.the
night cleaping and drying rhs ca:h, hcping that it rrill ccn'\[]tr--rir::ate
the family for their (8) -- loss. ,a.ithough
,..^-^,, \I t
,r,,e:/ /o\ ---,, - .-.-.. -. is nct i,:ii' ,:f r:r.-,lice trainirrg,
they say that going the ext.e ('1 0; - .-- is
worth it io support a bereaved iam;i),. ------Meanwhile the investigation
rnto the ca,.,se o{ tl e {ire ccrrtir,ues.

o
lijeiris Fri[:u$ \A/here is the safest place tcr keup rnoney?
c ln n,irat ways can inoney be mutilated other than
:r v firL:?
is lt [,etter tr.r L;se piasi:ic money br cash for
i i'airsaciioris? 'Nhy'! I \A/i'r,,, noi.?

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1 Has the writer understood the specific task? Explain.
2 How many main paragraphs are there? What does each focus
Writing an effective essay '',:.st,t---

e l/ake
- w
on? sure you fully understand the task.
3 What examples has the writer given to support of their views? ' l-hink about the impressive vocabulary you
can use before you decide which topic to
4 How has the writer linked the first three paragraphs?
write about.
5 Does the conclusion summarise the main points of the essay? c Use examples to supporl your views.
. lJse topic sentences that link back to the
F Complete the sentences with topic-specific vocabulary
pi'evious paragraphs.
from the model essay in D.
1 You need to learn about in order to
use your inheritance wisely.
2 Food, water and shelter are the that every living creature requires.
2 The governmeirt seems helpless to deal with the that has erupted
4 There is no place in our society for the that i'ocked Europe in the past.
5 The term
--' ' is relative; for me, it's a night out, but for you it could be gold jewellery,

G Read the Exam Close-up. Then complete the Exam lask. Use the paragraph plan and the lJseful
Expressions to help you write your essay. ,]
Exam Task Useful ffixpremsicr:*
Choose from one of the two topics to write your essay
about. You have 30 minutes and should write up to two lntroducing your topic
pages. More and more people are ...
Over the past ten years or so, ...
Prompt 1
Recent research indicates that ...
ln our society, actors and athletes who have
Changing topic ..
achieved celebrity status command exceptionally
As regards athletes, ...
high fees for their work, and through advertising
and sponsorship deals. lt is a commonly held view Concerning well-paid actors, ,..
that such people are not more deserving than As for the effect on customs, ...
others. Can the amounts of money they are paid be Pres: ;rting arguments
justified or not? Support your opinion with reasons
One justification often given for .. . is that
and examples.
Some would tlaim that, ,..
However, it should not be forgotten that .
Prompt 2
Tourism is one of the biggest industries in the
world, supporting many economies. However,
some people argue that tourism is having a
lntroduction Make a general statement to
negative impact on the traditional cultures of
introduce your topic.
popuiar destinations. ln what ways does tourism
affea peopJe and places? Supp-ort your opinion Main paragraph 1: Discuss your first point. Begin
with reasons and examples. with a topic sentence.
Main paragraph 2: Discuss your second point.
Begin with a topic sentence.
Conclusion: Summarise your points.

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Be$ere yeu wateh

A Look at the title. What is the usual meai-;ing of 'n:oney laundering'?

B Look at the photo below and discuss the questions with a partner.
o What has happened to the money?

" What do you think caused this?

. Does this money have any valrre?

d{hiEe "."+# ,.rar€h

e W"t.h the video and clecide if these statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false
1 Banks are non-existent in rural Alaska. |-]
2 ihey have nostly recoverei 5100 bills.
-
3 Ti",e'n tial estimate of the'.,alu.e of the burnt cash is over S20,(;00. t-
4 l-he whole of the house has been destroyed in the fire. i]
5 There turns cut to be rnuch more money than they first thought. I
6 The {ire is known to have started accrdentally. t-
.9.ft+, ,:,r i.c&tf,Ei

i= Complete ihe summary r:f iiie video clip belo'rs r.rsing these wsrds.
:harred distinguisirabte i;';iiiai irt.lei :Fr.rnderiilg rTi[e
.,.!!,- r..-^:.
I-,,.-l
ur CL gq[VqVtr- . -r-^i.
5!ilLr\ lia':',.

Since banl<s don't exist in (1) - c,iaska,

-.--.
it's nct unusual to store cash et i-,.rme, . iie vir:tiiir u.f 'li'rs irouse
fire had put cash irr bags, ancl so iiie cash was bailiy bui'nt. Tl-,e
troopers find r,otcs of differ-ent cjenomirratrons, some of rn,hiclr are
still(2) Handing over the investiqation
to the fire marsiral, iioopei Ctlrnors explains that he has secureci
about 52,0C0 to 55.t)00 in cash and th:t e'rerything e!se is still
(3) - .- , exactl'7 as it'las left. .,\l tle
station, Trooper Conncr's ti'ies to (4)

residue cn the beink hrtes so that he can counl tf,r'rn acc-rrrately.

Finding a (6) ,-- - . -.. c,t liLrnclrec] r.icllar" i:ills, rhe
ri-copers realise ih:: their i7) ;l!rir..rtt;S
were totally wrcng, anC nor.v br:lieve the,y i-rave :'erovr:rsci casl'r
to the value of between $20,000 and $30,000. 1'l-rey sp"-.nd.the
night cleaping and drying tl-:,. ca:h, hcping that it r,vi!l ccilFenriate
loss. .a.lti,c,ugh

tney say that going the ext'a ('l lr) is

worth it to support a bereaved famity. Ivls3n'whlle the investigation
into the cause of the fire ccntinues.

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lilc;is Ftlcu$ \l/here is ine saiest place tcr keep rnoney?

in rryhat ways cdn money be mutilated other than
:; y' iirel'
ls :t bs,tter i:r; ii-.e piastic money br cash for
ti'aiis;aciicns? l',:hy'i / lt/iry not? ,i
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Befei'e y+e; i+ratei.t

A LoOk at the title, What iS the uSUa! ;pg;11.1inn nt 'nranorr larrndaripg'!

B Look at the photo below and discuss the questions with a partner.
o What has happened to the money?

" What do you think caused this?

o Does this mone! have any valrre?

d{E: i E + "*,g 4',--*g;i-gfu

e W"t.h the video and decide if these statements are ti'ue or false. Write T for true and F for false
1 Banks are non-existent in rural Alaska. t]
2 t hey have mostly recovereci $100 bills.
-]
3 The initial estimate of the'.,alu.: of the burnt cash is over $20,()00. t-]
4 The whole of the house has been destroyed in the fire. i]
5 There turns cut to be rnuch rnore money than they first thought. I
6 The iire is known to have started accrdentally. I
Afl+: *:u-,e y{fit€h
Fl.: Complete lhe sumrnary r:f tiie video clip below usinq these word

charred distingui:hable ir:iiiai iri;lei ieunuering rT:i[e

,.!.,- - - --l^^t.
I-,,.-1
Ur dt Cqr.veytr SrdLa\ (io,r,.

Since banl<s don't exist in (1) - Aiasi..a,

---
it's nct unusual to store cash at i-,,-,i-rre, ,;'rr-- vlr:tirir ti'rs lroi.rse
'.f
fire had put cash in bags, anci so Liie cash uvas r:aiJiy bui-nt. The
troopers find notcs of drffer-ent denominatrons, sorne of whiclr are
still (2) Handing over the investigation
to the {ir,e marshal, iroopei Cc;rrirclrs explains that he has securecj
about S2,0C0 to 55.000 irr cash and th:t- errerything else is still
(3) __=-- , exactl'7 as it \//ds left. .A.t tire
station, Trooper.Conncris ti'!es to (4)
what he can. FIe rinses oif r:he (5)
--__,
_-
residue on the be,nr< n,jtes so that he can counl fl,r'rrr acr-urately.
F nding a'6) -- ' -,. cif hunc]red eicllar i:ills, ihe I
ti-copers realise th:: iheir (7) i:i!rifitdtr):; :i.
.I
ivere tctally',o;rcng, anC nor.v b'.lieve the.y have re.ov1'jr?ci (asl-r
to the value of between $20,000 and $30,C00. They spend.the
night cleaping and drying ths cash, hcping that it',/,,ill ccnrptr).iate

nrcney (9) is 'rct i:,i i ,:f 1.r'rlice training,

they say that going the ext.a ('1 0) is
worth it to support a bereaved family. Meanwhiie the investigation
into the ca,rse of the {ire ccrrtiriues.

o
* C
lcler-ii: Fr-cus \A/here is the safest place to keep rnoney?
lrr u,hat v/ays can money be mutilated other than
r,1 firi:?
ls it k'etter tr; i;;e piastic money br cash {cr
iiai,saciic,.ris?'lu ty"i / Wi"ry noi-? !
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