HV857

HV857

Demo Kit High Voltage EL Lamp Driver for

Available
Low Noise Applications

Features General Description

❏ Patent pending audible noise reduction The Supertex HV857 is a high voltage driver designed for driving
❏ Patent pending lamp aging compensation Electroluminescent (EL) lamps of up to 5 square inches. The
input supply voltage range is from 1.8V to 5.0V. The device uses
❏ 190VPP output voltage for higher brightness a single inductor and a minimum number of passive components.
❏ Patented output timing for high efficiency The nominal regulated output voltage that is applied to the EL
❏ Single cell lithium ion compatible lamp is ±95V. The chip can be enabled/disabled by connecting
the resistor on Rsw-osc to VDD/ground.
❏ 150nA shutdown current
The HV857 has two internal oscillators, a switching MOSFET,
❏ Wide input voltage range 1.8V to 5.0V and a high voltage EL lamp driver. The frequency for the
❏ Separately adjustable lamp and converter frequencies switching MOSFET is set by an external resistor connected
❏ Output voltage regulation between the Rsw-osc pin and the supply pin VDD. The EL lamp
driver frequency is set by an external resistor connected be-
❏ Split supply capability tween REL-osc pin and the VDD pin. An external inductor is
connected between the LX and VDD pins or VIN for split supply
applications. A 0.003-0.1µF capacitor is connected between Cs
Applications and ground. The EL lamp is connected between VA and VB.
❏ LCD backlighting The switching MOSFET charges the external inductor and
❏ Mobile cellular phones discharges it into the capacitor at Cs. The voltage at Cs will start
to increase. Once the voltage at Cs reaches a nominal value of
❏ PDAs
95V, the switching MOSFET is turned OFF to conserve power.
❏ Handheld wireless communication products The outputs VA and VB are configured as an H bridge and are
switching in opposite states to achieve ±95V across the EL lamp.
❏ Global Positioning Systems (GPS)

Typical Application

ON=VDD Enable Signal

OFF=0

Regulated Voltage=VDD 1 VDD VA 8

EL Lamp
2 RSW-osc VB 7
+
VDD=VIN 3 REL-osc CS 6
_
4 Gnd LX 5

CIN LX
HV857MG
CS

07/24/03
Supertex Inc. does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications and will not knowingly sell its products for use in such applications unless it receives an adequate "products liability
indemnification insurance agreement." Supertex does not assume responsibility for use of devices described and limits its liability to the replacement of devices determined to be defective due to
workmanship. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications, refer to the
Supertex website: http://www.supertex.com. For complete liability information on all Supertex products, refer to the most current databook or to the Legal/Disclaimer page on the Supertex website.
1
 HV857

Electrical Characteristics
DC Characteristics (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified, TA=25°C)
Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units Conditions
RDS(on) On-resistance of switching transistor 6.0 Ω I=100mA
VCs Max. output regulation voltage 85 95 105 V VDD=1.8V to 5.0V
VA – VB Peak to Peak output voltage 170 190 210 V VDD=1.8V to 5.0V
IDDQ Quiescent VDD supply current 150 nA RSW-OSC=Low
IDD Input current going into the VDD pin 150 µA VDD=1.8V to 5.0V. See Figure 1.
IIN Input current including inductor current 20 25 mA See Figure 1.*
VCs Output voltage on VCs 84 V See Figure 1.
fEL EL lamp frequency 205 240 275 Hz See Figure 1.
fSW Switching transistor frequency 80 KHz See Figure 1.
D Switching transistor duty cycle 88 % See Figure 1.
* The inductor used is a 220µH Murata inductor, max DC resistance of 8.4Ω, part # LQH32CN221K21.

Recommended Operating Conditions

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units Conditions
VDD Supply voltage 1.8 5.0 V
fEL Output drive frequency 1 KHz
TA Operating temperature -40 85 °C

Enable/Disable Function Table

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units Conditions
EN-L Logic input low voltage 0 0.2 V VDD=1.8V to 5.0V
EN-H Logic input high voltage VDD-0.2 VDD V VDD=1.8V to 5.0V

Absolute Maximum Ratings* Pin Configuration

Supply Voltage, VDD -0.5V to +6.5V
Operating Temperature Range -40° to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range -65°C to +150°C
MSOP-8 Power Dissipation 300mW VDD VA
1 8
Output voltage, VCS -0.5 to +120V
Note: RSW 2 7 VB
*Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device
may occur. Functional operation under these conditions is not implied. Continu- MSOP-8
ous operation of the device at the absolute rating level may affect device reliability. REL 3 6 CS
All voltages are referenced to device ground.

Gnd 4 5 LX
Ordering Information
Package Options Top View
Device MSOP-8 Die
HV857 HV857MG* HV857X
* Product supplied on 2500 piece carrier tape reels.

2
 HV857

Block Diagram

LX

VDD
CS

RSW
Switch
Osc
Q

VA
GND Vsen
+
C Q
Disable _ Vref High
Voltage
Level
Trans-
VDD lators
Q

Rel EL
Osc VB

Figure 1: Typical Application/Test Circuit

ON=VDD Enable Signal Equivalent to 3.0in2 lamp

OFF=0 VIN=VDD
2.0K
VDD 1 VDD VA 8
Ω 10nF
2 RSW-osc VB 7
+
VIN 3 REL-osc CS 6
_ 2.0MΩ SB01-15
1.0µF 4 Gnd LX 5

HV857MG 220µH
3.3nF
100V

LX=220µH Murata (LQH32CN221K21)

SB01-15=150V Sanyo Diode

Typical Performance
Device Lamp Size VIN IIN VCS fEL Brightness
HV857MG 3.0 in2 3.3V 20mA 84V 240Hz 6.0ft-lm

3
 HV857

Typical Performance Curves for Figure 1 (EL Lamp=3.0in2, VDD=3.0V)

Vcs vs Vin Iin vs Vin

95 25
23
85
VCS (V)

21

lin (mA)
75 19
17
65
15
55 13
1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5
Vin (V) Vin (V)

Brightness vs Vin Iin vs Vcs

7 24
6 22
Brightness (ft-lm)

5 20

lin (mA)
4
18
3
2 16
1 14
1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 55 65 75 85 95
Vin (V) Vcs (V)

Iin, Vcs, Brightness vs Inductor Value

100 7

90
6
80 Vcs

70 5

Brightness (ft-lm)
lin (mA), VCS (V)

60 Brightness 4
50
3
40

30 Iin
2
lin
20
1
10

0 0
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Inductor Value (µH)

4
 HV857

External Component Description

External Component Selection Guide Line

Diode Fast reverse recovery diode, 150V Sanyo SB01-15 or equivalent.

Cs Capacitor 0.003µF to 0.1µF, 100V capacitor to GND is used to store the energy transferred from the inductor.

REL-osc The EL lamp frequency is controlled via an external REL resistor connected between REL-osc and VDD of the
device. The lamp frequency increases as REL decreases. As the EL lamp frequency increases, the amount
of current drawn from the battery will increase and the output voltage VCS will decrease. The color of the EL
lamp is dependent upon its frequency.
A 2MΩ resistor would provide lamp frequency of 205 to 275Hz. Decreasing the REL-osc by a factor of 2 will
increase the lamp frequency by a factor of 2.

RSW-osc The switching frequency of the converter is controlled via an external resistor, RSW between RSW-osc and VDD
of the device. The switching frequency increases as RSW decreases. With a given inductor, as the switching
frequency increases, the amount of current drawn from the battery will decrease and the output voltage, VCS,
will also decrease.

Lx Inductor The inductor Lx is used to boost the low input voltage by inductive flyback. When the internal switch is on,
the inductor is being charged. When the internal switch is off, the charge stored in the inductor will be
transferred to the high voltage capacitor CS. The energy stored in the capacitor is connected to the internal
H-bridge and therefore to the EL lamp. In general, smaller value inductors, which can handle more current,
are more suitable to drive larger size lamps. As the inductor value decreases, the switching frequency of the
inductor (controlled by RSW) should be increased to avoid saturation.
220µH Murata (LQH32CN221) inductors with 8.4Ω series DC resistance is typically recommended. For
inductors with thesame inductance value but with lower series DC resistance, lower RSW value is needed to
prevent high current draw and inductor saturation.

Lamp As the EL lamp size increases, more current will be drawn from the battery to maintain high voltage across
the EL lamp. The input power, (VIN x IIN), will also increase. If the input power is greater than the power
dissipation of the package (300mW), an external resistor in series with one side of the lamp is recommended
to help reduce the package power dissipation.

5
 HV857

Split Supply Configuration Enable/Disable Configuration

The HV857 can also be used for handheld devices operating The HV857 can be easily enabled and disabled via a logic control
from a battery where a regulated voltage is available. This is signal on the RSW and REL resistors as shown in Figure 2 below.
shown in Figure 2. The regulated voltage can be used to run The control signal can be from a microprocessor. RSW and REL
the internal logic of the HV857. The amount of current neces- are typically very high values. Therefore, only 10’s of microam-
sary to run the internal logic is 150µA Max at a VDD of 3.0V. peres will be drawn from the logic signal when it is at a logic high
Therefore, the regulated voltage could easily provide the (enable) state. When the microprocessor signal is high the
current without being loaded down. device is enabled and when the signal is low, it is disabled.

Figure 2: Split Supply and Enable/Disable Configuration

ON=VDD Enable Signal

OFF=0

Regulated Voltage=VDD 1 VDD VA 8

EL Lamp
2 RSW-osc VB 7
+
Battery Voltage=VIN 3 REL-osc CS 6
_
4 Gnd LX 5

CIN LX
HV857MG
CS

07/24/03rev.10b

1235 Bordeaux Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94089

TEL: (408) 222-8888 • FAX: (408) 222-4895
©2001 Supertex Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use or reproduction prohibited.
6 www.supertex.com
 HV857 Application Note
HV857
Application Note
AN-H43

HV857 EL Lamp Driver Circuits for Low Audible Noise or

High Brightness Applications
by Roshanak Aflatouni, Applications Engineer

This Application Note describes the method (patented) to When constructing and testing one of the driver circuits listed
reduce the audible noise generated by an EL (Electrolumines- below, keep in mind that results may differ from those given due
cent) lamp used in mobile phone applications. to lamp characteristics and component tolerance.
This Application Note also provides example circuits as a guide- When making component changes for circuit optimization, al-
line for applications with different lamp sizes, input voltages, and ways remove supply voltages first. After making adjustments,
brightness requirements. bring up the supply voltage slowly starting from the minimum
required device input voltage while monitoring input current. A
For additional assistance in designing EL driver circuits, please
sharp rise in current usually indicates a saturated inductor. Use
refer to Application Notes AN-H33 (effect of external compo-
a higher current rated inductor, a higher value inductor, or
nents on performance of Supertex EL drivers), Lamp Driver
increase conversion frequency by lowering RSW-OSC value.
Circuits.

Figure 1: Typical Application Circuit

ON=VDD Enable Signal

OFF=0
Series R
VDD 1 VDD VA 8
EL Lamp
2 RSW-osc VB 7
+
VIN 3 REL-osc CS 6
SB01-15
1.0µF 4 Gnd LX 5

HV857MG LX
CS

Sanyo Diode SB01-15CP

07/24/03
Supertex Inc. does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications and will not knowingly sell its products for use in such applications unless it receives an adequate "products liability
indemnification insurance agreement." Supertex does not assume responsibility for use of devices described and limits its liability to the replacement of devices determined to be defective due to
workmanship. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications, refer to the
Supertex website: http://www.supertex.com. For complete liability information on all Supertex products, refer to the most current databook or to the Legal/Disclaimer page on the Supertex website.

7
 HV857 Application Note

Mobile Phone Circuit for Audible Noise Reduction:1

The following table provides EL lamp audible noise and brightness for circuits which were designed based on typical EL lamp sizes for
Mobile phone applications. See Figure 1, Table 3.

Table 1
Lamp Size + Audible Lamp Brightness Supply Voltage Lx Supply Lamp
Circuit
Series R Noise Current Frequency
ft-lm Cd/m2 VDD VIN
2
2.6in + 0K 35.1dBA 8.09 27.7 20.6mA
2
2.6in + 25K 32.0dBA 6.93 23.7 23.3mA
2
1 2.6in + 50K 29.2dBA 5.00 17.1 3.0V 3.0V 23.5mA 250Hz
2.6in2 + 75K 26.7dBA 3.83 13.1 22.6mA
2.6in2 + 100K 23.3dBA 2.80 9.56 21.3mA
2
1.7in + 0K 32.0dBA 6.90 23.59 13.4mA
2
1.7n + 25K 28.3dBA 6.35 21.73 15.5mA
2
1.7in + 50K 26.0dBA 5.72 19.55 16.6mA
2 3.0V 3.0V 250Hz
1.7in2 + 75K 24.4dBA 4.85 16.60 16.9mA
1.7in2 + 95K 22.9dBA 4.20 14.35 16.5mA
1.7in2 + 120K 21.0dBA 3.42 11.69 15.6mA

Note: 1. All values are nominal.

is diminished. By using the RC model to reduce the audible noise

How to Minimize EL Lamp generated by an EL lamp, the voltage across the lamp will
Audible Noise: increase as its capacitance diminishes. Hence the increase in
The EL lamp, when lit, generates an audible noise. This is due voltage will compensate for the reduction of the brightness. As a
to EL lamp construction which creates a major problem for result, it will extend an EL lamp’s half-life (half the original
applications where the EL lamp can be close to the ear such as brightness).
cellular phones. The noisiest waveform is a square wave and the
quietest waveform has been assumed to be a sine wave.
After extensive research, Supertex has developed a waveform
Effect of Series Resistor on EL
that is quieter than a sine wave. The waveform takes the shape Lamp Audible Noise and
of approximately 2RC time constants for rising and 2RC time
constants for falling, where the C is the capacitance of the lamp
Brightness:
and R is the external resistor used in series with one side of the Increasing the value of the series resistor with the lamp will
lamp. This waveform has been proven to generate less noise reduce the audible noise of an EL lamp as well as its brightness.
than a sine wave. This is due to the fact that the output voltage across the lamp will
be reduced and the output waveform will have rounder edges.
The audible noise from the EL lamp can be set at a desired level
based on the series resistor value used with the lamp. We have
chosen two commonly used lamp sizes for the mobile phones to
demonstrate the effect of series resistor on the audible noise
generated by the EL lamp. It is important to note that use of this
resistor will reduce the voltage across the lamp. Reduction of
voltage across the lamp will also has another effect on the overall
performance of the Supertex EL drivers, age compensation
(patented). This addresses a very important issue. EL lamp life
is an important design concern to mobile phone manufacturers.
As an EL lamp ages, its brightness is reduced and its capacitance

8
 HV857 Application Note

Circuit 1
Lamp Noise vs. Series R (2.6in2 EL Lamp)
40

Lamp Noise (dB)

35
30
25
20
15
10
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Ω)
Series R (KΩ

Brightness vs. Series R (2.6in2 EL Lamp)

30
Brightness (cd/m2)

25
20
15
10
5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Ω)
Series R (KΩ

Circuit 2
Lamp Noise vs. Series R (1.7in2 EL Lamp)
40
Lamp Noise (dB)

35
30
25
20
15
10
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Ω)
Series R (KΩ

Brightness vs. Series R (1.7in2 EL Lamp)

25
Brightness (cd/m2)

20
15
10
5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Ω)
Series R (KΩ

9
 HV857 Application Note

Typical HV857 Output waveform Before and After Noise Reduction:

The following are actual scope pictures, which show the differential output waveform across the lamp, audible noise, and lamp light output
for circuits 1 and 2.

Circuit 1

Series R=0Ω

100V/div Differential Output Waveform

across the lamp

50mV/div Audible Noise

200mV/div Light Output

1ms/div

Series R=65KΩ

100V/div Differential Output Waveform

across the lamp

50mV/div Audible Noise

200mV/div Light Output

1ms/div

10
 HV857 Application Note

Circuit 2

Series R=0Ω

100V/div
Differential Output Waveform
across the lamp

20mV/div
Audible Noise

200mV/div
Light Output
1ms/div

Series R=55KΩ

100V/div
Differential Output Waveform
across the lamp

20mV/div
Audible Noise

200mV/div Light Output

1ms/div

11
 HV857 Application Note

Audible Noise Measurement Setup:

The following setup was used to collect EL lamp audible noise data. An Oscilloscope/Spectrum analyzer was used to observe the
differential output waveform, audible noise level (in mV), and light output (in mV) of the EL lamp. The EL lamp is placed in the anechoic
chamber and a condenser microphone is placed 10mm away from the surface of the EL lamp.

Driver Measurement Test Setup

Oscilloscope/Spectrum
Analyzer

10:1 probes

Signal Conditioner
Soundproof Anechoic Chamber
A-weighting
Headphones
filter
EL Lamp Opto-acoustic
Probe NC

10mm
EL
Driver

Scaling

+ -
Low pass
DC Scaling
filter
NC
Supply
Pneumatic
Supports

Opto-acoustic probe is battery powered

to minimize electrical noise.
Drawing not to scale

12
 HV857 Application Note

Circuit Selector Guide for Non Audible Noise Sensitive Applications:1

(Handheld products, PDAs, GPS, 2-way pagers, MP3)
No series resistor is used for the following circuits (R=0Ω). Also see Figure 1 and Table 3.

Table 2
Lamp Lx
Lamp Supply Voltage Output Lamp
Circuit Brightness Supply
Size Voltage Frequency
Current
ft-lm Cd/m2 VDD VIN

3 1.3in2 9.38 32.10 3.3V 3.3V 12.9mA 180Vp-p 357Hz

4.44 15.2 3.2V 7.4mA 182Vp-p

4 1.7in2 3.0V 160Hz
4.48 15.31 4.2V 5.7mA 186Vp-p

12.0 41.6 3.2V 23.7mA 168Vp-p

5 1.7in2 3.0V 475Hz
13.2 45.3 4.2V 20.9mA 178Vp-p

6 0.93in2 7.74 26.51 3.0V 3.0V 8.3mA 175Vp-p 250Hz

7 3.1in2 7.84 26.87 5.0V 5.0V 17.9mA 184Vp-p 250Hz

8 4.0in2 7.50 25.7 3.0V 3.0V 25.8mA 160Vp-p 250Hz

9 5.2in2 4.77 16.34 3.3V 3.3V 21.2mA 168Vp-p 160Hz

Note: 1. All values are nominal. Lamp brightness and current draw can vary by type and manufacturer.

External components used for Circuits 1 to 9:

The following table provides the value for external components used in Figure 1. The manufacturer and part number for the inductor is
also provided. If other value inductors are used, the circuit will need to be reoptimized.

Table 3
Lx Inductor CS Capacitor
Circuit Manufacturer, RSW-OSC REL-OSC
Value Value Type
Part. No.
MuRata,
1 220µH 560K 2.0M 3.3nF NPO
LQH32CN221K21
MuRata
2 220µH 560K 2.0M 3.3nF NPO
LQH32CN221K21
MuRata,
3 220µH 560K 1.5M 3.3nF NPO
LQH32CN221K21

MuRata,
4 220µH 330K 3.3M 3.3nF NPO
LQH32CN221K21

MuRata,
5 220µH 560K 1.0M 3.3nF NPO
LQH32CN221K21

MuRata,
6 220µH 560K 2.0M 3.3nF NPO
LQH32CN221K21

MuRata,
7 220µH 560K 2.0M 3.3nF NPO
LQH32CN221K21

MuRata,
8 220µH 560K 2.0M 3.3nF NPO
LQH43MN221K01

MuRata,
9 220µH 560K 3.3M 3.3nF NPO
LQH43MN221K01

13
 HV857 Application Note

LX Inductor Selection: CS Capacitor Selection:

Different inductor values and/or from different manufacturers Different CS Capacitor types and value can be used in place of
can be used in place of what is shown. However, the circuit will what is shown in circuits 1 to 9. However, the use of a different
need to be reoptimized by changing the RSW-OSC value. Smaller CS Capacitor type will generate audible noise due to the piezo
RSW-OSC value needs to be used for inductors with lower series electric effect of materials used for their structure (such as X7R
resistance. Lower amount of current will be drawn when using and 5YU capacitors).
larger value inductors. But, for the same RSW-OSC value, a lower
A different value capacitor can be used. A larger value CS
amount of energy will be transferred due to the higher series
Capacitor (10nF) is recommended to be used for larger EL lamps
resistance of a larger value inductor. Hence, when larger value
and/or larger input voltage range. A smaller value CS Capacitor
inductors with higher series resistance are used, the RSW-OSC
can be used as long as the over all efficiency of the circuit is not
value needs to be increased. It is very important to make a note
decreased. When using a smaller value CS Capacitor, the circuit
of the saturation current of the inductor. If the saturation current
will need to be reoptimized by using a smaller RSW-OSC value.
of the inductor is lower than what the circuit/application requires,
the inductor and/or IC will be damaged.

07/24/03AppNote.rev.3b

1235 Bordeaux Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94089

TEL: (408) 222-8888 • FAX: (408) 222-4895
©2003 Supertex Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use or reproduction prohibited.
14 www.supertex.com