DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

CRESCENT BAHUMAN LIMITED INTERNSHIP REPORT

SESSION (2017-2021)

Supervised by:

Engr, Mansoor Ali Zaheer

Submitted by:

NAME: ROLL NO

Syed Zeeshan Haider BMTF17E061

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

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Acknowledgement

I am very thankful to BAHUMAN GROUP for give me the opportunity to undertake my final year training
at their prestigious CRECSENT BAHUMAN PRIVATE LIMITED. It was a very good learning experience for
me to have worked at this site.

I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to Mr. Khalid Previse General Manager. I would also like to
give my heart-felt thanks to Mr. Umar butt HR Manager, who heartily welcomed me for the internship,
Mr. Ali haider who guided and encouraged me all through the final training and imparted in-depth
knowledge of the program, Mr. Ahmad sher, QA/QC Head. I would like to thank all the department
heads of Crescent Bauman for giving their precious time and valuable guidance during my internship
program.

Last but not the least; I would like to thank all the staff of Crescent Bauman family, for being so helpful
during this summer training.

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Preface

Every student of bachelor of technology in mechanical engineering has an essential requirement to do

15 days of internship in any of the well reputed organization. The purpose of this program is to acquaint
the students with practical applications of theoretical concepts taught to them during conduct of their
course.

Really it was a nice opportunity to have a close comparison of theoretical concept in practical field. This
report may depict deficiencies on my part but still it is an output of a student’s efforts, for which I beg
pardon.

The output of my analysis I summarized in a shape of internship the contents of the report shows the
detail of sequence of these.

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Objective of my project

The objective of my study is to know the implementation of Mechanical Engineering in the Organization.
The major purpose of this project is is to know the difference between the bookish knowledge and
actually existing functionality of Mechanical Engineering in the organization.

The company that I selected for my project (Implementation of Mechanical Engineering in Organization)
is Crescent Bahumn Limited.

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Chapter #1

INTRODUCTION
Introduction of CBL:

Crescent Bahuman Limited" is a value driver company with the aspiration to establish itself as a well
renowned global denim brand founded in 1995, CBL is recognized as the First fully integrated Denim
plant in Pakistan.

The “Crescent Group” has ascertained an outstanding reputation in Pakistan business community of
over 60 years of experience in diversified business in the textile, sugar, banking, insurance, food,
agriculture and steel sectors.

Falling under the “Crescent Group’s” vast umbrella “Crescent Bahuman Limited” is a value drive
company with aspiration to establish itself as a well renowned global denim brand founded in 1995, CBL
is recognized as the first fully vertically integrated Denim company in Pakistan. The company has
pioneered the local denim industry by advocating & promoting concepts of tolerance and compliance to
its people, subsequently.

Crescent Bahuman has established strong corporate values of the betterment of nearly 8000 employees
and community while ensuring an environmental friendly manufacturing process. Firm’s core business
consists of exporting high quality fabric and jeans wear to the European, US, Australia and Asian pacific
regions. Through the use of high- tech equipment and modern techniques, the company is able to coop
up the latest trends without compromising on quality. This equips him to be the preferred choice of
world’s top denim brand.

CBL has his own power plant that gives the ability to control and maintain an uninterrupted power
supply. Emission analysis carried out annually to monitor the system. “CBL” is dedicated to invest in
both; the employee’s professional skills and personal development.

CBL offers to his employee’s a tailored mix of on and off-the-job training. Besides providing internal
training programs, employees are sent to the external training session arranged by different institutions.

The firm is the first textile company in Pakistan to implement six-sigma business philosophy and get his
employees trained as black belts in various functional areas.

Mission:

To be a role model of business world; to create opportunities in the economy and to optimize the value
of our stake holders

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Awards:

 GUTS / OE
 NEU
 WORLD BANK STANDARDS
 OEKO TEX
 CSR (national excellence awards 2010)
 NPER (excellence awards 2010)

I.3 Products:
II. Jeans pant
III. Jeans jacket

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CHAPTER#2

ORGANOGRAM OF CBL

(DEPARTMENTLIZATION)

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ORGANOGRAM OF CBL

(ZONE WISE)

ORGANOGRAM OF CBL
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(AUTHORITY DISTRIBUTION)

DEPARTMENTS OF CBL

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1. Human resources and strategy

2. Finance
3. Information technology
4. Engineering
5. Supply chain
6. Industrial engineering
7. Product development
8. Spinning
9. Weaving
10. Cutting
11. Sewing
12. GWP
13. Quality assurance
14. Storage

DEPARTMENTS AND THEIR ABBREVITION

GQ Garment quality
HR Human resource
BFL Bahuman forestry limited
IT Information technology
PG Power generation
SY Security
IE Industrial Engineering
SW Sewing
SV services
SCH School
WP Garment wet processing
HO head office
IR Industrial Relation
CV Civil
CT Cutting
WV weaving
QA Quality Assurance

Textile zone

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In textile there are three major departments which are listed below:

 Spinning
 Dyeing
 Weaving

Apparel Zone

 Cutting
 Sewing
 Garment Wet Processing

Sewing department:

After receive the garments components from cutting section, all the garments parts are joined and sewn
as sequentially. Obviously all the components are sewn respects on buyer requirement.

Sewing section is the most important department of a garment manufacturing industry. Sewing
machines of different types are arranged as a vertical line to assemble the garments. Sequence of types
of sewing machine arrangement depends on sequence of assembling operations.

There are nine lines which are working here in CBL including factory one and two. The main sections of
sewing are as follows:

1. Small part
2. Back section
3. Front section
4. Assembly 3
5. Assembly 4

Total parts of jeans stitched are as follows:

1. Front
2. Back
3. Pocket bag
4. Facing
5. Right Fly

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6. Left fly
7. Waist band
8. Loops
9. Back pocket
10. Yoke
11. Coin pocket/watch pocket

Each operation is performed separate operator. Initial quality check is done by the operator.

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Sewing maintenance department

Electrical department:

Mechanical department:

In Mechanical maintenance department we maintain different types of sewing machines. A lot of

machines used in sewing depart and daily base we face different mechanically issues of different
machines. Sewing maintenance depart repair and maintain the machines for perfect work and for
continuous the flow of production. Some basic machines discussed below.

Sewing machines:

Single needle machine

Single Needle Lock Stitch machine or SNLS in used to only for lock stitch that is the stitches of Class 300.
But it cannot produce all the stitches of this class. This machine is widely used in apparel industry. This is
the only machine by which an entire garment can be stitched. Actually this is done in small tailoring
shops. But in industry there are more stitching machine is used in parallel to make a garment perfect.

Main parts of single needle lock stich machine:

Feed Dog: It feeds the material.

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Pressure Foot: It holds the material

Needle Bar: It holds the needle

Needle Plate or Throat Plate: it is used to support the material and helps in the smooth movement of
material

Pressure Spring: This is used to increase or decrease the pressure on the material

Hand Lifter: It lifts the pressure foot by hand

Knee Lifter: It lifts the pressure foot by knee

Tension Post: It gives the tension to the needle thread

Needle Thread Take Up Spring: It gives tension to the needle thread along with the tension post

Stitch Length Dial: It adjust length of the stitches

Reverse Feed Control Lever: It form the stitches in the reverse direction

Hand Wheel: It helps to operate the machine manually

Hook Shuttle: It helps the interlacement process between needle thread and bobbin thread

Bobbin Case Holder: It holds the bobbin and its case together

Oil Sight Window: It helps in observing the presence of the adequate quantity of oil

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Oil Pump: It circulate the oil in the machine

Oil Pan: It keep the oil for sufficient lubrication

Thread Guide: It provide the passage for thread from needle package to needle.

Working regulation of Single needle lockstitch sewing machine:

The unmarried needle lockstitch sewing machine is getting crusade from the electrical motor which is
mounted inward sewing table. The master copy parts of the sewing machine are flywheel, eccentric or
cam, needle bar, bobbin holder, feed domestic dog together with presser foot.

The flywheel is driven yesteryear motor belt together with it drives the sewing machine master copy
shaft. Another cease of the master copy shaft is connected amongst eccentric or cam, which drives the
needle bar’s upwards together with downward movements for every revolution together with take-up
lever equally shown inward Figure-1.

The every rotation of the master copy shaft moves the needle a total bike of upwards together with
downward movements.

. The master copy shaft is farther connected amongst a bevel gear together with 2 connecting rods to
transfer the motion to the bottom of the machine. The bevel gear rod is used to transfer the motion to
the bottom center shaft, which is the master copy shaft for connecting the bobbin shuttle mechanism.
This connation helps the bobbin shuttle to move. The bevel gear machinery helps to transfer the motion
without whatsoever loose energy loss (shown inward Figure-2).

Every revolution of the master copy shaft is connected to the every revolution of shuttle claw to brand
and unit of measurement stitch.

The other 2 connecting rods from master copy shaft are used to connect amongst the feed dog, which
has a synchronized motion amongst needle together with bobbin shuttle mechanism.

The feed domestic dog has to perform 4 halt motions for every bike of stitch formation. The feed
domestic dog gets crusade from master copy shaft inward 2 ways, is rotation – to deliver the unit of
measurement length of the textile for sewing together with some other motion is the upwards together
with downward movements to a higher house the pharynx plate of the sewing machine.

In Figure-3, the rod 1 helps the feed domestic dog to displace upwards together with downward for the
selected distance based on the settings kept. The rod 2 is used to displace the feed domestic dog to
together with fro equally required.

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Whenever, the stitch regulator is adjusted, the feed domestic dog delivers the required amount of
textile needed yesteryear adjusting the feed bracket equally shown inward Figure-4. The revolution per
infinitesimal of the feed domestic dog is same equally the needle stroke.

All these motions piece of employment together from the unmarried motion of master copy shaft
together with assist the machine to shape the stitch.

Figure #1

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Figure #2

Figure #3

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Figure #4

Bar tack 430D machine:

Introduction:
Industrial bar tack machine is actually a lockstitch machine group. By this machine, a very high
density lockstitch is produced in very short length for increase the strength of that particular place.
These machines are used for sewing both woven and knitted garments. For light thickness fabrics,
needle size should be lower and heavy thickness fabric, height needle size should be used.

Different parts of bar tack machine:

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A=Cone Package F=Tensioner K=Guide

B=Thread G=Tensioner L=Guide
C=Guide H=Guide M=Needle
D=Guide I=Guide
E=Guide J=Thread take up lever

Function of different parts:

Cone: Helps for containing the supply of needle thread.

 Cone Holder: Supports the cone.
 Cone Stand: Helps to support the cone and holder.

 Stitch Density controller: It controls the no of stitch per inch. Before starting the machine, stitch

per inch is determined rotating the knob and fixing it at the desired position.

 Motor: Motor rpm controls the speed of the machine. The rpm is controlled by the tightening or

losing the belt over machine and motor pulley.

 Needle: Needle under goes accurate setting to ensure proper sewing. The needle is attached by

means of screw which needs to be tightened enough to produce easy sewing.

 Needle Bar: Needle bar holds the needle.

 Thread take up lever: It controls the movement of the yarn during sewing.

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 Presser foot: For using it, proper setting is important which ensured by proper attachment with

the motor through the machine pulley.

 Feed dog: It is often found that due to random working, the feed dog is subjected to be loose

which many cause accident also. Thus it should be set properly with screw.

 Guide and tensioner: Use to pass the thread properly without tensionless proper sewing.

Stitch Description:

Stitch class: 300, Group: lock stitch type. In this machine there is two source of thread one is needle
thread, another is bobbin thread. By interlacement of this two thread stitch is formed. Bobbin thread is
stored in a bobbin which is placed under the needle bed of the machine. The needle of this
machine moves a little front and back to form the stitch in a limited length of stitch in a heavy dense
stitch to increase the seam strength on that point.

Working principle of Bar Tack Sewing Machine:

At first, this machine produces tack stitches in a small length (1-2 cm) and then sews covering stitches
over and at right angles to the first stitches. The variables are the number of tacking stitches and the
number of covering stitches. Typical uses are closing the ends of buttonholes, reinforcing the ends of
pocket openings and the bottoms of flies and sewing on belt loops. The adjustment points of this
machine are needle, pressure feed, stitch length, stitch density.

Uses of Bar Tracking Machine in Apparel Sewing:

Bar Tracking Sewing Machine is used to secure pocket corners, belt loops, the open end of a  button hole
and zipper flies.

Bar Tracking Sewing Machine is also used for small decorative tracks and shapes.

VI.BE.MAC 2262HP Machine:

Developed in response to the requests of the customers, the 2262HP is a “sister” unit of the already
famous 2261HP. It is strong, fast and precise and guarantees the constancy of stitching length even on
the thickest parts! The 2262 HP is a reverse lap feed of the arm unit with three needle chain stitch
needles and is suitable for all the double waistband operations on jeans, casual and working pants,

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including shirts. This unit is particularly suitable for sewing back yoke and rise, inseams and out seams, in
addition to the top stitch operations. It does not have rivals on the market when working with the shirt
fabric.

Specifications:
-Max Sewing Speed: 4000 rpm
-Stitching Length: from 2 to 4,5 mm
-Standard Needle Gauge: 1/4" (6,4 mm)
-Optional Needle Gauge: 9/32" (7,2 mm) - 3/8" (9,6 mm) - 1/4" + 1/8" (MIX 9,6 mm)
-Sewing Machine Motor: XCG 754 20Y
-Power Requirement: 220V Monophasic 50/60
-Sewing Head: VI.BE.MAC. 3 needles chain stitch
-Control Box: XCG MFY 2007

Features:
-A special belt puller grants very fast feeding and perfect matching between the sewn parts. After the
sewing, the puller device guides the fabric to the chain cutter device and then to unloading. In terms of
productivity, 2262H works at 4000 rpm, thanks to its outstanding features: oil feeding lubrication, design
and construction quality, puller device and a special sensor for the dynamic pressure presser foot
control (DCP system). The above mentioned DCP system avoids all skipped stitches even on the thickest
seat parts, which is the most critical point for every feed of the arm machine existing in the market.
Other important features are a hovered chain cutter that guarantees a clean working environment and

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the one-leg adjustable stand that can be regulated to a preferred height.

-High constant quality: given the patented DCP system, the stitching length remains the same that
simplifies operator’s job (no need to push through the fabric in order to match the parts)
-High productivity: the unit’s speed (4000 rpm) is guaranteed by the special transportation system that
results the incompatible productivity on the market!
-Outstanding flexibility: the availability of various configurations and different needle gauges makes this
unit very flexible. The 2262 HP is equipped to stitch heavy fabrics and can be modified with an additional
kit for light fabrics.

Equipment:

The 2262 HP unit is equipped with:

1. Pulled device
2. Pressure foot cylinder
3. Pressure foot compensating cylinder
4. Pneumatic trimming device

SUPPLY TENSION

The supply tension is of 220 V single-phase 50/60 Hertz. The consumption is of 1000 watt.

AIR CONSUMPTION

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The air consumption is of around 0.4 liters every cycle with pressure than at least 6 bars. The air cooler
device use an air and its consumption is in base of the adjustment

NEEDLE TYPE

This unit works with needle type 149x3

DIMENSION AND WEIGHT

Width: 85cm

Length: 75cm

Height: 100cm

Weight: 80kg

Pegasus 3216 machine:

Specifications:

Stitch length adjustment Push-button

Differential feed ratio adjustment Lever with micro-adjustment

Lubrication Fully-automatic

Fabric Weight Medium- Heavy

Max. Machine speed (sti/min) 7,000

No. of needles 2

No. of threads 5

Needle space (mm) 3, 5

Overedge width4, 5, 6

Top feed dog Front-to-back movement (mm) 1-6

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Top feed dog Up-to-down movement (mm) 3.5

Seam:

2 needles 5 threads safety stich (plain seaming)

Labor-saving devices and optional devices

Flat type vacuum thread chain cutter

 The suction inlet is positioned flush with the needle plate and right behind the presser foot.
Thanks to this feature, wide, double chain stitch, extra heavy weight or woolen thread chains
are smoothly sucked up. A thread chain is cut as soon as it is sucked up by air suction. There is
no need to cut the thread chain using scissors. Therefore, these devices dramatically increase
operational efficiency.
 The suction inlet is positioned flush with the needle plate and right behind the presser foot.
Thanks to this feature, wide, double chain stitch, extra heavy weight or woolen thread chains
are smoothly sucked up.

Automatic tape cutter

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 These devices cut a tape and/or thread chain at the start and end of sewing. No scissors are
needed, resulting in greater operational efficiency.
 The cutter knife automatically descends to cut a tape and/or thread chain when the sensor
detects the edge of the fabric. Then the cut tape and/or thread chain is sucked up. Since the
length of tape or thread chain that remains after a cut can be adjusted by stitch counting as
desired, no skilled operator is needed.
 Two types of driving sources are available, pneumatic and electric.

Tape cutter

 These devices cut a tape and/or thread chain at the start and end of sewing. No scissors are
needed, resulting in greater operational efficiency.
 The cutter knife is lowered with the switch to cut the tape and/or thread chain. No scissors are
needed. Two types of switches are available, finger and knee switches.
 Two types of driving sources are available, pneumatic and electric.

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Presser foot lift

 Pressing the treadle with your heel raises the presser foot. This device is easy to use, thus
decreasing

Pneumatic presser foot pressure regulator

 Unlike the conventional control method for the presser foot pressure, this device is air-
controlled. Even if you set a light presser foot pressure, the machine keeps responding to the
fabric. Even if the fabric thickness and/or the fabric characteristics changes on cross seam
sections, or under similar sewing conditions, the presser foot pressure remains constant and as
light as possible, preventing fabric-related trouble, such as fabric damages. These features
contribute dramatically to stab.
 Converting the presser foot pressure into numerical form makes it possible to reproduce the
presser foot pressure appropriate to the fabric easily and immediately. Even if you use stretchy
fabrics, extra lightweight fabrics, or similar fabrics, a machine equipped with this device
responds to the fabric, drastically decreasing the time required to make adjustments, and

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increases production. Thus, this device is most suitable for small-lot production of a diverse
product mix.
Role of internee during internship:

“I learned how to adjust myself in the work environment how to deal people at work-from the boss to
the janitors. It’s good and quality experience; the necessary kind of experience as it helps you realize
what you want in future. Also got the opportunity to evaluate myself under these stressful conditions”

Conclusion:

It was a wonderful learning experience at CRESCENT BAHUMAN PRIVATE LIMITED for 6 months in Koch.
I gained a lot of insight regarding almost every aspect of plant. I was given exposure in almost all the
department at the plant. The friendly welcome from all the employees is appreciating, sharing their
experience and giving their peace of wisdom which they have gained in long journey of work. I am very
much thankful for the wonderful facility from CBL. I hope this experience will surely help me in my
future and also in shaping my career.

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I am pretty sure that this facility has ability to achieve its goals as stand in vision statement by following
their quality statement.

“We are committed to comply with customer requirements and quality management system
requirements and shall strive to continually improve the effectiveness of our quality management
system to exceed customer expectations”

References:

https://www.slideshare.net/qamberkhichi/mis-of-cbl#:~:text=Crescent%20Bahuman
%20Limited%22%20is%20a,integrated%20Denim%20plant%20in%20Pakistan.

https://www.google.com/search?
q=introduction+of+crescent+bahuman&sxsrf=ALeKk02LlTf3VSwcMFs9EwBxmpM1lujRkg:1627
845742031&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiKnc_

https://ordnur.com/sewing/features-of-single-needle-lock-stitch-machine/

https://www.manualslib.com/manual/794927/Brother-Ke-430d.html?page=2#manual

https://www.vibemac.com/media/1338470101.pdf

https://www.pegasus.co.jp/en/machine/detail/series/s103/EXT3216-03_233

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