BS EN 60801-2 Electromagnetic Compatibility
BS EN 60801-2 Electromagnetic Compatibility
BS EN 60801-2 Electromagnetic Compatibility
60801-2:1993
IEC 801-2:
1991
Electromagnetic
compatibility for
industrial-process
measurement and
control equipment —
Part 2: Electrostatic discharge
requirements
UDC 621.3.011-5
BS EN 60801-2:1993
Cooperating organizations
Austria Italy
Belgium Luxembourg
Denmark Netherlands
Finland Norway
France Portugal
Germany Spain
Greece Sweden
Iceland Switzerland
Ireland United Kingdom
Contents
Page
Cooperating organizations Inside front cover
National foreword ii
Foreword 2
Text of EN 60801-2 3
National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover
National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back cover
© BSI 02-1999 i
BS EN 60801-2:1993
National foreword
This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the
Industrial-process Measurement and Control Standards Policy Committee and is
the English language version of EN 60801-2:1993 Electromagnetic compatibility
for industrial-process measurement and control equipment — Part 2: Electrostatic
discharge requirements, published by the European Committee for
Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with
IEC 801-2:1991 published by the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
This Standard supersedes BS 6667-2:1985, which is withdrawn.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 26, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.
ii © BSI 02-1999
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60801-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 1993
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
Descriptors: Industrial-process measurement and control, electromagnetic compatibility, electrostatic interference, test protocol
with respect to electrostatic interference, severity levels with respect to electrostatic interference
English version
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels
Foreword Page
8.3 Application of the static electricity
The CENELEC questionnaire procedure, performed discharges 7
for finding out whether or not the International
9 Evaluation of the test results 8
Standard IEC 801-2:1991 could be accepted without
textual changes, has shown that no common Annex A (informative) — Explanatory notes 16
modifications were necessary for the acceptance as Annex B (normative) — Constructional details 19
European Standard. Annex ZA (normative) Other international
The reference document was submitted to the publications quoted in this standard
CENELEC members for formal vote and was with the references of the relevant European
approved by CENELEC as EN 60801-2 publications 25
on 9 December 1992. Figure 1 — Simplified diagram of the ESD
The following dates were fixed: generator 9
— latest date of publication of Figure 2 — Typical arrangement for
an identical national verification of the ESD generator
standard (dop)1993-12-01 performance 10
— latest date of withdrawal of Figure 3 — Typical waveform of the
conflicting national output current of the ESD generator 11
standards (dow)1993-12-01 Figure 4 — Discharge electrodes of
For products which have complied with the ESD generator 12
HD 481.2 S1:1987 before 1993-12-01, as shown by Figure 5 — Example of test set-up for
the manufacturer or by a certification body, this table-top equipment, laboratory tests 13
previous standard may continue to apply for Figure 6 — Example of test set-up for
production until 1998-12-01. floor-standing equipment, laboratory tests 14
Annexes designated “normative” are part of the Figure 7 — Example of test set-up for
body of the standard. Annexes designated equipment, post-installation tests 15
“informative” are given only for information. In this Figure A.1 — Maximum values of
standard, Annex A is informative and Annex B and electrostatic voltages to which operators
Annex ZA are normative. may be charged while in contact with
the materials mentioned in
Contents clause A.2 18
Page Figure B.1 — Construction details
of the resistive load 20
Foreword 2
Figure B.2 — Material and finish: silver-plated
1 Scope and object 3
copper or silver-plated brass 21
2 Normative reference 3
Figure B.3 — Material and finish: silver-plated
3 General 3 copper or silver-plated brass 22
4 Definitions/Terminology 3 Figure B.4 — Material and finish: silver-plated
5 Severity levels 4 copper or silver-plated brass 1 mm thick 23
6 Test generator (ESD) 4 Figure B.5 — Material and finish: silver-plated
6.1 Characteristics and performance copper or silver-plated brass 1 m thick 23
of the ESD generator 5 Figure B.6 — Material and finish: silver-plated
6.2 Verification of the characteristics copper or silver-plated brass 24
of the ESD generator 5 Figure B.7 — Material and finish: silver-plated
7 Test set-up 5 copper or silver-plated 24
7.1 Test set-up for tests performed in Table 1.a — Severity levels 4
laboratories 6 Table 1.b — Severity levels 4
7.2 Test set-up for post-installation tests 7 Table 2 — Waveform parameters 6
8 Test procedure 7
8.1 Laboratory reference conditions 7
8.2 EUT exercising 7
2 © BSI 02-1999
EN 60801-2:1993
1 Scope and object The tests described in this Part 2 are considered to
be a first step in the direction of commonly used
This part 2 of the International Standard defines
tests for the qualitative evaluation of the
the immunity requirements and test methods for
performance of all electronic equipment as referred
equipment which must withstand electrostatic
to in clause 1.
discharges, from operators directly, and to adjacent
NOTE From the technical point of view the precise term for this
objects. Several severity levels are defined which phenomenon would be “static electricity discharge”. However, the
relate to different environmental and installation term “electrostatic discharge” (ESD) is widely used in the
conditions. technical world and in technical literature. Therefore, it has been
decided to retain the term ESD in the title of this Part 2.
These requirements are primarily developed for,
and are applicable to, industrial-process 4 Definitions/Terminology
measurement and control instrumentation.
For the purposes of this International Standard, the
Most aspects of the standard, such as simulation
following definitions apply.
parameters and test set-ups, may apply to other
equipment, yet other aspects such as severity levels 4.1
and performance criteria may not apply to other degradation (of performance)
equipment. an undesired departure in the operational
This document is intended to be identified as a basic performance of any device, equipment or system
EMC publication, in accordance with from its intended performance [IEV 161-01-19]
IEC Guide 107. NOTE The term “degradation” can apply to temporary or
permanent failure.
The object of this Part 2 is to establish a common
reference for evaluating the performance of 4.2
industrial-process measurement and control electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
instrumentation when subjected to electrostatic the ability of an equipment or system to function
discharges. In addition, it includes electrostatic satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment
discharges which may occur from personnel to without introducing intolerable electromagnetic
objects near vital instrumentation. disturbances to anything in that environment
[IEV 161-01-07]
2 Normative reference
4.3
The following standard contains provisions which, antistatic material
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
ESD-protective material having a surface resistivity
of this International Standard. At the time of
greater than 105 but not greater than 1011 ohms per
publication, the edition indicated was valid. All
square
standards are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard 4.4
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of energy storage capacitor
applying the most recent edition of the standard the capacitor of the ESD-generator representing the
indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain capacity of a human body charged to the test voltage
registers of currently valid International Standards. value. This may be provided as a discrete
IEC 50(161):1990, International Electrotechnical component, or a distributed capacitance
Vocabulary — Chapter 161: Electromagnetic 4.5
compatibility. ESD
3 General refers to static electricity discharge
4.6
This part relates to equipment, systems,
EUT
sub-systems and peripherals which may be involved
in static electricity discharges owing to equipment under test
environmental and installation conditions, such as 4.7
low relative humidity, use of low conductivity ground reference plane (GRP)
(artificial fibre) carpets, vinyl garments, etc. which
a flat conductive surface whose potential is used as
may exist in all locations classified in standards
a common reference [IEV 161-04-36]
relevant to industrial process measuring and
control instrumentation (for more detailed
information, see clause A.1 of Annex A).
© BSI 02-1999 3
EN 60801-2:1993
4.10 1 2
static electricity discharge; ESD 2 4
a transfer of electrostatic charge between bodies of 3 6
different electrostatic potential, in proximity or 4 8
through direct contact [IEV 161-01-22]
xa Special
4.11 a
“x” is an open level. The level is subject to negotiations and
immunity (to a disturbance) has to be specified in the dedicated equipment specification. If
the ability of a device, equipment or system to higher voltages than those shown are specified, special test
equipment may be needed.
perform without degradation in the presence of an
electromagnetic disturbance [IEV 161-01-20] Table 1.b — Severity levels
4.12 Level Test voltage Air discharge
contact discharge method
kV
a method of testing, in which the electrode of the
test generator is held in contact with the EUT, and 1 2
the discharge actuated by the discharge switch 2 4
within the generator 3 8
4.13 4 15
air discharge method
xa Special
a method of testing, in which the charged electrode a “x”
of the test generator is approached to the EUT, and is an open level. The level is subject to negotiations and
has to be specified in the dedicated equipment specification. If
the discharge actuated by a spark to the EUT higher voltages than those shown are specified, special test
4.14 equipment may be needed.
direct application
application of the test directly to the EUT
6 Test generator (ESD)
4.15 The test generator consists, in its main parts, of:
indirect application — charging resistor Rch;
application of the test to a coupling plane in the — energy-storage capacitor Cs;
vicinity of the EUT, and simulation of personnel — distributed capacitance Cd;
discharge to objects which are adjacent to the EUT — discharge resistor Rd;
5 Severity levels — voltage indicator;
— discharge switch;
The severity levels shown in Table 1 are
recommended for the ESD test. All lower levels — interchangeable tips of the discharge electrode
must be satisfied. (see Figure 4);
Details concerning the various parameters which — discharge return cable;
may influence the voltage level to which the human — power supply unit.
body may be charged are given in clause A.2 of
Annex A. Annex A.4 also contains examples of the
application of the severity levels related to
environmental (installation) classes.
4 © BSI 02-1999
EN 60801-2:1993
A simplified diagram of the ESD generator is given 6.2 Verification of the characteristics of the
in Figure 1. Constructional details are not given. ESD generator
The generator shall meet the requirements of 6.1 In order to compare the test results obtained from
and 6.2. different test generators, the characteristics shown
6.1 Characteristics and performance of the in Table 2 shall be verified using the discharge
ESD generator return cable to be used in the testing.
— energy storage capacitance The waveform of the output current of the ESD
(Cs + Cd): 150 pF ± 10 %; generator for the verification procedure shall
— discharge resistance (Rd): 330 7 ± 10 %; conform to Figure 3.
— charging resistance (Rch): between 50 M7 The values of the parameters of the discharge
and 100 M7; current shall be verified with 1 000 MHz bandwidth
measuring instrumentation. A lower bandwidth
— output voltage (see note 1): implies limitations in the measurement of rise time
up to 8 kV (nominal) for contact discharge; and amplitude of the first current peak.
up to 15 kV (nominal) for air discharge;
For verification, the tip of the discharge electrode
— tolerance of the output voltage shall be contacted directly to the current-sensing
indication: ± 5 %; transducer, and the generator operated in the
— polarity of the output voltage: positive and contact discharge mode.
negative; The constructional arrangement of the
— holding time: at least 5 s; current-sensing transducer for verifying the ESD
— discharge, mode of operation generator characteristics is given in Figure 2.
(see note 2): single discharge (time between Further details of a possible form of the
successive discharges at least 1 s); current-sensing transducer are given in Annex B.
— waveshape of the discharge current: see 6.2. Other arrangements that imply the use of a
NOTE 1 Open circuit voltage measured at the energy laboratory Faraday cage having dimensions
storage capacitor. different from those in Figure 2 are allowed;
NOTE 2 The generator should be able to generate at a separation of the Faraday cage from the target
repetition rate of at least 20 discharges per second for plane is also allowed, but in both cases the distance
exploratory purposes only.
between the sensor and the grounding terminal
The generator shall be provided with means of point of the ESD generator shall be respected (1 m),
preventing unintended radiated or conducted as well as the layout of the discharge return cable.
emissions, of either pulse or continuous type, so as
not to disturb the EUT or auxiliary test equipment The ESD generator shall be recalibrated at defined
by parasitic effects. time periods in accordance with a recognized quality
assurance system.
The energy storage capacitor, the discharge resistor,
and the discharge switch shall be placed as close as 7 Test set-up
possible to the discharge electrode. The dimensions
of the discharge tips are given in Figure 4. For the The test set-up consists of the test generator, EUT
air discharge test method the same generator is and auxiliary instrumentation necessary to perform
used and the discharge switch has to be closed. The direct and indirect application of discharges to the
tip of the generator has to be the round IEC tip. EUT as applicable, in the following manner:
The discharge return cable of the test generator a) contact discharge to the conductive surfaces
shall be in general 2 m long, and constructed to and to coupling planes;
allow the generator to meet the waveform b) air discharge at insulating surfaces.
specification. It shall be sufficiently insulated to Two different types of tests can be distinguished:
prevent the flow of the discharge current to
— type (conformance) tests performed in
personnel or conducting surfaces other than via its
laboratories;
termination, during the ESD test.
In cases where a 2 m length of the discharge return — post installation tests performed on equipment
cable is insufficient (e.g. for tall EUTs), a length not in its final installed conditions.
exceeding 3 m may be used, but compliance with the
waveform specification shall be verified.
© BSI 02-1999 5
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The test shall be performed with single discharges. 8.3.2.1 Horizontal coupling plane under the EUT
On preselected points at least ten single discharges At least 10 single discharges (in the most sensitive
(in the most sensitive polarity) shall be applied. polarity) shall be applied to the horizontal coupling
For the time interval between successive single plane, at points on each side of the EUT (Figure 5).
discharges an initial value of 1 s is recommended. The ESD generator shall be positioned vertically at
Longer intervals may be necessary to determine a distance of 0,1 m from the EUT, with the
whether a system failure has occurred. discharge electrode touching the coupling plane.
NOTE The points to which the discharges should be applied 8.3.2.2 Vertical coupling plane
may be selected by means of an exploration carried out at a
repetition rate of 20 discharges per second, or more. At least 10 single discharges (in the most sensitive
The ESD generator shall be held perpendicular to polarity) shall be applied to the centre of one vertical
the surface to which the discharge is applied. This edge of the coupling plane (Figure 5 and Figure 6).
improves repeatability of the test results. The coupling plane, of dimensions 0,5 m × 0,5 m, is
The discharge return cable of the generator shall be placed parallel to, and positioned at a distance
kept at a distance of at least 0,2 m from the EUT of 0,1 m from the EUT. Discharges shall be applied
whilst the discharge is being applied. to the coupling plane, with this plane in sufficient
different positions that the four faces of the EUT are
In the case of contact discharges, the tip of the completely illuminated.
discharge electrode shall touch the EUT before the
discharge switch is operated. 9 Evaluation of the test results
In the case of painted surfaces covering a conducting
substrate, the following procedure shall be adopted: The variety and diversity of equipment and systems
to be tested make the task of establishing general
If the coating is not declared to be an insulating criteria for the evaluation of the effects of static
coating by the equipment manufacturer, then the discharges on equipment and systems difficult.
pointed tip of the generator shall penetrate the
The test results may be classified on the basis of the
coating so as to make contact with the conducting
operating conditions and the functional
substrate. Coating declared as insulating by the
manufacturer shall only be submitted to the air specifications of the equipment under test,
discharge. The contact discharge test shall not be according to the following performance criteria:
applied to such surfaces. 1) normal performance within the specification
limits;
In the case of air discharges, the round discharge tip
of the discharge electrode shall be approached as 2) temporary degradation or loss of function or
fast as possible (without causing mechanical performance which is self-recoverable;
damage) to touch the EUT. After each discharge, the 3) temporary degradation or loss of function or
ESD generator (discharge electrode) shall be performance which requires operator
removed from the EUT. The generator is then intervention or system reset;
retriggered for a new single discharge. This 4) degradation or loss of function which is not
procedure shall be repeated until the discharges are recoverable, due to damage of equipment
completed. In the case of an air discharge test, the (components) or software, or loss of data.
discharge switch, which is used for contact
discharge, shall be closed. In the case of acceptance tests, the test program and
the interpretation of the test results are subject to
8.3.2 Indirect application of the discharge agreement between manufacturer and user.
Discharges to objects placed or installed near the The test documentation shall include the test
EUT shall be simulated by applying the discharges conditions and the test results.
of the ESD generator to a coupling plane, in the
contact discharge mode.
In addition to the test procedure described in 8.3.1
the requirements of 8.3.2.1 and 8.3.2.2 shall be met.
8 © BSI 02-1999
EN 60801-2:1993
NOTE Cd, qui ne figure pas sur le schéma, est une capacité répartie qui existe entre le générateur et l’EST, le plan de terre de
référence (GRP) et les plans de couplage. I1 n’est pas possible de représenter la capacité dans le circuit puisqu’elle est répartie sur
l’ensemble du générateur.
NOTE Cd, omitted in the figure, is a distributed capacitance which exists between the generator and the EUT, GRP, and coupling
planes. Because the capacitance is distributed over the whole of the generator, it is not possible to show this in the circuit.
Figure 1 — Simplified diagram of the ESD generator
© BSI 02-1999 9
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10 © BSI 02-1999
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© BSI 02-1999 11
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NOTE Le commutateur de décharge (par exemple relais à vide) doit être monté aussi près que possible de la tête de
l’électrode de décharge.
NOTE The discharge switch (e.g. vacuum relay) shall be mounted as close as possible to the tip of the discharge electrode.
Figure 4 — Discharge electrodes of the ESD generator
12 © BSI 02-1999
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Figure A.1 — Maximum values of electrostatic voltages to which operators may be charged
while in contact with the materials mentioned in clause A.2
18 © BSI 02-1999
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© BSI 02-1999 21
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22 © BSI 02-1999
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Figure B.4 — Material and finish: silver-plated copper or silver-plated brass 1 mm thick
Figure B.5 — Material and finish: silver-plated copper or silver-plated brass 1 mm thick
© BSI 02-1999 23
EN 60801-2:1993
24 © BSI 02-1999
EN 60801-2:1993
Annex ZA (normative)
Other international publications quoted in this standard with the references of
the relevant European publications
When the international publication has been modified by CENELEC common modifications, indicated by
(mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
IEC publication Date Title EN/HD Date
50 (161) 1990 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) — —
Chapter 161: Electromagnetic compatibility
© BSI 02-1999 25
26 blank
BS EN 60801-2:1993
The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and
panels:
© BSI 02-1999
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