Kine Assignment by Arsh Naz

NAME: Arsh Naz
SUBJECT: Kinesiology
DEDICATED TO: Sir Tariq
TOPIC: Posture
DEPARTMENT: DPT
DATE: May 29th , 21
POSTURE
Posture is defined as the attitude managed by the body
either with support during the course of muscular
activity, or as a result of the coordinated action
performed by a group of muscles working to maintain
the stability. It describes the position of the body and
arrangements of the body parts relative to one another.
Posture is the position in which you hold your body

upright against gravity while standing, sitting or lying
down. The best posture is the neutral posture where the
spine, pelvis and hips all line up vertically.
Active Posture
Active posture is when you are controlling your muscles
actively to achieve a certain position. Over time the
body can 'learn' the posture and it can be assumed very
easily without much thought. To maintain active
postures, combined action of muscles is required.
There are two main types of active posture
 Static posture
 Dynamic posture
Any posture that is held for a long time is called static

posture. A static posture may result in fatigue and even
injury over time. In static posture, body segments are
aligned and maintained in fixed positions. Maintaining it
for a long time could be a result of musculoskeletal
problems.
Examples: kneeling, sitting, standing, sleeping

Dynamic postures are those postures in which body and
its segments are in motion. These postures form an
efficient base for movement. It’s essentially a snap shot
of the body during a movement. In dynamic posture,
patterns of posture is constantly changed.
Examples: walking, running, jumping, throwing.
The Postural Mechanism

The postural mechanism maintains a specific body
orientation and equilibrium during standing and
locomotion in the presence of many undermining
external and internal factors. Our central nervous
system (CNS) regulates sensory information from other
systems in order to produce sufficient motor output to
maintain a controlled, upright posture. The
visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems are the
main sensory systems involved in postural control.
Proper postural control is when an individual is able to
engage in various static and dynamic activities, such as
sitting, standing, kneeling, quadruped, crawling, walking,
and running with the ability to contract the appropriate
muscles required for a controlled midline posture. If
even one of the above mentioned systems is not
working, it can affect postural control. However, when
one system is affected the other two can compensate. If
more than one system is affected in combination with
CNS involvement, postural control will be more greatly
affected. The visual, vestibular and somatosensory are
our three balance systems which are closely linked to
control posture.
The Pattern Of Posture

Pattern of posture, both dynamic and static are
gradually build up by combination of the many refluxes
which together make up the postural reflux. Pattern of
posture includes good posture and bad posture.
A good posture is a posture when a purpose of posture

is fully maintained with minimum effort and maximum
efficiency. It gives perfect balance of one body segment
over another. It varies from individual to individual. It
requires minimum muscular effect.
A good posture prevents

back pain. It maintains proper muscle and proper usage.
It encourages confidence and good morale.
A bad posture is when our spine is positioned in

unnatural positions, this results in the joints, muscles and
vertebrae being in stressful positions. As a result body
functions are altered and this may lead to disease and
dysfunction. It decrease respiratory and circulatory
efficiency. It causes lower back pains, shoulder pains,
neck pains and frequent headaches. It could damage
intervertebral disc, cause muscle fatigue, high blood
blood pressure and breathing problems
Principles Of Re – Education
Principles of re-education is based on the principle of
correct alignment, biomechanics and neuromuscular
coordination. Re-education also includes some
techniques such as voluntary relaxation of specific group
of muscles
And make patients do general exercises to keep them

maintain. With the help of free movements, and
harmonious muscular movements, muscular weakness
may be controlled. General relaxations, treatment of
pain, increasing mobility and muscular power are some
techniques to re-educate. This actually a treatment that
involves reproducing various everyday positions such as
lying, standing, leaning forward, sitting etc. Postural re-
education is not just for postural problems but also for
musculoskeletal conditions.
Techniques Of Re-education
The ability to relax is an important factor in re-education.
For examples, prone lying, crook lying, general
relaxations. Good atmosphere should be maintained.
Make patient feel that addition of good posture is worth.
Giving patients individual instructions and techniques.
Avoiding patients using bad postures, bad posture can
contract or relax the effected muscle
which is not supposed to. Keeping knees slightly bent,

bearing weight on the balls of your feet, letting your
arms hang naturally down the sides of the body,
standing straight with your shoulders pulled down and
backward, switching sitting positions, avoiding crossing
legs or ankles, avoiding twisting at the waist, turning the
whole body instead are some techniques of re-education
of postural maintenance.

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NAME: Arsh Naz

Posture is the position in which you hold your body

There are two main types of active posture

Any posture that is held for a long time is called static

Examples: kneeling, sitting, standing, sleeping

Examples: walking, running, jumping, throwing.

The Postural Mechanism

The Pattern Of Posture

A good posture is a posture when a purpose of posture

A good posture prevents

A bad posture is when our spine is positioned in

And make patients do general exercises to keep them

which is not supposed to. Keeping knees slightly bent,

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