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    Hydraulics & Pneumatics Chapter 1: Hydraulics (Hydraulic Pump)

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    gkhn
    This document provides an overview of hydraulics and different types of hydraulic pumps. It discusses hydrodynamic pumps, positive displacement pumps including gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps. It also covers ideal pump analysis assuming no leakage or friction, as well as real pump analysis accounting for volumetric and mechanical efficiencies. The key factors that determine pump efficiencies are also summarized.

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    Hydraulics & Pneumatics Chapter 1: Hydraulics (Hydraulic Pump)

    Uploaded by

    gkhn
    41 views21 pages
    This document provides an overview of hydraulics and different types of hydraulic pumps. It discusses hydrodynamic pumps, positive displacement pumps including gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps. It also covers ideal pump analysis assuming no leakage or friction, as well as real pump analysis accounting for volumetric and mechanical efficiencies. The key factors that determine pump efficiencies are also summarized.

    Original Description:

    Efficient Tool for Deep Understanding of Hydrolic Pumps

    Original Title

    Hydraulic Pump

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    This document provides an overview of hydraulics and different types of hydraulic pumps. It discusses hydrodynamic pumps, positive displacement pumps including gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps. It also covers ideal pump analysis assuming no leakage or friction, as well as real pump analysis accounting for volumetric and mechanical efficiencies. The key factors that determine pump efficiencies are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views21 pages

    Hydraulics & Pneumatics Chapter 1: Hydraulics (Hydraulic Pump)

    Uploaded by

    gkhn
    This document provides an overview of hydraulics and different types of hydraulic pumps. It discusses hydrodynamic pumps, positive displacement pumps including gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps. It also covers ideal pump analysis assuming no leakage or friction, as well as real pump analysis accounting for volumetric and mechanical efficiencies. The key factors that determine pump efficiencies are also summarized.

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    Hydraulics & Pneumatics

    Chapter 1: Hydraulics
    (Hydraulic Pump)
    by
    Dr. Mohd Fadzil Faisae
    Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
    [email protected]
    Lesson Outcome

    • By the end of this lesson, student should


    be able to explain type of hydraulic pump,
    ideal and real pump analysis, pump
    characteristics and efficiency (mechanical,
    volumetric and total)
    Content

    • Hydrodynamics pump
    • Gear pump
    • Vane pump
    • Piston pump
    • Ideal pump analysis
    • Real pump analysis
    Types of Pump
    Hydraulic Pump

    Hydrodynamic Positive displacement


    pump pump

    Centrifugal Axial Gear Vane Piston


    pump pump pump pump pump
    Hydrodynamic pump

    • Used in situation that required for high


    volume and low pressure flow applications.
    • This type of pump incapable to withstand
    high pressure fluids.
    • Normally the maximum pressure capacity is
    limited to 250-300 psi.
    • Normally used to transport the fluids from
    one point to different points.
    • E.g. – Centrifugal pump
    –Axial pump
    Centrifugal and Axial Pump

    Faisae
    Positive Displacement Pump

    • Expel a fixed fluid volume to the system for


    each of revolution.
    • Capable of overcoming the pressure from
    mechanical loads and friction.
    • Advantages:
    – Can be used for high pressure application up to
    12000 psi.
    – Compact and small size
    – The volumetric efficiency is high
    – Flexible pressure and speed, depend on the
    requirements.
    Gear pump

    Source: Wikimedia

    Wikimedia
    Commons
    Gear pump
    Gear pump always produce fixed
    volume displacement. For this
    pump, the volumetric
    displacement can be calculated
    by:

     Di
    2 2
    VD D o L
    4

    Do: outside diameter,


    Di: inside diameter and Source: Wikimedia
    L: width of the gear teeth
    Wikimedia
    Commons
    Vane pump

    1. Housing
    2. Vane blade attached to
    spring
    3. Cam

    Source: Wikimedia
    Xavier Lory
    Ideal Pump Analysis

    • Assuming an ideal pump, without internal


    leakage, friction and also pressure losses.
    The pump flow rate can be calculated as
    follow:
    • the input mechanical power is equal to the
    increase in the fluid power

    Power, N
    =
    Real Pump Analysis

    • The effect of leakage is expressed by the


    volumetric efficiency, ηv, defined as follows

    – Q - actual pump flow rate


    – Qt - theoretical flow rate
    • ηv indicates amount of leakage that takes
    place in the pump
    Real Pump Analysis

    • Mechanical efficiency (ηm): Energy losses


    because of other factors than leakage.

    ηm = pQt/ωTA ω = 2πN / 60

    where p : pump output pressure [Pa]


    Qt: pump theoretical flowrate [m3/s]
    TA : actual torque [Nm]
    ω : radial pump speed [rad/s]
    Pump Efficiency (Mechanical)
    • Or
    ηm = TT/TA

    where
    TT [Nm] = (V [m3] × P [Pa])/2π
    TA = (actual power delivered to pump [W])/
    (2πN/60 [rpm])
    • ηm ≤ 1.0, therefore TT ≤ TA
    • YES!!! Theoretical torque is smaller than
    actual torque.
    • Why?
    – Theoretical torque is based from calculation.
    Did not consider the resistance force
    – Actual torque = Theoretical torque +
    Resistance force during rotation
    Total/overall efficiency

    Total efficiency = volumetric efficiency x


    mechanical efficiency
    ηtot = ηvol × ηm
    Nout=PoutQ
    Pout
    T

    Nmotor = Nin
    =2πnT/60 Pin

    QT: Fixed based on calculation


    QA: Fixed based on actual
    Torque

    • Pump torque is calculated as force (F) time the


    distance from the force to the pivoted point (d).
    T=F x d
    • Pump torque can also be calculated as the
    relation of pressure and pump delivery.
    P p Q p V
    T   
    2 N 2 N 2
    Lesson Summary

    • In this lesson, we have learned about the


    type of hydraulic pump, ideal and real
    pump analysis, pump characteristics and
    efficiency
    References

    • Parr, A. (2002). Hydraulics and Pneumatic:


    A Technician’s and Engineer Guide. 2ed.
    Butterworth Heinemann.

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