The Complete Armorerx27s Handbook v17

t b o kjdpcoto
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- BL@MHJJA -
U O L V J @ & L X D J X
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tbo kjdpcoto
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B O lv y l X � [
Mnskjrm9 mnskjrm.ee/iy�EuRs ]wnttor9 FMDbolvylrds Aj-Gn9 aj-﬌.kjd/bolvylrds
M_@EOJ@[ & MXLEJ@[, M&M, Unzlrms Unzlrms jg tbo Kjlst, Gjrejtto` Xolcds, Xlvo`cjgt, Ohorrj`, tbo mrlej` ldporsl`m, Xlv`nkl l`m lcc jtbor Unzlrms jg tbo Kjlst prjmukt `ldos, l`m tbonr rospoktnvo
cjejs lro trlmodlras jg Unzlrms jg tbo Kjlst n` tbo _[L l`m jtbor kju`trnos.
]bns wjra kj`tln`s dltornlc tblt ns kjpyrnebt Unzlrms jg tbo Kjlst l`m/jr jtbor lutbjrs. [ukb dltornlc ns usom wntb pordnssnj` u`mor tbo Kjddu`nty Kj`to`t Leroodo`t
Leroodo`t gjr Muèoj` Dlstors Euncm.
Lcc jtbor jrnen`lc dltornlc n` tbns wjra ns kjpyrnebt �� hy tbo lutbjr l`m puhcnsbom u`mor tbo Kjddu`nty Kj`to`t Leroodo`t gjr Muèoj` Dlstors
Dlstors Euncm.
Kromnts Kj`to`ts
Mosne`9 bolvylrds
Urntnè l`m Mosne`9 bolvylrds N`trjmuktnj` .................
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_snè ]bns [uppcodo`t .....................
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Dokbl`nklc Omntnè9 @ndlmodo
Omntnè9 @ndlmodo
Kb. <9 Lrds � Lrdjr ..................
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Omntnè9 hclkadleo, Mrlej`hjr`Mjue
[tyco Omntnè9 hclkadleo, _perlmnè Oqunpdo`t ..................
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Clyjut9 bolvylrds
Clyjut9 bolvylrds Lrdjr l`m [bn ocms ........ ......... ......... .......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ...2
Uolpj`s ........ ......... ......... ......... ......... .......... ......... ......... ......... ......... <6
Mosne`9 ]odpclto
Erlpbnk Mosne`9 ]odpclto mosne` l`m lmmntnj`lc voktjr ndleos hy Lmmntnj`lc Jptnj`s ......... ......... ......... .......... ......... ......... ......... ......... <8
@ltbl`lác Xjux (hlralcjtmosne`s.kjd), djmn﬌om l`m puhcnsbom hy
bolvylrds Kb. 89 Xuò Dlenk ..................
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Xuòstjòs ................
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]blàs9 Mj`\unxjtoN`klr`lto l`m @nrMnò gjr tbonr
[poknlc ]blàs9 Mj`\unxjtoN`klr`lto Xuòsdntbnè
Xuòsdntbn` e ..................
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n`vlculhco goomhlka Xuòsdntb„„s Euncm ................
Xuòsdntb .................................
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.... <5
Lmmntnj`lc Jptnj`s ......... ......... ......... .......... ......... ......... ......... ......... <2
Nccustrltnj`9 Ovo` Ldu`mso`
Kjvor Nccustrltnj`9 Ovo`
Xuòstjòs L‛Y.................
L‛Y..................................
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Nccustrltnj`9 Mol` [po`kor, Ovo` Ldu`mso`, Mldnl`
N`tornjr Nccustrltnj`9 Mol`
Lppo`mnkos ..................
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............. 88
Lumn`j, Lcoxl`mor Vjausly
Vjausly,, Dltt Gjrsytb, ]jdlsz
]jdlsz Kbnstjwsan,
Lpp. L9 Uolpj` _perlmo L`lcy sns ............... ......... ......... ......... ... 8;
[lduoc Ald, L``lmoc Kn`kj
Lpp. H9 Uolpj` _perlmo \unka Xogoro`ko ............... ......... ...... 8=
Lcc lrtwjra usom wntb pordnssnj` jr u`mor cnko`so. Lcc rnebts Lpp. K9 Xuòsdn tbnè Vrjhlhn cnty ]lhcos ................ ......... ........ 87
rosorvom. Lpp. M9 GL\ ........ ......... ......... ......... .......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ... 85
J@ ]BO KJWOX
Ovo` Ldu`mso` saotkbos tbo mwlrvo` hclkasdntb ]bjrclv
Hrlw`l`vnc wjranè tnrocosscy lt tbo gjreo”modj`strltnè tblt
prlktnko rolccy mjos dlao porgokt.
Mnskclndor9 Ubnco oxpcjrnè gjrejtto` krypts gucc jg vldpnros, ebjsts, l`m worowjcvos gjr slkagucs jg
dlenk ntods ns jgto` rowlrmnè, jur grno`m ]brjclv lnds tj prjvo tblt l blrm mly„s erlgt lt tbo gjreo
kl` ho ovo` djro sj. ]bo lutbjr lkkopts `j rospj`snhncnty ng”proso`tom wntb tbns suppcodo`t”yjur
erjup jg lmvo`turors moknmo tj ho`m tbonr oﬆjrts tjwlrm djro bjòst pursunts.
pursunts.
X�� <.5 / G�� 8686
Gjrowjrm
Borjos hoen` cngo ls l hclà kl`vls wntb l gow hrjlm strjaos, l`m tbrjueb rjcopcly”ejnè j` lmvo`turos, ﬌ebtnè opnk
dj`stors, l`m spolanè tbrjueb tbod”djro strjaos lro lmmom, l`m l pnkturo hoen`s tj odoreo. @jt ovorytbnè wo mrold
up wncc dlao tbo kut, l`m sjdotndos tbns ns muo tj l cndntltnj` jg tbo eldo. Dlenk ntods tl`tlcnzo us wntb oxtrljrmn`lry
lhncntnos tblt ru` wncm n` jur bolm kl``j`, hut wolvnè tbod n`tj jur stjry ns l` lkt clreocy hoyj`m jur kj`trjc. Uo hokjdo
lwlro jg tbo klroguc hlcl`knè lkt hotwoo` dokbl`nklc lpprjprnltoòss l`m wnsb guc﬌ccdo`t, l`m tbo mn﬋kuctnos glknè tbo
Muèoj` Dlstor n` trynè tj envo us wblt wo wl`t wntbjut envnè tjj dukb (l`m jgto` glncnè spoktlkuclrcy). N` tbo o`m, wo
sottco. Uo lkkopt tblt tbo MD bls o`jueb j` tbonr pclto wntbjut grottnè tjj dukb jvor tbo glkt jur ﬌ro-hroltbnè tlhlxn
hlrhlrnl` kl`„t ﬈y yot.
Ng tbns suppcodo`t sjcvom tboso prjhcods nt wjucm ho kjjc, hut nt mjos dukb djro tbl` tblt”wbnkb dlaos nt erolt. L
rnmnkucjus ldju`t jg ltto`tnj` bls hoo` envo` tj ovory motlnc n` tbo gjccjwnè pleos9 nt kj`stl`tcy hjdhlrms yju wntb erolt
nmols l`m ovo` hottor oxokutnj`, l`m bjòstcy, nt cjjas ldlznè wbnco mjnè sj.
]boro lro l bu`mrom rolsj`s tj rolm tbns mjkudo`t, hut N„d `jt ejnè tj tocc yju tblt yju sbjucm iust hokluso nts
lwosjdo (nt ns) hut hokluso N eoùnòcy tbnà `j dlttor tbo styco jg yjur eldo, tbo coètb jg yjur sossnj`s, jr yjur covoc jg
oxporno`ko, tboro„s sjdotbnè n` boro gjr yju.
Djst ndpjrtl`tcy, yju sbjucm rolm nt hokluso tblt enl`t antty sbjucm ﬈y, l`m nts krndn`lc tblt nt kl`„t lcrolmy mj sj.
”Dlrtä` Mlvnkj
Dlstor Cjkasdntb
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� �� , � �� Kblptor 8 oxpl`ms j` tbo ru`nk
tbo ru`nk uperlmo
uperlmo proso`tom n`
grjd yjur gltbor hogjro o`tornè tbo ﬌rst kblptor, lktnè ls tbo hrnmeo tj ndhunè du`mlò
n`tj tbo Anè„s sorvnko. ]bo hjw oqunpdo`t wntb dlenklc oﬆokts. Xuòstjòs, krlgtom grjd
yju klrrnom j` yjur ﬌rst bu`t. ]bo eodstjòs, kl` ho l﬋xom tj ru`nk oqunpdo`t l`m lkt ls
lxo tblt molct tbo anccnè hcjw l kj`munt gjr tbo pjworguc dlenks kj`tlnòm wntbn`, hut N
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tj tbo golrsjdo hueholr Aclre. kbl`òcnè sukb dlenks roqunrosm lttuòdo`t hy tbo ]
X
]j l`yjò ocso, tboso ntods lro wnocmor.. ]bns kblptor lcsj n`trj mukos l kjdpcoto rucoso t
wnocmor J
M
u`rodlralhco9 tboy blrhjur `j o`lhcnè kblrlktors tj krolto tbonr jw` ruòstjòs usnè l _
K
pjworguc dlenk, `jr lro tboy hrl`m òw sot jg lrtnsl`„
lrtnsl`„ss tjjcs. ]
N
ko`trlc tj l`y erolt prjpboky, jr spjao` jg hy stjrytoccors J
n` tlvor`s l`m lrju`m kldp﬌ros. Bjwovor, tj yju, tboy Ublt tbo
tbo [uppcodo`t
[uppcodo`t Vrjvnmos
Vrjvnmos @
bjcm l spoknlc sne`n﬌kl`ko, l`m lro lcrolmy plrt jg yjur ]bns suppcodo`t prjvnmos l kjdpcoto grldowjra gjr
stjry”l stjry ls yot u`tjcm. puttnè yjur borjos n` kblreo jg tbonr oqunpdo`t socoktnj`
]bo ﬌rst n` l sornos jg krlgtnè l`m tjjcant oxpl`snj`s gjr l`m prjerossnj`, jﬆornè kjdpoccnè `lrrltnvo jppjrtu`n-
tbo ﬌gtb omntnj` jg M�� & M��, tbo Kjdpcoto tnos, l`m n`trjmuknè l dukb-òomom strukturom ejcm-snà
Lrdjror„s Bl`mhjja prjvnmos
prjvnmos l wolctb jg òw jptnj`s gjr n`tj ﬌gtb omntnj` wntbjut rovortnè tj dlenk ntod sbjps jr
djmngynè, uperlmnè, l`m dln`tln`nè oqunpdo`t. Djro- lmvorsocy lﬆoktnè eldo hlcl`ko. N` suddlry, tbns suppco-
jvor, nt prjvnmos spokn﬌k l`m n`torlktnvo rjcos gjr vlrnjus do`t ns l kjdpcoto pcue l`m pcly grldowjra tblt hrnès
@VK krlgtsporsj`s tj bocp hroltbo cngo n`tj yjur eldos. tbo gjccjwnè hoò﬌ts tj yjur eldos9
]bo wjrcms jg M&M lro gucc jg pojpco n` òom jg lssnstl`ko
grjd l` erjup jg kjurleojus lmvo`turors”nt kl`„t burt tj • N`krolsom pclyor leo`ky l`m
l`m gjrosnebt jvor oqunpdo`t
n`trjmuko l gow wbjso bocp ns òomom n` tur`! prjerossnj`”dlao oqunpdo`t prjerossnj` ls gu` ls
covoccnè up!
_snè ]bns [uppcodo`t • @lrrltnvo n`vostdo`t n` oqunpdo`t hy jﬆornè l`
lctor`ltnvo tj ropclkodo`t ls l` uperlmo pltb.
Urntto` gjr hjtb pclyors l`m Muèoj` Dlstors, t bns
suppcodo`t prjvnmos ovorytbnè yju òom tj n`trjmuko • L gu` l`m n`torlktnvo djòy snà wntb
wntb tlènhco hoò﬌ts
kustjdnzlhco lrds l`m lrdjr n`tj yjur eldo. ]bo rucos l`m strukturom prjerossnj`.
gjr uperlmnè oqunpdo`t proso`tom boron` huncm j` tbo • Xomukos tbo moknsnj`-dlanè jvorbolm j` tbo Muèoj`
kjro rucos gju`m n` kblptor ? jg tbo Vclyor„s
tbo Vclyor„s Bl`mhjja . N` Dlstor.
lmmntnj`, wboro rogoro`ko ns dlmo tj l` lpprjprnlto lrtn-
sl` jr usnè l` lpprjprnlto s ot jg lrtnsl`„
lrt nsl`„ss tjjcs, tbo "]jjc
"]jjc Ndplkt j` Hlcl`ko
Vrj﬌kno`knos" soktnj` n` kblptor 8 jg Rl`ltblr„s
jg Rl`ltblr„s Eunmo tj
]bo dltornlc kj`tlnòm boron` bls hoo` movocjpom l`m
Ovorytbnè sbjucm
Ovorytbnè sbjucm gu`ktnj` ls yjur eunmo.
tostom jvor l pornjm jg twj yolrs gjr hlcl`ko, kj`snsto`ky,
Kblptor < kjvors tbo prndlry rucosot gjr tbo `j`dlenklc
l`m lmboro`ko tj tbo mosne` oxpoktltnj`s jg j﬋knlc sjurko
ndprjvodo`t jg lrds l`m lrdjr,
lrdjr, ls wocc ls n`trjmuknè
dltornlc (tbo ruòsdntbnè soktnj` ns rocltnvocy òw, hut
òw typos jg lddu`ntnj` gjr rlèom wolpj`s. Nt lcsj
bls hoo` l rjlrnè sukkoss sn`ko nts n`koptnj`!) Ubnco tbo
n`kcumos jptnj`lc rucos gjr oqunpdo`t wolr l`m roplnr
dlijrnty jg jptnj`s lro olsncy lssossom wntbjut erolt òom
l`m proso`ts l vlrnoty jg spoknlc dltornlcs nkj`nk tj tbo
tj stjp l`m kj`snmor, u`plkanè tbo wolpj` uperlmo
M�� & M�� ductnvorso tblt lro olsncy n`to-
jptnj`s ns l djro modl`mnè tlsa. Ls sukb, l` l`lcysns jg
erltom n`tj tbo hlso systod lt yjur jptnj`.
tboso uperlmos ns proso`tom n` lppo`mnx L. N` suddlry,
sklcnè tbrjueb tbo wolpj` uperlmo jptnj`s kcjsocy
lpprjxndltos tbo sueeostom vlcuos gjr dlenk ntods n` tbo
Muèoj` Dlstor„s Eunmo ls
Eunmo ls gjccjws9
U�� _�� K��

Eunmo Vrnko Oqunvlco`t Vjwor
]nor Xlrnty (MDE) _perlmo Kjst
+� _`kjddj` ��‛�� ep ��‛�,�� ep*
+� Xlro ��‛�,�� ep �,��‛�,�� ep
+� Wory rlro �,��‛��,�� ep ��,��‛��,�� ep
* prnko vlrnos mopo`mnè j` roqunrodo`t jg tbo lhncnty tj jvorkjdo

rosnstl`ko l`m nddu`nty tj `j`dlenklc lttlkas l`m mldleo.
^�� E��, ^�� X��

]boro lro l cjt jg jptnj`s proso`tom n` tbns suppcodo`t, olkb
klplhco jg honè n`trjmukom tj yjur eldo n` l`y kjdhn`ltnj`
jr stl`mlcjò. _snè lcc jptnj`s”jr –lcc systods ej—”ns bjw
N ru` eldos lt dy tlhco. Bjwovor,
Bjwovor, tboro ns `j jò-snzo-﬌ts-lcc.
Ng yju mj`„t cnao l` jptnj`, mrjp nt! Ng sjdotbnè ns`„t qunto
rnebt gjr yjur eldo, kblèo nt! N o`kjurleo yju tj lpprjlkb
tbns suppcodo`t ls l tjjchjx, grjd wbnkb yju kl` tlao
wbltovor wjras gjr yju.
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�� , �� ! _perlmnè l`m Dlenk Ntods
[j ejos tbo slynè jg tbo mwlrvos
jg Dntbrlc Blcc. Uncc yju bjò Muo tj tbonr oxtrljrmn`lry lrtnsl`sbnp l`m dlenklc
yjur hclmo tj l rlzjr„s omeo, jr ron`gjrkodo`t, dlenk ntods kl`„t ho djmn﬌om usnè `jrdlc
n`krolso tbo pju`mleo jg yjur lrtnsl`lc dotbjms. Ls sukb, tbo uperlmos proso`tom n` tbns
hjw wntb l` jncom strnè: Vorblps kblptor kl`„t ho lppcnom tj dlenk ntods.
yjur bluhora wjucm hoò﬌t grjd Gurtbordjro, `jò jg tbo uperlmos proso`tom n` tbns
l cn`nè jg yotn gur gjr l` upkjdnè suppcodo`t kj`gor –dlenk ntod— stltus tj l pnoko jg
ijuròy n`tj tbo dju`tln`s, jr oqunpdo`t, tbjueb kortln` uperlmos dly rosuct n` l pnoko
bjw lhjut n`toerltnè l kcovor kcndhnè blròss n`tj yjur jg oqunpdo`t honè kj`snmorom dlenklc u`mor kortln`
coltbor lrdjr gjr sjdo clto-`nebt –wn`mjw sbjppnè—: knrkudstl`kos.
Xudjr lcsj bls nt tboro„
tboro„ss l òw hroom jg lrtnsl` lhco
ndhuo yjur oqunpdo`t wntb dlenk.
]bns kblptor motlncs tbo jptnj`s lvlnclhco tj l kblrlktor
sooanè tj ndprjvo tbonr oqunpdo`t hy blvnè nt uperlmom
hy l sanccom lrtnsl`. Lcsj proso`tom lro jptnj`lc oxpl`snj`-
lry rucos gjr òw typos jg spoknlc lddu`ntnj`, rlro l`m
spoknlc dltornlc, l`m oqunpdo`t wolr l`m roplnr.
_perlmnè Oqunpdo`t
Ubo` yju krolto yjur kblrlktor, yju rokonvo oqunpdo`t
hlsom j` l kjdhn`ltnj` jg yjur kclss l`m hlkaerju`m. ^ju L
X
moknmo bjw yju kblrlktor kldo hy tbns stlrtnè oqunpdo`t. D
[
L swjrm dnebt ho l gldncy bonrcjjd, plssom grjd g ltbor tj &
ocmost kbncm gjr eoòrltnj`s”hut wblt blppo`s wbo` yju L
X
﬌`m sjdotbnè hottor n` iust l gow sbjrt sossnj`s: D
J
_`gjrtu`ltocy tbo kjro rucos mj`„t jﬆor l`y jptnj`s gjr X
tbo sklcnè jg ntods lcjèsnmo tbo pclyor kblrlktor”l`m sj
tblt swjrm ns nòvntlhcy mnsklrmom, klst lwly l`m gjrejtto`.
]bo prjhcod ns twjgjcm9 Gnrst, nt prokcumos tbo n`toerltnj`
jg yjur oqunpdo`t n`tj yjur stjry”ontbor ls plrt jg l
hlkastjry, jr l` ntod hokjdnè n`toerlc plrt jg l kblrlktor
tbrjueb pcly (jr n`moom, hjtb). [okj`m, rospj`snhncnty gjr
oqunpdo`t prjerossnj` ns yot l`jtbor rospj`shncnty j` tbo
sbjucmors jg tbo Muèoj` Dlstor.
]bns suppcodo`t lnds tj lmmross tboso nssuos hy
prjvnmnè l pclyor-mrnvo` systod tblt soldcosscy jvorclys
tbo kjro rucos wntbjut l`y ileeom omeos jr orrltl. Lcc
tblt„s roqunrom jg tbo Muèoj` Dlstor ns tj krolto òw
l`m n`torostnè @VKs tblt yjur kblrlktors wncc kjdo tj
a`jw l`m cjvo.
Cot„s eot stlrtom.
]bo Hlsnks
]bo prjkoss jg uperlmnè l pnoko jg oqunpdo`t lcwlys bls
l ùdhor jg hlsnk roqunrodo`ts roelrmcoss jg nts typo. ]bo
gjccjwnè eoòrlc rucos lppcy wbo` uperlmnè oqunpdo`t
usnè tbns suppcodo`t9
• _perlmos tlao tbo gjrd jg tles. ]les lmm òw
prjportnos tj oqunpdo`t.
• Olkb tle ns u`nquo l`m kl` j`cy ho lppcnom tj
l pnoko jg oqunpdo`t j`ko.
• _perlmnè l pnoko jg oqunpdo`t wntb l òw
tle kl` j`cy ho porgjrdom hy l momnkltom
@VK krlgtsporsj` jg tbo lpprjprnlto mnsknpcnò n` l
wjrasbjp o`vnrj`do`t.
• _perlmnè l pnoko jg oqunpdo`t wntb l òw tle ns l
sanccom o`molvjur,
o`molvjur, tlanè l`ywboro grjd l` bjur tj
@
O
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djro tbl` l wooa mopo`mnè j` tbo tlsa.
M
@
_ • J` yjur lmvo`turos, yju dly
dly kjdo lkrjss oqunpdo`t
D
L lcrolmy pjssossnè tles1 ontbor gjr slco, jﬆorom ls
@
O
W
O
rowlrms, jr lvlnclhco tbrjueb jtbor dol`s.
5
Lrdjr l`m [bnocms
[bnocms _perlmnè Lrdjr
]bns soktnj` ns n`to`mom tj kjdpcndo`t l`m oxpl`m ]boro lro l ùdhor jg jptnj`s lvlnclhco tj l kblrlktor tj
j` tbo "Lrdjr
"Lrdjr l`m [bnocms" soktnj` n` kblptor ? jg tbo uperlmo tbonr lrdjr, grjd bneb-kjst lrdjr prjj﬌è, tj
Vclyor„s Bl`mhjja . usoguc lmmntnj`s cnao n`sucltnj` suntlhco gjr kjcm woltbor
o`vnrj`do`ts. L kjdpcoto cnst jg tboso jptnj`s, ls wocc ls
Lrdjr Xovnsnj`s
Xovnsnj`s kjst l`m l`y lmmntnj`lc roqunrodo`ts, lro sbjw` n` tbo
Lrdjr _perlmos tlhco j` tbo gj ccjwnè pleo. N` lmmntnj`
]bo Xovnsom Lrdjr tlhco ns n`to`mom tj ropclko tbo Lrdjr
tj tbo hlsnk rucos gjr uperlmnè, tbo gjccjwnè rucos lppcy
tlhco gju`m n` tbo Vclyor„s
tbo Vclyor„s Bl`mhjja . Vrovnjus `ldos lro
wbo` uperlmnè l sunt jg lrdjr j r l sbnocm wntb l òw tle9
rogoro`kom n` hrlkaots gjr tbo purpjsos jg kclss oqunp-
do`t socoktnj`. • L`y proroqunsnto kj`mntnj`s dust ho sltns﬌om tj lppcy l
òw tle, ls sbjw` n` tbo Lrdjr _perlmos tlhco.
Lrdjr Moskrnptnj`s • ]ypnklccy, nt tlaos l` lrtnsl` l gucc mly jg wjra (dn`ndud
]bo gjccjwnè òw typos jg lrdjr blvo hoo` lmmom tj tbo 2 bjurs) tj uperlmo l sunt jg lrdjr jr l sbnocm wntb l
Xovnsom Lrdjr tlhco9 òw tle.
Hrnel`mnò.. Hrnel`mnò ns l sturmy kjlt jg clyorom cnò`
Hrnel`mnò
jr coltbor cnòm wntb sdlcc stooc pcltos rnvotom tj tbo glhrnk. • Lrdjr Vrjj﬌è. ]bo prjj﬌è prjkoss `jrdlccy
Kunrlss. L
Kunrlss. L typo jg lrdjr gj rdom jg l snèco jr ductnpco roqunros l gucc wjrawooa (? mlys) l`m kl` j`cy ho u`mor-
pnokos jg dotlc tblt kjvor tbo tjrsj. L kunrlss eoòrlccy tlao` hy l dlstor lrtnsl`. J`ko lmmom, lrdjr prjj﬌è
rogors tj hjtb l kbost pclto l`m hlka pnoko tjeotbor. tles kl`„t ho rodjvom grjd l sunt jg lrdjr.
Eldhosj`. L
Eldhosj`. L eldhosj` ns l plmmom mogo`snvo ilkaot,
ontbor wjr` soplrltocy jr ls l` u`morcly gjr bolvnor typos
Lrdjr Vrjjgnè
X
jg lrdjr. Nt kl` lcsj mjuhco ls l wn`tor kjlt. ]bo prndlry dotbjm jg uperlmnè lrdjr, prjj﬌è ns tbo
J
D Bluhora. L
Bluhora. L bluhora ns l sbnrt jg dlnc tblt ro lkbos lt prjkoss jg tostnè l`m ndprjvnè l sunt jg lrdjr„s lhncnty tj
X wntbstl`m hcjws jg vlrnjus typos hocjw l kortln` t brosb-
L colst tj dnm-tbneb l`m n`kcumos scoovos.
& Cldocclr. ]bns ns l typo jg hjmy lrdjr dlmo grjd sdlcc jcm, honè kortn﬌om ls prjjg leln`st swjrms, lrrjws, l`m
[
D roktlèuclr pcltos (sklcos jr cldocclo) jg nrj`, coltbor, jr wlrblddors. Ubnco lcc typos jg lrdjr k l` ho prjjgom
X leln`st sclsbnè mldleo, j`cy domnud l`m bolvy lrdjrs
L hrj`zo clkom n`tj bjrnzj`tlc rjws.
kl` ho prjjgom leln`st pnorknè mldleo, l`m j`cy bolvy
Lrdjr Vrjportnos lrdjr kl` ho prjjgom leln`st hcumeoj`nè lttlkas.
]bo "Vrjportnos" kjcud` n` tbo Xovnsom Lrdjr tlhco
ropclkos tbo provnjus "[tolctb" kjcud`, wntb tbo gjccjw-
Jtbor _perlmos
nè mo﬌`ntnj`s9 N` lmmntnj` tj prjj﬌è, vlrnjus jtbor uperlmos lro
Mnslmvl`tleo
Mnslmvl `tleo ([tolctb).
([tol ctb). ^
^ju
ju blvo mnslmvl`tleo j` lvlnclhco tj lrdjrs dootnè tbo proroqunsntos gjr olkb, ls
Moxtornty ([tolctb) kbokas wbnco wolrnè tbns lrdjr. sbjw` n` tbo Lrdjr _perlmos tlhco. Kortln` uperlmos lro
[poknlc (]jwor [bnocm). ^
[bnocm). ^ju
ju kl`„t dlao jppjrtu`nty n`kjdpltnhco, sukb ls tbo hroltblhco
hroltblhco l`m
l`m n`sucltom
n`sucltom tles,
tles,
lttlkas wbnco bjcmnè tbns sbnocm. wbnco jtbors blvo spokn﬌k roqunro do`ts (gjr oxldpco, tbo
X�� L��
Lrdjr Kjst Lrdjr Kclss (LK) [troètb Uonebt Vrjportnos
Cnebt Lrdjr
Eldhosj`* (coltbor) �� ep �� + Mox djmn﬌or � � ch.
Coltbor ioran` (stummom coltbor) �� ep �� + Mox djmn﬌or � �� ch.
Domnud Lrdjr
Dlnc sbnrt (kbln` sbnrt) �� ep �� + Mox djmn﬌or (dlx �) � �� ch.
Cldocclr (sklco dlnc) �� ep �� + Mox djmn﬌or (dlx �) � �� ch. Mnslmvl`tleo ([tolctb)
Bluhora (hrolstpclto) �� ep �� + Mox djmn﬌or (dlx �) � �� ch.
Hrnel`mnò (blcg pclto) �� ep �� + Mox djmn﬌or (dlx �) � �� ch. Mnslmvl`tleo ([tolctb)
Bolvy Lrdjr
Kunrlss (kbln` dlnc) �� ep �� [tr �� ch. Mnslmvl`tleo ([tolctb)
Blcg pclto† (spcn`t) �� ep �� [tr �� ch. Mnslmvl`tleo ([tolctb)
Vclto† �� ep �� [tr �� ch. Mnslmvl`tleo ([tolctb)
[bnocms
Hukacor �� ep +� � � ch .
Boltor sbnocm �� ep +� [tr �� ch .
]jwor sbnocm �� ep +� [tr �� ch. [poknlc
* Lcc domnud l`m bolvy lrdjrs roqunro l eldhosj` u`morcly. Ng yju lcrolmy pjssoss l eldhosj` yju kl` suhtrlkt �� ep grjd tbo kjst wbo`
purkblsnè l sunt jg domnud jr bolvy lrdjr
lrdjr..
† Bolvy lrdjr kl` ho uperlmom tj tbo òxt tnor up gjr tbo mnﬆoro`ko n` kjst. Gjr oxldpco, l hclkasdntb kl` uperlmo l kunrlss tj l sunt jg blcg
pclto gjr l kjst jg �� ep.
2
ru`nk tle kl` j`cy ho lppcnom hy l ruòsdntb.) Kortln`
ru`nk tle
typos jg lrdjr uperlmo tles dly ho rodjvlhco jr todpj-
rlry. Gjr
Gjr oxldpco, yju dly ho lhco tj rodjvo tbo
tbo du﬍om
du﬍om
tle hy oxtrlktnè tbo plmmnè sow` n`tj tbo ijn`ts. Ubo` n`
mjuht, kj`suct wntb yjur MD.
W��9 L�� V��

^jur MD dnebt lccjw yju t j ropclko tbo prjportnos jg lrdjr
prjj﬌è wntb l hjùs tj Lrdjr Kclss. N` tbns klso, olkb tnor jg
prjj﬌è prjvnmos l kuducltnvo +� hjùs tj LK, l`m tbo kjst
jg olkb ns trnpcom.
L�� _��
]le Kjst Vroroqunsnto Vrjportnos
Lrdj
Lrdjrr prj
prjj﬌
j﬌è
è99 �st
�st tn
tnor
or �,��
�,�� ep Cneb
Cnebt,
t, do
domn
mnud
ud,, jr
jr bol
bolvy
vy lr
lrdj
djrr Ubncoo wo
Ubnc wolr
lrn`
nè
e tb
tbns
ns lr
lrdj
djrr, ng yj
yju
u wj
wjuc
ucm
m tla
tlaoo � jr co
coss
ss
`j`dlenklc sclsbnè mldleo hogjro rosnstl`ko ns lppcnom,
yju tlao `jò jg tblt mldleo n`stolm.
Lrd
Lrdjr pr
prjj﬌è
è99 �`
�`m tn
tnor �,�� ep
ep Domnud jr jr bo
bolvy lr
lrdjr wn
wntb tb
tbo Ubnco wolrnè tbns lrdjr, ng yju wjucm tlao � jr coss
�st tnor lrdjr prjj﬌è tle
tle `j`dlenklc sclsbnè jr pnorknè mldleo hogjro rosnstl`ko
L
ns lppcnom, yju tlao `jò jg tblt mldleo n`stolm. X
D
Lrdjr pr
prjj﬌è9 �r
�rm tntnor �,�� ep Bolvy lr
lrdjr wn
wntb tbo �`m tnor Ubnco wolrnè tbns lrdjr, ng yju wjucm tlao � jr coss `j`- [
lrdjr prjj﬌è tle
tle dlenklc sclsbnè, pnorknè, jr h cumeoj`nè mldleo hogjro &
L
rosnstl`ko ns lppcnom, yju tlao `jò jg tblt mldleo n`stolm. X
D
Hroltblhco �� ep Cnebt jr domnud lrdjr. N`kjd- Ubnco wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju blvo lmvl`tleo j` slvnè J
X
pltnhco wntb n`sucltom tle.
tle. tbrjws yju dlao leln`st oxblustnj` oﬆokts muo tj oxtrodo
bolt, ls moskrnhom n` kblptor � jg tbo Muèoj` Dlstor„s
Eunmo.
Hur`nsbom �� ep Bolvy lrdjr ]bns lrdjr bls hoo` pjcnsbom tj l dnrrjr ﬌`nsb. Ubnco
wolrnè nt, yju dly blvo lmvl`tleo j` Kblrnsdl-hlsom
sancc kbokas wbo` n`torlktnè wntb kortln` budl`jnms, ls
motordnòm hy tbo MD. ]bns tle ns lutjdltnklccy rodjvom
lgtor �� bjurs jg wolr jr lt tbo o`m jg l kjdhlt.
Kcndhnè blròss �� ep Cnebt, domnud, jr bolvy lrdjr ]bns lrdjr bls hoo` djmn﬌om wntb l kcndhnè blròss
lrju`m tbo dnmrnﬆ, kjdprnsnè coltbor strlps l`m qunka-
mrlws. Ubnco wolrnè nt, yju dlao [troètb (Ltbcotnks)
kbokas tj sklco vortnklc surglkos wntb lmvl`tleo wbo`
usnè l rjpo jr sndnclr lnm.
Mokjrltom � ep Domnud jr bolvy lrdjr l`m ]bns lrdjr jr sbnocm ns lmjròm wntb l bjcy sydhjc l`m kl`
sbnocms ho usom ls l spoccklstnè gjkus gjr kcornk l`m plclmn` spoccs
N`sucltom �� ep N`kjdpltnhco wntb hroltblhco
hroltblhco tle
tle ]bns lrdjr kju`ts ls kjcm
kjcm woltbor
woltbor eolr n` kj`mntn
kj`mntnj`s
j`s jg
jg
oxtrodo kjcm, ls moskrnhom n` kblptor � jg tbo Muèoj`
Dlstor„s Eunmo.
Cjkanè ijn`ts �� ep Blcg pclto jr pclto lrdjr ]bns lrdjr ns dlmo wntb bnèom ijn`ts tblt kl` ho cjkaom
hy l qunka djtnj` grjd t bo wolror.
wolror. Ubnco wolrnè nt, yju
dlao [troètb (Ltbcotnks) kbokas tj jppjso lttodpts tj
sbjvo yju wntb lmvl`tleo.
Du﬍om �� ep Hrnel`mnò lrdjr ]bns lrdjr `j cjèor kj`gors mnslmvl`tleo j` Moxtornty
([tolctb) kbokas.
\unka-rocolso kclsps �� ep Cnebt, domnud, jr bolvy lrdjr ^ju kl` mjﬆ tbns lrdjr ls l` lktnj`.
Xon`gjrkom �� ep Bolvy lrdjr ]bns lrdjr bls hoo` ron`gjrkom lt tbo ijn`ts l`m jtbor
wola pjn`ts. Ubnco wolrnè nt, krntnklc mldleo yju tlao
grjd `j`dlenklc lttlkas ns romukom hy �.
Xu`nk �� ep Lrdjr prjj﬌è tle
tle (l`y tnor) jr l ]bns lrdjr jr sbnocm kl` ho ndhuom wntb ruò dlenk.*
sbnocm. Kl` j`cy ho lppcnom hy l
ruòsdntb.*
[pnaom �� ep Domnud jr bolvy lrdjr ]bns lrdjr bls hoo` djmn﬌om wntb spnaos, hlrhs, jr jtbor
^ sndnclr golturo, l`m molcs �m� pnorknè mldleo tj krolturos
L
[ lttlkanè wntb u`lrdom strnaos jr `lturlc wolpj`s tblt
_
A
J
V
lro`„t dlenklc.
X
O
M
@
L
R
O
C
L * [oo kblptor �, –Xuò Dlenk—.
>
Uolpj`ss
Uolpj` wolpj` jg tbo sldo typo ls plrt jg tbo lttlka.
Kj`kolcom (Lppcnos tj hcjweu`s, mleeors, mlrts,
]bns soktnj` ns n`to`mom tj kjdpcndo`t l`m oxpl`m j` tbo bl`m krjsshjws , l`m scnès ).). ^
^ju
ju blvo lmvl`tleo j`
"Uolpj`s" soktnj` n` kblptor ? jg tbo Vclyor„s
tbo Vclyor„s Bl`mhjja . Moxtornty ([conebt jg Bl`m) kbokas yju dlao tj aoop tbns
wolpj` bnmmo`.
Uolpj` Xovnsnj`s Cndntom (Lppcnos
(Lp pcnos tj bl`m
b l`m krjsshjws ). Vjssossnj` jg
]bo gjccjwnè òw prjportnos blvo hoo` lmmom tj kortln` tbns wolpj` ns rostrnktom n` sjdo sjknotnos, jgto` roqunrnè
wolpj`s. ]bo Xovnsom Uolpj`s
Uolpj`s tlhco ro﬈okt s tboso l spoknlc mnspo`sltnj`, rlà, jr pordnt.
kblèos n` hjcm gjr olsy rogoro`ko9 [noeo (Lppcnos tj eroltkcuhs l`m dlucs). ]bns wolpj`
Hl`mjcnor (Lppcnos
( Lppcnos tj
t j mleeors l`m
l` m mlrts). Ubo`
mlrts). Ubo` molcs mjuhco mldleo tj jhiokts l`m strukturos.
dlanè l rlèom lttlka wntb l wolpj` tblt bls tbo hl`mj- N` lmmntnj`, tbo bolvy prjporty
prjporty bls hoo` lmmom
cnor prjporty, yju kl` nddomnltocy mrlw l`jtbor tj eroltkcuhs.
X�� U��
Uolpj` Kjst Mldleo Uonebt Vrjportnos
[ndpco Docoo Uolpj`s
K c uh � sp �m� hcumeoj`nè � ch. Cnebt
Mleeor � ep �m� pnorknè � ch. Hl`mjcnor, kj`kolcom , ﬌òsso, cnebt, tbrjw` (rlèo ��/��)
Eroltkcuh � sp �m� hcumeoj`nè �� ch. Bolvy, snoeo, twj-bl`mom
X Bl`mlxo � ep �m� sclsbnè � ch. Cnebt, tbrjw` (rlèo ��/��)
J
D Ilvocn` � sp �m� pnorknè � ch. ]brjw` (rlèo ��/��)
X
L Cnebt blddor � ep �m� hcumeoj`nè � ch. Cnebt, tbrjw` (rlèo ��/��)
& Dlko � ep �m� hcumeoj`nè � ch . �
[
D \ulrtorstlﬆ � sp �m� hcumeoj`nè � ch. Worsltnco (�m�)
X
L [nkaco � ep �m� sclsbnè � ch. Cnebt
[polr � ep �m� pnorknè � ch. ]brjw` (rlèo ��/��), vorsltnco (�m�)
[ndpco Xlèom Uolpj`s
Krjsshjw, cnebt �� ep �m� pnorknè � ch. Lddu`ntnj` (rlèo ��/��), cjlmnè, twj-bl`mom
Mlrt � kp �m� pnorknè �/� ch. Hl`mjcnor , kj`kolcom , ﬌òsso, tbrjw` (rlèo ��/��)
[bjrthjw �� ep �m� pnorknè � ch. Lddu`ntnj` (rlèo ��/��), twj-bl`mom
[cnè � sp �m� hcumeoj`nè � Lddu`ntnj` (rlèo ��/��), kj`kolcom
Dlrtnlc Docoo Uolpj`s
Hlttcolxo �� ep �m� sclsbnè � ch. Worsltnco (�m��)
Gclnc �� ep �m� hcumeoj`nè � ch. �
Eclnvo �� ep �m�� sclsbnè � ch. Bolvy, rolkb, twj-bl`mom
Eroltlxo �� ep �m�� sclsbnè � ch. Bolvy, twj-bl`mom
Eroltswjrm �� ep �m� sclsbnè � ch . Bolvy, twj-bl`mom
Blchorm �� ep �m�� sclsbnè � ch . Bolvy, rolkb, twj-bl`mom
Cl`ko �� ep �m�� pnorknè � ch . Xolkb, spoknlc
Cjèswjrm �� ep �m� sclsbnè � ch. Worsltnco (�m��)
Dluc �� ep �m� hcumeoj`nè �� ch. Bolvy, snoeo, twj-bl`mom
Djr`nèstlr �� ep �m� pnorknè � ch . �
Vnao � ep �m�� pnorknè �� ch. Bolvy, rolkb, twj-bl`mom
Xlpnor �� ep �m� pnorknè � ch. Gnòsso
[kndntlr �� ep �m� sclsbnè � ch. Gnòsso, cnebt
[bjrtswjrm �� ep �m� pnorknè � ch . Gnòsso, cnebt
]rnmo`t � ep �m� pnorknè � ch. ]brjw` (rlèo ��/��), vorsltnco (�m�)
Ulr pnka � ep �m� pnorknè � ch. �
Ulrblddor �� ep �m� hcumeoj`nè � ch . Worsltnco (�m��)
Ubnp � ep �m� sclsbnè � ch. Gnòsso, rolkb
Dlrtnlc Xlèom Uolpj`s
Hcjweu` �� ep � pnorknè � ch . Lddu`ntnj` (rlèo ��/��), kj`kolcom , cjlmnè
Krjsshjw, bl`m �� ep �m� pnorknè � ch . Lddu`ntnj` (rlèo ��/��), kj`kolcom , cnebt, cndntom , cjlmnè
Krjsshjw, bobolvy �� ep �m�� pnorknè �� ch. Lddu`ntnj` (r (rlèo ��/��), bo
bolvy, cjlmnè, twj-bl`mom
Cjèhjw �� ep �m� pnorknè � ch . Lddu`ntnj` (rlèo ��/��), bolvy, twj-bl`mom
@ot � ep � � ch . [poknlc, tbrjw` (rlèo �/��)
<6
_perlmnè Uolpj`s Uolpj` _perlmo
_perlmo Kjst [trukturo
_perlmnè l wolpj` bls l hlso kjst lssjknltom wntb olkb
_pelmnè wolpj`s gjccjws l hrl`kbnè pltb systod, wntb
tnor, wntb suhsoquo`t uperlmos jg tblt tnor kjstnè twnko tbo
lvlnclhco jptnj`s spcnt n`tj ductnpco tnors. Lt ﬌rst, l wolpj`
provnjus ldju`t gjr tblt tnor. Gjr oxldpco, Orna moknmos tj
kl` j`cy ho uperlmom wntb l cndntom socoktnj` jg <st tnor
ply l vnsnt tj l cjklc hclkasdntb n` jrmor tj blvo l kustjd-
tles mopo`mnè j` nts typo, olkb jg wbnkb –u`cjkas— jò jr
nzom pjddoc lttlkbom tj bns mleeor”lmmnè tbo hlcl`kom
djro jptnj`s grjd tbo òxt tnor. ]bo gjccjwnè lmmntnj`lc
tle”gjr tbo tnor < hlso kjst jg <66 ep. Cltor, bo rotur`s tj
rucos lppcy wbo` uperlmnè l wolpj` wntb l òw tle9
blvo tbo hclmo bjòm”lmmnè tbo sblrpoòm tle”tbns
tle”tbns tndo
• Lcc proroqunsnto kj`mntnj`s dust ho sltns﬌om tj lppcy l kjstnè 866 ep, wntb tbo òxt <st tnor uperlmo kjstnè =66
òw tle, ls sbjw` n` t bo Uolpj` _perlmos tlhco. ep, l`m sj j`.
• 8`m tnor uperlmos kl` j`cy ho lppcnom hy l trlnòm _perlmos lro erjupom hy tnor gjr tbo purpjsos jg tbns
krlgtsdl`, wntb ;rm tnor uperlmos roqunrnè tbo sanccs jg kjst sklcnè9 kj`tnùnè wntb tbo lhjvo oxldpco, ng Orna
l dlstor lrtnsl`. tbo` wnsbos tj blvo tbo hclmo jg bns mleeor plrtnlccy
sorrltom n` jrmor tj ndprjvo nts oﬆoktnvoòss wbo` scnknè
• ]ypnklccy, nt tlaos l` lrtnsl` l gucc mly jg wjra (dn`ndud l`m kuttnè”lmmnè tbo slw-tjjtbom tle”nt
tle”nt wjucm kjst
2 bjurs) tj uperlmo l wolpj` wntb l òw tle. <,666 ep (tbo 8`m tnor hlso kjst) prjvnmom tblt tbo mleeor
• J`ko lmmom, l tle kl`„t
kl`„t ho rodjvom grjd l wolpj`. mjos`„t lcrolmy pjssoss l`y jtbor 8`m tnor tles.
U�� _��
]le Vroroqunsnto Vrjportnos
L
�st ]nor (hlso kjst9 �� ep) X
D
Hlcl`kom L`y wolpj` ^ju eln` l +� hjùs tj lttlka rjccs dlmo wntb tbns wolpj`. [
&
Krnntn
Kr tnkl
klc9
c9 [bl
blrp
rpooò
òm
m Docooo wo
Doco wolp
lpj`
j`ss tb
tblt
lt mo
molc
lc pn
pnor
orkkn`
nè
e jr Lttlkas wntb tbns wolpj` skjro l krntnklc bnt j` l rjcc jò cjwor L
X
sclsbnè mldleo j`cy tbl` `jrdlc.* D
J
Krntnklc9 [nebt pn` Hjws l`m krjsshjws j`cy Lttlkas wntb tbns wolpj` skjro l krntnklc bnt j` l rjcc jò cjwor X
tbl` `jrdlc.*
Krntnklc9 [pnaom Docoo wolpj`s tblt molc hcumeoj`nè Lttlkas wntb tbns wolpj` skjro l krntnklc bnt j` l rjcc jò cjwor
mldleo j`cy tbl` `jrdlc.*
Xu`nk Kl` j`cy ho lppcnom hy l ruòsdntb† ]bns wolpj` kl` ho ndhuom wntb ruò dlenk.
[ncvorom L`y wolpj` Lttlkas wntb tbns wolpj` kju`t ls sncvorom gjr tbo purpjsos jg
jvorkjdnè rosnstl`ko l`m nddu`nty tj `j`dlenklc lttlkas l`m
mldleo.
Uju`mnè9 Aoo` Docoo wolpj`s j`cy ^ju eln` l +� hjùs tj mldleo rjccs dlmo wntb tbns wolpj`.
Uju`mnè9 Jncom strnè Hjws l`m krj
rjssshjws j`cy ^ju eln` l +� hjùs tj mldleo rjccs dlmo wntb tbns wolpj`.
�`m ]nor (hlso kjst9 �,�� ep)
Hrutlc [blrpoòm jr
jr spnaom tl
t le Ubo` yju rjcc tbo dlxndud mldleo gjr l` lttlka wntb tbns wolp-
j`, yju kl` rjcc t bo wolpj` mldleo mnko leln` l`m lmm tbo òw
rjcc tj tbo mldleo jg tbo lttlka. Ng yju rjcc tbo dlxndud ldju`t
leln`, yju kl` ropolt tbns prjkoss u`tnc yju mj`„t.
O`kbl`tom L`y �st tnor tle. Kl` j`cy ho lppcnom ^ju eln` l +� hjùs tj spocc lttlka rjccs wbnco usnè tbns wolpj`
hy l` lrklò spoccklstor. \ulrtorstlﬆs ls l spoccklstnè gjkus.
j`cy.
Gclèom [pnaom tle.
tle. Kl` j`cy ho lppcnom tj Ubo` yju bnt l krolturo wolrnè domnud jr bolvy lrdjr wntb
dlkos l`m dlucs. tbns wolpj` yju su`mor nts lrdjr, n`﬈nktnè l `j`kuducltnvo ∘�
po`lcty tj nts Lrdjr Kclss u`tnc tbo lrdjr ns roplnrom.
Dlenklc [ncvorom tle.
tle. Kl` j`cy ho lppcnom hy l` Lttlkas wntb tbns wolpj` kju`t ls dlenklc gjr tbo purpjsos jg
lrklò spoccklstor
spoccklstor.. jvorkjdnè rosnstl`ko l`m nddu`nty tj `j`dlenklc lttlkas l`m
mldleo, l`m golturos sukb ls tbo hclka pummnè„s
pummnè „s kjrrjsnvo gjrd.
gjrd.
[lw-tjjtbom [blrpoòm tle.
tle. Kl` j`cy ho lppcnom tj Lttlkas wntb tbns wolpj` molc l` oxtrl �m� sclsbnè mldleo. @j
mleeors. oﬆokt leln`st kj`strukts jr u`molm.
[upornjr Hlcl`kom , aoo`
aoo`,, jr jncom strnè tle.
tle. Kl` ]bo mldleo mno jg tbns wolpj` ns n`krolsom hy jò snzo (gjr
j`cy ho lppcnom tj wolpj`s wntb jò oxldpco, �m� hokjdos �m�, l`m �m�� hokjdos �m��) tj l
mldleo mno. dlxndud jg �m��.
�rm ]nor (hlso kjst9 ��,�� ep)
Lrklò O`kbl`tom tle.
tle. Kl` j`cy ho lppcnom hy ^ju eln` l +� hjùs tj yjur spocc slvo MK wbnco usnè t bns wolpj`
l` lrklò spoccklstor
spoccklstor.. ls l spoccklstnè gjkus.
Dlstorwjra Hrutlc jr
jr supornjr tl
tle ^ju eln` l` lmmntnj`lc +� hjùs tj lttlka l`m mldleo rjccs dlmo
wntb tbns wolpj`.
* Gjr oxldpco, ng yju `jrdlccy skjro l krntnklc bnt j` l rjcc jg �� yju n`stolm skjro jò j` l rjcc jg �� jr ��.
† [oo kblptor �, –Xuò Dlenk—.
<<
Lmmntnj`lc
Lmmntnj`lc Jptnj`s [�� L��
]ypo Kjst Uonebt
]bns soktnj` proso`ts sjdo lmmntnj`lc jptnj`s tj gurtbor
o`bl`ko tbo lrdjry systod n` yjur kldplne`. Eoòrlc (Lcc ]ypos)
Gnrokrlkaor (�) �� ep �/� ch.
[poknlc Lddu`ntnj` [blmjw (�) �� ep �/� ch.
]bo gjccjwnè òw typos jg lddu`ntnj` dly ho lvlnclhco Lrrjws l`m Krjsshjw Hjcts
gjr rlèom wolpj`s1 ontbor gju`m ls cjjt, lvlnclhco tj Hcu`t (��) � ep �/� ch.
purkblso, jr ls l` jptnj` tj krlgt murnè mjw`tndo9 Hjman` (��) �� ep �/� ch.
Horsora Mlrt.
Ml rt. ]bo pjnsj` n` tbns mlrt kl` n`muko Hrjlmbolm (��) �� ep �/� ch.
todpjrlry psykbjsns n` l krolturo suhioktom tj nt. Ubo`
[ncvorom (��) �� ep* �/� ch.
yju bnt l krolturo wnt b l` lttlka usnè tbns lddu`ntnj`, nt
Mlrts
dust sukkoom j` l MK <6 Kj`stntutnj` slvnè tbrjw jr ej
horsora. Ubnco horsora, nt dust uso nts lktnj` olkb rju`m Horsora mlrt (�) �� ep �/� ch.
tj lttlka tbo krolturo òlrost tj nt. Lt tbo o`m jg olkb jg [coop mlrt (�) �� ep �/� ch.
nts tur`s, tbo tlreot kl` dlao l`jtbor Kj`stntutnj` slvnè
* ]bo kjst jg sncvorom lrrjws ls proso`tom n` t bo Vclyor's Bl`mhjja
tbrjw, o`mnè tbo oﬆokt j` l sukkoss. L krolturo tblt bls
bls hoo` romukom hy ��%.
sukkoomom j` tbo slvo bls lmvl`tleo j` suhsoquo`t slvos
dlmo tj rosnst tbo oﬆokts jg tbns pjnsj` gjr 8= bjurs. @j Krlgtnè [poknlc Lddu`ntnj`
oﬆokt leln`st u`molm l`m krolturos ndduò tj honè
N` lmmntnj` tj tbo lpprjprnlto tjjcs gjr tbo ntod tj ho
kblrdom. J`ko l horsora mlrt bnts l krolturo, nt cjsos tbns
krlgtom, l kblrlktor òoms rlw dltornlcs wjrtb blcg jg tbo
prjporty l`m hokjdos l `jrdlc mlrt.
X prjmukom ntod„s soccnè kjst. L kblrlktor prj﬌kno`t wntb
J
Hcu`t. L ﬈lt-`jsom lrrjwbolm typnklccy usom gjr
tbo tjjcs òomom tj krlgt tbo ntod l`m wntb lkkoss tj tbo
D tlreot prlktnko l`m bu`tnè sdlcc eldo l`ndlcs sukb ls
X lpprjprnlto oqunpdo`t kl` krlgt <6 ep„s
L rlhhnts, squnrrocs, l`m erjuso. [ukkossguc lttlkas usnè
& wjrtb jg spoknlc lddu`ntnj` gjr ovor y 2
[
tbns lddu`ntnj` molc <m= `j`cotblc hcumeoj`nè mldleo
bjurs spo`t.
D n`stolm jg tbo wolpj`„
wolpj`„ss `jrdlc mldleo.
X
L Hjman`. ]bo tnp jg l hjman` lrrjw ns djst
kjddj`cy l sblrpoòm spnao wntb l squlro prj﬌co,
mosneòm tj poòt rlto pclto l`m dlnc lrdjr.
lrdjr. ^ju
^ju eln` l
+< hjùs tj lttlka rjccs leln`st tlreots wolrnè lrdjr
wbo` usnè tbns lddu`ntnj`.
Hrjlmbolm. Untb l tnp sblpom cnao l spolr pjn`t,
hrjlmbolms lro mosneòm gjr dlxndud poòtrltnj` jg
sjgt ﬈osb l`m tbnka bnmo”kjddj`cy usom hy bu`tors gjr
hrnènè mjw` clreo eldo. Ubo` yju bnt l krolturo tblt
ns`„t wolrnè lrdjr wntb l` lttlka usnè tbns lddu`ntnj`
nt tlaos l` oxtrl <m7 pnorknè mldleo.
Gnrokrlkaor. ]bns lddu`ntnj` ns tnppom wntb l vjcltnco
lckbodnklc kjdpju`m. J` strnanè l blrm surglko, nt
oxpcjmos kroltnè l ﬈lsb jg cnebt l`m cjum krlka lumnhco
jut tj <66 goot.
[blmjw. O`kbl`tom wntb dlenk grjd tbo [blmjw-
gocc, tbns lddu`ntnj` ns lhco tj strnao krolturos n` tbo
Otborolc Vclò, l`m kju`ts ls dlenklc gjr tbo purpjsos
jg jvorkjdnè rosnstl`ko tj nddu`nty l`m `j`dlenklc
lttlkas l`m mldleo.
[coop Mlrt. ]bns mlrt kj`tln`s l mjso jg l pjworguc
sjpjrn﬌k, mosneòm tj todpjrlrncy n`klplkntlto l tlreot.
Ubo` yju bnt l krolturo wntb l` lt tlka usnè tbns lddu-
`ntnj`, n`stolm jg molcnè mldleo rjcc ?m21 ng tbo tlreot bls
gowor bnt pjn`ts tbl` tbo tjtlc rjccom nt glccs u`kj`sknjus
u`tnc jò bjur bls plssom, nt tlaos mldleo, jr sjdojò
usos l`m lktnj` tj sblao jr sclp tbo tlreot lwlao. @j
oﬆokt leln`st u`molm l`m krolturos ndduò tj honè
kblrdom. J`ko l scoop mlrt bnts l krolturo, nt cjsos
tbns prjporty l`m hokjdos l `jrdlc mlrt.
Hjws l`m krjsshjws j`cy.

Hcjweu`s l`m mlrts j`cy
j`cy..
<8
[poknlc Dltornlcs • Uolpj`s dlmo jg spoknlc dltornlcs vlry n` prnko,
typnklccy kjstnè upwlrms jg 8,666 ep. N` lmmntnj`,
J` yjur lmvo`turos yju dly o`kju`tor jr blvo tbo jppjr- wolpj`s dlmo jg spoknlc dltornlcs lutjdltnklccy
tu`nty tj krolto oqunpdo`t kj`struktom usnè tbo gjccjwnè pjssoss tbo sncvorom l`m dlenklc tles, wbnkb kju`t wbo`
spoknlc dltornlcs9 motordn`nè tbo kjst jg l`y suhsoquo`t uperlmos.
Lmldl`tnò. L`
Lmldl`tnò. L` uctrl-blrm lccjy jg lmldl`t l`m ocok-
trud. Lmldl`tnò ns hclka wntb l eroo` tnèo tblt sblrp-
o`s tj purpco-wbnto u`mor cnebt grjd djst dlenklc sjurkos. @�� D�� L��
Lrdjr dlmo jg lmldl`tnò romukos n`kjdnè hcumeoj`- ]bo jptnj`s gjr lmldl`tnò l`m dntbrlc proso`tom boron` lro
nè, pnorknè, l`m sclsbnè mldleo hy ; ng nt„s bolvy lrdjr,
lrdjr, n`to`mom tj ropclko tbo lmldl`tnò l`m dntbrlc lrdjrs gju`m
jr 8 ng nt„s domnud lrdjr.
lrdjr. [bnocms dlmo jg lmldl`tnud n` kblptor � jg tbo Muèoj` Dlstor„s Eunmo.
Eunmo. ]bo prjportnos
blvo l +< hjùs tj LK. Oqunpdo`t dlmo jg lmldl`tnò jg lmldl`tnò blvo hoo` lmiustom tj djro kcjsocy ro﬈okt nts
djro nkj`nk stltus jg provnjus omntnj`s.
kl`„tt ho mostrjyom,
kl`„ most rjyom, mldleom jr suﬆor grjd wolr.
Kjcm Nrj`. L
Nrj`. L rlro puro-gjrdom nrj`, dnòm moop u`mor-
erju`m l`m gjreom lt cjwor todporlturos tj prosorvo nts Uolr l`m Xoplnr
mocnklto prjportnos. Uolpj`s dlmo jg kjcm nrj` molc l`
lmmntnj`lc wolpj` mldleo mno leln`st goy krolturos. ^ju kl` uso tbo gjccjwnè rucos gjr oqunpdo`t wolr l`m
^ju
Mlrawjjm (Ylcl `tlr). ]bns rlro dlenklc wjjm bls roplnr tj lmm l` oxtrl mndo`snj` tj yjur kldplne`9
sndnclr prjportnos tj hookb, jla l`m yow gjr hjw-dla-
nè wbnco honè oxtrodocy cnebt l`m murlhco. Cjèhjws
Oqunpdo`t Vrjportnos
l`m bolvy krjsshjws dlmo jg mlrawjjm mj`„t blvo tbo ]bo gjccjwnè tles kl`„t ho lmmom ls uperlmos, hut dly ho
bolvy prjporty
prjpor ty.. gju`m prooxnstnè j` cjjtom jr gjr-slco ntods, jr lppcnom
Moop Krystlc.
Krys tlc. Moop krystlc ns l dnòrlc jg lhjvo-lvorleo lutjdltnklccy wbo` kortln` kj`mntnj`s lro dot. L
X
qulcnty gju`m lt tbo bolrt jg clreo von`s jr mopjsnts, l`m ns Ujr` jr [u`morom. ]bns pnoko jg oqunpdo`t bls hoo` D
[
ro`jwòm gjr nts stroètb l`m dlenklccy rosj`l`t `lturo. mldleom n` kjdhlt jr bls motornjrltom wntb leo jr uso. L &
Uolpj`s
U olpj`s dlmo jg moop kr ystlc kl` ho usom ls l spocc- wjr` jr su`morom wolpj` kj`gors l ∘< po`lcty tj ltt lka L
X
klstnè gjkus. l`m mldleo rjccs dlmo wntb nt, l`m tbo LK jg wjr` jr D
su`morom lrdjr ns romukom hy < J
Mrlej`bnmo. L
Mrlej`bnmo. L rlro typo jg co ltbor lrdjr dlmo grjd X
tbo suppco u`morhoccy bnmo jg l mrlej`. Ubnco wolrnè Mldleom. ]bns pnoko jg oqunpdo`t bls sustlnòm sne`ng-
mrlej`bnmo lrdjr yju blvo rosnstl`ko tj tbo mldleo typo nkl`t mldleo l`m wncc hrola wbo` yju rjcc l < j` tbo m86
lssjknltom wntb tbo mrlej` grjd wbnkb nt ns dlmo (gjr gjr l` lttlka dlmo wntb nt (wolpj`s) jr yju tlao mldleo
oxldpco, hcuo mrlej`bnmo lrdjr kj`gors rosnstl`ko tj grjd l krntnklc bnt wbnco wolrnè nt (lrdjr l`m sbnocms).
cnebt`nè mldleo). Hrjao`. L
Hrjao`. L hrjao` wolpj` jr sbnocm kl``jt ho wnocmom,
Nrj`wjjm. Nrj`wjjm ns l dlenklc suhstl`ko kroltom l`m tbo LK jg hrjao` lrdjr ns romukom hy ?, tj l
grjd `jrdlc wjjm hy mrunms. Ubnco rodln`nè `lturlc dn`ndud jg <6.
wjjm n` lcdjst ovory wly, nrj`wjjm ns ls strjè, bolvy,bolvy,
l`m rosnstl`t tj ﬌ro ls stooc. [poccs l`m oﬆokts tblt lﬆokt W��9 M�� O��
dotlc mj `jt lﬆokt nrj`wjjm, wborols spoccs tblt lﬆokt Ng yjur erjup oìjys djro tlktnklc kjdhlt, kj`snmor lccjwnè
wjjm mj”lctbjueb nrj`wjjm wncc `jt hur`. wjr` jr su`morom lrdjr tj hokjdo mldleom j` sust ln`nè
Dntbrlc. A`jw` tj tbo mwlrvos ls truodotlc, tbns mldleo grjd l krntnklc bnt, l`m l wjr` jr su`morom wolpj` tj
sbn`nè sncvory-hcuo dotlc ns cnebtor tbl` stooc yot iust ls hokjdo mldleom wbo` yju rjcc l � j` tbo m�� gjr l` lttlka
murlhco. Oqunpdo`t dlmo jg dntbrlc wonebs j`cy blcg ls rjcc dlmo wntb nt.
dukb ls tbo sldo ntod dlmo jg `jrdlc dotlcs, l`m bls `j
[troètb roqunrodo`t. Lmmntnj`lccy, lrdjr dlmo jg dntbrlc
kl` ho wjr` u`mor `jrdlc kcjtbos, l`m mjos`„t ndpjso Xoplnrnè Oqunpdo`t
mnslmvl`tleo j` Moxtornty ([tolctb) kbokas wbo` nt jtbor- L kblrlktor prj﬌kno`t wntb l`m n` pjssossnj` jg l` lp prj-
wnso wjucm. [dlcc krolturos mj `jt blvo mnslmvl`tleo j` prnlto sot jg lrtnsl`„s tjjcs kl` lttodpt tj roplnr wjr`,
lttlka rjccs wntb bolvy wolpj`s dlmo jg dntbrlc. mldleom, jr hrjao` oqunpdo`t ls gjccjws9
[blmjwsnca. Bnebcy prnzom hy lsslssn`s l`m kutpursos, • Oqunpdo`t tblt ns wjr` jr su`morom kl` ho roplnrom gjr
sblmjwsnca ns kcjtb dlmo grjd dlenklccy wjvo` sblmjw- l ﬌xom kjst jg <6 ep, jr hy spo`mnè < bjur l`m sukkoom-
stuﬆ. Ubnco wolrnè `jrdlc kcjtbnè jr l eldhosj` dlmo nè j` l MK <? roplnr kboka wntb l` lpprjprnlto sot jg
jg sblmjwsnca l`m `j jtbor lrdjr, yju blvo lmvl`tleo j` tjjcs.
Moxtornty ([tolctb) kbokas wbo` lttodptnè tj bnmo n` mnd
cnebt jr mlraòss. • Oqunpdo`t tblt ns mldleom kl` ho roplnrom gjr l kjst
oqulc tj <6 ep jr <6% jg tbo hlso kjst jg tbo ntod
Xucos gjr [poknlc Dltornlcs (wbnkbovor ns bnebor), jr hy spo`mnè = bjurs l`m
]bo gjccjwnè eoòrlc rucos lppcy tj lrds l`m lrdjr sukkoomnè j` l MK 86 roplnr kboka wntb l` lpprjprnlto
kj`struktom usnè spoknlc dltornlcs9 sot jg tjjcs.
• Lrdjr l`m sbnocms kj`struktom usnè lmldl`tnò jr • Oqunpdo`t tblt ns hrjao` kl` ho roplnrom gjr l kjst
mrlej`bnmo blvo l hlso kjst oqulc tj two`ty tndos tblt oqulc tj ?6% jg tbo hlso kjst jg tbo oqunpdo`t. ]bo tlsa
jg tbo sldo ntod dlmo oxkcusnvocy jg `jrdlc dltornlcs. jg roplnrnè hrjao` oqunpdo`t kl` j`cy ho u`mortlao` n`
Lrdjr l`m sbnocms kj`struktom usnè jt bor spoknlc dlto- l wjrasbjp o`vnrj`do`t, l`m tlaos l`ywboro grjd l gucc
B
] rnlcs blvo l hlso kjst oqulc tj to` tndos ls dukb. mly tj djro tbl` l wooa mopo`mnè j` tbo typo l`m qulc-
^
[
X
nty jg tbo oqunpdo`t l`m tbo oxto`t jg tbo wjra roqunrom.
J
G Vrjjgom lrdjr tblt ns hrjao` kl` j`cy ho roplnrom hy l
]
] dlstor lrtnsl`.
L
D
<;
K�LV�o� ��9
�u�ΐ ��
��en N
A
[
U
J
]
[
N
B
K
Y
[
L
D
J
]
�� tbo todpost ruò
ruò dnebt kluso tbo blnr j` yjur òka tj
dlenk jrnen`ltom wntb enl`ts stl`m j` o`m ls vnsnj`s jg hlttco l`m tbu`morstjrds ﬈lsb
murnè tbo leo wbo` Jstjrnl tbrjueb yjur dn`m. Ls tbo ruòs lro hlsom j` djmor`
rucom l` lrol jg Glorñ` grjd tbo Motboa, tbjso lhco tj rolm Mwlrvnsb kl` kjdprobo`m
Wncbj` Xolkb tj tbo Kjcm Cl`ms. tbonr eoòrlc dol`nè, wbnkb dly prjvnmo kcuos lhjut tbo
[n`ko tblt tndo, tbo mwlrvos blvo ruòstjò„ss `lturo l`m prj portnos.
ruòstjò„
stumnom tbo tokb`nquos jg tbo sanct- ]bo nmo`tngy
]bo nmo`tngy spocc
spocc nddomnltocy rovolcs l ruòst jò„
jò„ss
erlvr (–ruò kuttors—), lmlptnè prjportnos. ^ju kl` lcsj colr` nts prjportnos jvor tbo
tbo ruò dlenk jg tbo enl`ts l`m kjurso jg l sbjrt rost wbnco dln`tln`nè pbysnklc kj`tlkt
dlanè nt tbonr jw`. wntb nt, jr hy suk koomnè j` l MK <? N`toccneo`ko (Lrkl`l)
Xuò dlenk lccjws l kblrlktor tj lkkoss tbo dlenklc kboka usnè l sot jg ruòsdntb„s tjjcs.
pjto`tnlc jg snencs kroltom hy tbo ﬌rst ruòsdntbs l`m tbonr
kj`todpjrlrnos. ]bns kblptor moskrnhos ruòstjòs”
oèrlvom eodstjòs usom tj kbl`òc ruò dlenk”l`m tbo
Xuòsdntbnè
wlys n` wbnkb tboy dnebt ho o`kju`torom n` yjur wjrcm, ls Kblrlktors wnsbnè tj krlgt tbonr jw` ruòstjòs kl` mj
wocc ls rucos gjr kroltnè tbod. sj gjccjwnè tbo rucos n` tbns soktnj`.
]jjc Vrjgnkno`ky
Xuòstjòs L ruòsdntb usos l spoknlc s ot jg tjjcs n` j rmor tj oèrlvo
Xuòstjòs lro eodstjòs usom ls gjkn gjr tbo dlenk eodstjòs wntb dlenklc snencs. N` lmmntnj` tj tbo n`gjrdl-
kj`tlnòm wntbn` tbo snencs oèrlvom j`tj tbod hy ruò- tnj` hocjw, uso jg tboso tjjcs gjccjws tbo eoòrlc eunmocnòs
sdntbs. L prnzom oxpjrt jg mwlrvo` sjknoty, tboy lro sjcm gjr lrtnsl`„s tjjcs gju`m n` kblptor 8, –]jjc
–]jjc Vrj﬌kno`knos—
Vrj﬌k no`knos—,,
tj wolctby lmvo`turors l`m dorko`lrnos ls l dol`s jg jg Rl`ltblr„s
jg Rl`ltblr„s Eunmo tj Ovorytbnè.
Ovorytbnè .
odpjwornè tbonr lrds l`m lrdjr.
lrdjr. N` l wjrcm wbor o dlenk
ntods lro n`krolsnècy rlro, tbo mwlrvos wjra wntb typnklc Xuòsdntb„s ]jjcs
n`mustry tj doot l` ovor-oxpl`mnè modl`m. Vrj﬌kno`ky wntb ruòsdntb„s tjjcs lccjws yju tj otkb
dlenklc ruòs n`tj proknjus stjòs, ls wocc ls nmo`tngy
_snè Xuòstjòs lspokts jg tbonr cjro wbo` o`kju`torom n` tbo wjrcm. L sot
]bo gjccjwnè rucos lppcy tj tbo uso jg ruòstjòs9 jg ruòsdntb„s tjjcs kjsts 8? ep l`m wonebs ? ch.
Kjdpjò`ts. Xuòsdntb„
Xuòsdntb„ss tjjcs n`kcumo l blddor, l sot
• N` jrmor tj uso l ruòstjò, nt dust ﬌rst ho l﬋xom tj l
jg kbnsocs l`m òomco ﬌cos, l ﬌ò-blnrom hrusb, l pjukb jg
pnoko jg oqunpdo`t wntb tbo ru`nk
tbo ru`nk tle.
tle. J`cy oqunpdo`t
pjwmorom dntbrlc, l`m l spoknlc lckbodnklc clkquor.
wntb tbo ru`nk
tbo ru`nk tle
tle kl` kbl`òc tbo dlenklc prjportnos jg
Lrkl`l l`m
l `m Bnstjry. ^
Bnstjry. ^jur
jur oxportnso co`ms yju lmmntnj `lc
ruòstjòs.
n`snebts lhjut cjro lssjknltom wntb ruòs l`m jtbor snencs
• L krolturo dust ho lttuòm tj tbo ntod tj eln` tbo hoò- klrvom n`tj stjò jr jtbor surglko.
﬌ts jg l` l﬋xom ruò. N`vostneltnj`.
N`vostnelt nj`. ^
^ju
ju kl` spjt kcuos l`m dlao momuktnj`s
• L dlxndud jg jò ruòstjò kl` ho l﬋xom tj l pnoko jg tblt jtbors dnebt jvorcjja wbo` n`spoktnè ntods jr
oqunpdo`t lt l tndo. surglkos klrvom wntb ruòs l`m jtbor snencs.
• L ruòstjò kl` ho rodjvom grjd l pnoko jg oqunpdo`t, X��'� ]�� X

hut nt ns mostrjyom n` tbo prjkoss. Lktnvnty MK
_
@
O
• Gjr dlenklc oﬆokts kroltom hy
hy ruòstjòs, yjur spocc Nmo`tngy tbo prjportnos jg l ruòstjò �� D
lttlka djmn﬌or l`m spocc slvo MK uso tbo lhncnty djmn﬌or Motordnò tbo kroltjr jg l ruòstjò �� L
E
jg tbo wolpj` usom gjr tbo lttlka. N
K
Lwlrmnè
Lwlrmnè Xuòstjòs
Xuòstjòs
Lwlrmnè ruòstjòs sbjucm gjccjw tbo eoòr lc eunmocnòs
gjr lwlrmnè dlenk ntods gju`m n` tbo Muèoj` Dlstor„s
Eunmo l`m
Eunmo l`m Rl`ltblr„s
Rl`ltblr„s Eunmo tj Ovorytbnè wbo`
Ovorytbnè wbo` pcl``nè
trolsuro rowlrms. Boro lro l gow wlys tj n`toerlto ruò-
stjòs n`tj yjur kldplne`9
• Xuòstjòs kl` ho gju`m n` trolsuro bjlrms, sbjps, jr
jﬆorom ls quost rowlrms ontbor lcjèsnmo jr n` cnou jg
dlenk ntods jg l` oqunvlco`t rlrnty.
• ]boy dnebt j`cy ho lvlnclhco
lvlnclhco tbrjueb l rokje`nzom
euncm”sukb ls tbo Xuòsdntb„s Euncm”jr jtbor trlm-
nè bjuso, l`m suppcy dly ho rosntrnktom tj qulcngynè
porsj`s jr cjkltnj`s.
Nmo`tngynè Xuòstjòs
Xuòstjòs lro nmo`tn﬌om n` l dl`òr sndnclr tj nmo`tn- D��
D gynè dlenk ntods. [ndpcy bl`mcnè l ruòstjò klusos ]rlmnè n` ruòstjòs jutsnmo jg lutbjrnzom kbl`òcs ns
L
A
C l strjè so`so jg nts nmo`tnty tj okbj n` l kblrlktor„s strnktcy gjrhnmmo`. Ovory ruòsdntb colvos l u`nquo lurl ”cnao l
O
_ dn`m. Gjr oxldpco, tjukbnè l ruòstjò oèrlvom wntb dlenklc ﬌èorprn`t”j` ruòstjòs tboy krolto, sj ho klroguc!
D
L
[
<?
K
N
E
L
D
O
@
_
X
Krlgtnè Xoqunrodo`ts Krlgtnè Vrjkoss

N` jrmor tj oèleo n` ruòsdntbnè l kblrlktor dust ho J`ko lcc roqunrodo`ts lro dot, tbo prjkoss jg kroltnè l
prj﬌kno`t wntb l`m blvo lkkoss tj l sot jg ruòsdntb„s ruòstjò ns porgjrdom jvor l pornjm jg twj bjurs, wbnkb
tjjcs, wntb prj﬌kno`ky roproso`tnè tbo hlso covoc jg kl` ho spcnt n`tj sbjrtor sossnj`s sukb ls murnè l sbjrt
kjdpoto`ky òomom tj wnocm tbo tjjcs oﬆoktnvocy. N` rost. Lt tbo o`m jg tbo pornjm, dlao l krlgt kboka usnè
lmmntnj` tj l sot jg ruòsdntb„s tjjcs, l eodstjò ns yjur ruòsdntb„s
ruòsdntb„s tjjcs. Ubo` yju dlao tbns kboka, yju
roqunrom j`tj wbnkb tbo ruòs lro oèrlvom tj glsbnj` l mj`„t hoò﬌t grjd l`y hjùsos (sukb ls Hlrmnk N`spnrltnj`)
ruòstjò. ]bo dn`ndud roqunrom qulcnty jg tbo eodstjò oxkopt yjur jw` lhncnty skjro l`m prj﬌kno`ky hjùs, u`coss
(ls mo`jtom hy nts vlcuo) mopo`ms j` tbo stroètb jg tbo yju hoò﬌ttom grjd tbo hj ùs gjr tbo murltnj` jg tbo krlgt.
ruòstjò honè kroltom (ls mo`jtom hy nts rlrnty), ls
djmn﬌or 4 yjur prj﬌kno`ky hjùs +
Xuòsdntb„s tjjcs djmn﬌or 4
sbjw` n` tbo Xuòsdntbnè tlhco9
yjur Moxtornty jr N`toccneo`ko djmn﬌or (yjur kbjnko)
X�� J` l sukkoss, tbo eodstjò ns oèrlvom sukkossguccy
Xuòstjò Xlrnty Eodstjò Wlcuo MK l`m hokjdos l ruòstjò, jtborwnso tbo eodstjò ns
Kjddj` Lt colst �� ep �� mostrjyom. ]bo MK mopo`ms j` tbo rlrnty jg tbo ruòstjò,
J
_`kjddj` Lt colst �� ep �� ls sbjw` n` tbo Xuòsdntbnè tlhco. K
@
N
Xlro Lt colst �� ep �� Lppo`mnx K proso`ts l rog oro`ko sot jg t lhcos tj bocp l K
C
O
pclyor qunkacy lskortln` tbo kbl`kos jg sukkoss jg l envo` M
Wory rlro Lt colst �,�� ep �� L
@
krlgtnè lttodpt. @
Coeo`mlry Lt colst �,�� ep �� L
<7
Xuòsdntb„s Euncm Ijuròydl`. ^
Ijuròydl`. ^ju
ju blvo modj`strltom tbo hlsnk k lro l`m
kjdpoto`knos oxpoktom jg l ruòsdntb. Ls l rosuct jg yjur
]bo Xuòsdntb„s
Xuòsdntb„s Euncm ns tbo
t bo j﬋knlc euncm gj r tbo stumy stumnos, yju eln` l +< hjùs tj kbokas yju dlao tj krlgt
l`m prlktnko jg ruòsdntbnè l`m ruò dlenk. Gju`mom n` ruòstjòs jg kjddj` rlrnty.
Elu`tceryd murnè tbo Leo jg tbo Vrjum Vojpcos, tjmly Krlgtsdl`. ^
Krlgtsdl`. ^ju
ju lro rokje`nzom ls l gucc dodhor jg tbo
tbo euncm ns bolmqulrtorom n` tbo knty jg @ovorwn`tor wntb euncm ^ju eln` l +< hjùs tj kbokas yju dlao tj krlgt
l proso`ko n` dl`y dlijr sottcodo`ts tbrjuebjut tbo ruòstjòs jg u`kjddj` rlrnty. Gucc dodhors lro lhco tj
Xolcds. ]bns soktnj` proso`ts l` jptnj`lc grldowjra gjr porgjrd euncm wjra murnè mjw`tndo (soo hocjw).
n`kjrpjrltnè tbo euncm n`tj yjur kldplne`. Lrtnsl`. ^
Lrtnsl`. ^ju
ju blvo modj`strltom tbo klplhncntno s jg l
votorl` jg tbo euncm. ^ju eln` l +< hjùs tj kbokas yju
Ijn`nè
Ijn`nè tbo Euncm dlao tj krlgt rlro ruòstjòs. Euncm lrtnsl`s lro ocnenhco
L`y kblrlktor prj﬌kno`t wntb l s ot jg ruòsdntb„s tjjcs gjr tbo Xuòsdntbnè Lmopt golt (soo òxt pleo).
kl` hokjdo l` lppro`tnko jg tbo Xuòsdntb„s
Xuòsdntb„s Euncm hy Dlstor. ]brjueb mncneo`t stumy, yju blvo lkbnovom tbo
roenstornè wntb l euncm u`nj` roproso`tltnvo l`m plynè l stltus jg l dlstor ruòsdntb. ^ju eln` l +< hjùs tj
roenstrltnj` goo jg <6 ep. kbokas yju dlao tj krlgt vory rlro ruòstjòs.
Erl`mdlstor. ^
Erl`mdlstor. ^ju
ju blvo lsko`mom tj tbo rlà jg erl`m-
N`krolsnè ^jur [tl`mnè dlstor.. ^ju eln` l +< hjùs tj k bokas yju dlao tj krlgt
dlstor
^ju dust plss oxlds n` jrmor tj n`krolso yjur stl`mnè
^ju coeo`mlry ruòstjòs. Erl`sdlstors lro n`vntom tj ltto`m
wntbn` tbo euncm. Gjr olkb oxld, kl`mnmltos lro tlsaom dootnès jg tbo kju`knc, l`m jgto` bolm cjklc kblptors.
wntb krlgtnè tbo t ost ntod spokn﬌om n` t bo Euncm Oxlds
tlhco. Oxlds lro skbomucom lt tbo o`m jg ovory dj`tb. Euncm Mjw`tndo Lktnvntnos
]bo mjw`tndo rucos proso`tom n` tbns soktnj` lro n`to`mom
E�� O�� tj kjdpcndo`t l`m oxpl`m j` tbo "Mjw`tndo Xovnsntom"
Xlà ]ost Ntod soktnj` n` kblptor 8 jg Rl`ltblr„s
jg Rl`ltblr„s Eunmo tj Ovorytbnè.
Ovorytbnè .
Ijuròydl` Ulrrnjr ruòstjò
ruòstjò
Euncm Ujra
Krlgtsdl` Hju`m wolpj` ruòstjò
wolpj` ruòstjò
Dodhors jg tbo euncm kl` spo`m tndo n` tbo wjrablccs
Lrtnsl` Kblcnko ruòstjò
Kblcnko ruòstjò
﬌ccnè jrmors pclkom hy kcno`ts.
Dlstor Jvorsbnocm ruòstjò
ruòstjò Xosjurkos. Euncm wjra roqunros lt colst jò
j ò mly„s clhjr.
clhjr.
Erl`mdlstor Wjcl`t ruòstjò
Wjcl`t ruòstjò Oqunpdo`t l`m dltornlcs lro suppcnom hy tbo euncm.
Xosjcutnj`. [tl`mlrm roduòrltnj` gjr euncm wjra
]j ho ocnenhnco tj snt l` oxld, l kblrlktor dust blvo plnm mopo`ms j` yjur euncm rlà ls gjccjws9
gjr tblt tord„
t ord„ss tuntnj`. ]untnj` tndo l`m kj st vlrnos mop o`m-
nè j` tbo covoc jg n`struktnj`, ls sbjw` n` tbo Euncm E�� U��
]untnj` tlhco. ]untnj` ns u`mortlao` gjr tbo òxt covoc jg Xlà Olr`nès
euncm lmvl`kodo`t. Gjr oxldpco, l krlgtsdl` wncc rokonvo
Krlg
Krlgts
tsdl
dl`
` Djmost
Djmo st cn
cngo
gost
styc
ycoo gjr
gjr tb
tboo woo
wooaa + � ep
ep por
por ml
mlyy jg
jg
tuntnj` lt tbo lrtnsl` covoc n` jrmor tj proplro gjr lmvl`ko-
wjra
do`t tj tblt rlà.
Lrttnsl`
Lr Kjdgjrtlhco cngosty tycco gjr tb
tbo wooa + �� ep por
E�� ]�� mly jg wjra
X
Dlstor Uolctb
tbyy cngostyc
ycoo gjr tbo wooa + �� ep por mly _
N`stuktnj` Covoc ]untnj` ]ord ]untnj` @
jg wjra O
Ijuròydl` � wjrawooa �� ep D
Erl`md
Erl`mdlsto
lstorr Lrnstj
Lrnstjkrl
krltnk
tnk cng
cngost
ostyco
yco gjr tbo woo
wooaa + �� ep por
por L
Krlgtsdl` � wjrawooas �� ep mly jg wjra E
N
Lrtnsl` � wjrawooas �� ep K
Dlstor � wjrawooas �� ep Kjdpcnkltnj`s. Vorgjrdnè euncm wjra rlrocy rosucts n`

Erl`mdlstor �� wjrawooas �� ep sne`n﬌kl`t kjdpcnkltnj`s. [tncc, wjranè gjr tbo euncm ns `jt
wntbjut rnsa. Olkb wjrawooa spo`t ﬌ccnè j rmors hrnès l
Kl`mnmltos snttnè l` oxld dust suppcy tbonr jw` <6% kbl`ko l kjdpcnkltnj`.
eodstjò, jr tboy kl` purkblso jò grjd euncm stjkas. U�� K��
Oxlds lro n`vnencltom hy l dlstor jr erl`mdlstor l`m clst
gjr twj bjurs, murnè wbnkb tndo lcc gjrds jg dlenk l`m m� Kjdpcnkltnj`
dlenklc oﬆokts lro supprossom ls ng hy l` l`tndlenk
l` l`tndlenk ﬌ocm � L kus
kustj
tjdo
dorr kl`
kl`ko
kocscs l` jr
jrmo
morr, rom
romuk
ukn` nè
e yju
yjurr olr
olr`n
`nè
èss
spocc. Lt tbo o`m jg tbo pornjm, dlao l krlgt kboka usnè gjr tbo wooa hy jò kltoejry.
yjur ruòsdntb„s
ruòsdntb„s tjjcs, gjccjwnè tbo `jrdlc rucos gjr krlgt - � ^ju wjr
wjraa l cukr
cukrltn
ltnvo
vo kj`
kj`trl
trlkt
kt,, n`kr
n`krololsnsnè
è yju
yjurr olr`
olr`n`
nès
es
nè l ruòstjò. ^ju dlao tbns kboka wntb lmvl`tleo ng gjr tbo wooa hy jò rlà kltoejry.
yju blvo ltto`mom l gucc tuntnj` to rd (tlao` ls l mjw`tndo � ^ju
jurr tjjc
tjjcss lro
lro mld
mldle leom
om jr st
stjc
jco`
o`,, gjr
gjrkn
knè
è yj
yjuu tj hu
huyy
lktnvnty). J` l sukkoss, yju plss tbo oxld l`m yjur òw òw jòs.*
rlà ns rokje`nzom. Xuòstjòs kroltom murnè oxlds lro � L` n`
n`kn
knmo
mo`t
`t jk
jkku
kurs
rs n` tb
tboo wjr
wjrabablc
lccc gjr
gjr wb
wbnk
nkb
b yju
yju lr
lroo
wntbbocm hy tbo euncm tj ply tlxos covnom hy tbo cjklc cjrm jr hcldom (iustn﬌om jr `jt, ls yju kbjjso). ^ju ^ju lro
ejvor`jr, jgto` hy suppcynè tbo òlrost elrrnsj`. hlrrom grjd tbo wjrablcc gjr tbo òxt snx wjrawooas.*
� ^ju lro
lro lkk
lkkus
usom
om jg
jg socc
soccn`
nè
e ruò
ruòstj
stjò
òss juts
jutsnm
nmoo jg eu
eunc
ncm
m
Xlà Hoògnts kbl`òcs hy l kjccoleuo.*
]bo gjccjwnè hoò﬌ts lro nddomnltocy kj`gorrom tj
� L ru`
ruòs
ostj
tjò
ò ho
holr
lrn`
nèe yju
yjurr dle
dlenk
nklc
lc sn
sne`
e`lt
ltur
uroo wls
wls us
usom
om
dodhors j` lttln`nè l òw rlà. Lcc rlà hoò﬌ts tj kjddnt l krndo.*
lro kuducltnvo.
* Dnebt n`vjcvo l rnvlc.
<5
Lmmntnj`lc
Lmmntnj`lc Jptnj`s Xuòstjòs L‛Y
]bns soktnj` proso`ts sjdo lmmntnj`lc jptnj`s tj gurtbor ]bns soktnj` moskrnhos tbo djst kjddj` ruòstjòs n` tbo
o`bl`ko tbo ruò dlenk systod n` yjur kldplne`. wjrcm jg M�� & M��. Hoen``nè wntb l hrnog
cnst jg tbo ruòstjòs, sjrtom hy typo l`m rlrnty, gjccjwom hy
]jjc Golts tbonr moskrnptnj`s proso`tom n` lcpblhotnklc jrmor.
]bo ruòsdntbnè systod proso`tom n` tbns kblptor
lssudos tblt mjuhco prj﬌kno`ky kl` ho jhtlnòm hy Uolpj`s Lrdjr
kblrlktors wnsbnè tj hokjdo l` lkkjdpcnsbom lrtnsl`.
Ls sukb, nt ns lmvnsom tj lccjw tbo gjccjwnè òw golt (j r K�� K��
sndnclr) n` eldos tblt lccjw golts9 Dlrnòr Lckbodnst
Ulrrnjr ]bnog
Xuòsdntbnè Lmopt
Vroroqunsnto9 Lrt nsl` jg tbo Xuòsdntb„s
Xuòsdntb„s Euncm (ng usnè tbo _�� _��
euncm systod) Hju`m Uolpj` Lrrjw-Kltkbor
^ju blvo oxkoccom n` yjur stumy jg ruòsdntbnè l`m lro
^ju Klt Hju`m Lrdjr
roelrmom ls l prjmney hy yjur poors, eln`nè tbo gjccjw- Kbljs Mlywlcaor
nè hoò﬌ts9 Goltborgjjt Ocodo`tlc [bnocm
@j`motoktnj` Goltborgjjt
• N`krolso yjur Moxtornty jr N`toccneo`ko skjro hy <, tj l
[orpo`t A`jka
dlxndud jg 86.
@j`motoktnj`
• ^jur prj﬌kno`ky hjùs ns mjuhcom gjr l`y
l`y lhncnty kboka X��
yju dlao wntb ruòsdntb„s
ruòsdntb„s tjjcs. Horsoraor X��
Kblcnko Hlstnj`
• Jvor tbo kjurso jg l sbjrt rost, yju kl` lttodpt tj
rodjvo l ruòstjò l﬋xom tj l pnoko jg oqunpdo`t Moltb Kblcnko
wntbjut mostrjynè nt . Lt tbo o`m jg tbo sbjrt rost, dlao l Bu`t Ijuròy
kboka wntb yjur ruòsdntb„s tjjcs, wboro tbo MK ns oqulc Dleohlò Vbjo`nx
tj tbo MK tj krolto tbo ruòstjò. J` l sukkoss, tbo [juctrlp Ulrdleo
ruòstjò ns rokjvorom. [uporkj`muktjr
W�� X��
Lrtngnkor N`gusnj`s
N`gusnj`s W�� X�� Mnspclkodo`t
Hcjjm Uolpj` Dlra/Xoklcc
]bo gjccjwnè òw n`gusnj`s lro lvlnclhco tj lrtn﬌kors.
Mrlej`hlò Jvorsbnocm
]bo moskrnptnj` jg olkb n`gusnj` motlncs tbo typo jg ntod
Olrtbsblaor Xotrnhutnj`
tblt kl` rokonvo nt, l`m gjccjw tbo `jrdlc rucos gjr lrtn﬌-
Enl`t [clyor
kor n`gusnj`s gju`m n` kblptor < jg Ohorrj`9
jg Ohorrj`9 Xnsnè grjd C��
tbo Clst Ulr . Ujcgshlò
Gjrko jg Uncc
O`bl`kom Xu`nk Mogo`so C�� Dndo
Dndo Wjcl`t
Vroroqunsnto9 Vr j﬌kno`ky wntb ruòsdntb„s tjjcs
K ]odpost
N Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr j r l sbnocm wntb tbo ru`nk tle
E
L
D ]bo dlxndud ùdhor jg ruòstjòs tblt kl` ho l﬋xom
O tj tbns sunt jg lrdjr jr sbnocm ns n`krolsom hy <. Ng tbns
@
_ n`gusnj` o`ms, l ùdhor jg l﬋xom ruòstjòs oxkoomnè
Xuòstjò Moskrnptnj`s
X
jò lro nddomnltocy mostrjyom (yjur kbjnko). Xuòstjòs lro proso`tom n` lcpblhotnklc jrmor. L ruò-
stjò„s ntod moskrnptnj` envos nts `ldo, nts rlrnty, tbo typo
O`bl`kom Xu`nk Uolpj` jg ntod tblt kl` rokonvo nt, l`m nts dlenklc prjportnos.
Vroroqunsnto9 Vr j﬌kno`ky wntb ruòsdntb„s tjjcs
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolpj ` wntb tbo ru`nk tle Lckbodnst
Xuòstjò, kjddj`
]bo dlxndud ùdhor jg ruòstjòs tblt kl` ho l﬋xom
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr
tj tbns wolpj` ns n`krolsom hy <. Ng tbns n`gusnj` o`ms, l
ùdhor jg l﬋xom ruòstjòs oxkoomnè jò lro nddomn- Ubnco yju lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju roeln` 8 lmmntnj`lc
ltocy mostrjyom (yjur kbjnko). bnt pjn`ts wbo` yju mrnà l pjtnj` jg bolcnè.
Lrrjw-Kltkbor
Lrrjw-Kltkbor
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj`
Ntod9 L sbnocm
]bns ruòstjò bls tbroo kblreos. Ubnco yju lro wnocmnè
tbns sbnocm, wbo` yju jr l grno`mcy krolturo wntbn` <6 goot
jg yju lro tbo tlreot jg l rlèom wolpj` lttlka yju kl`
oxpo`m l kblreo ls l rolktnj` tj ndpjso mnslmvl`tleo j`
tbo lttlka. ^ju dust kbjjso tj mj sj hogjro tbo rjcc. ]bo
ruòstjò roeln`s <m; kblreos mlncy lt mlw`.
<2
Hlstnj` tbo lttuòm wolror usos tbod. ]bo ruò kl` stjro up tj
Xuòstjò, rlro ? covocs wjrtb jg spoccs lt l tndo. Ubo` gju`m, nt kj`tln`s
Ntod9 L elu`tcotom sunt jg lrdjr jr l sbnocm <m7 ∘ < covocs jg stjrom spoccs kbjso` hy tbo MD.
L`y krolturo kl` klst l s pocc jg <st tbrjueb ?tb covoc
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè (lrdjr) jr wnocmnè (sbnocm) tbns n`tj tbo ruò hy tjukbnè tbo ruò ls tbo spocc ns klst. ]bo
ntod, yju kl` uso l hjùs lktnj` tj pross yjur ﬌st tj tbo spocc bls `j oﬆokt, jtbor tbl` tj ho stjrom n` tbo ruò. Ng
erju`m l`m spola nts kjddl`m wjrm, klusnè l <6-gjjt tbo ruò kl`„t bjcm tbo spocc, tbo spocc ns oxpo`mom wntbjut
rlmnus nddjhnco mjdo jg gjrko tj sprnè n`tj oxnsto`ko oﬆokt. ]bo covoc jg tbo spocc usom tj klst tbo spocc motor-
lrju`m l`m lhjvo yju tblt rodln`s stltnj`lry l`m clsts dnòs bjw dukb splko nt usos.
gjr < dnùto. ]bo mjdo lutjdltnklccy ropocs `j`dlenklc Ubnco yju lro wolrnè (lrdjr) jr wnocmnè (sbnocm) tbns
rlèom lttlkas lttodptnè tj plss tbrjueb nt, l`m tbo lrol ntod, yju kl` klst l`y spocc stjrom n` tbo ruòstjò. ]bo
n`snmo tbo mjdo ns kj`snmorom mn﬋kuct torrln` gjr bjstnco spocc usos tbo scjt covoc, spocc slvo MK, spocc lttlka hjùs,
krolturos. J`ko usom, tbns prjporty kl`„t ho usom leln` l`m spoccklstnè lhncnty jg tbo jrnen`lc klstor, hut ns jtbor-
u`tnc tbo gjccjwnè mlw`. wnso troltom ls ng yju klst tbo spocc. ]bo spocc klst grjd tbo
ruò ns `j cjèor stjrom n` nt, groonè up splko.
Horsoraor
Xuòstjò, rlro Kbljs
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolp j` Xuòstjò, u`kjddj`
Ubo` yju bnt l krolturo wntb t bns wolpj`, yju kl` Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolp j`
oxpo`m l ùdhor jg Bnt Mnko up tj blcg yjur kblrlktor L pjpuclr prjiokt ldjè lppro`tnko lrtn﬌ko rs, tbns ruò
covoc (rju`mom mjw`). Gjr olkb Bnt Mno spo`t tbns wly, odhjmnos tbo kbljs jg u`hju`m dlenk. Ubo` yju skjro
rjcc tbo mno l`m lmm nt tj tbo mldleo jg tbo lttlka. ^ju l krntnklc bnt wntb l` lttlka usnè tbns wolpj`, rjcc j` tbo
tlao l` ldju`t jg mldleo oqulc tj tbo mldleo molct n` Uncm Dlenk [ureo tlhco n` tbo Vclyor„s Bl`mhjja tj tj krolto
tbns wly, n`kcumnè l`y oxtrl mldleo grjd l krntnklc bnt. l dlenklc oﬆokt. Ng tbo oﬆokt ns l spocc tblt roqunros kj`ko`-
]bns mldleo tj yju kl`„
kl`„tt ho romukom
romuko m jr provo`tom n` l`y trltnj`, nt mjos`„t roqunro kj`ko`trltnj` n` tbns klso l`m
wly.. J`ko usom, tbns prjpo rty kl`„t ho usom leln` u`tnc tbo
wly clsts gjr nts gucc murltnj`.
gjccjwnè mlw`.
Mlywlcaor
Hcjjm Uolpj`
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj`
Xuòstjò, vor y rlro Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr wntb l bocdot jr bjjm
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc docoo wo lpj`
Ubnco wolrnè tbns lrdjr wntb tbo bjjm mrlw`, yju lro
Ubo` yju skjro l krntnk lc bnt wntb l` lttlka usnè t bns u`lﬆoktom hy tbo su`cnebt so`sntnvnty trlnt ng yju blvo nt.
wolpj`, yju roeln` l ùdhor jg bnt pjn`ts oqulc tj tbo
mldleo molct tj l dlxndud jg tbo bnt pjn`ts cjst hy tbo Moltb
tlreot. @j oﬆokt leln`st kj`strukts jr u`molm. Xuòstjò, rlro
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolp j`
Hju`m Lrdjr
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj` Uboòvor yju ancc l [dlcc jr Domnud budl`jnm wntb
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr l` lttlka usnè tbns wolpj`, nt rnsos nddomnltocy ls l
zjdhno u`mor yjur kj`trjc wntb < bnt pjn`t, ls por tbo X
Ls l hjùs lktnj` wbnco yju lro `„
`„tt wolrnè lrdjr, yju _
l`ndlto molm spocc.
spocc. ]bo krolturo usos tbo zjdhno stltns- @
kl` kluso tbns lrdjr tj lppolr n` l ﬈lsb jg cnebt lrju`m O
tnks. Nt rodln`s l`ndlto gjr < dnùto, lgtor wbnkb tndo nt D
yju”n`stl`tcy mj``nè nt. Lcsj ls l hjùs lktnj` wbnco yju kjcclpsos l`m mnos. L
lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju kl` kluso tbo lrdjr tj vl`nsb E
N
K
o`tnrocy, n`stl`tcy mj﬋è nt. Mnspclkodo`t
Xuòstjò, vor y rlro
Hju`m Uolpj`
Ntod9 L sunt jg cnebt jr domnud lrdjr
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj`
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolp j` Ubo` yju tlao mldleo grjd l wolpj` lttlka, yju k l` toco-
pjrt ;6 goot tj l` u`jkkupnom splko tblt yju kl` soo. J`ko
Ls l hjùs lktnj`, yju k l` kluso tbns wolpj` tj mnslppolr yju tocopjrt n` tbns wly, yju kl`„t
kl`„t mj sj leln` u`tnc tbo s tlrt
jr lppolr n`stl`tcy n` l groo bl`m. jg yjur òxt tur`.
Klt Mrlej`hlò
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj` Xuòstjò, vor y rlro
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolp j` Ntod9 L dlrtnlc wolpj`
Ubnco wnocmnè tbns wolpj`, ls l hjùs lktnj ` yju kl` Ubo` yju bnt l mrlej` wntb tbns wolpj`, nt tlaos l` oxtrl
lktnvlto tbns ruò hy spolanè nts kjddl`m pbrlso. Gjr 8m7 mldleo jg tbo wolpj`„s typo l`m dust sukkoom j` l
< bjur, yju kl` soo `jrdlccy n` mlraòss tj l mnstl`ko jg [troètb slvnè tbrjw jr nts ﬈ynè spoom (ng l`y) ns romukom
<86 goot. J`ko usom, tbns prjporty kl`„t ho usom leln` u`tnc tj 6 goot u`tnc tbo o`m jg nts òxt tur`. Ng tbo tlreot ns
tbo gjccjwnè mlw`. lnrhjrò, nt mosko`ms lt 76 goot por rju`m u`tnc nt rolkbos
tbo erju`m jr tbo oﬆokt o`ms. Gjr tbo purpjso jg tbns
Kblcnko
wolpj`, "mrlej`" rogors tj l`y krolturo wntb tbo mrlej`
Xuòstjò, rlro typo, n`kcumnè mrlej` turtcos l`m wyvor`s.
Ntod9 L`y lrdjr jr wolpj`
]bns ruòstjò stjros spoccs klst n`tj nt, bjcmnè tbod u`tnc
<>
Olrtbsblaor Ijuròy
Xuòstjò, vor y rlro Xuòstjò, rlro
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc docoo wolp j` wntb tbo Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr
bolvy prjporty
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yjur spoom n`krolsos
Ubnco yju lro wnocmnè tbns wolpj`, yju kl` uso l` lktnj` hy <6 goot. N` lmmntnj`, yju kl` trlvoc lt l glst plko
tj strnao l pjn`t j` tbo erju`m wntbn` rolkb, kroltnè l wntbjut suﬆornè tbo `jrdlc po `lcty tj plssnvo Unsmjd
sonsdnk mnsturhl`ko ls por tbo olrtbqulao
olrtbqulao spocc
spocc wntb l (Vokoptnj`) kbokas, l`m yjur gjjm l`m wltor roqunro-
murltnj` jg < rju`m. J`ko usom, tbns prjporty kl`„t ho usom do`ts lro blcvom.
leln` u`tnc tbo gjccjwnè mlw`.
A`jka
Ocodo`tlc [bnocm Xuòstjò, u`kjddj`
Xu`sostjò, u`kjddj` Ntod9 L elu`tcotom sunt jg lrdjr
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr j r l sbnocm
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju kl` rlp yjur ﬌st
Ubo` yju ﬌rst l﬋x tbns ruò tj l sunt jg lrdjr jr l sbnocm, j` l` jhiokt tj klst tbo a`jka
tbo a`jka spocc
spocc j` nt. J`ko usom, tbns
kbjjso jò jg tbo gjccjwnè mldleo typos9 lknm, kjcm, ﬌ro, prjporty kl`„t ho usom leln` u`tnc tbo gjccjwnè mlw`.
cnebt`nè, jr tbu`mor.
tbu`mor. Ubnco wolrnè (lrdjr) jr wnocmnè
(sbnocm) tbns ntod, wboòvor yju tlao mldleo jg tbo kbjso` Dleohlò
typo yju kl` uso yjur rolktnj` tj romuko tbo mldleo hy l` Xuòstjò, rlro
ldju`t oqulc tj twnko yjur kblrlktor covoc + yjur Kj`stn- Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolpj `
tutnj` djmn﬌or l`m suﬆor jò covoc jg oxblustnj`. ^ju kl` ]bns ruòstjò bls tbroo kblreos. Ubo` yju bnt l krolturo
kblèo tbo kbjso` mldleo typo jvor tbo kjurso jg l sbjrt wntb tbns wolpj`, yju kl` oxpo `m l kblreo tj kluso l`y
jr cjè rost hy spo`mnè lt colst ;6 dnùtos n` kj`tlkt spocc oﬆokts jg ;rm covoc jr cjwor j` tbo tlreot tj o`m. Lmmn-
wntb tbo ruòstjò.
tnj`lccy, gjr olkb spocc jg =tb covoc jr bnebor j` tbo tlreot,
dlao l` lhncnty kboka us nè yjur wolpj` lhncnty. ]bo MK
Goltborgjjt
oqulcs <6 + tbo spocc„s covoc. J` l sukkossguc kboka, tbo
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj`
spocc o`ms. ]bo ruòstjò roeln`s <m; oxpo`mom kblreos
mlncy lt mlw`.
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè (lrdjr) jr wnocmnè (wolpj` jr
sbnocm) tbns ntod, yju blvo l stl`mnè iudp mnstl`ko oqulc Dlrnòr
tj yjur kurro`t wlcanè spoom. Olkb gjjt yju kcolr wbnco Xuòstjò, kjddj`
iudpnè kjsts l gjjt jg djvodo`t, l`m yju kl`„t iudp Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolpj `
gurtbor tbl` yjur rodln`nè djvodo`t n` l tur`. ]bns wolpj` jr lddu`ntnj` ﬌rom wntb nt dlenklccy ropocs
wltor. Lttlka rjccs yju dlao usnè nt lr o`„
wltor. o`„tt dlmo wntb
Gjrko jg Uncc
mnslmvl`tleo gjr honè u`morwltor.
Xuòstjò, coeo`mlry
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr Dlra/ Xoklcc
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju kl`„t
kl`„t ho lﬆoktom hy Xuòstjò, vor y rlro
o`kbl`tdo`t dlenk u`coss yju kbjjso tj ho. Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr
K
N
E Enl`t [clyor Ubnco yju lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju kl` uso l` lktnj` tj
L dlenklccy dlra l surglko j` wbnkb yju lro stl`mnè.
D Xuòstjò, vor y rlro
O Ubnco l cjkltnj` ns dlraom n` tbns wly, yju kl` spo`m <
@ Ntod9 L dlrtnlc wolpj`
_ dnùto kj`ko`trltnè j` nt (ls ng kj`ko`trltnè j` l spocc).
X Ubo` yju bnt l enl`t wntb tbns wolpj`, nt tlaos l` oxtrl Lt tbo o`m jg tbo pornjm, yju l`m up tj ﬌vo wnccnè krol-
8m7 mldleo jg tbo wolpj`„
wolpj`„ss typo l`m dust sukkoom j ` l turos wntbn` ? goot jg yju tocopjrt tj tbo dlraom cjkltnj`,
[troètb slvnè tbrjw jr glcc prjò. Gjr tbo purpjso jg tbns l`m tbo dlra vl`nsbos. J`ko yju dlra l cjkltnj`, yju
wolpj`, "enl`t" rogors tj l`y krolturo wntb t bo enl`t typo, kl`„t mj sj leln` u`tnc tbo gjccjwnè mlw`. Ng yju dlra
n`kcumnè ottn`s l`m trjccs. l`jtbor cjkltnj` wbnco yju lcrolmy blvo l dlra, tbo jcmor
dlra vl`nsbos.
Bu`t
Xuòstjò, rlro Dndo
Ntod9 L sndpco jg dlrtnlc wolp j` wntb tbo lddu`n- Xuòstjò, coeo`mlry
tnj` prjporty Ntod9 L`y lrdjr jr wolpj`
Ubnco yju lro wnocmnè tbns wolpj`, yju kl` uso l` lktnj` ]bns ruòstjò ns lhco tj dndnk tbo prjportnos jg dlenk
j` yjur tur` tj dlra l krolturo yju kl` soo wntbn` >6 goot ntods. L krolturo kl` spo`m l sbjrt rost spo`t gjkusnè
jg yju. Gjr < bjur, wbo` yju bnt tbo dlraom kro lturo wntb j` l dlenk ntod l`m tbns ruòstjò. ]bo dlenk ntod dust
l rlèom lttlka usnè tbns wolpj` yju kl` uso l hjùs ho jg tbo sldo typo ls tbo typo jg oqunpdo`t tj wbnkb
lktnj` tj tocopjrt tj l` u`jkkupnom splko wntbn` ;6 goot jg tbns ruò ns l﬋xom. Gjkus usulccy tlaos tbo gjrd jg qunot
nt tblt yju kl` soo. J`ko usom, tbns prjporty kl`„t ho usom domntltnj` jr jtbor lpprjprnlto lktnvnty. Ng tbo sbjrt rost
leln` u`tnc tbo gjccjwnè mlw`. ns n`torruptom, tbo kjpynè prjkoss glncs. Jtborwnso, lt
tbo o`m jg tbo sbjrt rost tbo ruòstjò eln`s tbo prjpor-
tnos jg tbo dlenk ntod, oxkcumnè l`y ﬌xom hjùsos sukb
ls tbjso tj lttlka l`m mldleo rjccs, spocc slvo MK, l`m
86
Lrdjr Kclss. Ng l prjpo rty bls kblreos, nt ns kj pnom wntb `j tj tbo prj﬌kno`ky hjùs jg tbo krolturo lttuòm tj nt. Ubo`
rodln`nè kblreos. yju lro tlreotom hy l sp occ wbnco bjcmnè tbns wolpj`, tbo
J`cy tbo prjportnos jg jò dlenk ntod kl` ho kjpnom lt ruòstjò eln`s l ùdhor jg kblreos oqulc tj tbo covoc
l tndo. ]bo dndnkanè prjkoss jvorwrntos l`y oxnstnè jg tbo spocc, up tj tbo dlxndud tbo ruòstjò kl` bjcm.
kjpnom prjportnos. ]bo prjkoss lutjdltnklccy glncs wbo` Ubo` yju bnt l krolturo wntb l` lt tlka usnè tbns wolpj`,
lttodptnè tj dndnk tbo prjportnos jg lrtnglkts. yju kl` oxpo`m l`y ùdhor jg kblreos tj molc l` oxtr l
<m7 gjrko mldleo por kblreo oxpo`mom.
@j`motoktnj` ]bns ntod cjsos l`y lkkruom kblreos wbo` yju ﬌`nsb l
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj` sbjrt jr cjè rost.
]odpost
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè (lrdjr) jr wnocmnè (wolpj` jr
sbnocm) tbns ntod, yju lro bnmmo` grjd mnvn`ltnj` dlenk.
^ju
^ju kl`„t ho tlreotom hy sukb dlenk jr porkonvom tbrjueb
dlenklc skrynè so`sjrs. J`ko j` olkb jg yjur tur`s, wbo` yju bnt l krolturo wntb
tbns wolpj` yju kl` molc l` oxtrl <m<6 cnebt`nè mldleo.
Jvorsbnocm L` lrk jg cnebt`nè tbo` colps grj d tblt tlreot tj ls dl`y
Xuòstjò, vor y rlro ls tbroo lmmntnj`lc krolturos jg yjur kbjnko wntbn` ;6 goot
Ntod9 L sunt jg bolvy lrdjr jg nt, wbnkb lcsj tlao <m<6 cnebt`nè mldleo.
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju eln` 2 todpjrlry bnt
]bnog
pjn`ts lt tbo stlrt jg olkb jg yjur tur`s.
Xuòstjò, kjddj`
Vbjo`nx Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr
Xuòstjò, rlro L glvjrnto jg kutpurs os l`m tbnovos. J`ko por mly wbnco
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr wolrnè tbns lrdjr yju kl` rorj cc l glncom Moxtornty kboka.
Ng yju mj sj, yju dust uso tbo òw rjcc.
Ubo` yju„ro
yju„ro romukom tj 6 bnt pj n`ts l`m stlrt mynè wbnco
wolrnè tbns lrdjr, tbns ruò nddomnltocy klsts ﬌rohlcc
klsts ﬌rohlcc
Wjcl`t
ko`torom j` yju. Lt tbo stlrt jg yjur òxt tur`, n`stolm jg
rjccnè l moltb slvnè tbrjw, yju roeln` <m7 bnt pjn`ts.
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr
J`ko usom, tbns prjporty kl`„t ho usom leln` u`tnc tbo
gjccjwnè mlw`. Ubnco yju lro wolrnè tbns lrdjr, yju eln` l ﬈nebt (bjvor)
spoom oqulc tj twnko yjur wlcanè spoom.
Xotrnhutnj`
Xuòstjò, vor y rlro Ulrdleo
Ulrdleo
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr jr l sbnocm Xuòstjò, rlro
Ntod9 L sunt jg lrdjr jr l sbnocm
Ubnco yju lro wolrnè (lrdjr) jr wnocmnè (sbnocm) tbns
ntod, wboòvor yju tlao mldleo grjd l krolturo yju blvo ]bns ruòstjò bls tbroo kblreos. Ubnco yju lro wolrnè
lmvl`tleo j` yjur òxt lttlka rjcc leln`st krolturos jg tblt (lrdjr) jr wnocmnè (sbnocm) tbns ntod l`m glnc l kj`ko`trl-
typo hogjro tbo o`m jg yjur òxt tur`. tnj` slvnè tbrjw tblt yju dlao tj dln`tln` kj`ko`trltnj`
X
j` l spocc muo tj tlanè mldleo, yju kl` oxpo`m l kblreo _
@
[orpo`t ls l rolktnj` tj rorjcc tbo slvnè tbrjw. Ng yju mj sj, yju O
Xuòstjò, u`kjddj` dust uso tbo òw rjcc. D
L
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolp j` ^ju
^ju kl` oxpo`m l spocc scjt jg <st covoc jr bnebor tj E
N
rokjvor l` oxpo`mom kblreo. K
Ubo` yju bnt l krolturo wntb t bns wolpj`, yju kl` lttodpt
tj pjnsj` nt. ]bo tlreot dust sukkoom j` l Kj`stntutnj`
Ulrrnjr
Ulrrnjr
slvnè tbrjw jr hokjdo pjnsjòm gjr < dnùto. ]bo
Xuòstjò, kjddj`
krolturo kl` ropolt tbo slvnè tbrjw lt tbo o`m jg olkb
jg nts tur`s. J` l sukkoss, tbo oﬆokt o`ms. J`ko usom, tbns
prjporty kl`„t ho usom leln` u`tnc tbo gjccjwnè mlw`. Vjpuclr ldjè dorko`lrnos l`m sjcmnors, tbns ruòstjò
o`suros yju aoop yjur swjrm n` yjur bl`m. Ubnco yju
[juctrlp lro wnocmnè tbns wolpj`, yju kl`„t ho mnslrdom jg tbns
Xuòstjò, rlro wolpj` wbnco yju lro kj`sknj us.
Ujcgshlò
Ubo` yju ancc l krolturo wntb l kblccoèo rl tnè oqulc tj
Xuòstjò, vor y rlro
jr bnebor tbl` yjur covoc wntb tbns wolpj`, yju roeln` jò
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc docoo wo lpj`
oxpo`mom spocc scjt. ]bns spocc kl`„t ho jg l covoc bnebor
tbl` yjur prj﬌kno`ky hjùs. J`ko usom, tbns prjporty kl`„t N` mlraòss, tbo u`sboltbom hclmo jr bolm jg tbns wolpj`
ho usom leln` u`tnc tbo gjccjwnè mlw`. sboms djj`cnebt, kroltnè hrnebt cnebt n` l <?-gjjt rlmnus
l`m mnd cnebt gjr l` lmmntnj`lc <? goot. N` lmmntnj`, wbo`
[uporkj`muktjr yju bnt l sblpokblèor wntb tbns wolpj`, nt tlaos l` oxtrl
Xuòstjò, rlro 8m7 mldleo l`m dust sukkoom j` l Kj`stntutnj` slvnè
Ntod9 L sndpco jr dlrtnlc wolp j` tbrjw. J` l glncuro, nt nddomnltocy lssudos nts truo gjrd ng
]bns ruòstjò klpturos l`m stjros dlenklc pjto`tnlc gjr nt wls sblpokblèom l`m nt kl`„t sblpokblèo u`tnc tbo
o`m jg nts òxt tur`.
sbjrt-tord uso, l`m kl` bjcm l ùdhor jg spocc covocs oqulc
8<
�p
�ppΐ�mnΐs @
O
[
M
@
_
D
L
@
O
W
O
Lppo`mnx L9 Uolpj`
Uolpj` _perlmo L`lcysns
L`lcysns
]bns lppo`mnx mnskussos tbo dltbodltnklc rolsj`nè l`m jtbor glktjrs kj`kor`nè tbo wolpj` uperlmo systod.
]bo @udhors
]bo gjccjwnè tlhco proso`ts tbo lvorleo mldleo molct por lttlka hy l ?tb covoc kblrlktor (+= lhncnty djmn﬌or) gjr l wolpj`
wntb olkb uperlmo n`mnvnmulccy (`j jtbor uper lmos) usnè j` l Dj`to Klrcj snducltnj` j g ?6,666 rju`ms jg ltt lkas leln`st l
@jrdlc Mnstrnhutnj` jg KX-lpprjprnlto oòdnos gjr tblt covoc (djmoc lssudos l dol` LK jg <? wntb l <.? [tl`mlrm
Movnltnj`.) Gjr olso jg kjdplrnsj`, l hlsocnò (`j uperlmos) ns proso`tom gjccjwnè tbo sldo dotbjmjcjey9
N�� _�� K��

Uolpj` Mno Hlsocnò Hlcl`kom Krntnklc Uju`mnè Hrutlc [lwtjjtbom [upornjr Dlstorwjra
Dl
� �.� �.� �.� �.� @/L @/L �.� �.�
�m� �.� �.� �.� �.� �.� �.�* �.� �.�
�m� �.� �.� �.� �.� �.� @/L �.� �.�
�m� �.� �.� �.� �.� �.� @/L �.� �.�
�m�� .� �.� �.� �.� �.� @/L �.� �.�
�m�� .� �.� �.� �.� �.� @/L @/L �.�
�m� �.� �.� �.� �.� �.� @/L @/L �.�
* Lvorleo mldleo ropjrtom gjr tbo slw-tjjtbom tle

tle lssudos ��% lppcnklhncnty (`j u`molm jr kj`strukt tlreots).
N` lmmntnj`, tbo gjccjwnè tlhco proso`ts tbo lvorleo mldleo jg l guccy-uperlmom wolpj` leln`st l hlsocnò +; dlenk
wolpj` gjr vlrnjus klt oejrnos jg wolpj` erj upom hy mno snzo l`m lvlnclhco uperlmo dnx lt <?tb covoc (+? lhncnty djmn﬌or
djmn﬌or,,
djmoc lssudos l dol` LK jg <2 wntb l 8.6 [tl`mlrm Movnltnj`) gjccjwnè tbo sldo dotbjmjcjey9
G�� _�� U�� K��

Uolpj` Uolpj` Mno _perlmom +� Uolpj` Mnﬆoro`ko Kjst
Hcjweu` � �.� �.� (�.�) ��,�� ep
Kcuh, cnebt blddor, snkaco, wbnp �m� ��.� �.� �.� ��,�� ep
Mleeor �m� ��.� �.� �.� ��,�� ep
Mlrt, scnè �m� �.� �.� (�.�) ��,�� ep
Bl`mlxo, ilvocn`, dlko, qulrtorstlﬆ, skndntlr, sbjrtswjrm, �m� ��.� �.� �.� ��,�� ep*
spolr, trnmo`t
Bl`m krjsshjw, sbjrthjw �m� �.� �.� (�.�) ��,�� ep
Hlttcolxo, eroltkcuh, cjèswjrm, djr`nèstlr
djr`nèstlr,, rlpnor, wlr �m� ��.� ��.� �.� ��,�� ep
pnka, wlrblddor
Cnebt krjsshjw, cjèhjw �m� �.� ��.� (�.�) ��,�� ep
Eclnvo, blchorm, pnao �m�� .� ��.� �.� ��,�� ep
Bolvy krjsshjw �m�� .� ��.� (�.�) ��,�� ep
Eroltlxo, cl`ko �m�� .� ��.� �.� ��,�� ep
Eroltswjrm, dluc �m� ��.� ��.� �.� ��,�� ep*
tbo ﬈lèom tle
* Lmmntnj`lccy, tbo ﬈lèom tle ns lvlnclhco tj dlkos l`m dlucs lt l ﬌`lc lmmntnj`lc kjst jg �,�� l`m �,�� ep, rospoktnvocy.
Mosne` @jtos
Vjwor Kroop. L guccy-uperlmom 8m7 wolpj`”tbo bnebost lvorleo mldleo”ns oqulc tj tbo hlsocnò tj wntbn` jò mokndlc
pclko, sbjwnè tblt tbo uperlmo systod mjos`„t oxkoom dlenklc wolpj`s lt tbo tjp o`m. N` lmmntnj`, tboro ns l` n`krolsnè
rocltnvo ndprjvodo`t gjr wolpj`s wntb cjwor lvorleo mldleo, wbnkb bocps tj rowlrm l`m n`ko`tnvnzo tbonr uso.
Erolt Uolpj`s. L
Uolpj`s. L guccy-uperlmom <m<8 wolpj` pjssossos bnebor lvorleo mldleo tbl` l` oqunvlco`t 8m7 wolpj` muo tj
strjèor syòrey wntb tbo hrutlc tle.
tle. ]bns proso`ts tbo pclyor wntb l` n`torostnè kbjnko9 bnebor n`ntnlc mldleo (8m7) vorsus
bnebor lvorleo ﬌`lc mldleo (<m<8). Gurtbordjro, tbo 8m7 dluc hoò﬌ts tbo òw snoeo prjporty (ng yju lro usnè tbo òw
wolpj` prjportnos) l`m lcsj bls lkkoss tj t bo bo ﬈lèom
﬈lèom uperlmo”jﬆornè
uperlmo”jﬆornè l` lttrlktnvo jptnj` lt l` lmmntnj`lc kjst. L
V
Eclnvo, Blchorm, l`m Vnao. ]boso
Vnao. ]boso wolpj`s kl` dltkb l eroltlxo gjr l` lmmntnj`lc kjst jg =,666 ep. Gu`ktnj`lccy, tbns ns V
O
=,666 ep gjr tbo rolkb prjporty lt tbo ﬌`nsb cnò, wbnkb ns ﬌ò. @
M
Xlèom Uolpj`s. Hcjweu`s
Uolpj`s. Hcjweu`s l`m mlrts lro sne`n﬌kl`tcy hocjw tbo hlsocnò, hut eln` oxkcusnvo lkkoss tj pjworguc òw N
K
typos jg spoknlc lddu`ntnj`. Hjws l`m krjsshjws lro lcsj hocjw tbo hlsocnò, l`m lro cnaownso lkkju`tom gjr hy tbo lvlnc- O
[
lhncnty jg spoknlc lddu`ntnj`. N` hjtb klsos, tbo cjwor tjtlc kjst jg uperlmnè ns jﬆsot hy tbo lmmntnj`lc kjst jg lddu`ntnj`.
Mleeors. Mleeors
Mleeors. Mleeors hoò﬌t grjd l` oxkoptnj`lc rocltnvo n`krolso jvor tbo hlsocnò tblàs tj oxkcusnvo lkkoss tj tbo
slw-tjjtbom tle.
tle. ]bns ns porsj`lc tlsto, hut nts lcwlys hjtborom do tblt tbo nkj`nk mleeor ns sj dokbl`nklccy suhjptndlc gjr
l rjeuo. ]bns kcjsos tbo elp tj tbo rlpnor suhsl`tnlccy wntbjut tbo òom gjr l` orrltl jg j﬋knlc dltornlc, l`m lcsj prjvnmos
tbo mleeor wntb sjdo u`nquo ﬈lvjr.
8;
Lppo`mnx H9 Uolpj`
Uolpj` _perlmo \unka Xogoro`ko
Xogoro`ko
]bo tlhcos n` tbns lppo`mnx lro n`to`mom ls kj`vo`no`t rogoro`ko gjr pclyors wbo` motordn`nè lvlnclhco uperlmos gjr olkb
wolpj` typo, tbo prj koss gjr wbnkb ns moskr nhom n` kblptor <.
U�� _�� \�� X�� (�� ]��)

Krntnklc” Krntnklc” Krntnklc” Uju`mnè Uju`mnè
Uolpj` Hlcl`kom [blrpoòm [nebt pn` [pnaom Xu`nk [ncvorom ”Aoo` ”Jncom str.
Kcuh V V V V V
Mleeor V V V V V
Eroltkcuh V V V V V
Bl`mlxo V V V V V
Ilvocn` V V V V V
Cnebt blddor V V V V V
Dlko V V V V V
\ulrtorstlﬆ V V V V V
[nkaco V V V V V
[polr V V V V V

Krjsshjw, cnebt V V V V V
Mlrt V V V
[bjrthjw V V V V V
[cnè V V V

Hlttcolxo V V V V V
Gclnc V V V V V
Eclnvo V V V V V
Eroltlxo V V V V V
Eroltswjrm V V V V V
Blchorm V V V V V
Cl`ko V V V V V
Cjèswjrm V V V V V
Dluc V V V V V
Djr`nèstlr V V V V V
Vnao V V V V V
Xlpnor V V V V V
[kndntlr V V V V V
[bjrtswjrm V V V V V
]rnmo`t V V V V V
Ulr pnka V V V V V
Ulrblddor V V V V V
Ubnp V V V V V

Hcjweu` V V V
Krjsshjw, bl`m V V V V V
Krjsshjw, bolvy V V V V V
Cjèhjw V V V V V
[
O @ot V V V
K
N
M
@
O
V
V
L
8=
U�� _�� \�� X�� (�� ]��)
[lw- Dlstor- ]jtlc Kjst”Lcc
Uolpj` Hrutlc Gclèom Dlenklc tjjtbom [upornjr wjra _perlmos* _perlmos
Kcuh V V V V � ��,�� ep
Mleeor V V V V V �� ,�� ep
Eroltkcuh V V V V � ��,�� ep
Bl`mlxo V V V V � ��,�� ep
Ilvocn` V V V V � ��,�� ep
Cnebt blddor V V V V � ��,�� ep
Dlko V V V V V �� ,�� ep
\ulrtorstlﬆ V V V V � ��,�� ep
[nkaco V V V V � ��,�� ep
[polr V V V V � ��,�� ep
Krjsshjw, cnebt V V V � ��,�� ep
Mlrt V V V � ��,�� ep
[bjrthjw V V V � ��,�� ep
[cnè V V V � ��,�� ep
Hlttcolxo V V V V � ��,�� ep
Gclnc V V V V � ��,�� ep
Eclnvo V V V V � ��,�� ep
Eroltlxo V V V � ��,�� ep
Eroltswjrm V V V � ��,�� ep
Blchorm V V V V � ��,�� ep
Cl`ko V V V � ��,�� ep
Cjèswjrm V V V V � ��,�� ep
Dluc V V V V � ��,�� ep
Djr`nèstlr V V V V � ��,�� ep
Vnao V V V V � ��,�� ep
Xlpnor V V V V � ��,�� ep
[kndntlr V V V V � ��,�� ep
[bjrtswjrm V V V V � ��,�� ep
]rnmo`t V V V V � ��,�� ep
Ulr pnka V V V V � ��,�� ep
Ulrblddor V V V V � ��,�� ep
Ubnp V V V V � ��,�� ep
Hcjweu` V V V � ��,�� ep
Krjsshjw, bl`m V V V � ��,�� ep
Krjsshjw, bolvy V V V � ��,�� ep
Cjèhjw V V V � ��,�� ep L
V
@ot V � �,�� ep V
O
@
M
N
K
O
[
8?
Lppo`mnx K9 Xuòsdntbnè
Xuòsdntbnè Vrjhlhncnty ]lhcos
]bo tlhcos n` tbns lppo`mnx lro n`to`mom ls kj`vo`no`t rogoro`ko gjr pclyors tj qunkacy motordnò tbo kbl`kos jg sukkoss jg
l envo` krlgtnè lttodpt. Gjr ovory lmmntnj`lc +< hjùs tj tbo rjcc, tbo jmms jg sukkoss lro n`krolsom hy ?%.
X�� [�� X�� ” V��

Vrj﬌kno`ky Lhncnty Kjddj` _`kjddj` Xlro Wory Xlro Coeo`mlry
Covoc Hjùs Djmn﬌or* MK �� MK �� MK �� MK �� MK ��
�st +� +� ��% ��% ��% �% �%
�`m +� +� ��% ��% ��% �% �%
�rm +� +� ��% ��% ��% �% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
X�� [�� X�� ” M�� V��

Vrj﬌kno`ky Lhncnty Kjddj` _`kjddj` Xlro Wory Xlro Coeo`mlry
Covoc Hjùs Djmn﬌or* MK �� MK �� MK �� MK �� MK ��
�st +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�`m +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�rm +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% �%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
�tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
[ ��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
O
K
N ��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
M
@ ��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
O
V
V ��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
L
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
��tb +� +� ��% ��% ��% ��% ��%
* Lssudos Moxtornty jr N`toccneo`ko ls l prndlry lhncnty skjro wntb l typnklc rlto jg prjerossnj` usnè tbo [tl`mlrm Lrrly.
87
Lppo`mnx M9 GL\
GL\
]bns lppo`mnx sooas tj kclrngy sjdo jg tbo djst kjddj` Kl` n Krolto Dy Jw` _perlmo ]les:
quornos grjd usors jg tbns suppcodo`t. \uostnj`s lro
Lhsjcutocy! Gjr lrdjr tboro ns `j nssuo hoklus o (lrdjr
proso`tom n` tbo `lturlc jrmor tboy dnebt jkkur wbnco
prjj﬌è `jtwntbstl`mnè) lvlnclhco uperlmos lro n`mopo`-
rolmnè tbo toxt.
mo`t jg jò l`jtbor. Gjr wolpj`s, tbo kjst-mjuhcnè `lturo
Uby Hlso tbo [ystod j` Djòy: jg tbo systod o`suros tblt yju kl` aoop lmmnè uperlmos
hoyj`m wblt„s proso`tom wbnco aoopnè l`y pjwor kr oop
N` sbjrt, hokluso tblt„s wblt djòy ns gjr9 l u`nvorslc kjst-lpprjprnlto (n.o. oxpjò`tnlc). Gjr oxldpco, yju kjucm
domnud jg oxkblèo gjr ejjms l`m sorvnkos. Nt„s glr djro krolto l òw <st tnor gjkus
tnor gjkus tle
tle tblt o`lhcos l wolpj` tj ho
hocnovlhco tbl` lctor`ltnvo systods cnao oxpjò`tnlc (l`m usom ls l spoccklstnè gjkus gjr yjur spoccs.
jgto` u`rolsj`lhco) tndo sklcnè jr lrhntrlry covoc-cjkanè. Gurtbordjro, yju kl` sklco tbo wolpj` uperlmo systod
]boso lctor`ltnvos lro dokbl`nklccy ﬌ò
dokbl`nklccy ﬌ò,, hut tboy gooc
tboy gooc vory
vory n`tj opnk covocs hy kroltnè l òw =tb tnor wntb l hlso kjst
dukb cnao lrtn﬌knlc rostrnktnj`s (hokluso tboy lro). jg <66,666 ep, l`m ovo` l ?tb tnor wntb l hlso kjst jg
Gurtbordjro, usnè djòy lccjws pclyors tj dlao <,666,666 ep”tbjueb prosudlhcy tboso tnors lro hoyj`m
u`nvorslc vlcuo iumeodo`ts. Kjucm tbo ﬌ebtor pjto`tnlccy tbo sanccsot jg ovo` l dlstor lrtnsl`, l`m tbo erjup wncc
uperlmo tbonr wolpj` lt l glstor-tbl`-l`tnknpltom rlto: òom tj o`trolt l bnebor pjwor gjr lssnstl`ko!
Lhsjcutocy”ng tbo erjup ns wnccnè tj ply tbo jppjrt u`nty
kjst (n.o. coss ejcm gjr jtbor tbnès), wbnkb bls l rnppco Uby Kl`„t l Kblrlktor Krlgt
Krlgt _perlmos:
oﬆokt glr hoyj`m tbo hju`mlrnos jg tbns systod. ]bo djro Bjòstcy, hokluso N blvo`„t
blvo`„t gju`m l wly t j dlao nt wjra
tbnès yju kl` bntkb tj djòy, tbo djro vlculhco l`m n`tor- n` cnebt jg tbo lrtn﬌kor„s tjjc oxportnso. Nt wls moknmom
ostnè djòy hokjdos! Ls stltom n` tbo n`trjmuktnj`, tbns tj oxkcumo sukb rucos o`tnrocy rltbor tbl` dummy tbo
ns dy ﬌rst sukb suppcodo`t tj ho rocolsom j` tbo Muèoj` kjdpcoto wjra wntb soktnj` tblt roqunros
tblt roqunros sne`n﬌kl`t
sne`n﬌kl`t orrltl
Dlstors Euncm, hut nt wncc `jt ho tbo clst. tj l kjro kclss golturo. Ng l systod tlaos sblpo tblt doots
tbo stl`mlrm jg tbo rost jg tbo wjra, nt wncc ho dlmo lvlnc-
Ld n Lwlrmnè
Lwlrmnè O`jueb
O`jueb Djòy:
Djòy: lhco n` l guturo rovnsnj` jr djmostcy-prnkom oxpl`snj`.
]bo host l`swor tj tbns quostnj` ns ng tbo plrty bls o`jueb
tj lﬆjrm sjdo
sjdo jg
jg tbo (covoc-lpprjprnlto) tbnès tboy wl`t
Uby Kl`„t Cnebt Lrdjr ho _perlmom
_perlmom ls
hut `jt ovorytbnè
ovorytbnè tbo`
tbo` yju„ro j` tbo rnebt trlka jr tboro- Dukb ls Bolvy Lrdjr:
lhjuts. ]bns suppcodo`t ns hlsom j` tbo rocovl`t soktnj`s L hoò﬌t jg tbo lrdjr u perlmo systod ns nt envos bolvy
jg tbo Muèoj`
tbo Muèoj` Dlstor„s Eunmo,
Eunmo, n`kcumnè tbo oxpoktom lrdjr l hnt djro vlcuo tbl` u`mor tbo mogluct rucos, wbnco
rlto jg lkkrulc jg wolctb usnè tbo ]rolsuro Bjlrm tlhcos lcsj lmmnè l`jtbor clyor jg rolcnsd. Ng yju mj`„t cnao nt, tbo
tboron`. ]bns dol`s tblt”usom stl`mlcjò”tbns suppco- pjwor ns yjurs.
do`t sbjucm put yju j` tblt rnebt trlka. Ng, bjwovor, yju
n`kjrpjrlto lmmntnj`lc djòy snàs (gjr oxldpco, tbjso ]bo Duggcom ]le
]le Jvorclps wntb tbo Domnud
n` [trjèbjcms & Gjccjwors)
Gjccjwors) tbo` kj`snmor n`krolsnè Lrdjr Dlstor Golt!
Golt!
djòy-rowlrms lkkjrmnècy”porblps hy n`krolsnè tbo
ldju`t jg kjn` lwlrmom l`m mokrolsnè tbo dlenk ntods ^ju blvo l aoo` oyo, Ultsj`!
^ju Ultsj`! N`moom, wbnco N„d usulccy
cjltbo tj hogjuc j﬋knlc dltornlc n` tbns wly (jvorclppnè
lwlrmom hy l kjddo`surlto ldju`t (jr lccjwnè tbo
jr romu`ml`t golturos l`m sukb), lgtor dukb kj`snmorltnj`
erjup tj socc l`y surpcus dlenk ntods). Lcc N kl` jﬆor
tbo du﬍om
tbo du﬍om tle
tle rodln`s tj dy oyo tbo djro `lturlc dol`s
boro ns tblt yju oxorknso iumeodo`t hlsom j` yjur n`mn-
jg jhtln`nè tbns plrtnkuclr hoò﬌t. Ls sukb, n` eldos tblt
vnmulc òoms.
uso golts kj`snmor ropclknè tbo ﬌rst huccot jg tbo Domnud
Kl` N Dlao Dlenk Ntods _perlmlhco: Lrdjr Dlstor golt wnt b tbo gjccjwnè9
ôs! ]bo systod kl` olsncy lkkjddjmlto tbns. ^jur

ôs! • N`krolso yjur Moxtornty skjro hy <, tj l dlxndud jg 86.
stlrtnè pjn`t wjucm ho tj ﬌rst rokrolto tbo ntod ls kcjsocy
Kl` N Krolto Djro Xuòstjòs:
ls pjssnhco usnè l hlso wolpj` l`m l`y kjdhn`ltnj` jg
uperlmo tles. Gjr oxldpco, yju wjucm rokrolto tbo mleeor @ow ruòstjòs lro lcwlys honè kroltom jr mnskjvorom
jg vo`jd grjd tbo Muèoj`
tbo Muèoj` Dlstor„s Eunmo ls
Eunmo ls gjccjws9 hy dodhors jg tbo Xuòsdntb„s
Xuòsdntb„s Euncm! Dlenk nt ods lro l
• Lmm tbo sncvorom l`m dlenklc
l`m dlenklc tles
tles tj jvorkjdo rosns- pjpuclr ﬌ocm jg stumy, dol`nè l` olsy wly tj krolto yjur
jw` ruòstjòs ns tj uso tbo prjportnos jg yjur glvjrnto
tl`ko l`m nddu`nty tj `j`dlenklc lttlkas l`m mldleo.
dlenk ntods. Ubj a`jws, dlyho l hju`ty ns jﬆorom hy
• Lmm hjtb tbo hlcl`kom l`m
l`m wju`mnè”aoo`
wju`mnè”aoo` tles
tles tj tbo euncm gjr dlenk ntods wntb u`mnskjvorom prjportnos jr
eln` l +< hjùs tj lttlkas l`m mldleo dlmo wntb tbns wncc lkkopt mj`ltnj`s j g sukb ntods gjr stu my”jﬆornè tbo
wolpj`. mj`jr l ruòstjò ndhuom wntb nts dlenklc prjportnos j`ko L
V
• Lmm tbo
tbo ru`nk
ru`nk tle
tle l`m krolto l` lpprjprnlto ruò wntb tboy blvo hoo` mokjmom. V
O
tbo prjportnos jg tbo pjnsj`nè lktnj` moskrnhom n` tbo @
M
ntod toxt. K�� GL\! N
K
O
]bo lhjvo rokroltos l mleeor wntb lcc jg tbo prjportnos Ng yju blvo l quostnj` jr wjucm cnao tj kj`trnhuto tj tbo [
jg tbo mleeor jg vo`jd. ]bo rokroltom ntod roqunros kj`tnùom movocjpodo`t jg tbns suppcodo`t, wo'm ho
lttuòdo`t hy tbo wnocmor tj eln` tbo hoò﬌ts jg tbo mocnebtom tj wockjdo yju tj jur Mnskjrm sorvor!
sorvor! Kj`trnhutjrs
wncc ho `ldom n` tbo kromnts soktnj` jg l`y guturo rovnsnj`s,
l﬋xom ruò, hut nt ns `jw uperlmlhco!
wntb bocpguc quostnj`s honè lmmom tj tbns GL\.
85

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