PERPETUAL SUCCOUR ACADEMY, INC.

National Road, Poblacion Dos, Malabuyoc, Cebu 6029

TEACHER-MADE LEARNER’S HOME TASK

(Definition and Graphing of a Circle)

Name: ____________________________________ Duration: One Week

Subject: PRE-CALCULUS Level: Beginner Schedule: Week One

Learning Competency:
1. Define a circle.
2. Graph a circle given an equation in center-radius form
Before going into the definition of a circle, let us watch a video for learning competency # 2:
https://www.expii.com/t/finding-the-center-and-radius-of-a-circle-5106
The definition of a circle is as simple as the shape. A circle is the set of all points that are
at a certain distance from a center point. This definition is what gives us the concept of the
radius of a circle, which is equal to that certain distance.
Now, let us understand the key takeaways prior to our discussion on a circle.
Key Points
 A circle is defined as the set of points that are a fixed distance from a center point.
 The distance formula can be extended directly to the definition of a circle by noting that the
radius is the distance between the center of a circle and the edge.
 The general equation for a circle, centered at (a, b) with radius r, is the set of all point (x, y)
such that (x – y)2 + (y – b)2 = r2
 Pi (π) is the ratio of a circle’s circumference to the diameter.
Key Terms
 diameter: Two times the radius of a circle.
 area: The interior surface of a circle, given by A = πr2
 circle: A two-dimensional geometric figure, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane
that are equally distant from another point.
 radius: A line segment between any point on the circumference of a circle and its center.
Since we know a circle is the set of points a fixed distance from a center point, let us look at how we
can construct a circle in a Cartesian coordinate plane with variables x and y. To find a formula for
this, suppose that the center is the point (a, b). According to the distance formula, the distance c
from the point (a, b) to any other point (x, y) is:

if we now square this equation on both sides, we have:

Remember that the distance between the center (a, b) and any point (x, y) on the circle is that fixed
distance, which is called the radius, r. So, let us change this equation so that it uses r instead of c.
r2 = (x – a)2 + (y – b)2
This is the general formula for a circle with center (a, b) with radius r. Notice that all we have done
is slightly rearrange the distance formula equation.

Graph of a circle: The circle with center (a, b) is graphed in the

Cartesian plane.

Page 1 of 6
Parts of a Circle

Now that we have an algebraic foundation for the circle, let us connect it to what we already know
about some different parts of the circle.

Diameter
The diameter is any straight line that passes through the center of the circle. It is equal to twice the
radius, so:
d = 2r
Circumference
The circumference is the length of the path around the circle. Algebraically it is given by:

c = 2πr

Area
The area of a circle is given by: A = πr2

Notice that the radius is the only defining parameter for the size of any circle, and so it is the only
variable that the area depends on. Notice that the radius is the only defining parameter for the size
of any circle, and so it is the only variable that the area depends on.

Circles are all around you in everyday life, from tires on cars to buttons on coats, as well as on the
tops of bowls, glasses, and water bottles. Ellipses are less common. One example is the orbits of
planets, but you should be able to find the area of a circle or an ellipse, or the circumference of a
circle, based on information given to you in a problem. Circles and ellipses are examples of conic
sections, which are curves formed by the intersection of a plane with a cone.

Let us apply what we have learned about circles.

Problem # 1:
Let us say you are a gardener, and you have just planted a lot of flowers that you want to water.
The flower bed is 15 feet wide, and 15 feet long. You are using a circular sprinkler system, and the
water reaches 6 feet out from the center. The sprinkler is located, from the bottom left corner of the
bed, 7 feet up, and 6 feet over.

 If the flower bed were a graph with the bottom left corner being the origin, what would the
equation of the circle be?
 What is the area being watered by the sprinkler?
 What percentage of the garden that is being watered?

Answer

If the bottom left corner is the origin, it has coordinates (0, 0). From there the sprinkler is 6 feet
over, so the x-coordinate of the center is 6. The sprinkler is 7 feet up, so the y-coordinate of the
center is 7. Ergo, the center of the circle is at coordinate (6, 7). The water reaches 6 feet out from
the sprinkler, so the circle radius is 6 feet. Therefore, the equation of this circle is:

(x – 6)2 + (y – 7)2 =36

The area that is watered by the sprinkler can be labeled Asprinkler, and is:

Asprinkler = π·r2
= π·62
= 36π
The first step to finding the percentage of the garden that is being watered is to check that none of
the water is falling outside the garden. The sprinkler is at coordinate (6, 7), and the radius of the
sprinkler is 6 feet. You can test that the water does not fall outside the 15 × 15 garden.

Page 2 of 6
Once we know that the area that is watered is completely inside the garden, the percentage of the
garden that is watered can be found by dividing the area watered by the total area of the garden,
and then multiplying by 100 %:

Problem # 2
Now, let’s take it the other way. (x − 4)2 + (y + 8)2 = 49 is the equation for a circle.
 What are the coordinates of the center of the circle?
 What is the radius?
 Draw the circle.
 Find two points on the circle and plug them into the equation to make sure your drawing is
correct.
Answer
The center of the circle can be found by comparing the equation in this exercise to the equation of a
circle:
(x - h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
The center of the circle is at coordinate (h, k), and so the center of the circle in this exercise is at
(4, −8).
The radius of the circle is r. From the equation of a circle, r2 = 49. Therefore:

Problem 2 circle: Graph of the circle (x – 4)2 + (y + 8) = 49

There are many points you could choose. For example, the point (4, −1) is at the top of the circle.
Plugging this into the equation, we get:

Page 3 of 6
The left side is equal to the right side of the equation, and so this is a valid point on the circle.
The leftmost point on the circle is (−3, -8). Plugging this into the equation:

The left side is equal to the right side of the equation, and so this is a valid point on the circle.
Problem # 3

Notice that each term is a perfect square, which gives:

(x + 2)2 + (y + 6)2
This is now in the standard form for the equation of a circle.
The center of the circle is at the coordinate, (h, k), and so the center of the circle in this problem is
at (-2, -6).
The radius of the circle is r. From the equation of the circle, r = 10. Therefore,
r2 = 10
r = √ 10
It is fine to leave the value of r in this form

Problem # 3 circle: Graph of the circle

2x2 + 2y2 + 8x + 24y + 60 = 0
There are many points you could choose.
For example, (−5, −5) and (−3, −9):

Page 4 of 6
 Both are valid points on the circle.
Let us have another Practice Test to hone our mind on the topic.
Problem # 1:

The circle has a diameter of 14 inches. What is the circumference?

Use 22/7 as an approximation of pi (π).
.
A. 44 inches B. 50 inches
C. 88 inches D. 154 inches

Problem # 2:

The circle has radius 21 centimeters. What is the circumference?

Use 22/7 as an approximation of pi (π).
A. 66 cm B. 132 cm
C. 198 cm D. 346.5 cm

Problem # 3

The circle has a diameter of 14 inches. What is the area?

Use 22/7 as an approximation of pi (π).
A. 44 inches2 B. 154 inches2
C. 484 inches2 D. 516 inches2

Problem # 4

The circle has 21 centimeters radius. What is the area?

Use 22/7 as an approximation of pi (π).
A. 132 cm2 B. 346.5 cm2
C. 1,386 cm2 D. 5,544 cm2

Problem # 5
A circular pond has a radius of 10 feet. What is the circumference of the pond?
Use 3.14 as an approximation for π.
A. 314 feet B. 157 feet C. 62.8 feet D. 31.4 feet
Page 5 of 6
Problem # 6
A circular table has diameter 1.4 m. What is the area of the top of the table?
Use (22/7) as an approximation for π.
A. 15.4 m2 B. 6.16 m2 C. 4.4 m2 D. 1.54 m2
Problem # 7
A circular garden has a radius of 21 m
The owner wants to put a plastic edge around the garden, so wants to know what is the
circumference of the garden?
Use (22/7) as an approximation for π.
A. 66 m B. 132 m C. 346.5 m D. 1,386 m
Problem # 8
The diagram shows a semicircular carpet with diameter 7 ft. What is the
area of the carpet?
Use (22/7) as an approximation for π
A. 19.25 ft2 B. 38.5 ft2
C. 77 ft2 D. 154 ft2

Problem # 9
The diagram shows two circles with center O.
The radius of the outer circle is 3 units and the radius of the inner
circle is 2 units.
What is the area of the shaded ring (annulus)?
A. 4π B. 5π
C. 9π D. 13π

Problem # 10

The diagram shows a logo design consisting of two circles joined.

The top circle has radius 3 units and center O.
The bottom circle has radius 5 units and center P.

What is the area of the logo?

A. 9π B. 16π

C. 25π D. 34π

Page 6 of 6