Chapter 1 - Introduction To Python

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Python for Data Science

Jamil Saudagar

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Introduction and History
• Python was developed by Guido Van Rossum in the year 1991 at the Center for Mathematics and Computer
Science

• The name Python was picked up from a T.V. show Monty Python’s Flying Circus.

• The first working version was ready by early 1990 and was released for the public on 20th February 1991.

• It is an open source software. It combines the functionality of C with object oriented approach of Java

• Features of Python
• Simple and Easy to learn
• Dynamically Typed i.e. An assignment statement binds a name to an object
• Platform independent
• Huge Library
• Does not use a compiler but uses an interpreter to execute instructions

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Introduction and History
• Execution of a Python program

Compile PVM

Source Byte Machine


Code Code Code

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Introduction and History

Byte Code example in Jupyter Notebook

• There are two ways to distribute the created software in Python


• The first is to distribute the .pyc files to the user. The user will install the Python Virtual machine and
execute.
• The second is to convert the .pyc files (alongwith libraries and PVM) into a .exe file (frozen binaries).
• Third party software like py2.exe is used to create frozen binaries (For Windows)
• Third party software like pyinstaller.exe or Freeze is used to create frozen binaries (For Unix / Linux)

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Python Installation
• Open your Browser and go to https://www.python.org/downloads/

• Download the appropriate version for your Operating System.

• Once the installation file is downloaded; click on the executable file and select appropriate options at the
Python installation prompt. When in doubt; select the default choice.

• Remember to add python.exe to the default path. This way python can run from any of the folders.

• You may also want to install (https://www.anaconda.com/distribution/ ). Here too, download


and during the installation select appropriate choices.

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Different methods to start a Python session
• Windows Start > Python > Python 3.7 (64-bit)

• Windows Start > Python > IDLE (Python 3.7 64 bit)

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Different methods to start a Python session
• Windows Start > Anaconda3 > Anaconda Navigator

• Windows Start > Anaconda3 > Anaconda Prompt (We are going to use this method)

• Windows Start > Anaconda3 > Jupyter Notebook

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Getting Started
• The coding environment
• Click on the Anaconda prompt to open a command window

• Navigate to the project folder where you would like to save the code files.

• At the prompt (>) type jupyter notebook.

• A session will open up in the default browser as shown below :

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Getting Started
• Click on New > Python3 to start a new session (Please remember Python is a case sensitive language)

• Basic Mathematical Operations


• In a new cell type the following statements :
• 2 + 3 and hit <Shift + Enter>
• 10 – 4 and hit <Ctrl + Enter>
• 10 * 4 and hit <Shift + Enter>
• 10 / 4 and hit <Shift + Enter>
• 10 // 4 and hit <Shift + Enter>
• 5 % 2 and hit <Shift + Enter>
• 2 ** 5 and hit <Shift + Enter>
• 2 + 5 * (7-3)

• Type help() at the prompt to get into help mode, pressing enter at the help prompt will help us exit the help
window

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Getting Started
• Input and Output using the print() and input() statements
• print('Hello World !!!')
• print("He isn't in the best of his moods")
• print("The sum of 2 and 5 is = ", 2+5)

• Commenting statements / text

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Getting Started
• The input() statement

• Keyboard Shortcuts
• Press <Esc + H> to get a list of shortcuts

• Markdowns
• Markdowns help us add a title (heading) to our cell(s). We can create headings from H1 to H6

• Write a program to find the area of a triangle

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