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OISD
GDN -203

Prepared by

COMMITTEE ON GUIDELINES FOR

“OPERATION, MAINTENANCE & INSPECTION OF

HOISTING EQUIPMENT”

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE

th
7 FLOOR,"NEW DELHI HOUSE"
27, BARAKHAMBA ROAD
NEW DELHI-110 001
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SL. NO. CONTENT PAGE NO.

1 Introduction 1

2 Scope. 1

3 Definitions 1

4 Equipment Covered 3

5 Inspection Procedures 4

6 Equipment Maintenance and Inspection 6

7 Procedure Review 17

8 Documentation 17

9. Results 17

10. References 18

Annexure –1 19
 NOTE

OISD (Oil Industry Safety Directorate) publications are prepared for use in the Oil and Gas
Industry under Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas. These are the property of Ministry of Petroleum
& Natural Gas and shall not be reproduced or copied and loaned or exhibited to others without
written consent from OISD.

Though every effort has been made to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in the
document, OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from their use.

The document is intended to supplement rather than replace the prevailing statutory
requirements.
 FOREWORD

The Oil Industry in India is more than 100 years old. Because of various collaboration
agreements, a variety of international codes, standards and practices have been in vogue.
Standardisation in design philosophies and operation and maintenance practices at a national level
was hardly in existence. This coupled with feed back from some serious accidents that occurred in the
recent past in India and abroad, emphasised the need for the industry to review the existing state- of-
the-art in designing, operating and maintaining oil and gas installations.

With this in view, the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas in 1986 constituted a Safety
Council assisted by the Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) staffed from within the industry in
formulating and implementing a series of self regulatory measures aimed at removing obsolescence,
standardising and upgrading the existing standards to ensure safe operations. Accordingly, OISD
constituted a number of functional committees of experts nominated from the industry to draw up
standards and guidelines on various subjects.

The present standard was prepared by the Functional Committee on “Operation, Maintenance and
Inspection of Hoisting Equipment”. The document is based on the accumulated knowledge and
experience of industry members, the various national and international codes and practices.

This standard is meant to be used as supplement and not as a replacement for existing codes
and practices.

It is hoped that provisions of this standard, if implemented objectively, may go a long way to
improve the safety and reduce accidents in Oil and Gas Industry. Users are cautioned that no
standard can be substitute for the judgement of responsible and experienced Engineers.

Suggestions are invited from the users after it is put into practice to improve the document
further. Suggestions for amendments to this document should be addressed to the Coordinator,
Committee on on “Operation, Maintenance and Inspection of Hoisting Equipment” , Oil Industry Safety
th
Directorate, 7 Floor, New Delhi House, 27, Barakhamba Road, New Delhi – 110 001.

This standard in no way supercedes the statutory requirements like Factories Act, OMR, CCE
etc.
 COMMITTEE
ON
“OPERATION, MAINTENANCE & INSPECTION OF HOISTING EQUIPMENT”

NAME ORGANISATION POSITION IN

THE COMMITTEE

S/SHRI

1. R.K.GARG ONGC LEADER

2. G.S.D.MATHUR ONGC MEMBER

3. M.K.JHA IOC MEMBER

4. V.K.JAIN EIL MEMBER

5. RAM SHANKER ONGC MEMBER

6. P.K.JAIN ONGC MEMBER

7. PRADEEP KUMAR OISD MEMBER - COORDINATOR

OPERATIONS, MAINTENANCE & INSPECTION OF HOISTING EQUIPMENT
that it can perform required
1.0 Introduction function.
Users: A term denoting individuals or
Material handling is an important operation in oil companies, who use equipment
industry . Due to complex and hazardous nature or materials or implement
of job requirements, utmost care is required for recommended practices.
material handling. The hoisting equipment are
one of the most important material handling Accessories: A secondary part /assembly of
equipment .The regular maintenance and parts which contributes the
inspection of these equipment is essential for overall function and usefulness
safe operation and to enhance their life. of the machine.

2.0 Scope Crown Block: A crown block is a sheaved

pulley located at the top of the
The scope of this document is to provide drilling/workover rig to provide a
guidelines for the operation ,maintenance and leverage point for wire line
inspection procedures that may be utilized to stringing. The sheaves of the
maintain serviceability and good health of pulley are mounted on roller
hoisting equipment. The document covers bearings. The shaft assembly is
correct operation and various aspects of bolted to the uppermost section
maintenance and inspection of hoisting of the rig frame. The drilling
equipment (except cranes, covered in OISD cable is rolled over the sheaves
Std.205). of the crown block alternately
with the sheaves of the traveling
These guidelines are to provide and assist in block.
safe and reliable operations as a supplement to Travelling Block : A traveling block is a
the manufacturer’ instructions which should be sheaved pulley arrangement
read , retained and followed. that moves up and down as it
hangs in the derrick and is used
3.0 Definitions to pull drill pipe and casing as
well as to hold the power swivel
Inspection: It is the comparison of for drill pipe turning.
equipment conformity to
predetermined standards, Drilling Hooks: Hooks are attached to the
followed by a determination of traveling blocks with a large
action required. shackles, and are used to
various pulling functions of the
Maintenance: Maintenance consists of actions rig. Small capacity hooks are
including inspection, used to handle tubing and
adjustments, cleaning, sucker rods. Larger capacity
lubrication, and testing and hooks are designed to carry
expandable parts replacement heavier loads of pipe ranging
necessary to maintain the from 100 to 650 tons. Such
serviceability of the equipment.. hooks are equipped with a
strong interior spring and /or
Manufacturer: A term denoting individuals or hydraulic snubber assembly to
companies who make or help absorb load shock
process equipment or material . developed by drilling operations.

Owner: An individual, legal entity or Draw-works: A draw work consists of a large

organization holding legal title to revolving drum around which
the equipment. the drilling line is wound, the
catch up to which the cat heads
Repair: Actions performed on are mounted and a series of
equipment that involves shafts, clutches and chains and
replacement and/or adjustment gear drives for changing speed
of parts other than expendable and operation of directions
but exclude re-manufacturing forward or reverse.
operations.
Catheads: The Cat heads are installed on
Testing: Actions that are carried out on a the cat shafts at both ends of
piece of equipment to ensure draw works. One cat head is
1
 generally a simple drum type cat these can be raised or lowered
head used for light hoisting in to the well.
duties performed by rope and
muscle power. However, the Power Sub: Power swivel is a device that
latest in use cat heads are moves with a travelling block
generally air actuated and is designed to provide
mechanical devices. With rotary power to the top of drilling
modulated air valves to permit string for drilling operation .It
precise control in exerting pulls replaces the rotary swivel and
on donning or spinning lines. includes rotary seal and bearing
for supporting drill string weight.
Air clutches of draw-works: Air clutches are
used in various positions in the Safety clamps: Safety clamps are used on drill
draw-works and drive groups to collars above the slips to
engage and disengage power prevent the dropping of the
transmission to the individual rig string when the slips fail to
component. The air clutch is hold.
actuated by air pressure which
closes quick release valves. Drill String motion Compensator:
This equipment is used on
Hydro-matic Brake:The hydro-matric brake floater offshore rigs to
absorbs power by converting compensate for the vertical
mechanical energy into heat movement ( heave) of the
within the brake fluid. The vessel and thus keeps the drill
hydro-matic brake slows the string undisturbed and thus
input speed but does not bring it keeping weight on bit constant.
to a complete stop.The hydro- Charging or discharging air in
matic brake contains water the hydro pneumatic
within the working chamber compensator system can easily
which functions as an energy vary the weight on bit.
absorber Compensator unit, interface
vessel mounted with derrick,
Elevators: Elevators are clamps that grip a Compressor, Air pressure
stand of drill pipe, casing, tubing Vessel, control console, valves
and sucker rods so that the and piping.
stand can be raised or lowered
into the well. These are of two Riser Running Tool: This is used for running
types, bottle neck type & collar the BOP stack, well head and
lift type. casing etc.
Rotary Swivel :It is a device joining two parts so
that one or both can pivot freely. Guy-lines: Guy-lines are wire ropes tied
Bail goose neck, wash pipe, to the mast for its stability.
stem bearing are the main
components of the swivel. It Air winch: A mechanical device operated
attached directly to kelly, rotates by compressed air is used to lift
at the same time, and provide the drill pipe, drill collar and
passage for a tremendous other light loads needed at
volume of drilling fluid under derrick floor.
very high pressure.
Chain Pulley: The device used to lift loads by
Power Swivel: Power swivel is a device that applying effort on linked chain
moves with a travelling block which passed over a pulley .
and is designed to provide
rotary power to the top of drilling 4.0 Equipment covered
string for drilling operation .It
replaces the rotary swivel and Hoisting equipment covered are :
includes rotary seal and bearing - Crown block
for supporting drill string weight. - Travelling blocks
- Draw-works
Spiders: Spider is a set of clamps that - Block to hook adapters
grips a heavy string of stand of - Connectors and link adapters
drill pipe, casing, tubing and - Elevators links
sucker rods in such a way that

2
 - Casing, tubing and drill pipe & certificate that gives a serial No., Model
drill collar elevators No., rating and heat number.
- Rotary swivels vii) Manufacturer should provide certificate
- Power swivels inspection records, mechanical
- Power subs properties, chemistry and weld repair
- Drill string motion compensators records etc.
- Spiders when capable of being 5.2 Routine inspection
used as elevators.
- Kelly spinners when capable of 5.2.1 Inspection Category and Frequency
being used as hoisting
equipment Inspection should be carried out
according to following four categories:
- Safety clamps when capable of
i) Category 1
being used hoisting equipment
This category includes observation of
- Dead line tie down / wire line
the equipment in case of indications of
anchors
inadequate performance.
- Tubing and sucker rods hook ii) Category II
- Sucker rod elevators This includes inspection done under
- Gin Poles category I plus further inspection for
- Guy lines corrosion, deformation, loose and
- Mast/ derrick missing components, deterioration,
- Air winch proper lubrication, visible cracks and
- Chain Pulley blocks and hooks adjustment.
iii) Category III
5.0 INSPECTION PROCEDURE This includes inspection done under
category II plus further inspection, which
The inspection procedure for hoisting should include NDT(Non –Destructive
equipment should be developed based Technique) of exposed critical areas
on the following factors: and may involve some disassembly to
· Application access specific components and identify
· Loading and its usage wear that exceeds the manufacturer’s
· Work environment allowable tolerances.
These factors for the purpose of iv) Category IV
equipment inspection may change from This is the category III inspection plus
time to time as per the manufacturer’s further inspection where the equipment
guidelines, new technology, equipment is disassembled to the extent necessary
history, product improvement and to conduct NDT of all primary load-
change in service conditions. However, carrying components as defined by the
in the broader terms the inspection of manufacturer.
hoisting equipment should be carried
out at the following stages: 5.2.2 Daily and Weekly Inspection
1. At the time of commissioning of the (Category I &II)
equipment.
2. Routine inspection Daily and Weekly visual inspection of
3. At major repair the hoisting equipment in an operating
5.1 Inspection at the time Of condition should be made by the crew or
Commissioning of the equipment supervisor :
For a new hoisting equipment various Person inspecting the equipment on
inspections required to be carried out are: daily/weekly basis should look for
i) Verification of manufacturer’s data and cracks, loose fits or connections,
his test records/results. elongation of the parts and signs of
ii) Inspection of equipment in view of excessive wear or overloading. Any
fittings, workmanship etc. equipment found to show any of these
iii) Checking conformity to the latest discrepancies should be removed from
applicable standards. the operation / service. He should check
iv) Main load bearing components shall be for missing components , improper
magnetic particle inspected after weld lubrication and corrosion.
repairs and final heat treatment but Tools be kept clean by hosing or
before painting and assembly brushing for daily/weekly visual
v) Main load bearing components shall inspection.
have tensile tests to ensure good brittle Field disassembly should not be done
fracture resistance. unless a clean dust free location is
vi) Manufacturer should provide a available.

3
5.2.3 Quarterly/Half yearly Inspection fitting and lubrication of the pins
(Category –III) & bearings. It should be
inspected that adequate
Quarterly/Half yearly inspection be done arrangement is made to prevent
by following methods: the sheaves from jumping out of
Thorough on the job shut down the bearing.
inspection should be carried out on (ii) Lubricate bearings, remove any
quarterly/half yearly basis in the field by dust and weather protect as
the crew with the help of supervisor. All required, check and secure all
hoisting tools and their components fasteners.
should be inspected considering the (iii) Bumper blocks should be
good engineering practices and inspected that it is properly
maintained in safe condition. No fastened along their full length
element in the hoisting tool system with both ends secured to mast
should be subjected to any load in and if it is wooden block then it
excess of its design limitations. should be enclosed with a
5.2.4 Disassembly Inspection/Category-IV protective screen to prevent
wood fragments from falling to
Equipment should be taken to suitably the work floor area.
equipped facility and all parts be (iv) The crown block assembly
checked for excessive wear and cracks should be regularly reversed to
both visually and by non-destructive even out wear on the fast line
techniques (NDT). and deadline sheaves.
(i) Cleaning: All foreign material such as
dirt, paint, grease and oil should be 6.2 Travelling block & its components
removed from the surfaces of the
equipment by hosing or brushing and (i) The travelling block and its
soap solution. components should be
(ii) Disassembly: The equipment should be inspected for proper guard,
disassembled as much as necessary to looseness in pins, bearing fit
permit NDT inspection of all load- cracks & wear in sheaves. Body
bearing parts. Field disassembly should & pins should be inspected for
be done in a clean dust free location. any change in gauge/size.
(iii) Inspection Procedure: a trained (ii) A suitable stop device shall be
competent operator should make the fitted to prevent travelling block
inspection. After removal of the defect hitting crown block and derrick
in a particular part, the inspection again floor. The device shall be tested
is done by an appropriate NDT method at rig up or at least once a week
to ensure that the defect has been thereafter when in use or when
completely removed. hoisting system is changed.
Twin stop safety device /Crown-
5.2.5 Inspection at major repair o-matic device shall also be
inspected for accurate stoppage
At every major repair required due to of traveling block at the adjusted
break down or otherwise the complete points.
disassembly and inspection are to be (iii) The hoisting line should not be
carried out as per the categories -IV removed from the hoisting drum
Depending upon the requirement, until the traveling block is rested
inspection methods shall be used viz. on the rig floor or held
Visual (VT), Liquid Penetrant suspended by a separate wire
Examination , Magnetic particles (MT) rope or chain.
,Ultrasonic (UT) (iv) The service of the bearings
For periodic inspection category of should be done as per
various hoisting equipment used in manufacturer’s guidelines. It is
drilling/work-over services , refer table usually done after
given in annexure-1. running/carrying the load of 630
tons at 100 RPM in case of
6.0 Equipment Maintenance and block capacity of 480 tons and
Inspection load of 760 tons at 75 RPM in
case of block capacity of 550
6.1 Crown blocks:` tons.
6.2.1 Block to hook adopters:
(i) Every part of the crown block
should be checked for cracks, distortion,
4
 Inspect for excessive wear, loose fitting and there shall not be less than
and cracks in yokes & pins. seven line wraps remaining on
the drum at the lowest operating
6.2.2 Connectors and link adapters: position of the travelling block.
Inspect the link for body wear, cracks
and elongation, or reduction in the body 6.3.1 CATHEADS
sections. Pinholes and pins should be
inspected for cracks. Link arms should The guidelines for safe operation ,
be checked for excessive wear. maintenance and inspection of catheads
should be followed:
6.2.3 Drilling Hooks
(i) Cat head should be checked for
Drilling Hooks to be inspected for its grooves and rebuilt and turned
latch , wear and cracks. reduction of arm when necessary to prevent
sections, and fittings of pin body cracks. fouling, cat head groove depth
should not exceed ¼ inch.
6.3 DRAW WORKS (ii) A blunt smooth edged divider to
separate the first wrap of a line
The guidelines for safe operation and on a cat head should be
inspection of draw-works : installed on all manually
(i) The equipment operator shall operated rope catheads and the
not leave the draw works brake clearance between the device
without tying the brake down or and friction surface of the
securing it with a catch lock, cathead should not exceed 1/2
unless the draw works is inch.
equipped with an automatic feed (iii) Key seat and projecting key on
control. a cat head should be covered
(ii) A draw works used for well with a smooth thimble or plate.
drilling shall be equipped with a (iv) The fasteners for the guides and
device which actuates an housing should be secured
emergency stop of the drum and against loosening by safety
engages the brake when the wires or other equivalent
maximum wraps on the drum means.
have been reached . (v) Precautions should be taken to
(iii) An emergency shutdown switch prevent entanglement of other
for a draw works engine or lines with line in use on a
motor shall be located at the cathead.
draw-works drum control (vi) When a cathead is un-attended,
console. a rope or line should not remain
(iv) A visual inspection of the draw wrapped on or in contact with
works and its working parts the cathead.
should be made at least once (vii) Only competent and authorised
each day and records be person should attend the draw-
maintained. works control when a manually
(v) Check the guard of the draw operated cathead is in use.
works for its placement and (viii) A guard shall be provided for
good condition protection of the operator at the
(vi) Inspect the brakes system on draw-work controls when the
the draw-works in line with line is in close proximity of the
manufacturer’s operator during operation of a
recommendations. Mechanical catline, jerking or spinning line.
brakes requires periodic checks (ix) An automatic cathead and its
for wear of both brake blocks mechanism should be
and brake flanges. Ensure that maintained in safe working
the designed flow rate and condition.
pressure of cooling water is (x) A splice should not be allowed
maintained. to contact the cathead friction
(vii) Tension should be applied by a surface , with the exception of
catline tugger or other means the endless rope properly
when running the initial wraps spliced.
on the draw-works. (xi) A cat line shall not be used to
(viii) When the hoisting line is placed raise or lower personnel.
on the hoisting drum, the end
shall be securely fastened 6.3.2 Mechanical Brakes on Draw-works
5
 if any) should be removed to
The mechanical self energizing friction avoid build up on the blocks and
brake on the draw works is a critical item leading to problems like
.Guidelines for its safe operation , slippage.
maintenance and inspection are :
(i) Check the brake equalizer for 6.3.3 Hydromatic Brake
even and uniform braking on (i) Ensure that continuous flow rate
both ends at least once a week. as per manufacturer’s
If rough braking with jerks is specification is maintained .
noticed at any time, check brake (ii) The temperature of water
band shoes, shoe screws and should not be allowed to rise
eyebolt adjustment on equalizer above 85 Deg.C .
beam immediately. (iii) Inspect turbine blades for wear,
(ii) Inspect the water jackets water pitting etc. upon disassembly.
lines and stuffing box for Check clearances are as per
scaling. This should be done manufacturer’s specifications.
every 6-8 months depending
upon the quality of water being 6.3.3 Chain Drives
used. Scaling may lead to
various problems due to (I) The chain drive should be
inadequate water flow. periodically inspected for proper
Inadequate cooling can lead to alignment and tension and
weld failure on jacket, cracking lubrication. Mis-alignments of
of hard surface on rim due to chain drive can cause uneven
change in composition, failure of loading across the width of the
hose and pipe joints, thermal chain.
shocks on jackets. (ii) To ensure proper alignment
(iii) The rims should be periodically drive shafts must be parallel and
inspected for wear. Inspection of leveled and the sprockets that
rim is a must during change of old the chain must be properly
brake shoes. In case, aligned on the parallel shaft.
hardfacing is suspected to be (iii) Improper tension might result in
worn out or material has come the chain adhering to the drive
off, immediate corrective sprockets teeth, eventually
measures should be taken. snapping out of engagement. To
(iv) While relining the brake band prevent this, periodic
with new blocks, inspect the adjustments should be made to
brake band for any cracks or properly adjust the chain
fissures. In case any crack has tension .
developed replace with new (iv) Improper lubrication can result
brake band. in chain fatigue and excessive
(v) When changing the blocks, wear due to overheating.
ensure that complete set of Discoloration of the chain to red-
blocks is changed. C-clamp may oxide is a good indication of
be used on the band for these conditions. The lubricating
tightening the nuts ensuring system should be checked for
that the nuts are tightened proper operation and
properly. The band should be contaminated oil shall be
free of rust, oil, grease and replaced with clean oil and filter.
paint. (v) It should be ensured that the
Storage And Preservation: chain guard is in place before
The brake rims require due attention: engaging the drive .
a. Store the brake rim flat on its
side with the bolt up flange on 6.3.5 Air Clutches
top for handling. This will avoid
the risk of egg-shaping Maintenance of the air clutch includes
b. Drain water from jacket on an checking of :
idle rig to avoid rusting in warm (i) Air lines for restrictions or leaks
conditions and cracking in (ii) Operating valve for full opening
freezing conditions. (iii) Air leakage at the quick release
c. Cover the rims with greased oil valve or at the diaphragm
paper. This will prevent rusting. Cold weather operation
Before reactivating a rig, all sometimes requires the
traces of grease and rust( introduction of ethylene glycol in
6
 the air to avoid freezing of rollers provided for the purpose
accumulated moisture within the should be inspected daily for
air system. their wear and free movement.
(iv) Work done by the casing line
should be calculated in
accordance with OISD
6.4 Deadline anchor: Std.187and its record be
maintained. Casing line slip and
(i) A deadline anchor for a hoisting cut procedures shall be followed
line should be so constructed , in line with OISD Std. –187. A
installed that its strengths ton –mile indicator may be
equals or exceeds the working installed to record the work
strength of the hoisting line. done by the casing line.

(ii) Before new rope is slipped into 6.7 Casing, tubing and drill pipe & drill
the system ,the clamp and brass collar elevators
inserts should be removed and
inspected. The brass inserts Inspect the elevator latches, latch locks,
should be replaced if worn or pins and springs for wear & cracks.
damaged. Shoulder and elevator bore be
inspected for proper gauge, wear of pins
(iii) The nuts should be tightened to & holes. Hinge pins, latch lug surfaces
the recommended torque by and link contact should be inspected for
the manufacturer. The torque proper lubrication. Grease back surface
should be rechecked after the of slips. For details OISD STD -190 may
first one to two hours of be referred.
operation. Maintenance: Elevators require regular
care and inspection to ensure their use
6.5 Drilling Weight Indicator for long period of time. The elevator
hinge pin, hinge and latch mechanism,
The weight indicator shall be coat link arm wear surfaces and latch
checked monthly for calibration lug should be lubricated for ease of
by comparing its reading with operation. Worn or damaged parts, if
the calculated drill string or found be replaced to avoid the
tubing string weight , with malfunctioning & inadvertent release of
adjustment made as necessary. the load. Loose fasteners if found be
tightened.
o
6.6 Casing line and sand lines Elevators bored for 18 shoulder (bottle
neck) pipe should not be used for collar
(i) All casing lines should be pipe and vice-versa.
visually inspected at least once
each day when in use and 6.8 Elevators links :
thoroughly inspected once each
month and its record be Periodic checks should be made of
maintained. worn diameters particularly when higher
(ii) Wire rope used for hoisting weight levels are involved. Any hook
purposes should be of strength with link showing wear of half inch
to safely lift and other wise should be promptly repaired. Wear
handle anticipated loads under should never exceed ¾ inch when
service. The maximum properly built up to recommended
allowable working load should dimension.
be based on a minimum safety
factor of 3 in case of normal 6.9 Swivel & its components
operation and safety factor 2 is
allowed while setting casing, (i) The swivel is inspected for
pulling on stuck pipe or while wear, cracks and fittings in pins,
engaging in similar infrequent wash pipe & body and also for
operations. For more details looseness of pins and bolts and
OISD STD - 187 may be section reduction and cracks in
referred. bail. Wash pipe be inspected for
(iii) The hoisting line under load metal packing rings, leaks,
shall not be allowed to come in adjustment & lubrication. Oil
contact with any part of the seals, bail pins, wash pipe
derrick or mast. Kick –back
7
 packing inspection must be rod will bend when the elevator picks
done daily when in operation. up the load of the rod string.
(ii) Rotary swivel shall be
hydraulically pressure tested 6.15 Safety clamps when capable of being
before commissioning to one used as hoisting equipment.
and a half times maximum
working pressure of the These should be examined for cracks,
assembly but not less than missing cotter keys, galled or stripped
10,000 Psi. threads, rounded off nuts or wrenches,
(iii) Goose neck connection of the dull teeth, broken slip springs and slips
swivel should be provided with that do not move up or down easily.
suitable lug for tying safety
chain. The safety chain should 6.16 Drill String Motion Compensators
be inspected regularly.
(v) Greasing and lubrication of oil The Air Pressure Valves and relief
seals, bail pins, wash pipe valves, compressors, piston rods, lock
packing must be done as bar of the equipment be inspected for
manufacturer’s proper functioning. Fluid sample
recommendation. analysis, condition of deceleration
valves also be checked.
6.10 Power Swivel
6.17 Riser Running Tool Components
The power swivel should be inspected when capable of being used as
as per the manufacturer’s guidelines. Hoisting Equipment

6.11 Spiders when capable of being used The moving parts should be thoroughly
as Elevators checked for grease, visual wear and
damage. Thread connection should be
Look for cracks and general wear in checked in each use. NDT of these
bowl taper. Check for looseness and equipment be carried to avoid the failure
proper operation of latch. Gripping dies, during the operations. The tools with
spring should be inspected for wear and moving parts should be preferably
proper lubrication. stored in oil bath for trouble free and
longer life.
6.12 Power sub
6.18 Mast/ derrick
It is a device, which moves with the T/B
and is designed to provide rotary power Every part of mast should be inspected
to the top of drilling string for drilling for its straightness and no member of
operations. It attaches to the rotary mast be corroded . Mast shall be
swivel but does not include a rotary seal leveled and properly positioned before
or being for supporting the drilling raising, lowering the structure or
weight. tightening guy lines. Foundation should
be capable of safely distributing the
6.13 Tubing & sucker rod hooks gross weight of the derrick under the
maximum anticipated hook load. Before
These may be inspected for wear, bail imposing any load on derrick or mast, all
distortion, fit for pins, lever and latch required load guys should be properly
operation, and free movement of swivel. tightened. An unguarded opening large
The scars and cracks also are enough to permit a person to fall
inspected. through should not exist between the
beams or main support of the crown
6.14 Sucker rod elevators blocks. For further details OISD
standard 202 may be referred.
These are inspected for wear, cracks
and reduction of section of bail and 6.19 Gin Poles
trunnions. Looseness & operation of
latches and levers also be inspected. A gin pole should be properly attached
During inspection of elevator, it should to the well head or X-mas tree with a
be checked that elevator seat is not chain or a load binder in a manner that
worn out or egg shaped. If the center prevents movement when the load is
line of the sucker rod, when seated in being handled. A chain and a ratchet
the elevator, does not coincide with the binder used to attach the gin pole to the
center line of the elevator axle, the sucker well head or X-mas tree should be of
8
 proper size and strength to support the (i) The load being lifted with the
anticipated load to be handled. winch is with in its lifting
When the gin pole is being used to lift capacity.
the lubricator or any other object, the (ii) The air-motor and its operating
load should be pulled from as near a lever are in perfect working
vertical position as practicable. condition as prescribed by the
6.19.1 Gin poles for conventional Derricks manufacturer.
(iii) The foundation is strong enough
The Gin pole at the crown of every and the winch is properly
derrick should not have fewer than two secured with all foundation bolts
uprights and a cross beam The top tightened.
tackle block should be suspended from (iv) The winch is so constructed that
the cross beam as near the centre the brake is applied when
thereof as is practicable. control handle is not held in
The clearance between the crown operating position.
platform and the cross beam should not (v) The brake is in good working
be less than 8 feet condition.
A gin pole should be designed and (vi) The condition of wire rope
constructed so as to sustain the should be as per the provisions
maximum compression load imposed of OISD Std. 187 and its reeving
thereon with a minimum safety factor of should be done properly.
3. (vii) The wire line does not get
entangled or rub against
6.20 Counter Balance anything while load is lifted.

On a rotary drilling rig, every 6.23 CHAIN HOIST

counterbalance above the rig floor when
not fully encased or running in a. Operating Instructions
permanent guides shall be held to the
frame of the derrick with a separate Before lifting inspect carefully the hooks
safety line made of wire rope of a , the load chain , the brake device and
th
diameter of not less than 5/8 of an lubrication of the block.
inch, or such other diameter as may be
approved by the competent person, For safe operation:
installed in such a manner as to prevent (i) Don’t lift load exceeding the
the counterbalance from coming within 8 rated capacity of the chain
feet of the floor. blocks.
6.21 Guylines (ii) Don’t use the block chain as a
sling.
(i) A guyline should be maintained (iii) Don’t use when the chain is
in a good condition and should kinking.
be of strength including auxiliary (iv) To avoid accidents working or
devices such as chains, passing under a lifting load is
boomers and clamps capable of strictly forbidden .
withstanding loads for the (v) In case of the hand chain fails to
anticipated service conditions. A move do not use undue force.
guyline should have safety Stop operation and proceed
factor of 3(to be checked) inspection of the chain block.
(ii) Each guyline should be (vi) Only use to lift vertically, do not
removed from service and use to drag loads
replaced if in any length of 10
diameters the total number of b. Maintenance
visible broken wires exceeds
10% of the total number of wires (i) After operations clean the chain
in the line or if the guyline block from dirt and keep in a dry
shows other signs of excessive place from rust and corrosion.
wears, corrosion or defect. (ii) Clean the chain block annually
by purging the parts in kerosene
6.22 Air winch and apply grease to them. It is
advisable that the cleaning work
The competent person should inspect should be done by skilled
following to ensure safe working of the hands.
winch. (iii) O-Marks on the two disk gears
should be aligned.
9
 (iv) Stick the rollers of both left and - Suspension housings
right bearings to the inner race - Hand chain wheels
of the bearings of the chain - Chain attachments
sprocket shaft journal , and then - Clevises
put them in to the outer race of - Yokes
the bearings on the side plates. - Suspension bolts
(v) After cleaning and repair the - Shafts
chain block should be subjected
- Gears
to no–load and heavy –load
- Bearings
tests, if it works normally , put it
into operation. - Pins
- Rollers
c. Pre-Use Inspection - Locking and clamping devices
(v) Full engagement of pawl & ratchet
The operator should perform a pre-use (vi) Check that on ‘No Load’ top hook
inspection, if any deficiencies are found swivels freely
the equipment should be taken out of (vii) Check that “Effort” required to raise the
service and the supervisor notified. full safe working load is as per section 7
of IS-3832.
(i) Visually inspect all load chains (viii) Damage and excessive wear on hook
for gross damage that may be a retaining nuts or collars and pins and
hazard. welds or rivets used to secure the
(ii) Hoist is properly secured. retaining members.
(iii) The load does not exceed the (ix) Excessive wear or damage on load
load limit on the warning label. sprockets, hand chain wheel, and drums
(iv) Check that motions are smooth or sheaves shall be checked for damage
and regular with no hesitations, or excessive wear.
vibrations, binding ,unusual (x) Evidence of worn ,glazed, or oil
noise or other irregularity. contaminated friction discs , worn pawls,
(v) Chain is not kinked or damaged. cams or ratchets and corroded,
stretched or broken pawl springs in
d. Annual Inspection braking mechanism
(xi) Evidence of damaged to supporting
The annual inspection may be structure or trolley
performed with the hoist in its normal (xii) End connection s load chains shall be
location and do not require the hoist to checked for evidence of wear ,corrosion,
be dismantled. Covers and other items cracks, damage or distortion.
normally supplied to allow inspection of (xiii) Welded link hoist chain
components should be opened or (xiv) Hooks
removed for these inspections. (xv) Hook-latches

6.23.1 Inspection of Items 6.23.2 Welded Chain Inspection

(i) Check the material of following & co- (i) The hoist should be tested under load in
relate with mill certificates: lifting and lowering directions and the
Load chain – grade 80 alloy steel operation of the chain and sprockets
conforming to IS-6216 shall be observed. The chain should
Hand chain – grade 30 steel conforming feed smoothly into and away from the
to IS-3832 sprockets
The following dimensions to be checked; (ii) If the chain binds , jumps or is noisy, it
a) Load chain – diameter, pitch, length shall first be checked to ensure that it is
& width of link chain as per section 3 clean and properly lubricated. If the
of IS-6216. Length of chain per trouble persists, the chain and mating
section 4.8 of IS-3832. parts shall be inspected for wear,
b) Hand chain: diameter (nominal size) distortion or other damage.
pitch, outside width of link & length (iii) The chain shall be examined visually for
of chain per section 4.10 of IS-3832 gouges, nicks, weld spatter, corrosion,
(ii) Operating mechanism checked for mal- and distorted links.
adjustment and listened to for unusual (iv) The chain shall then be slackened and
sound that may indicate problems. the adjacent links moved to one side to
(iii) Tightness of bolts, nuts and rivets. inspect for wear at the contact points.
(iv) Excessive wear, corrosion, cracks or (v) The chain should be measured
distorted parts in the following. according to the hoist manufacturers’
- Load blocks instructions. If instructions are not
10
 available, the process shall continue as necessarily be maintained by
follows. the owner / user.
- An unworn, un- stretched length of the ii) Identification
chain shall be selected ( eg., at the Unit serial number or some
slack end ) identification marks provided by
- The chain shall be suspended vertically the manufacturer should be
under tension and, using a caliper type maintained on the equipment
gauge, the outside length of any and should be recorded in the
convenient number of links shall be equipment register / records.
measured ( 12 to 24 “ overall”) iii) History
- The same number of links in the used The data indicating the changes
sections shall be measured and the % in the status which could affect
increase in length shall be calculated. equipment serviceability or
maintenance should be
6.23.3 Hook Inspection recorded in the equipment
register / records.
Ensure that the material of the hook is – iv) Records identification
Fully killed forged & fully heat treated The date, name and signature
grade-S Alloy steel, conforming to IS- of the responsible person
8610 and dimensions of the Hook are as involved in the carrying out the
per section 4 of IS-8610 inspection be recorded in the
Check for: equipment records / register.
(i) Cracks, nicks, or Gouges .
(ii) Latch engagements, damaged 9.0 RESULTS
or malfunctioning latch ( if
provided ) The following parameters are developed
(iii) Hook attachment and securing as the inspection results for the safety of
means . the man and the equipment.
(iv) Deformation. Any bending or i) Acceptance criteria
twisting exceeding 10 degrees The acceptance criteria should be
from the plane of the unbent established based on experience and
hook. manufacturer’s recommendations. The
(v) Throat opening. Any distortion worn out equipment/component which
causing an increase in throat do not meet acceptance criteria, should
opening exceeding15%. not be accepted for operation unless an
(vi) Wear. Any wear exceeding 10% analysis is made in accordance with the
of the original sectional applicable equipment specification at
dimension of the hook or its load reduced load conditions.
pin. ii) Rejection of the equipment
Rejected equipment should be marked
7.0 PROCEDURE REVIEW and removed from the operation until
the deficiencies are corrected.
The inspection procedure should be
reviewed from time to time with the new 10.0 REFERENCES
inspection techniques, change in
technology, environment, person API-RP-8B : Recommended practice for
handling and type of the operation & procedures for inspections,
work being carried out and also in view maintenance repair and re-
of the procedures consistent with widely manufacture of hoisting equipment.
accepted industry practices.
API-8A :Specifications for drilling and
8.0 DOCUMENTATION production hoisting equipment.

The following document be maintained IS-3177 :Code of practice for EOT

for the good performance of the cranes and Gantry Cranes
equipment:
i) Records EIL Spec. 6-48-0002: Standard spec.
The good record keeping for EOT crane
system consisting of inspection
records, information provided by ONGC/TBG-Mech. 020: Standard
the manufacturer, maintenance specification for chain pulley blocks
records, repair records ,re-
manufacture records should Maintenance Engineering Hand book :
Lindley R. Higgin
11
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