EGYPT

EGYPT FACTS AND FIGURES 2019

Geography
Surface (in sqkm) 1,001,450
o.w. Land area 995,450
o.w. Water area 6,000
Land boundaries' length (in km) 2,665
Coastline length (in km) 2,450
Maximum altitude: Mount Catherine (in m)  2,629
Demography
Population (in millions) 99.2
Population annual growth rate (2009-2019) 2.6%
Population under 15 years (% of total population) 34%
Population density (per sqkm) 99
Urban population (% of total population) 43%
Unemployment rate 8.6%
Life expectancy at birth 72
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18
Human Development Index (UNDP) 0.700
Education
Adult literacy rate
Male76%
Female66%
Number of students in pre-university education (000s) 23,567
Number of schools 56,569
Number of teachers 1,018,773
Health
Number of nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people) 1.9
Number of physicians (per 1,000 people) 0.5
Health expenditures/GDP 5.3%
Technology Diffusion
Number of telephone mainlines (per 100 people) 8.0
Number of cellular subscribers (per 100 people) 95.3
Number of internet users (per 100 people) 46.9
Number of broadband subscribers (per 100 people) 6.7
Infrastructure (in Km)
Roadway length (paved) 48,000
Railway length 5,085
Ports and terminals Ayn Sukhnah, Alexandria, Damietta, El Dekheila, Sidi Kurayr, Suez
General
Currency Egyptian Pound
Official language Arabic
Fiscal year July 1 - June 30
Number of governorates 26
 Fiscal Year 2017 2018 2019

Macroeconomic Indicators
GDP (US$ billion) 257.3 244.5 293.5
o.w. Agriculture, irrigation and fishing 11.7% 11.5% 11.4%
o.w. Mining 9.6% 11.0% 11.8%
o.w. Manufacturing 16.7% 16.6% 16.4%
o.w. Electricity and water 2.3% 2.3% 2.3%
o.w. Construction and building 5.7% 5.9% 6.2%
o.w. Services 54.0% 52.7% 52.0%
Real GDP growth rate 3.6% 5.3% 5.1%
GDP per capita (US$) 2,714 2,521 2,959
Agriculture
Annual value added (agriculture, irrigation, fishing)
(US$ billion) 30 28 33
Bank credit facilities to agriculture (US$ million)* 685 974 1,638
Implemented investments in agriculture (US$ million) 1,650 1,393 2,794
Industry
Annual value added (mining and manufacturing)
(US$ billion) 68 67 83
Bank credit facilities to industry (US$ million)* 21,790 23,462 27,254
Electricity generated (in millions of kWh)* 178,527 183,953 182,676
Implemented investments in industry (US$ million) 10,478 7,696 13,038
Construction & Building
Annual value added in construction (US$ billion) 15 14 18
Cement production (000s tons)* 50,177 45,052 45,556
Domestic cement deliveries (000s tons)* 49,513 43,887 43,790
Implemented investments in construction and building
(US$ million) 957 711 2,767
Trade and Services
Annual value added in trade and services (US$ billion) 139 129 153
o.w. Wholesale and retail trade 25.7% 26.0% 26.3%
o.w. Government services 16.4% 14.0% 13.0%
o.w. Transport and storage 8.7% 8.8% 8.9%
Bank credit facilities to trade & services (US$ million)* 23,866 27,138 31,302
Number of ships transiting Suez Canal* 17,550 18,174 18,880
Ship tonnage (millions of tons)* 1,042 1,140 1,207
Implemented investments in trade & services
(US$ million) 25,724 30,868 33,772
*
Calendar year.
Calendar Year 2017 2018 2019

Tourist Arrivals to Egypt (in thousands)

Total arrivals 8,293 11,346 -
o.w. Europe 4,672 6,946 -
o.w. Middle East 1,964 2,402 -
o.w. Africa 645 802 -
o.w. Asia and the Pacific 635 669 -
o.w. Americas 358 458 -
o.w. Other countries 19 69 -
Number of tourist nights 83,783 121,498 -
Foreign Trade (US$ million)
Exports 23,339 28,046 28,472
Imports 59,855 65,826 65,959
Trade balance -36,515 -37,780 -37,487
Foreign trade 83,194 93,871 94,431
Exports/Imports 39.0% 42.6% 43.2%
Main export recipients
European Union 34.4% 36.0% 33.7%
Arab countries 25.6% 21.3% 23.6%
Asian countries 9.0% 12.0% 11.7%
USA 8.4% 8.6% 10.2%
Other European countries 8.1% 7.5% 7.3%
Main import sources
European Union 27.1% 26.5% 27.4%
Asian countries 18.7% 21.2% 21.6%
Arab countries 19.1% 18.9% 20.4%
Other European countries 7.0% 7.6% 7.5%
USA 4.5% 5.1% 4.9%
Main export products
Oil products 14.8% 20.0% 22.2%
Crude oil 17.2% 19.1% 15.0%
Phosphate or mineral fertilizers 3.7% 3.4% 3.7%
Textiles 3.5% 3.4% 3.7%
Ready-made clothes 2.9% 2.7% 2.9%
Main import products
Oil products 17.4% 14.9% 11.5%
Crude oil 2.9% 3.9% 5.8%
Wheat 3.5% 3.2% 2.9%
Organic and inorganic compounds 2.7% 2.4% 2.4%
Pharmaceuticals 1.9% 1.6% 2.1%
Calendar Year 2017 2018 2019

Balance of Payments (US$ million)

Current account balance -7,919 -7,682 -10,210
Trade balance -36,515 -37,780 -37,487
Services account 9,166 13,071 12,059
Transfers 24,774 25,489 26,799
Capital and financial account 23,844 14,699 12,961
Net errors and omissions -3,634 -1,596 -669
Overall balance 12,291 5,421 2,082
Foreign Direct Investment (US$ million)
Total FDI inflows 12,528 14,597 17,546
o.w. United Kingdom 4,694 4,944 6,825
o.w. Belgium 2,209 2,245 2,227
o.w. USA 1,853 2,294 1,367
o.w. UAE 967 1,053 1,360
o.w. Netherlands 80 653 949
o.w. Saudi Arabia 369 406 378
Monetary Situation (US$ million)
M1 41,520 46,651 60,340
Quasi-money 138,790 155,829 195,767
M2 (M1+ Quasi-money) 180,310 202,480 256,107
Counterparts of M2
Net foreign assets 12,056 7,113 21,671
Net domestic assets 168,254 195,367 234,436
Consumer price index (headline) 21.9% 12.0% 7.1%
LE/US$ exchange rate (fiscal year-end) 18.12 17.86 16.72
LE/US$ exchange rate (fiscal yearly average) 13.25 17.73 17.61
LE/US$ exchange rate (calendar year-end) 17.76 17.92 16.05
LE/US$ exchange rate (calendar yearly average) 17.82 17.81 16.80

Fiscal Year 2017 2018 2019

Public Finance (US$ million)

Total revenues and grants 49,741 45,439 53,473
o.w. Tax revenues 34,862 35,420 41,790
Total expenditures (including net lending) 77,869 69,316 77,768
o.w. Interest payments 23,890 24,665 30,261
Budget balance -28,128 -23,877 -24,295
Total gross debt 253,512 299,642 365,176
o.w. Domestic debt 174,480 206,998 256,477
o.w. External debt 79,033 92,644 108,699
Budget balance/Expenditures -36.1% -34.4% -31.2%
Budget balance/GDP -10.9% -9.8% -8.3%
External debt/Total gross debt 31.2% 30.9% 29.8%
Total gross domestic debt/GDP 91.1% 83.3% 80.6%
 Calendar Year 2017 2018 2019

Egyptian Capital Markets

Stock market capitalization (US$ billion) 46.4 41.8 44.1
Total value traded (US$ billion) 18.6 20.1 24.4
Turnover ratio 40.1% 48.1% 55.3%
Number of listed companies 222 220 218
P/E ratio (times) 18.8 12.1 8.5
Dividend yield 5.7% 6.9% 8.0%
Change in EGX price index (in EGP) 21.7% -13.2% 7.1%
Banking System
Number of banks 38 38 38
Number of branches 4,093 4,220 4,423
Activity highlights (US$ million)
Total assets 271,022 303,142 364,869
Total deposits 187,462 213,084 263,956
Total credit facilities 82,398 101,260 117,792
Total capital + reserves 18,080 19,721 24,990
Key ratios
Assets/GDP* 129.7% 117.2% 106.7%
Deposits/GDP* 89.2% 82.3% 77.5%
Residents per branch 23,161 22,981 22,430
Deposits per capita (US$) 1,977 2,197 2,661
FC deposits/Total deposits 23.9% 22.7% 17.4%
FC credit facilities/Total credit facilities 36.6% 36.0% 27.4%
Credit facilities/Total deposits 44.0% 47.5% 44.6%
(Total capital + reserves)/Total assets 6.7% 6.5% 6.8%

TOP 10 BANKS BY ASSETS (US$ BILLION)

National Bank of Egypt 75.6 86.5 96.9

Banque Misr 43.6 49.6 58.1
Commercial International Bank 16.7 19.2 24.2
QNB Al-Ahli Bank 12.6 14.5 17.1
Egyptian National Post Office 12.1 - -
Arab African International Bank 11.9 11.5 12.0
Banque du Caire 8.3 9.4 11.5
Arab International Bank 9.0 8.9 -
HSBC Bank Egypt 5.0 5.7 6.6
Faisal Islamic Bank of Egypt 4.8 5.3 6.5
*
Fiscal year.
 EL HARAM (ISLAMIC BRANCH)
EGYPT El Haram Plaza Tower, 42 El Haram Street,
El Haram.
BANK AUDI sae Tel: (20-2) 33863708, 33863807-8,
Member of the Federation of Egyptian Banks 33864113, 33864002, 33865056.
Paid-up capital: USD 347,000,000 Fax: (20-2) 33865103.
C.R. 39804
CBE list of banks N 85 TAHRIR
94 Tahrir Street, Dokki.
HEADQUARTERS Tel: (20-2) 37485487, 37485573, 37485782,
Pyramids Heights Office Park, 37486082, 37486238. Fax: (20-2) 37486310.
Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Km 22,
Sixth of October City. SIXTH OF OCTOBER
P.O. Box 300 El Haram. Postal Code 12556. Plot 2/23, Central District,
Tel: (20-2) 35343300. Fax: (20-2) 35362120.
Sixth of October City.
[email protected]
Tel: (20-2) 38353781-3-5.
bankaudi.com.eg
Fax: (20-2) 38353780.

PYRAMIDS HEIGHTS
BRANCHES Pyramids Heights Office Park,
GIZA Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Km 22,
DOKKI (MAIN BRANCH) Sixth of October City.
104 El Nile Street, Dokki. Tel: (20-2) 35362053. Fax: (20-2) 35362052.
Tel: (20-2) 37487853, 37489062, 37489842.
Fax: (20-2) 37483818. SHEIKH ZAYED
Units 002 & 101, Bldg. B3, Capital
MOSADDAK (ISLAMIC BRANCH) Business Park, Phase 1, Sheikh Zayed,
56 Mosaddak Street, Dokki. Sixth of October City.
Tel: (20-2) 33373604. Fax: (20-2) 37480242. Tel: (20-2) 38653551-2-3.

LEBANON OCTOBER (ISLAMIC BRANCH)

60 Lebanon Street (Lebanon Tower), Prima Vista Center, Unit F1/G1 – Central Axis,
Lebanon Square, Mohandessin. Sixth of October City.
Tel: (20-2) 33026423, 33026436. Tel: (20-2) 38897821-3-6-9.
Fax: (20-2) 33026454.
CAIRO
EL BATAL AHMED ABDEL AZIZ MAKRAM EBEID
44 El Batal Ahmed Abdel Aziz Street, 1 Makram Ebeid Street, Nasr City.
Mohandessin. Tel: (20-2) 23520160, 23520164, 23520454,
Tel: (20-2) 37480855, 37480868, 37480266. 23520538, 23520594. Fax: (20-2) 22726755.
Fax: (20-2) 37480599.
ABBASS EL-AKKAD
SHOOTING CLUB 70 Abbass El-Akkad Street, Nasr City.
13 Shooting Club Street, Mohandessin Tel: (20-2) 22708723, 22708735, 22708783,
Tel: (20-2) 37486398, 37486405, 37486427, 22708790, 22708740. Fax: (20-2) 22708757.
37486436, 37486461.
BEIRUT TRIUMPH
54 Demeshk Street, Heliopolis. 8 Plot 740, intersection of Othman Ibn Affan
Tel: (20-2) 24508643, 24508610, 24508633, Street and Mohamed Adly Kaffafi Street,
24508644. Fax: (20-2) 24508653. Heliopolis.
Tel: (20-2) 27740220, 27740242, 27740549
SHOUBRA Fax: (20-2) 26352929.
128 Shoubra Street, Shoubra.
Tel: (20-2) 22092482, 22092683, 22092756, ABD EL KHALEK THARWAT
22092774. Fax: (20-2) 22075779. 42 Abd El Khalek Tharwat Street, Downtown.
Tel: (20-2) 23910638, 23910752.
ZAMALEK Fax: (20-2) 23904162.
1B Hassan Sabry Street, Zamalek.
Tel: (20-2) 27375001-2-3-4-5. GARDEN CITY
Fax: (20-2) 27375008. 1 Aisha El Taymoria Street, Garden City.
Tel: (20-2) 27928975-6-7.
MASAKEN SHERATON Fax: (20-2) 27928977.
11 Khaled Ibn El Waleed Street,
Masaken Sheraton. SALAH SALEM
Tel: (20-2) 22683381-3, 22683397, Bldg. 15, Salah Salem Street, Heliopolis.
22683448, 22683303. Tel: (20-2) 24053298, 24053289, 24053285,
Fax: (20-2) 22683433. 24053278, 24053260 Fax: (20-2) 22607168.

SHAMS CLUB MAADI – DEGLA

17 Abdel Hamid Badawy Street, Heliopolis. 1-B, 256 Street, Degla, Maadi.
Tel: (20-2) 21804942-4, 21805143. Tel: (20-2) 25162094, 25162044, 25193243,
Fax: (20-2) 26210945. 25195238. Fax: (20-2) 25194938.

MOKATTAM
MAADI
Plot 6034, Street 9, Mokattam. Plot 1&2 D/5, intersection of Laselky Street
Tel: (20-2) 25053634, 25057040, 25056978. and Nasr Street, New Maadi.
Fax: (20-2) 25057566.
Tel: (20-2) 25197913, 25197901-8.
Fax: (20-2) 25197921.
ABBASSIA
109 Abbassia Street, Abbassia.
TAYARAN
Tel: (20-2) 24871906-8.
40 Tayaran Street, Nasr City.
Fax: (20-2) 24871957.
Tel: (20-2) 24048619, 24048626,
24048634-9, 24048642.
EL OBOUR
Fax: (20-2) 24048683.
Shops 43, 44, 45, Golf City, El Obour City.
Tel: (20-2) 44828308, 46104326.
MERGHANY
Fax: (20-2) 46104324.
100 A Merghany Street, Heliopolis.
EL MANIAL
Tel: (20-2) 24192349, 24192264, 24192166,
90 El Manial Street, El Manial. 24192079, 24192059, 24158725.
Tel: (20-2) 23630119, 23630156, 23630163,
23629935, 23629955. Fax: (20-2) 23630099.
TAGAMOU EL KHAMES BEHIRA
Waterway Compound – Phase One, Ground DAMANHOUR
& First Floors, Commercial Units CGS4-CFS4, El Madina El Monawara Bldg.,
Investors’ Zone – North, New Cairo. Street 26, Damanhour.
Tel: (20-2) 24508633. Tel: (20-45) 3190552-3.

MADINATY DAQAHLIA
Plot 6, Banks Zone, Madinaty, New Cairo. MANSOURA
26 Saad Zaghloul Street, Toreil, Mansoura.
AIRPORT Tel: (20-50) 2309783-4-5.
Cargo Village, Cairo Airport, Cairo. Fax: (20-50) 2309782.
Tel: (20-2) 20646066, 20646077, 20646099.
GHARBIA
NEW CAIRO HEADQUARTERS TANTA
84 District 1, 5th Settlement, Cairo. El Safa Tower, 32 El Gueish Road, Tanta.
Tel: (20-2) 28138804-5-6-9. Tel: (20-40) 3403306-7-9, 3342405.
Fax: (20-40) 3403100.
ALEXANDRIA
SMOUHA SHARQIYA
ZAGAZIK
35 Victor Emmanuel Square, Smouha.
Tel: (20-3) 4244502, 4244679, 4245097, 95 Saad Zaghloul Street, Zagazik
Tel: (20-55) 2369783-4, 2369814-5,
4245089. Fax: (20-3) 4244510.
2369826, 2369837-8, 2369824-5.
SULTAN HUSSEIN
38B Sultan Hussein Street, Azarita.
RED SEA
EL GOUNA
Tel: (20-3) 4782132-3-4-5-6-7-8.
Service Area Fba-12e, El Balad District, El
Fax: (20-3) 4877198.
Gouna, Hurghada.
Tel: (20-65) 3580096. Fax: (20-65) 3580095.
MIAMI (ISLAMIC BRANCH)
4 El Asafra Al Bahariya, Street 489,
SHERATON ROAD
Montazah, Alexandria.
23 Taksim El Hadaba El Shamaleya, 167
Tel: (20-3) 5485312-9, 5505227.
Sheraton Road, Hurghada.
Fax: (20-3) 5505136.
Tel: (20-65) 3452015-6-8-9, 3452020. Fax:
(20-65) 3452023.
SAN STEFANO
413 El-Gaish Road, San Stefano, Loran.
Tel: (20-3) 5859719, 5859761-2-3-5-6.
SOUTH SINAI
NAEMA BAY
Fax: (20-3) 5859790.
207 Rabwet Naema Bay, Sharm El Sheikh.
Tel: (20-69) 3604514-6-8-9.
GLEEM
Fax: (20-69) 3604520.
1 Mostafa Fahmy Street, Gleem.
Tel: (20-3) 5825546, 5825574, 5825587,
5825741-6, 5825768, 5825867.
ASSUIT
ASSUIT
Fax: (20-3) 5825866.
Chamber of Commerce Bldg., Mahmoud
Fahmy Al Noqrashi Street, Assuit.
ALEX DOWNTOWN
Tel: (20-88) 2286120-4-6,
Merosa Compound, Unit E,
2286130-3-4-6-7-8, 2286140.
Suez Canal Street, Alexandria.
Tel: (20-3) 3681369, 3681370-2-3-5.
Fax: (20-3) 3681377.
DAMIETTA LEBANON
DAMIETTA
49 Nile Corniche Street, Ezbat Al Lahm, Bank Audi sal
Damietta.
Bank Audi Plaza, Bab Idriss.
Tel: (20-57) 2367030, 2367040, 2367060,
P.O. Box 11-2560 Beirut - Lebanon
2367070, 2367080, 2367090, 2368060.
Tel: (961-1) 994000. Fax: (961-1) 990555.
Customer helpline: (961-1) 212120.
PORT SAID Swift: AUDBLBBX.
PORT SAID
[email protected]
27 A, July 23rd Street, El-Sharq Division,
bankaudigroup.com
Port Said.
Tel: (20-66) 3239930-1-2-3-4-5-6.
COUNTRY MANAGEMENT
LEBANON
PORT SAID PORT
Admin. Bldg., Port Said Customs, Bank Audi Palladium, Bab Idriss.
Gate 21, Port Said. P.O. Box: 11-2560 Beirut – Lebanon.
Tel: (20-66) 3245466. Tel: (961-1) 994000. Fax: (961-1) 990555.
Customer helpline: (961-1) 212120.
MONOFIA Swift: AUDBLBBX.
SHEBEEN EL KOM
[email protected]
Marsellia Bldg., Gamal Abd El Nasser Street, bankaudi.com.lb
Shebeen El Kom.
M1 Building, Bab Idriss.
Tel: (20-48) 2312468, 2312768, 2313129.
P.O. Box: 11-2560 Beirut – Lebanon.
Tel: (961-1) 994000. Fax: (961-1) 990555.
ISMALIA
Customer helpline: (961-1) 212120.
ISMALIA
Swift: AUDBLBBX.
7 Garden City Street, Ismalia.
[email protected]
Tel: (20-64) 3108941-2, 3108950-1.
bankaudi.com.lb
MINYA
MINYA
191/193 El Horya Street, Corniche El Nil. Audi Investment Bank sal
Tel: (20-86) 2338882, 2338901-2-3-4. Bank Audi Plaza, Block B, Bab Idriss.
P.O. Box: 16-5110 Beirut - Lebanon.
KAFR EL SHEIKH Tel: (961-1) 994000. Fax: (961-1) 999406.
KAFR EL SHEIKH [email protected]
Abu Dhabi Mall, Hakr El Dababsha, bankaudigroup.com
Kafr El Sheikh.

Audi Private Bank sal

Bank Audi Plaza, Block D, Bab Idriss, Beirut.
P.O. Box: 11-1121 Beirut - Lebanon.
Tel: (961-1) 954800, 954900.
Fax: (961-1) 954880.
[email protected]
bankaudipb.com
SOLIFAC sal SAUDI ARABIA
Zen Building, Charles Malek Avenue,
Ashrafieh. Audi Capital (KSA) cjsc
P.O. Box: 11-1121 Beirut - Lebanon. Centria Bldg., 3rd Floor, 2908 Prince
Tel: (961-1) 209200. Fax: (961-1) 209205. Mohammad Bin Abdul Aziz Road (Tahlia).
Postal Address: Unit No. 28,
Ar Riyadh 12241-6055.
TURKEY P.O. Box: 250744 Riyadh 11391
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Odea Bank A. . Tel: (966-11) 2199300.
Levent 199 Bldg., Buyukdere Street, Fax: (966-11) 4627942.
No.199/119, Esentepe District, Sisli, Istanbul. [email protected]
Tel: (90-212) 3048444. audicapital.com
Fax: (90-212) 3048445.
[email protected]
odeabank.com.tr QATAR
Bank Audi LLC
CYPRUS Qatar Financial Centre Tower, 18th Floor,
Diplomatic Area, West Bay.
BAPB Holding Limited P.O. Box: 23270 Doha, Qatar.
Artemisia Business Center, Flat/Office 104, Tel: (974) 44967365. Fax: (974) 44967373.
Charalampou Mouskou 14, 2014 Nicosia, [email protected]
Cyprus. bankaudipb.com
Tel: (357-22) 46 51 51.
Fax: (357-22) 37 93 79.
[email protected]
FRANCE

SWITZERLAND Bank Audi France sa

73, Avenue des Champs-Elysées.
Banque Audi (Suisse) SA 75008 Paris, France.
Tel: (33-1) 53 83 50 00.
Cours des Bastions 18. Fax: (33-1) 42 56 09 74.
P.O. Box: 384. 1205 Geneva, Switzerland. [email protected]
Tel: (41-22) 704 11 11. bankaudi.fr
Fax: (41-22) 704 11 00.
[email protected]
bankaudipb.com
JORDAN
Beirut Representative Office
Bank Audi Plaza, Bab Idriss. Bank Audi sal -
P.O. Box: 11-2666 Beirut - Lebanon. Jordan Branches
Tel: (961-1) 977 544. Fax: (961-1) 980 535.
Bldg. 26, Suleiman Al-Nabulsi Street,
Abdali, Amman.
P.O. Box 840006 Amman. 11184, Jordan.
Tel: (962-6) 4604000. Fax: (962-6) 4680015.
[email protected]
bankaudi.com.jo
IRAQ
Band Audi sal – Iraq Branches
Bank Audi Bldg., District 923,
Al-Jadriya Main Street, Baghdad.
P.O. Box 2080, Al-Jadriya, Iraq.
Tel: (964-772) 9768900
[email protected]
bankaudiiraq.com

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

Bank Audi sal
Abu Dhabi Representative
Office
Etihad Towers, Tower 3, 15th Floor,
Office 1503, Corniche Street.
P.O. Box 94409 Abu Dhabi,
United Arab Emirates.
Tel: (971-2) 6331180. Fax: (971-2) 6336044.
[email protected]
bankaudipb.com
RESEARCH DEPARTMENT
BANK AUDI sal

Bank Audi Plaza, Bab Idriss

P.O. Box 11-2560 Beirut - Lebanon
Tel: (961-1) 994000. Fax (961-1) 985622.
E-mail: [email protected]
bankaudigroup.com

Sources
Central Bank of Egypt
Egyptian Exchange
Egyptian Ministry of Finance
Egyptian Ministry of Economy
Egyptian Ministry of Education
Egyptian Ministry of Health
International Monetary Fund
World Bank
CIA World Fact Book
UNDP
Bankscope - Bureau Van Dijk
Bloomberg