P.E.

S OF SCIENCE, ARTS &

COMMERCE COLLEGE
MANDYA
 DEPARTMENT OF UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISION

A PROJECT REPORT ON

“WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN MANDYA”

SUBMITTED BY,

Likhitha v

Reg.no- N1710358

B.com 6th semester.

SUBMITTED TO,

DR, AMRUTHA VARSHINI.

Assistant professor, DOS in commerce,

PES College of Science, Arts and Commerce,

Mandya.
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this project work on “WOMEN ENTREPENEURS IN MANDYA”

is a report of independent work carried out by me towards partial fulfillment of the
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE course of Mysore university at P.E.S science, arts &
commerce college, Mandya.

Place: Mandya

Date:

(LIKHITHA V)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful for Prof.Siddalingappa, head of the commerce department, P.E.S science,

arts & commerce college Mandya, for granting the permission to research about
“WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN MANDYA”.

With immense pleasure, I would like to express my thanks to

DR.AMRUTHAVARSHINI V, Assistant professor, DOS in commerce, PES College of
Science, Arts and Commerce, Mandya, for giving this opportunity and her much needed
guidance.
ABSTRACT

Women Entrepreneurship and Women empowerment are considered as an important tool in

eradicating poverty and unemployment. Now a day's Women empowerment has become a buzzword.
Empowerment of women may not be feasible just by creating employment opportunities for them. The
need of the hour is to inspire them to set up their own enterprises. Traditionally, women have been on
stage, by playing a crucial role in the management of the family as well as in the society. But their job
has not been duly recognized. She is active in family, farm, shop, and factory and even in politics.
Women entrepreneurs are gaining momentum all over the world, but at the same time they are facing a
number of challenges. These challenges can be faced with making them and their family aware of the
opportunities available to them. Hence the support of family members is essential for leveraging their
creative talent. The paper focuses on opportunities for growth and challenges faced by women
entrepreneurs of today. The paper is based on women entrepreneurs in Mandya.

WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR

Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which is
often initially a small business. The people who create these businesses are called entrepreneurs.

Entrepreneurship has been described as the "capacity and willingness to develop, organize and manage a
business venture along with any of its risks to make a profit." While definitions of entrepreneurship
typically focus on the launching and running of businesses, due to the high risks involved in launching a
start-up, a significant proportion of start-up businesses have to close due to "lack of funding, bad
business decisions, an economic crisis, lack of market demand, or a combination of all of these."

A broader definition of the term is sometimes used, especially in the field of economics. In this usage,
an Entrepreneur is an entity which has the ability to find and act upon opportunities to translate
inventions or technologies into products and services: "The entrepreneur is able to recognize the
commercial potential of the invention and organize the capital, talent, and other resources that turn an
invention into a commercially viable innovation." In this sense, the term "Entrepreneurship" also
captures innovative activities on the part of established firms, in addition to similar activities on the part
of new businesses.

Women entrepreneur may be defined as a woman or group of women who initiate, organize, and run a
business enterprise. In terms of Schumpeterian concept of innovative entrepreneurs, women who
innovate, imitate or adopt a business activity are called “women entrepreneurs”.
REASONS FOR WOMEN TO BECOME AN ENTREPRENEUR

Women become entrepreneurs by choice Due to the following reason Women become entrepreneurs by
necessity due to the following reasons

1. Start own business.

2. Contribute something to the society.
3. Get economic independence.
4. To be the boss.
5. To gain social prestige.
6. Success stories of friends and relatives.
7. High profit margin in this business.
8. Use government subsidies, incentives and concession.
9. Availability of raw material.
10. Heavy demand for product/service.
11. To materialize idea into a capital.
12. To prove herself among family members.
13. Liberty to take decisions.
14. Generation of employment.
15. Self-identity.
16. For a bright future.
17. Job dissatisfaction.
18. Necessity.
19. Flexible work environment.
20. Had skill set to commence the business.
21. Increasing standard of living.
22. Continue her family business.
23. Encouragement from family members.
24. Encouragement from support agencies.
25. Aspiration about my children.
26. Share family economic burden.
27. Death or sickness of bread earner of the family member.

Women by nature preferably choose to work in service sector like education, social services and
household services such as domestic work. But at the same time the startup motivations vary from
industry to industry. Women in low income countries have strong incentives to create their own
work environments that are compatible with their child rearing and household responsibilities at the
same time. Women entrepreneur of 21st century is potentially motivated for change in order to improve
the living conditions of her family, provide a sharing hand to her husband in income generation,
provide quality education to her children, contribute positively by creating job opportunities,
empowering other women and bringing out the society out of economic disparity and unemployment.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUCCESSFUL INDIAN WOMAN ENTREPRENEUR

Wondering how some of the Indian women have become successful entrepreneurs? Want to know the
traits of such inspirational women? here are some characteristics of successful women entrepreneurs

 COURAGE-Courage is one of the most important characteristics of an woman entrepreneur. They

many have the passion to start their own business, it's the courageous ones who succeeds in their
career.
 SOUND AND STRONG MIND WITH CLEAR VISION-A disturbed mind of the woman acts as
a hindrance and she cannot achieve success in her venture. There could be exceptional cases where
such women could succeed in their chosen field, of course, with great difficulty by crossing all the
hurdles of life. A successful woman remained balanced and stays calm under all circumstances and
has a sound mind.
 SELF-CONFIDENT AND BOLD-Self-confidence is one of the most important characteristics for
a successful life. A confident woman has tremendous faith in herself and her abilities. She can easily
resist the changes in the consumer market and succeed in her business. A woman who is bold has the
inner strength to face and cross the hurdles of life, if any, with an open mind.
 GOAL ORIENTED-Most of the successful business women set targeted goals in spite of their
family responsibilities. They work hard for achieving their set goal/s. Women who are goal oriented,
work harder and succeed in her business.
 HARD WORKING WITH AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH-A majority of successful women
entrepreneurs have an optimistic approach. She is capable of transforming her ideas into reality
through her optimistic approach. They work hard with the hope of success and do not give room to
fear of failure in their mind.
 CAPABLE OF TAKING RISKS-She is capable of confidently taking risks and is efficient in
making the risk, a rewarding one.
 ASSERTIVENESS AND DECISION MAKING-A successful woman entrepreneur takes various
decisions on various activities of her enterprise with assertiveness. She takes firm decisions on the
type of venture she undertakes and the way of doing / handling it. She is clear, creative and assertive
in her decision making.
 WORK-LIFE BALANCE-She can efficiently cope up with the stress levels in a better way by
spending value time with her children, spouse and family members. She very well knows how to
balance her work-life which is one of the keys to successful business. She makes time to spend with
her children and supports them in every possible way without any excuses of busy work life.
 BUILD AND DEVELOP THEIR NETWORKS-One of the most prominent characteristics of a
successful woman entrepreneur is she is keen on meeting new people and thus tries to grow her
business contacts. She readily socializes with people whom she thinks are useful in developing her
business.
 GOOD ORGANIZER AND MANAGER-Good organizing skills and managerial skills are the
important traits of a woman entrepreneur. She is competent in developing / building a good
organization. She efficiently co-ordinates with her employees and effectively manages the finances /
capital. To expand her business and achieve her targeted goals, she occasionally organizes minor
events like sales and exhibitions etc.
 LEADERSHIP QUALITIES-A successful woman entrepreneur exhibits high leadership qualities.
She is capable of influencing her employees and creates an enthusiastic work environment for them.
She supports them in all possible ways and encourages for a good team work to achieve targeted
goals.
 PROFIT-ORIENTED AND EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF TIME-A successful business
woman is mostly profit-oriented and focuses / works for her business growth.

9 SCHEMES FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN INDIA

The major factor to jumpstart the entrepreneurial journey is capital and various banks offer
specialized loans for women entrepreneurs that have slightly different and more flexible set of terms and
conditions pertaining to collateral security, interest rates, etc.
Here is a list of various schemes and loans exclusively for women that aim at promoting and easing out
the process for them –

1. Annapurna Scheme -Under this loan, a guarantor is required along with the assets of the
business being pledged as collateral security. Further, the maximum amount of money that is granted is
₹50,000 which has to re-paid in monthly installments for 36 months, however, after the loan is
sanctioned, the lender doesn‟t have to pay the EMI for the first month. The interest rate is determined
depending upon the market rate.
2. Shakti Package For Women Entrepreneurs -This scheme is offered by most of the SBI
branches to women who have 50% share in the ownership of a firm or business and have taken part in
the state agencies run Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDP). The scheme also offers a
discounted rate of interest by 0.50% in case the amount of loan is more than ₹2lakhs.

3. Bharatiya Mahila Bank Business Loan- The maximum loan amount under this loan goes up to
₹20 crores in case of manufacturing industries and also a concession is available to the extent of
0.25% on the interest rate and interest rates usually range from 10.15% and higher.
Additionally, under the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE),
there is no requirement of collateral security for a loan of up to ₹1 crore.

4. Dena Shakti Scheme-This scheme is provided by Dena bank to those women entrepreneurs in the
fields of agriculture, manufacturing, micro-credit, retail stores, or small enterprises; who are in need of
financial assistance. The interest rate is also decreased by 0.25% along with the maximum loan
amount being ₹20 lakhs for retail trade; education and housing whereas ₹50,000 under the microcredit.

5. Udyogini Scheme-This scheme is offered by Punjab and Sind Bank so as to provide women
entrepreneurs involved in Agriculture, retail and small business enterprises to get loans for business at
flexible terms and concessional interest rates. The maximum amount of loan under this scheme for
women between the age bracket of 18-45 years is ₹1 lakhs but your family income is also taken into
consideration and is set at ₹45,000 per annum for SC/ST women.

6. Cent Kalyani Scheme-This scheme is offered by the Central Bank of India with the aim of
supporting women in starting a new venture or expanding or modifying an existing enterprise. This
 scheme requires no collateral security or guarantor and charges no processing fees. And the maximum
amount that can be granted under the scheme is Rs. 100 lakhs.

7. Mahila Udyam Nidhi Scheme-This scheme is launched by Punjab National Bank and aims at
supporting the women entrepreneurs involved in the small scale industries by granting them soft loans
that can be repaid over a period of 10 years. Under this scheme there are different plans for beauty
parlors, day care centres, purchase of auto rickshaws, two-wheelers, cars, etc. the maximum amount
granted under this scheme is ₹10 lakhs and the interest depends upon the market rates.

8. Mudra Yojana Scheme For Women-This scheme has been launched by the Govt. of India for
individual women wanting to start small new enterprises and businesses like beauty parlors, tailoring
units, tuition centres, etc. as well as a group of women wanting to start a venture together. The loan
doesn‟t require any collateral security and can be availed as per 3 schemes –
i. Shishu – loan amount is limited to ₹50,000 and can be availed by those businesses that are in their
initial stages.

ii. Kishor – loan amount ranges between ₹50,000 and ₹5 lakhs and can be availed by those who have a
well-established enterprise.

iii. Tarun – loan amount is ₹10 lakhs and can be availed by those businesses that are well established but
require further funds for the purpose of expansion

9. Orient Mahila Vikas Yojana Scheme-This scheme is provided by Oriental Bank of Commerce to
those women who hold a 51% share capital individually or jointly in a proprietary concern. No collateral
security is required for loans of ₹10 lakhs up to ₹25 lakhs in case of small-scale industries and the period
of repayment is 7 years. A concession on the interest rate of up to 2% is given.

STEPS IN WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

There are various steps in achieving women empowerment

1. The first step begins at a personal level. An individual woman develops feelings of personal
power, command and self-sufficiency over material and inherent choices she has to make.
2. In the second step, empowerment takes place on an interpersonal level. Here a woman influences
the decision making power of another women through their contact and working together.
3. In the third step, they emphasize the goals for social action and social change. A community
development programmes develops through a group efforts. But there can be possibility of
backward linkages also. A community development.
TOP 10
WOMEN
ENTREPRENE-
URS
IN INDIA
10 MOST INFULENTIAL WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN INDIA

1. Indu Jain – Chairperson of Bennet, Coleman (TOI)

Indu Jain was born in Faizabad Uttra Pradesh India, One of the most influential and cultural women, a
multifaceted personality. Currently, she is chairperson of Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. that owns India‟s
leading news daily „The Times of India‟ and many other news daily. She is a lover of art and culture
and was recently awarded the prestigious Padma Bhushan by the Indian Government in 2016, for her
contributions. Forbes 2015 listings, Indu Jain had a net worth of USD 3.1 billion and ranked 57th richest
person in India.

2. Indra Nooyi – Chairwoman of PepsiCo

At 63 years, she is still going strong. Indra Nooyi currently serving on board of directors at Amazon.
She is well known by her role as chairperson and CEO of PepsiCo India Holdings Pvt. Ltd. She holds
master degree in public management which she completed from Yale University and did her marketing
and finance from Kolkata‟s IIM. Before joining Pepsi Co, she was associated with known names like
Asea Brown and Motorola. She truly inspires many women and will inspires generations. Indra Nooyi
consistently maintained ranking among the world‟s 100 most powerful women.
3. Kiran Mazumdar Shaw – Founder of Biocon Limited

Kiran Mazumdar completed her schooling from Bishop Cotton Girl‟s High School, Bangalore. Later she
attended Bangalore‟s Mount Carmel College where she studies biology and zoology. She is the MD
and Chairperson of Biocon Limited, a Bangalore based
bio-pharmaceutical company. Graduated in 1973 and start the company in the year 1978. It was an
industrial enzyme manufacturing company in its initial years but under Kiran‟s leadership, today it is a
full-blown bio-pharmaceutical company. The main focus of the company is to come up with solutions
for diseases like diabetes and cancer that plagues India.

4. Vandana Luthra – Founder of VLCC

She is India‟s influential women for all when it comes to making it big in entrepreneurship. Born in
New Delhi in the year 1959, completed her graduation from New Delhi‟s Polytechnic for Women. She
then ventured to countries like the UK, France and Germany to get necessary insights on nutrition, food,
fitness and beauty. Vandana started the wellness and beauty giant VLCC back in 1989 when her
daughter was just a toddler. She was initially a homemaker who refused to stay in the shackles of a
domestic life. Her determination and diligence led her to be awarded the Padma Shri in the year 2013.
She was later identified by Fortune India as the 33rdmost powerful Indian female entrepreneur.
5. Priya Paul – Chairperson Park Hotels

Bachelor in Economics which she completed from USA‟s Wellesley College. At 51 years of age, she
can be considered as an inspiration for women in India who want to carve a path of their own. Priyal
Paul is the Chairperson of Park Hotels and was awarded the Padma Shri award by the Indian
Government back in the year 2012.

6. Ritu Kumar – World Famous Fashion Designer

Born in 1944 in Amritsar. She later shifted to Shimla to complete her schooling from Loreto Convent.
She later went on to enrol herself at Lady Irwin College. After returning to the country, she went ahead
and enrolled herself at Asutosh Museum of Indian Art, to study museology. One of the popular and
women influential name in the India‟s fashion industry. She was successful in creating a niche market
for her brand which consists of designer ethnic wear, evening formals, swim wear and traditional wear.
Her designs created history three times in a row in the Miss India pageants. Her contributions didn‟t go
unnoticed as she was awarded the Padma Shri by the GOI in 2013.
7. Shahnaz Hussian – CEO of Shahnaz Herbals

After completing her schooling from Lucknow‟s La Martiniere and later on went to the Queen Mary‟s,
Allahabad for further studies. Shahnaz went off to learn cosmetology and cosmetic therapy from leading
Western institutions that include Lean of Copenhagen, Christine Valmy, Schwarzkopf, Lancome and
Helena Rubinstein. She is a popular name in the Indian herbal cosmetics industry. Shahnaz is the CEO
of Shahnaz Herbals Inc. Her company has over 400 franchise clinics across the globe.

8. Suchi Mukherjee – Founder & CEO of Limeroad

Suchi Mukhejee is the founder and CEO of Limeroad, Prior to founding Limeroad, Suchi Mukhejee was
associated with companies like Gumtree, eBay and Skype. She is currently the name people associate
with Limeroad. An economics graduate who then, later on, to pursue her masters in finance and
economics from London School of Economics. She started Limeroad back in the year 2012 along with
Prashant Malik, Manish Saksena and Ankush Mehra.
9. Richa Kar – Co-founder of Zivame

Founder of the online lingerie giant Zivame. She was born in Jamshedpur and did her engineering in
2002 from VITS, Pilani. Richa then went ahead and completed her master‟s degree in management
studies in the year 2007 from Narsee Monji Institute of Management Studies.

10. Aditi Gupta – Founder of Menstrupedia

Aditi Gupta is Co Founder and Managing Partner at Menstrupedia. Indian society suffers from many
taboos and one of them is menstruation. Several people came forward and spearheaded the matter so that
people can finally talk openly about it. Aditi Gupta was one of them who came up with Menstrupedia, a
crowd-funded initiative, with help from Tuhin Paul. Her initiative provides necessary information to
women on how they can stay healthy and practice sanitary habits during their menstruation cycles.
DATA
ANALYSIS &
INTERPRETA-
TION: A CASE
STUDY OF
MANDYA
INTRODUCTION
After the collection of data have been processed, it is necessary that
these data are to be presented and analyzed. As already mentioned that these
project present on “`Women Entrepreneurs of Mandya”. Information was
collected through questionnaire and personal interviews. The same was
presented and analyzed in the following pages.
Data Analysis involves creating a series of observation into description
statement about variables and inference. Respondents are positively reached
for all aspects in the questionnaire.
SELECTION AREA: Mandya
SOURCES COLLECTED: personal interviews.
TOTAL INTERVIEWED ENTREPRENEURS: 24
QUESTIONS ASKED IN INTERVIEW:
 TABLE:1

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF MARTIAL STATUS

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 Married 16 66.66

2 Unmarried 01 04.17

3 Widow 07 29.17

Sources: Primary Data.

FIG.1 MARTIAL STATUS

18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
MARRIED UNMARRIED WIDOW

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.1 shows that 66.66% are married.4.17%
are unmarried. 29.17% are widow.

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there are more married women who are
entrepreneur in Mandya.
 TABLE:2

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF CASTE

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 Hindu 18 75

2 Muslim 04 16.67

3 Christians 01 4.17

4 Other 01 4.17

Sources: Primary Data.

Sales

Hindu
Muslim
christians
Other

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.2 shows that 75% are Hindu. 16.66% are
Muslim.4.17% are Christians & 4.17% are other.

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there are more women entrepreneur who
are belongs to Hindu in Mandya.
 TABLE: 3

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF AGE

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 25-40 10 41.67

2 40-60 11 45.83

3 60ABOVE 3 12.50

Sources: Primary Data.

AGE
50
45
40
35
30
25
AGE
20
15
10
5
0
25-40 40-60 60 Above

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.3 shows that the women entrepreneur who
belongs to age group 25-40 is 41.67%. 40-60 is 45.83% & 60 above is 12.50%.

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there are more women entrepreneur who
are belongs to the age group 40-60.
 TABLE: 4

ANALYSIS OF QUALIFICATION

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 0-10th 17 70.83

2 10th- PUC 2 08.33

3 PUC-DEGREE 4 16.67

4 DEGREE AND MORE 1 04.17

Sources: Primary Data

QUALIFICATION

80
70
60
50
40 QUALIFICATION
30
20
10
0
0-10 10-PUC PUC-DEGREE DEGREE
&MORE

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.4 shows that the women entrepreneur who
had qualification belongs to 0-10th is70.83%. 10th – PUC is 8.33%. PUC- Degree is 16.67% & more than
degree is 4.17%.

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there are more women entrepreneur who
are under qualified by 10th.
 TABLE: 5

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE.

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 KANNADA 18 75

2 URDU 4 16.67

3 OTHER 2 08.33

Sources: Primary Data.

LANGUAGE
80

70

60

50

40
LANGUAGE
30

20

10

0
KANNADA OTHER URDU

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.5 shows that the language spoken by
women entrepreneurs, kannada-75%, urdu-16.67% & other language-8.33%.

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there is more women entrepreneur who is
under qualified by 10th.
 TABLE: 6

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF FAMILY ANNUAL INCOME

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 10K-1L 18 75

2 1L-2L 3 12.5

3 2L-3L 2 8.33

4 3L &more 1 4.17

Sources: Primary Data.

FAMILY ANNUAL INCOME

80

70

60

50

40
FAMILY ANNUAL INCOME
30

20

10

0
10K-1L 2L-3L 1L-2L 3L& MORE

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.6 shows that the family annual income of
women entrepreneurs, from 10k- 1L is 75%, 1L-2L is 12.5%, 2L-3L is 8.33% & 3L more is 4.17%.

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there is more women entrepreneur who
belongs to 10k-1L family income.
 TABLE: 7

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS FOR THE QUESTION

“BECAUSE OF COMPETATION ARE YOU EVER THOUGHT ABOUT STEP BACKT?”

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 YES 23 95.83

2 NO 1 04.17

Sources: Primary Data.

YES
NO

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.7 shows that because of competition
women entrepreneurs are thought about stepping back have a chances of YES is 95.83% and for NO is
4.17%

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there are more women entrepreneur who
thought about stepping back because of competition are more.
 TABLE: 8

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS FOR THE QUESTION

“IS EDUCATION MANDATORY FOR BEING AN ENTREPRENEUR?”

SL.NO CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 YES 5 20.83

2 NO 14 58.34

3 BOTH 5 20.83

Sources: Primary Data.

YES
NO
BOTH

Discussion: The survey sample represents in table and figure.8 shows that YES is 20.83%, NO is
58.34% & both is 20.83% for the education is mandatory for being and entrepreneur.

Inference: The above results revealed that survey shows that there is no education needed to start a
Business and to become a women entrepreneur.
CONCLUSION:

India is a male dominated society and women are assumed to be economically as well as socially
dependent on male members. Women entrepreneurs faced lots of problems like lack of education, social
barriers, legal formalities, high cost of production, male dominated society, limited managerial ability,
lack of self-confidence etc. Various factors like pull and push factors influencing women entrepreneurs.
Successful leading business women in India

Government takes various steps for the uplift of women entrepreneur in 7 th five year plan, 8th five year
plan and in 9th five year plan. Women have the potential and determination to setup. Uphold and
supervise their own enterprise in a very systematic manner, appropriate support and encouragement
from the society, family, government can make these women entrepreneur a part of mainstream of
national economy and they can contribute to the economy progress of India.

To sum up we can say that women comprise around half of the human population. But Indian society is
still male-dominated and women are not treated as equal partner, either inside, or outside the four walls
of the house. In fact they are treated as weak and dependent creatures. But now days situation are
change, government take various initiatives to promote women entrepreneur.
REFERENCES:

Primary Source.
Secondary Source.-
 Research paper on “Impact of micro finance on Women Empowerment”.
 www.academia.edu.com
 https://sheroes.com>articles.
 www.yourarticlelibrary.com>womenentrepreneur.
 https://bbamantra.com
 www.vocabulary.com
 www.investopedia.com
 www.researchgate.com
 www.indianwriting.com
 www.internationaljournal.com.
 www.shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in.
CASE
STUDY:
PRIMARY
DATA