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    Microbiology

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    Rica Mariae
    The document provides information about disinfection and sterilization techniques. It discusses that chemical methods are more efficient at disinfecting hard surfaces than physical methods. It defines disinfection as removing germs but not bacterial spores, while sterilization eliminates all microbes. Autoclaves use steam heat to sterilize equipment by heating above the boiling point of water. Disinfection and sterilization are critical in nursing to prevent disease transmission via medical devices. Prior situations show their importance, like sterilizing reused hospital equipment.

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    Microbiology

    Uploaded by

    Rica Mariae
    16 views5 pages
    The document provides information about disinfection and sterilization techniques. It discusses that chemical methods are more efficient at disinfecting hard surfaces than physical methods. It defines disinfection as removing germs but not bacterial spores, while sterilization eliminates all microbes. Autoclaves use steam heat to sterilize equipment by heating above the boiling point of water. Disinfection and sterilization are critical in nursing to prevent disease transmission via medical devices. Prior situations show their importance, like sterilizing reused hospital equipment.

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    The document provides information about disinfection and sterilization techniques. It discusses that chemical methods are more efficient at disinfecting hard surfaces than physical methods. It defines disinfection as removing germs but not bacterial spores, while sterilization eliminates all microbes. Autoclaves use steam heat to sterilize equipment by heating above the boiling point of water. Disinfection and sterilization are critical in nursing to prevent disease transmission via medical devices. Prior situations show their importance, like sterilizing reused hospital equipment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views5 pages

    Microbiology

    Uploaded by

    Rica Mariae
    The document provides information about disinfection and sterilization techniques. It discusses that chemical methods are more efficient at disinfecting hard surfaces than physical methods. It defines disinfection as removing germs but not bacterial spores, while sterilization eliminates all microbes. Autoclaves use steam heat to sterilize equipment by heating above the boiling point of water. Disinfection and sterilization are critical in nursing to prevent disease transmission via medical devices. Prior situations show their importance, like sterilizing reused hospital equipment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    NAME: RICA MARIAE J.

    ROSIALDA DATE: 06/30/21


    YEAR & SECTION: BSN-1A

    C. EXPLAIN
    Instructions: Give your answer as briefly as possible.

    1. Which is the most effective in disinfecting hard


    surfaces, chemical or physical method? Defend your
    answer. (5 pts.)
    • For me, the chemical approach is more efficient in
    cleaning hard surfaces since it performs a better
    job of eradicating germs when given enough time.
    Most pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and spores are
    killed or irreversibly inactivated. In terms of
    disinfection, both are excellent.
    2. Define disinfection & sterilization. Describe the
    principle and uses of autoclave. (5 pts)
    • Disinfection refers to the process of removing many
    or all harmful germs from inanimate items, excluding
    bacterial spores. While sterilization is a procedure
    that uses physical or chemical means to kill or
    eliminate all kinds of microbial life in health-care
    facilities. An autoclave is a device that sterilizes
    equipment using the moist heat sterilization
    concept, in which saturated steam is produced under
    pressure to kill microorganisms such as bacteria,
    viruses, and even heat-resistant endospores. This is
    accomplished by heating the devices within the
    device to temperatures over the boiling point of
    water.
    3. What is the importance of disinfection and sterilization
    in the field of nursing? Why so? (5 pts)
    • Disinfection and sterilization is the process of
    reducing the quantity of germs to a level where they
    pose no harm to patients or clients. It is critical
    for preventing infectious microorganisms from being
    transmitted to patients via medical and surgical
    devices. It is only effective if surfaces and
    equipment are well cleaned with detergent and water
    prior.
    4. Give a situation in the past where disinfection and
    sterilization proved to be important. (5 pts)
    • When healthcare personnel sterilized and disinfected
    the used equipments that made contact with blood and
    patients who have been admitted in the hospital to
    re-use, they made sure that it was sterile to not
    spread and minimize the presence of microorganisms
    that may harm the patients.

    D. ELABORATE
    Instructions: Fill in the missing information.

    DISINFECTANT USES
    1. Alcohol • Ethyl alcohol- used as surgical
    spirit (70%) in hand rubs or, as
    antiseptics
    • Isopropyl alcohol is used for
    clinical thermometers and small
    instruments
    2. Formaldehyde Used for preservation of anatomical
    specimen
    Formaldehyde gas is use for fumigation
    of closed areas, such as operation
    theaters

    3. Phenolic compounds • Used as antiseptic and disinfectant


    4. Chlorine • Used for disinfection of municipal
    water supplies and swimming pool
    waters.
    5. Sodium • Used as laboratory disinfectant for
    Hypochlorite disinfecting blood and other
    specimens is also used blood spillage
    areas.
    6. Biguanide • Used as antiseptic products
    particularly in hand rub hand wash
    solutions, mouth wash, body wash
    solutions and as skin disinfectant.
    And is also used a s preservative.
    7. Hydrogen peroxide • Used to disinfect ventilator soft
    contact lenses, and tonometer
    biprisms.
    8. Ethylene oxide • Used for sterilization of many heat
    sensitive items, such as disposable
    plastic petri dishes and syringes,
    heart-lung machine components,
    sutures, catheters, respirators and
    dental equipment.
    9. Glutaraldehyde • Used for sterilization for endoscope
    and cystoscope as it is non-corrosive
    for metals.
    10. Iodophor • It is used as a skin antiseptic for
    (povidone iodine) wounds, preoperatively and also for
    venipuncture.

    E. EVALUATE

    A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
    Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

    1. Tyndallization is a type of:


    a. Intermittent sterilization c. boiling
    b. Pasteurization d. dry heat

    2. Geobacillus stearothermophilus is used as indicator for


    efficacy of:
    a. Hot air oven c. filtration
    b. Autoclave d. ultraviolet rays

    3. Which of the following is most resistant to sterilization?


    a. Tubercle bacilli c. spores
    b. Viruses d. prions

    4. Endoscope is sterilized by:


    a. Glutaraldehyde c. autoclaving
    b. Formaldehyde d. hot air oven

    5. Which is a form of cold sterilization?


    a. Infrared rays c. steam sterilization
    b. Gamma rays d. UV rays
    6. The decreasing order of resistance of microorganisms to
    disinfectant or sterilizing agents is:
    a. Bacterial spores > Prions > non-enveloped viruses >
    enveloped viruses
    b. Prions > bacterial spores > non-enveloped viruses >
    enveloped viruses
    c. Prions > bacterial spores > enveloped viruses > non-
    enveloped viruses
    d. Bacterial spores > non-enveloped viruses > prions >
    enveloped viruses

    7. Moist heat at a temperature below 100 C include all,


    except:
    a. Pasteurization c. water bath
    b. Tyndallization d. inspissation

    8. Which of the following method satisfies the definition of


    sterilization?
    a. Intermittent sterilization c. fractional sterilization
    b. Cold sterilization d. none

    9. The sterilization control of membrane filters includes:


    a. Serratia marcescens c. bacillus atrophaeus
    b. Geo Stearothermophilus d. Bacillus subtilis

    10. Which of the following disinfectant is used for hand wash?


    a. Ethylene oxide c. formaldehyde
    b. Chlorhexidine d. povidone iodine

    11. Which of the following is used for disinfection of blood


    spillage area?
    a. Phenol c. hypochlorite
    b. Lysol d. formaldehyde

    12. Which of the following disinfectant is used for fogging of


    operation theatres?
    a. Formaldehyde c. hydrogen peroxide based
    b. Glutaraldehyde based d. all of the above

    13. Which of the following disinfectant is used in plasma


    sterilization?
    a. Formaldehyde c. hydrogen peroxide
    b. Glutaraldehyde d. ethylene oxide
    14. Sporicidal agents are all, except:
    a. Ethylene oxide c. absolute alcohol
    b. Formaldehyde d. glutaraldehyde

    15. It was the first widely used antiseptic and disinfectant.


    a. Phenol c. halogens
    b. Chlorine d. aldehydes

    16. It was introduced in surgery in 1867by Joseph Lister.


    a. Phenol c. halogens
    b. Chlorine d. aldehydes

    17. It acts by denaturing proteins and disrupting cell


    membranes.
    a. Phenol c. halogens
    b. Chlorine d. aldehydes

    18. They exist in free state, and form salt with sodium and
    most other metals.
    a. Phenol c. halogens
    b. Chlorine d. aldehydes

    19. It is used for disinfection of municipal water supplies and


    swimming pools water.
    a. Phenol c. halogens
    b. Chlorine d. aldehydes

    20. They combine with nucleic acids, proteins and inactivate


    them.
    a. Phenol c. halogens
    b. Chlorine d. aldehydes

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