Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

PHILIPPINE
CONTEMPORA
RY ARTS FROM
THE REGIONS
MODULES
Prepared by:

HERNEL H. PALMA, T-II

WEEK 2
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

LESSON 2

VISUAL ART (ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES)

A. Analyzes contemporary art forms based on the elements and principles.

OBJECTIVES

▪ Identify and explain the different elements and principles of contemporary art;

▪ Explain the difference between shape and form; and

▪ Create a monochromatic collage.

B. Content Explanation

What is art? Art is the embodiment of an idea, a view of life, or feeling in an expressive form and
design. Artist make these artistic expressions using different tool, materials, and methods.
Majority of the Visual Arts refer to the arts that can be seen and can be appreciated by looking at
them. These include painting, photography, print, film, sculpture, and architecture.
Visual Arts may have no words, yet they have the power to communicate feelings, moods, and
ideas thru the elements and principles of art.
The six visual elements of art are:
1. Line
2. Color
3. Shape
4. Form
5. Space
6. Texture

The principles of art can be compare to the rules of grammar that govern how a sentence is put
together.

The principles of art are:

1. Balance
2. Emphasis
3. Harmony
4. Movement’
5. Proportion
6. Unity
7. Variety
8. Rhythm
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

Elements of Art: Line, Shape, Form, Space, Color, and Texture

LINES
A line is mark made by a moving point. There are five main kinds of lines: horizontal, vertical,
diagonal, curved, and zigzag. Each type is capable of communicating a feeling to the viewer.
They use lines to control the movement of viewer’s eyes. When you see a line, your eyes
usually follow its movement.
Horizontal lines are parallel to the ground. They are lying down. Horizontal lines in art seem to
be at rest. They evoke peace and calmness.
Vertical lines move straight up and down. In art, vertical lines seem to stand at attention. They
show dignity and strength.
Diagonal Lines seem to be leaning and are somewhere between a vertical and a horizontal
line. In art, diagonal lines show action and excitement. Sometimes, they make a viewer feel tense and
uncomfortable when they go in various directions.
Curved lines express movement in a graceful and flowing way.
Zigzag lines are made by combining diagonal lines that form sharp angle and suddenly change
direction. Zigzag lines suggest action and nervous excitement. They can create confusion.
SHAPE
Shape is a two- dimensional figure enclosed by a line. Shapes are flat. They have only height
and weight. The two kinds of shapes are geometric and organic
Geometric shapes are precise shapes that look as if they were made with a ruler or other
drawing tools. The five basic geometric shapes are: square, circle, triangle, rectangle, and oval.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

Organic shapes are not regular or even. Their outlines curve to make free-form shapes.
Organic shapes are often found in nature.
FORM
Form is an element of art that refers to an object with three dimensions- height, width, and
depth. Like shapes, forms are either geometric or organic. Examples of organic form are leaves,
stones, and shells.
Shape and Forms are closely related. One side of a cube is a square. A triangle is a shape. A
pyramid is a form.
SPACE
Space is an element of art that refers to the distance or area- between, around, above and
below- within objects. All objects occupy space. A space that is empty is called negative space.
TEXTURE
Texture is the surface quality of an object. Texture is perceived through two senses- touch and
sight. There are three kinds of textures: tactile, artificial, and visual.
Tactile textures are real textures which you can touch and fell. Artificial textures refer to human- made
surface quality that supposed to look and feel like some material. Visual textures are textures evoked
by a photograph or picture depicting an object. They call to mind memories of how those objects feel
when touched.

COLOR
Color is the element of art that is derived from reflected light. Color has three properties: hue, value,
and intensity. Hue is the color’s name. Red, yellow, and blue are the primary hues. These colors are
called primary because they can be mixed to make all other hues. All other hues come from them.
They make every other hue except white.
Two primary hues mixed together produce a secondary hue. The secondary hues are green, orange,
and violet. To get orange, for example, you mix equal parts of red and yellow.
An intermediate or tertiary hue is made by mixing a primary hue and its neighboring secondary hue.
When you mix the primary hue yellow and with secondary hue green, you get the tertiary hue yellow-
green.
Value is a property of color concerned with the lightness or darkness of hue.
Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a color.
Complementary colors are colors opposite each other on the color wheel. Red and green are
complementary colors.
Monochromatic color scheme. Monochromatic colors are a harmony of one color and its variations or
different values of a single color. Monochrome means single color. A color scheme using dark blue,
medium blue, and light blue is monochromatic.
Analogous colors are colors that are side by side on the color wheel and share a hue. Yellow, yellow-
orange, and yellow- green are analogous colors that share the hue yellow.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

CHECK UP
1. Compare and contrast visual texture and tactile texture.
2. What are the two kinds of shapes? Differentiate one from the other.
3. Compare and contrast form and shape

Activity: Monochrome Collage

Objectives

1.Define a monochromatic color scheme

2. Arrange shapes in different variations of the same color into a pleasing composition
3. Create a monochromatic collage

Materials

White paper, paste, scissors, large selection of picture from magazines

Procedure

1. Select color and its many variations from an old magazine

2. Cut out the colors you have selected. For example, you can cut out pages with different shades,
tints, and values of blue.
3. Cut out several geometric and free-form shapes of different sizes. Do not cut out pictures of real
objects.
4. Arrange the shapes of different sizes into pleasing composition.
5. Try several arrangements before you decide to paste them permanently on white paper.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

RUBRIC FOR MONCHROME COLLAGE

CRITERIA HIGHEST SCORE 100 YOUR SCORE TEACHER SCORE

PTS.
Performance
▪Follows direction/
requirements
▪ Completes work
independently
Behavior
▪ Helpful and shares
materials
▪ Respects the work of
classmates
Creativity/ Originality
▪ Work is original
▪ Good selection of
tints and shades
Craftsmanship
▪ Work is neat, clean,
and complete
▪ Finished work is
pleasing to look at
Effort
▪ Cuts and pastes
different kinds and
sizes of shapes
▪ Tints and shades
selected with care
Total Points
Equivalent Rating

Highest Possible Score: 100 pts.

Very Good: 90- 100 points = 90; Good: 80- 89 pts.= 85; Fair: 70- 79 pts. =80; Poor: 60-69 pts. =75

Questions to Answer

1. What does monochromatic mean?

2. Why do you think some artists show liking or preference for certain colors in painting?

SUMMARY
▪ A line is mark is mark made by a moving point.
▪ There are two kinds of shapes: geometric and organic.
▪ Shape is two- dimensional; form is three- dimensional
▪ There are three kinds of textures: tactile, artificial, and visual.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

Principles of Art: Emphasis, Harmony, Proportion, Rhythm, and Balance

OBJECTIVES
▪ Explain the different principles of art;

▪ Differentiate the three kinds of balance.

The elements of art are compared to be parts of the sentence; the principles of art can be
compared to the rules of grammar that govern how the sentence is put together.

Principles of Art

The principles of art refer to the guide in organizing the elements of art. Your success in
creating your artwork depends on how you apply the different principles in making the artwork.

Balance in an artwork is the placement of all the elements of the composition so that their
visual weights seem evenly distributed. It is the quality which makes the composition of the artwork
stable. There are three kinds of balance.

▪ Formal balance or symmetrical balance is a type of balance in which the contents on either
side of a center line exactly the same. One side would mirror the other.

▪ Informal balance or asymmetrical balance is a type of balance in which the two sides of an
artwork are not exactly alike, yet still appears pleasantly even.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

▪ Radial balance occurs when all the elements in the composition radiate outward from the
center or toward it.

Emphasis is the principle of art concerned with making an element or object in a work stand
out.

Harmony is the principle of art concerned with combining related art elements to create
pleasing appearance. The parts of the composition should not clash with one another.

Proportion deals with the proper relation between two objects or parts. The parts of a work
should relate to the other parts, as well as on the entire composition.

Unity is the arrangement of elements to create a feeling of oneness. When the parts of a work
come together, the work has unity. Each part fits in with the others to create a single idea, quality, or
a whole design.

Variety is the principle of art concerned with combining different art elements like colors, lines,
shapes, and textures to increase visual interest.

Rhythm is the regular repetition of lines, shapes, colors, and other art elements in the same or
similar ways to suggest flowing movement. The repetition of any element over and over forms a
pattern. Rhythmic patterns can be achieved by repetition, alternation, or progression.

Movement is the principle of art used to create the look and feel of action, and to guide the
viewer’s eyes throughout a work of art. Artists create movement through a careful blending of
elements such as line and shape.

CHECK UP

1. Define principles of art.

Activity

In this activity, you will use radial balance to create patterns for a piece of round art.

Materials
Oslo paper crayons
Pencil and eraser newspaper
Scissors
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

RUBRIC FOR RADIAL DESIGN

CRITERIA Very Good Good Fair Poor

4 pts. 3 pts 2 pts 1 pt.
Meeting the
general
expectations
1.Followed the
appropriate shape
and directions
2.Has a center point
3.Shows lines
radiating from the
center or toward it
Used the elements
of art that apply
1.line
2.shapes
3. form
4.color
5.texture
6.value
Used the
principles of art
that apply
1.balance
2.contrast
3.rhythm
4.emphais
5.movement
6.unity
Showed creativity
and effort
1.Shows originality,
own style, point of
view
2.Pleasing to look at, has attractive colors
3.Shows effort
Showed skill and craftsmanship
1.Control technique
2.Constructed with care
3.Work is clean and neatly done
Total Points
Equivalent Rating

Highest Possible Score: 84 pts.

Very Good: 64- 84 points = 90; Good: 43- 63 pts.= 85; Fair: 22- 42 pts. =80; Poor: 1-21 pts. =75
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XII
City Schools Division of Koronadal
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal

Questions to Answer

1. What is radial balance?

2. Explain how unity was achieved in the art activity.

SUMMARY
▪ There are eight principles of art: balance, rhythm,
TYPES movement, emphasis, variety, proportion, unity,
OF EATING
and harmony.
A. Differentiates types of eating (fueling for performance, emotional eating, social eating, eating while
▪ The principles
watching tv or of art are
dance guidelines
events). that govern the way artists organize the elements of art.
PEH12FH-Ie-4

SOURCES:
Lugue, Vivian R., Copiaco, Hazel P. and Palu-ay, Alvenia P. Enjoy Life with MUSIC and ARTS.
Sd Publications, Inc. G. Araneta Ave. cor. Ma.Clara St. 1107 Quezon City Philippines