Elements of Arts

SESSION GUIDE IN ARTS GRADE 7
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the session the participants should be
able to:
a. Identify the elements of arts and the principle of designs

through art appreciation.
b. Analyze the fundamental elements and principles of designs

through sample art forms. (i.e. painting, architecture ,sculpture
etc.)
c. Create a composition that show elements and principles of

design using objects from nature and found objects at home and
in school.
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
PAINTING
ARCHITECTURE
.
SCULPTURE
.
Elements of Art
The
ingredients for
a great
Composition.
LINE VALUE TEXTURE
SHAPE FORM SPACE COLOR
LINE
A mark drawn by a tool such as a
pencil, pen, or paintbrush as it moves
across a surface.
Lines can be:
L o n g or short
Thick or thin
Rough or smooth
Broken or solid
A line is a path that a point takes through
space. Lines can be thick, thin, dotted or solid. They can
make straight movements, zig-zags, waves or curls.
They may be horizontal
vertical
diagonal
Lines can convey emotion as well. They may show
excitement, anger, calmness, tension, happiness and
many other feelings. Because of this, some are said to be
expressive.
Horizontal Lines are generally restful, like the
horizon, where the sky meets land.
Vertical lines seem to be reaching, so they may seem
inspirational like tall majestic trees or church steeples.
Diagonal lines tend to be disturbing. They suggest
decay or chaos like lightening or falling trees.
Expressive Lines tend to be found in nature and are
very organic.
Other lines that are very measured, geometric, directional and
angular are called Constructive lines. They tend to appear to
be man-made because of their precision.
SHAPE
Shape is created when a line becomes
connected and encloses space. It is the
outline or outward appearance of something.
Shapes are 2 Dimensional (2-D) which means
there are 2 ways they can be measured.
You can measure its HEIGHT and its
WIDTH.
There are two basic types of shape.
• The 2 types of shape
Geometric shapes have smooth even
edges and are measurable. The include the
square, the circle, the triangle and the
rectangle.
Organic shapes have more complicated edges
and are usually found in nature. Leaves,
flowers, amoeba, etc.
FORM
A Form is a shape that has become 3-
Dimensional (3-D) Form has HEIGHT,
WIDTH and DEPTH--which is the 3rd
dimension. Depth shows the thickness of
the object. Forms are NOT flat like shapes
are.
Turning Shapes into Forms
A triangle becomes a cone or a pyramid
A square becomes a cube
Turning Shapes into Forms
A rectangle can become a box or a
cylinder.
In order to turn a circle into a sphere, you must shade it. You
can’t add another side to it!
COLOR
Color can add interest and reality to artwork. The use of a
12-step color wheel will help us understand color more
effectively. When light is reflected through a prism, colors
can be seen.
These colors are: Red, Yellow, Orange, Green, Indigo, Blue

and Violet
Remember the anagram: ROY G BIV
Color Wheel
A long time ago, artists
decided that these colors
would be more useful to them
if they were placed in a wheel
fashion. This became known
as the color wheel.
There are 3 primary colors:
Red, Yellow and Blue
These colors are primary for 2 reasons:
1. They can’t be mixed to be made

2. They make all the other colors on the color wheel
When you mix 2 primary colors together, you get a
secondary color.
For example:
Red and Yellow= Orange
Red and Blue= Violet
Yellow and Blue= Green
When you mix a primary and a secondary
color together you get an intermediate color.
For example:
Red and Orange= Red-Orange

Yellow and Green= Yellow-Green
Blue and Green= Blue-Green
Red and Violet= Red-Violet
Yellow and Orange= Yellow-Orange
Blue and Violet= Blue-Violet
Color schemes
Color is divided into groups
based on the way they are
placed on the color wheel:
3-4 colors “next-door-
neighbors” to each other
creates an analogous color
scheme
Color schemes
2 colors that are
directly opposite each
other (going across
the center) creates a
complementary color
scheme
Color schemes
A Split-Complementary
color scheme is a harmony
of color and that features a
base color and two colors
on either side of its
complement.
Color schemes
A Triadic color scheme uses 3 colors that are equally
spaced apart on the color wheel
TEMPERATURE
Colors have temperatures
Colors can convey emotion and feelings too.
Have your ever felt “blue?”

Been “green’ with envy?
Called a “yellow” coward?
It is important that artists understand the

effects of color when they are trying to get the
viewers of their art to feel a particular way.
Warm colors are
those that have Reds,
Yellows and Oranges.
Warm colors seem to
advance (or come
forward) in an
artwork.
Cool colors are
those that have
Blues, Greens and
Violets. Cool colors
seem to recede (or
go back into) an
artwork.
Color can be described by its
Properties:
Hue
Intensity
Value
HUE
HUE
• The actual color, or the
identity of a color.
INTENSITY
INTENSITY
• is the brightness or dullness of a
color
• is a color’s strength, saturation,
purity
VALUE
Value is the lightness or A light source is the place
darkness of a color. Value makes where the light is coming
objects appear more real from, the darkest areas are
because it imitates natural light. always on the opposite
When showing value in a work side of the light.
of art, you will need a LIGHT
SOURCE.
VALUE
In order to have a successful
drawing, you will need to show a full
value range, which means that there
are very light areas, middle tones,
and very dark areas. This is a way
of giving a work of art Contrast.
In drawing value can be added
several ways:
Color Value
When you use only one color plus its tints and
shades, you are using a monochromatic color
scheme.
A tint is a color plus white

A shade is a color plus black
TEXTURE
Texture is the way the
surface of an object
actually feels.
In the artistic world, we

refer to two types of
texture---tactile and
implied
TACTILE OR REAL
• is the way the surface of
an object actually feels.
Examples would be
sandpaper, cotton balls,
tree bark, puppy fur,
etc.
IMPLIED
Implied Texture is the way the
surface of an object looks like it
feels. This is the type of texture
that artists use when they draw
and paint. Textures may look
rough, fuzzy, gritty, or scruffy,
but can’t actually be felt.
SPACE
The distance
around,
between,
above, below,
and within an
object.
Positive and Negative space is a
way that an artwork is divided.
When planning a work of art,
both areas must be examined so
that they balance one another.
Drawing items running off the
page and zooming in on objects
are ways to create visual
interest within a work.
Space is basically divided into 3 parts:
Foreground, Middle Ground and Background
Space can be shallow or deep depending on what the
artist wants to use. Shallow space is used when the artist has
objects very close to the viewer.
Deep Space
may show
objects up
close but
objects are
shown far
away
too.
Perspective is also a
way of showing space in a work
of art. Perspective is when the
artist uses a vanishing point on
the horizon and then creates a
sense of deep space by showing
objects getting progressively
smaller as they get closer to the
vanishing point.
Objects may overlap as well. When objects are overlapped
it is obvious that enough space had to be in the picture to
contain all the objects that have been included.

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SESSION GUIDE IN ARTS GRADE 7

a. Identify the elements of arts and the principle of designs

b. Analyze the fundamental elements and principles of designs

c. Create a composition that show elements and principles of

SHAPE FORM SPACE COLOR

They may be horizontal

There are two basic types of shape.

A square becomes a cube

These colors are: Red, Yellow, Orange, Green, Indigo, Blue

Red, Yellow and Blue

These colors are primary for 2 reasons:

1. They can’t be mixed to be made

Red and Blue= Violet

Yellow and Blue= Green

Red and Orange= Red-Orange

Have your ever felt “blue?”

It is important that artists understand the

A tint is a color plus white

In the artistic world, we

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