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    10.5. Chemical Nomenclature - Molecular Compounds and Acids

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    Nina Anne Marie Pascual
    The document discusses chemical nomenclature and classification of compounds. It covers: 1. Ions can be monoatomic or polyatomic, and metals form cations while non-metals form anions. 2. Compounds are classified as ionic, containing metals and non-metals, or molecular, containing only nonmetals. 3. Ionic compounds are named by writing the cation first followed by the anion, while molecular compounds use Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms present.

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    10.5. Chemical Nomenclature - Molecular Compounds and Acids

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    Nina Anne Marie Pascual
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    The document discusses chemical nomenclature and classification of compounds. It covers: 1. Ions can be monoatomic or polyatomic, and metals form cations while non-metals form anions. 2. Compounds are classified as ionic, containing metals and non-metals, or molecular, containing only nonmetals. 3. Ionic compounds are named by writing the cation first followed by the anion, while molecular compounds use Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms present.

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    The document discusses chemical nomenclature and classification of compounds. It covers: 1. Ions can be monoatomic or polyatomic, and metals form cations while non-metals form anions. 2. Compounds are classified as ionic, containing metals and non-metals, or molecular, containing only nonmetals. 3. Ionic compounds are named by writing the cation first followed by the anion, while molecular compounds use Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms present.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views17 pages

    10.5. Chemical Nomenclature - Molecular Compounds and Acids

    Uploaded by

    Nina Anne Marie Pascual
    The document discusses chemical nomenclature and classification of compounds. It covers: 1. Ions can be monoatomic or polyatomic, and metals form cations while non-metals form anions. 2. Compounds are classified as ionic, containing metals and non-metals, or molecular, containing only nonmetals. 3. Ionic compounds are named by writing the cation first followed by the anion, while molecular compounds use Greek prefixes to indicate the number of atoms present.

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    of 17

    Chemical Nomenclature:

    Molecular Compounds and Acids


    “from shadows and symbols into the truth”
    -Henry Newman
    Metals and Non-metals
    Elements and Ions
    What are the things we know?
    ✓ Some elements are neutral, so their charge is
    zero.
    ✓ Some are ions not neutral, so they have charges
    as cation or anion.
    ✓ Some ions are composed of single atom;
    monoatomic.
    ✓ Some ions are composed of more than one
    atom; polyatomic.
    Chemical Nomenclature
    Non-metals form
    anions
    Metals form cations

    Transition metals
    can form more than
    one cations
    Chemical Nomenclature
    Classification of Compounds
    1. Ionic compound – metal and non-metal
    2. Molecular compound – nonmetallic
    elements

    Binary compound – two elements


    Ternary compound – three elements
    Ionic Compounds
    Monoatomic ions
    Cation Anion
    sodium Na+ fluoride F-
    rubidium Rb+ iodide I-
    magnesium Mg2+ oxide O2-
    calcium Ca2+ sulfide S2-
    aluminum Al3+ Selenide Se2-
    manganese (II) Mn2+ nitride N3-
    manganese (III) Mn3+ phosphide P3-
    manganese (IV) Mn4+ carbide C4-
    Ionic Compounds
    Polyatomic ions
    Cation Anion
    ammonium NH4+ cyanide CN-
    hydronium H3O+ hydroxide OH-
    nitrite NO2-
    Anion nitrate NO3-
    hypochlorite ClO- permanganate MnO4-
    chlorite ClO2- carbonate CO32-
    chlorate ClO3- bicarbonate HCO3-
    perchlorate ClO4- phosphate PO43-
    Ionic Compounds
    Write the formula for
    Magnesium nitride and
    Magnesium oxide

    2+ 3-
    (Mg , N , 2-
    O )
    Mg3N2
    MgO
    Ionic Compounds
    Name the following chemical
    formula
    (a) Cu(NO3)2; (b) KMnO4; (c) NH4ClO3

    Copper (II) nitrate


    Potassium permanganate
    Ammonium chlorate
    Prefix
    mono-
    Meaning
    1
    Molecular Compound
    di- 2 Again, molecular compound is
    tri- 3 combination of nonmetallic
    tetra- 4 elements
    penta- 5
    hexa- 6
    hepta- 7 Greek prefixes use to denote
    octa- 8 number of atoms present.
    nona- 9
    deca- 10
    Prefix
    mono-
    Meaning
    1
    Molecular Compound
    di- 2 CO carbon monoxide
    tri- 3 CO2 carbon dioxide
    tetra- 4 SO2 sulfur dioxide
    penta- 5 SO3 sulfur trioxide
    hexa- 6 NO2 nitrogen dioxide
    hepta- 7 N2O4 dinitrogen tetroxide
    octa- 8 H2O dihydrogen monoxide
    nona- 9 Mono- for the 1st element may be
    deca- 10 omitted
    Prefix
    mono-
    Meaning
    1
    Molecular Compound
    di- 2 H2O dihydrogen monoxide
    tri- 3 water
    tetra- 4 B2H6 diborane
    penta- 5 CH4 methane
    hexa- 6 SiH4 silane
    hepta- 7 NH3 ammonia
    octa- 8 PH3 phosphine
    nona- 9 Common name of compounds with H
    deca- 10 atom present
    Prefix
    mono-
    Meaning
    1
    Molecular Compound
    di- 2 Name the following compounds or
    tri- 3 vice versa.
    tetra- 4
    1. AsF3 8. carbon disulfide
    penta- 5 2. SiCl4 9. disilicon hexabromide
    hexa- 6 3. P4O10 10. sulfur tetrafluoride
    hepta- 7 4. NF3 11. dinitrogen pentoxide
    octa- 8 5. Cl2O7 12. nitrogen trichloride
    nona- 9 6. NO 13. tetraphosphorus
    deca- 10 7. N2O4 hexoxide
    Nomenclature of Acids
    Acids are substances that yields
    hydrogen ion (H+) when dissolved into
    water.
    H atom and anion

    HCl(g) – hydrogen chloride


    HCl(l) – hydrogen chloride
    HCl(aq) – hydrochloric acid
    Nomenclature of Acids
    Anion Corresponding acid
    F- (fluoride) HF (hydrofluoric acid)
    Cl- (chloride) HCl (hydrochloric acid)
    Br- (bromide) HBr (hydrobromic acid)
    I- (iodide) HI (hydroiodic acid)
    CN- (cyanide) HCN (hydrocyanic acid)
    S2- (sulfide) H2S (hydrosulfuric acid)
    Naming acids without the presence of oxygen atom, add
    prefix hydro-.
    Nomenclature of Acids
    Anion Corresponding acid
    CO32- (carbonate) H2CO3 (carbonic acid)
    ClO3- (chlorate) HClO3 (chloric acid)
    NO3- (nitrate) HNO3 (nitric acid)
    PO43- (phosphate) H3PO4 (phosphoric acid)
    SO42- (sulfate) H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)

    Naming oxoacids which contain hydrogen, oxygen, and


    another element.
    Common Names

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