SECTION 6C

POWER STEERING GEAR

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Description and Operation ................................... 6C-2 Dust Boot .......................................................... 6C-10
Power Rack and Pinion ........................................ 6C-2 Intermediate Shaft ............................................. 6C-10
Component Locator ............................................. 6C-3 Hydraulic Cylinder Lines .................................... 6C-11

Diagnostic Information and Procedures .............. 6C-4 Unit Repair .......................................................... 6C-13

Power Steering Rack and Pinion Gear ................... 6C-4 Rack and Pinion ................................................ 6C-13
Power Steering Rack and Pinion Gear Bench Valve and Pinion Assembly ................................ 6C-14
Testing ............................................................. 6C-6 Rack Bearing .................................................... 6C-15
Straight-Ahead Check .......................................... 6C-6 Rack Bearing Preload Adjustment ...................... 6C-16
Repair Instructions ................................................ 6C-8 Specifications ..................................................... 6C-17
On-Vehicle Service ................................................. 6C-8 Fastener Tightening Specifications ..................... 6C-17
Rack and Pinion Assembly .................................. 6C-8 Special Tools and Equipment ............................ 6C-18
Outer Tie Rod ...................................................... 6C-9 Special Tools Table ............................................ 6C-18
6C-2 POWER STEERING GEAR

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

POWER RACK AND PINION If power rack and pinion steering is not available, manu-
al rack and pinion control is used; however, with this
The power steering rack and pinion system has a rotary system, more steering effort is required. The movement
control valve that directs hydraulic fluid coming from of the steering wheel is transferred to the pinion. The
the hydraulic pump to one side or the other side of the rotary movement of the pinion is then transferred
rack piston. The integral rack piston is attached to the through the pinion threads, which mesh with teeth on
rack. The rack piston converts hydraulic pressure to a the rack, thereby causing the rack to move in a linear
linear force that moves the rack left or right. That force direction.
is then transmitted through the tie rods to the steering
knuckles, which turn the wheels. A vane-type of hydraulic pump provides hydraulic pres-
sure for both steering systems.

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COMPONENT LOCATOR

KAA6C010

1 Intermediate Shaft 6 Rack and Pinion Assembly

2 Lower Pinch Bolt 7 Rack and Pinion Assembly Mounting Bolt
3 Boot 8 Castle Nut
4 Outer Tie Rod 9 Cotter Pin
5 Return Line Pipe 10 Pressure Line Pipe

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6C-4 POWER STEERING GEAR

DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES

POWER STEERING RACK AND PINION GEAR
Hissing Noise
Checks Action
Check the intermediate shaft joints for looseness. Tighten the intermediate shaft joints.
Check the power steering hose for contact with other Be sure the power steering hose is correctly fitted into
components. the hose clips.

Loss of Coolant
Checks Action
Check the power steering hose for contact with the Be sure the power steering hose is correctly fitted into
body. the hose clips.
Check the steering gear for insufficient lubrication. Lubricate the steering gear.
Check the steering gear mounting for improper Tighten the steering gear mounting bracket nuts and
installation. bolts.
Check the outer tie rods for improper installation. Tighten the outer tie rod joints. Replace the outer tie rods.

Loss of Coolant
Checks Action
Check the steering wheel for contact with the turn Adjust the turn signal housing.
signal housing.
Check the intermediate shaft joints for binding or Replace the intermediate shaft.
looseness.
Check the power steering pump flow control valve for Replace the power steering pump.
sticking and improper alignment.
Check the wheel alignment. Align the wheels.
Check the wheel bearings for wear or damage. Replace the wheel bearings.
Check the intermediate shaft joints for improper Adjust the intermediate shaft between the steering gear
installation. and the steering column. Replace the intermediate shaft.
Check the outer tie rods and the ball joints for binding Tighten the tie rods and the ball joints. Replace the tie
or looseness. rods and the ball joints.
Check the steering gear adjustments. Perform a straight-ahead check.
Check the steering column shaft seal for rubbing on Replace the dash seal.
the shaft.
Check the steering shaft bearings for binding. Replace the stub shaft bearings.

Momentary Increase in Effort When Turning the Wheel Quickly

Checks Action
Check the power steering pump for internal leaks. Replace the power steering pump.
Check the hoses for damage or restricted flow. Replace the power steering hoses and/or pipes.
Check the power steering fluid level. Fill the power steering fluid reservoir.
Check the power steering pump flow control valve for Replace the power steering pump.
sticking and improper operation.

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Steering Surges or Jerks When Turning with Engine Running

Checks Action
Check the power steering pump for insufficient pres- Replace the power steering pump.
sure.
Check the power steering pump flow control valve for Replace the power steering pump.
sticking and improper operation.
Check the power steering pump serpentine belt for Tighten the power steering serpentine belt.
slippage.
Check for air contamination in the power steering Bleed the power steering system
system.

Steering Vibrates During Low Speed or Static Steering

Checks Action
Check for air contamination in the power steering Bleed the power steering system.
system.
Check the power steering pump serpentine belt for Tighten the power steering serpentine belt.
looseness.

Excessive Wheel Kickback or Loose Steering

Checks Action
Check for air contamination in the power steering Bleed the power steering system.
system.
Check the wheel bearings for wear or damage. Replace the wheel bearings.
Check the steering gear mounting for improper instal- Tighten the steering gear mounting bracket nuts and
lation. bolts.
Check the intermediate shaft joints for improper Adjust the intermediate shaft between the steering
Installation. gear and the steering column. Replace the intermedi-
ate shaft.
Check the outer tie rods and the ball joints for Tighten the tie rods and the ball joints. Replace the tie
looseness. rods and the ball joints.

Hard Steering or Lack of Assist (Especially During Parking)

Checks Action
Check the intermediate shaft joints for improper Adjust the intermediate shaft between the steering gear
installation. and the steering column. Replace the coupling flange.
Check the power steering pump flow control valve for Replace the power steering pump.
sticking and improper installation.
Check the power steering pump for insufficient pressure. Replace the power steering pump.
Check the power steering pump for internal leaks. Replace the power steering pump.
Check for a loose or a worn intermediate shaft. Tighten the intermediate shaft. Replace the intermedi-
ate shaft, as needed.
Check the power steering pump serpentine belt tension. Tighten the power steering serpentine belt.

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6C-6 POWER STEERING GEAR

POWER STEERING RACK AND 3. Remove the extensions and reconnect the pressure
and return lines.
PINION GEAR BENCH TESTING 4. Install and connect the power steering gear. Refer
Removal and Installation Procedure to “Rack and Pinion Assembly” in this section.
Notice: Pressure checks or pressure and flow checks 5. Start the engine and allow it to idle for 10 seconds.
may also be conducted using this setup. 6. Check the power steering fluid level. Refer to
Section 6A, Power Steering System.
1. Disconnect and remove the power steering gear.
Refer to “Rack and Pinion Assembly” in this
section.
STRAIGHT-AHEAD CHECK
2. Place the power steering gear on a bench next to After all the necessary operations on the steering gear
the vehicle. are completed (removing and installing, disassembling
and assembling), check the exact straight-ahead posi-
3. Disconnect the pressure line at the point where the tion of the steering in each case.
hose connects to the pipe. Extend this line to reach
the power steering gear on the bench. With the vehicle on the floor, place the steering wheel
in the straight-ahead position. Mark the centerline of
4. Disconnect the return line from the power steering both tires on the floor. Turn the steering wheel all the
fluid reservoir. Extend this line to reach the power way to the right and mark the new centerline of both
steering gear on the bench. tires on the floor.
5. Connect the power steering pipes to the power
steering gear.
6. Start the engine and allow it to idle for 10 seconds.
7. Check the power steering fluid level. Refer to
Section 6A, Power Steering System.
8. Start the engine and turn the rack and pinion stub
shaft a full turn in each direction. Hold the shaft
against each stop for 5 seconds.
9. Inspect for possible leak points. Refer to Section
6A, Power Steering System.
Installation Procedure
1. Stop the engine.
KAA6C020
2. Disconnect the power steering pipes from the power
steering gear.

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 POWER STEERING GEAR 6C-7

Straight-Ahead Check Table

Step Action Value Yes No

Place the steering wheel in the straight-ahead position.
1
Is the wheel in the correct position? - Go to Step 2 -
Is the lower intermediate shaft pinch bolt lying parallel to
2 the steering gear? - Go to Step 3 Go to Step 4
3 Is the steering wheel off center by more than 5 degrees? - Go to Step 5 Go to Step 6
The pinion is displaced on the rack. The steering pinion
4 position must be corrected.
Is the repair complete? - Go to Step 2 -
Remove steering wheel and center on the spindle
5 splines.
Is the repair complete? - Go to Step 3 -
Turn the steering wheel all the way to the right. Inner angle :
Measure the inner and the outer angles of the tire 33°39 ′
6 centerline compared to the straight-ahead centerline. Outer angle :
Are the angle within specifications? 31°54 ′ System OK Go to Step 7
The rack assembly was not assembled correctly.
7 Repair as needed.
Is the repair complete? - Go to Step 6 -

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6C-8 POWER STEERING GEAR

REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
RACK AND PINION ASSEMBLY
Tools Required
661 589 13 33 00 Ball Joint Remover

Removal and Installation Procedure

1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the wheels. Refer to Section 2E, Tires
and Wheels.
3. Remove the intermediate shaft. Refer to
KAA6C030
“Intermediate shaft” in this section.
4. Disconnect the return line pipe from the power
steering gear outlet. Place a drain pan under the
steering gear to catch the power steering fluid.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 17 N•m (13 lb-ft)

5. Disconnect the pressure line pipe from the power

steering gear inlet.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 17 N•m (13 lb-ft)

KAA6C040

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6. Remove the outer tie rod nuts and disconnect the

tie rod ends from the knuckle using the ball joint
remover 661 589 13 33 00.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 40 N•m (30 lb-ft)

KAA6C050

7. Remove the rack and pinion assembly mounting

bolts and remove therackand pinion assembly.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 78 N•m (58 lb-ft)

• After installing the rack and pinion assembly,

bleed the power steering system. Refer to
Section 6A, Power Steering System.

KAA6C140

OUTER TIE ROD

Tools Required
661589 13 33 00 BallJointRemover

Removal and Installation Procedure

1. Remove the wheel. Refer to Section 2E, Tires and
wheels.
2. Mark the threads on the inner tie rod to aid in
repositioning the adjusting nut.
3. Remove the outer tie rod nut and disconnect the
outer tie rod from the knuckle using the ball joint
KAA6C050 remover 661 589 13 33 00.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 40 N•m (30 lb-ft)

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6C-10 POWER STEERING GEAR

4. Loosen the outer tie rod adjusting nut and remove

the outer tie rod by twisting it off the inner tie rod.
Installation Notice:
• After Installation, perform a front toe adjustment.
Refer to Section 2B, Wheel Alignment.

KAA6C080

DUST BOOT
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the wheel. Refer to Section 2E, Tires and
wheels.
3. Remove the outer tie rod. Refer to “Outer Tie Rod”
in this section.
4. Remove the dust boot retaining clamps.

KAA6C090

5. Remove the dust boot.

Installation Notice:
• After Installation, perform a front toe adjustment.
Refer to Section 2B, Wheel Alignment.

KAA6C100

INTERMEDIATE SHAFT
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Turn the steering wheel until it is horizontal. This
is the straight-ahead position. Make a mark on
the stub shaft housing that lines up with a mark
on the intermediate shaft lower universal joint.
Installation Notice:
• When attaching the lower universal joint, the
marks on the intermediate shaft and on the stub
shaft should line up

KAA6C110

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2. Remove the lower pinch bolt from the universal

joint on the intermediate shaft.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 27 N•m (20 lb-ft)

3. Make a mark on the steering column shaft that

lines up with a mark on the intermediate shaft
upper universal joint.
Installation Notice:
• When attaching the upper universal joint, the
marks on the intermediate shaft and steering
column shaft should line up
4. Remove the upper pinch bolt from the universal
joint on the intermediate shaft.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 27 N•m (20 lb-ft)
KAA6C120

5. Remove the intermediate shaft.

HYDRAULIC CYLINDER LINES

Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Siphon the power steering fluid from the power
steering fluid reservoir.
2. Disconnect the power steering gear hydraulic
cylinder pipes from the power steering gear at the
valve end. Replace the O-ring seals as needed.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 14 N•m (10 lb-ft)

KAA6C130

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6C-12 POWER STEERING GEAR

3. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.

4. Disconnect the power steering gear hydraulic
cylinder pipes from the power steering gear at the
cylinder end.
5. Remove the steering gear hydraulic cylinder pipes
from the vehicle.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 61 N•m (44 lb-ft)

• When adding power steering fluid or making a

complete change, always use DEXRON. - II pow-
KAA6C140
er steering fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid
will cause hose and seal damage and fluid
leaks.
• Fill the reservoir with power steering fluid.
• Inspect for leaks. If there are leaks, correct the
cause of the leaks and bleed the system. Refer
to “Bleeding the Power Steering System” in this
section.

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UNIT REPAIR
RACK AND PINION
Disassembly and Assembly Procedure
1. Remove the rack and pinion assembly from the
vehicle. Refer to “Rack and Pinion Assembly” in
this section.
2. Remove the valve and pinion assembly from the
rack and pinion steering assembly. Refer to “Valve
and Pinion” in this section.
3. Remove the rack bearing assembly from the rack
KAA6C150
and pinion steering assembly. Refer to “Rack
Bearing” in this section.
4. Mark the threads on the inner tie rod to aid in
repositioning the adjusting nut.
5. Loosen the adjusting nut and remove the outer tie
rod nut and the adjusting nut.
Installation Notice:
• When installing the outer tie rod nut, the mark
on the inner tie rod and adjusting nut should
line up.
• After installation, perform a front toe adjustment.
Refer to Section 2B, Wheel Alignment.

6. Remove the dust boot retaining clamps and

remove the dust boot.

KAA6C160

7. Push back the retainer holding the connection be-

tween the inner tie rod and the power steering gear
rack.

KAA6C170

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8. Counterhold the pinion-side inner tie rod and re-

move the cylinder-side inner tie rod.
Installation Notice:
• To prevent the inner tie rods from loosening,
use Loctite 242 (or equivalent) on both inner
tie rod connections to secure them to the rack
shaft.

KAA6C180

Important: The retaining ring can be released by

inserting a small screwdriver through the hole in
the side of the housing.

9. Remove the bulkhead inner cylinder retaining ring.

Installation Notice:
• Coat all the seals with power steering fluid to
ensure proper sealing.

KAA6C190

10. Place a rag over the rack, counterhold the rack

assembly on the teeth with a wrench, and remove
the pinion-side inner tie rod.
Installation Notice:
• The right and left inner tie rods are unequal in
length. Be sure to install the correct inner tie
rod on the proper side of the power steering
gear.

KAA6C200

VALVE AND PINION ASSEMBLY

Disassembly and Assembly Procedure
1. Remove the rack and pinion steering assembly
from the vehicle. Refer to “Rack and Pinion
Assembly” in this section.
2. Remove the dust cover from the lower end of the
housing.
Notice: If the stub shaft is not held, damage to
the pinion teeth will occur.

3. While holding the stub shaft with a wrench, remove

KAA6C210 the locknut from the pinion.

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4. Remove the stub shaft and stub shaft housing.

KAA6C220

5. Remove the stub shaft from the stub shaft housing

6. Remove the stub shaft seal in the stub shaft.
Installation Notice:
• Coat all the seals with power steering fluid to
ensure proper sealing.

KAA6C230

RACK BEARING
Disassembly and Assembly Procedure
Tools Required
DW310-040 Power Steering Rack Guide Spring Cap
Wrench
1. Remove the rack and pinion steering assembly
from the vehicle. Refer to “Rack and Pinion
Assembly” in this section.
2. Remove the adjuster plug locknut from the
adjuster plug, and remove the adjuster plug from
KAA6C240 the housing with the power steering rack guide
spring cap wrench DW310-040.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 59 N•m (43 lb-ft)

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3. Remove the adjuster spring and the rack bearing.

Installation Notice:
• Coat the rack bearing, the adjuster spring and
the adjuster plug with lithium-based grease
• With the rack centered, turn the adjuster plug
clockwise untila torque of4 N•m (35 lb-in) is ob-
tained, then back it off by 15 degrees. Check
the pinion torque. Maximum pinion preloaded
torque is 25 N•m (18 lb-ft).

KAA6C250

RACK BEARING PRELOAD

ADJUSTMENT
Adjustment Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Center the steering wheel.
3. Remove the power steering gear. Refer to “Rack
and Pinion Assembly” in this section.
4. Loosen the locknut and turn the adjuster plug
clock-wise until a torque of 4 N•m (35 lb-in) is
obtained, then loosen it by 15 degrees. Check the
KAA6C260
pinion orque. Maximum pinion preloaded torque
is 25 N•m (18 lb-ft).
5. Tighten the locknut on the adjuster plug while
holding the adjuster plug stationary.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 59 N•m (43 lb-ft)

6. Install the power steering gear. Refer to “Rack

and Pinion Assembly” in this section.
7. Be sure to check the returnability of the steering
wheel to center position after adjustment.

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SPECIFICATIONS
FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS
Application N•m Lb-Ft Lb-In
Adjust Plug Locknut 59 43 -
Hydraulic Cylinder Line Fitting At The Valve End 14 10 -
Hydraulic Cylinder Line Fitting At The Cylinder End 14 10 -
Intermediate Shaft Lower Pinch Bolt 27 20 -
Intermediate Shaft Upper Pinch Bolt 27 20 -
Outlet Tie Rod Nut 39 29 -
Power Steering Gear Inlet Pipe Fitting 17 13 -
Power Steering Gear Outlet Pipe Fitting 17 13 -
Rack And Pinion Assembly Mounting Bolts 78 58 -

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6C-18 POWER STEERING GEAR

SPECIAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

SPECIAL TOOLS TABLE

DW 310 - 040
Power Steering Rack
Guide Spring Cap
Wrench

KAA6C270

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