English Pedagogical Module 6: What Are You Passionate About?

English What are you
Pedagogical Module 6 passionate about?

Curricular Threads : Communication and Cultural Awareness,
Oral Communication, Reading, Writing, Language Through the Arts
Second Course BGU
Articles 5 6 Thanksgiving Day
Hi
st
or
4
y
Tag questions Ecuadorian graffiti
7 artist Apitatán
Ar
t
Countable / 8 Musical genres
uncountable nouns 3
M
ish
us
ic
gl
En
2 My Free Passion
Transition words 9
Ph
for sports
Time
ys
ic
al
Ed
uc
Adverbs of
1
at
frequency
io
n
Values
12 Teamwork 11 Reaching a goal 10 Gender equality
Work...but have fun too!

Although school is important for everyone
because it prepares us for the future, it is also
necessary to enjoy life outside of school. There
are many healthy activities that you can do
in your free time. Some teens like drawing
or sketching, some like outdoor activities like
sports and adventure activities, and others enjoy
singing or playing a musical instrument. It is
essential to know what makes your heart happy.
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You have to make time for those things too.

Life is short, we must spend our time wisely.
Non-Commercial Licence
• Do you have a lot of free time?
• How do you spend your free time?
1
Lesson A
Communication and Cultural Awareness

Physical Education
Why is soccer the most popular sport in the world?
Interesting Facts A Passion for Soccer

Soccer is played in more
than 200 countries.
With a partner, discuss the following questions.
Approximately 250 million • Do you like soccer? Why? Why not?
people play soccer around
• Do you play soccer?
the world every year.
• Where is soccer popular in the world?
Soccer has been an Olympic • Where is soccer not popular?
sport since 1900.
Women soccer teams have The 2018 World Cup in Russia was watched by more than 4 billion
been able to play in the people! This means than more than half of the world’s population
Olympics since 1996. watched soccer’s greatest event that year.
So, why is soccer the most popular sport in the world? There a lot of
factors that should be considered. First, it is international; it is played
globally instead of just in one region. Other factors like being one of the
oldest games played by humans, its low cost to play, and its simplicity
contribute to making it even more popular. Sports in general bring out
the passion in people. It is incredible how people around the world live
the sport of soccer as if it were a religion. Explaining why people feel
so passionate about this sport is very hard, even for a soccer fan. It is
a sport for everyone: men, women, children, adults, Africans, Americans,
Europeans, Asians. It brings cultures together in a common love for
a favorite sport.
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Taken and adapted from: Chanis, A. (2018, June 02). 17 Reasons Why Soccer is the Most Popular Sport in the World.
Retrieved from https://bit.ly/35LBEng
Vocabulary
globally. around the world

fan. someone who admires

soccer or any other sport
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or hobby
Soccer
2
Oral Communication
Do you have a hobby?
Wooden Cars Race in Quito
Grammar Note
Look at these pictures. What type of race is it? Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of definite frequency are adverbs of time
that answer the question “How frequently?”
or “How often?”.
• yearly, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly
• twice a year, every second, once a minute
• three times, once, twice
Adverbs of definite frequency typically go at the
end of a sentence.
Giovanny Pérez
• Most Ecuadorian companies pay taxes yearly.

• The restaurant owner checks the toilets every hour.
• Teachers meet weekly to review students’ progress.
Wooden Cars Race in Quito
Sometimes, usually for emphasis, some adverbs
of definite frequency may go at the front.
• Every day, more than two thousand people die
Discuss these questions in small groups. on Ecuadorian roads.
• Do you know something about this activity?
Is it a sport?
• Can anyone participate in it?
Imagine you have to explain the wooden car race
• Do you think it is a difficult activity to do? tradition to a foreigner. Draw a wooden car and
• Are there people who practice this activity its parts.
in your city?
Listen to a radio podcast about an activity that

many people love to do every December in Quito
and answer the questions.
1. How long has the race been a tradition?
2. How many people participate in the race?
3. In what city is the race?

Pretend you are a journalist. Ask three questions to
the wooden cars race winner, Miguel García. Use an
4. What are the cars made of? adverb of definite frequency in at least one question.
1.
5. What do the festivities celebrate? 2.
3.
3
Reading
Do you think women and men can play sports equally?
A Game to Remember
I had worked hard for a year with my soccer team Las Ñañas to
Discuss these questions in prepare for this game. I was so nervous. We trained for months to play
small groups of girls and boys.
against one of the best women soccer teams in the city. Now it was time
• Does Ecuador have women to show what we were capable of.
soccer teams?
• Do you play soccer? When the referee blew her whistle, we started running. In the first five
• Do girls in your hometown minutes of the game, the other team had already scored a goal. The score
play soccer? was 1-0. But we couldn’t lose hope. We had to keep playing our best.
“Come on, ladies! We can do this!” my teammate yelled. “Give it all
you have!” Her words inspired me to put in every bit of energy I had to
Scan the reading. Circle the help my team. One minute before halftime, we scored a goal. Yes! The
correct answer. score was tied, 1-1.
a. This reading describes During the break between periods, we talked as a team about
a soccer game. strategies to help us play better in the second half. These last 45 minutes
b. This reading presents would determine who would be the winner…
the process of how to play
a soccer game. We started the second half full of determination. But again, within the
first five minutes, the other team scored a goal. Oh no! Now it was 2-1 in
favor of the other team. Two minutes later, we scored. We were tied again,
Vocabulary 2-2. The next 38 minutes went by with no goal for anyone. The referee
referee. someone who
announced that we had 2 extra minutes to play. It was now or never…
administers the rules of
The other team kicked the ball and I stopped it with my foot. This
a game or sport
was my chance. I gathered all my strength and started sprinting down
whistle. a device used the field. There were no players from the other team: just me and the
to send signals goalie. I had one second to shoot the ball. I focused on the goal and
gathered. collected, kicked as hard as I could. And…it went in!! All my teammates ran to me
put together and hugged me. It was one of the happiest days of my life.
sprinting. running a short That day I realized that a soccer game is a lot like life: sometimes we
distance very fast
win and sometimes we lose. But more important than that, we learn
give up. quit how to work as a team and never give up.
Answer the questions below in your own words according to the reading.
a. Who scored the first goal?
b. What happened during the break?
This story was about a women’s

soccer team. Do you think that
c. Who scored the last goal?
women’s soccer is as popular
as men’s soccer? Why or why d. How is life like soccer?
not? How can women’s sports

become more popular?
4
Writing
What is the most memorable day of your life?
A Memorable Experience
Think about the most memorable day of your life. This Step 3. Supporting sentences
could be when you participated in a sports event, or
went on a trip, or celebrated a birthday, or any other A narrative also has supporting sentences; they provide
day that you remember as being very happy. details, which makes your writing rich and interesting.
The more details you include, the more clearly the
You are going to write a short narrative about that reader will imagine what you are describing. The details
day. A narrative is a genre of writing that tells a story. should appeal to the five senses. They should tell the
Follow the steps below. reader how something looks, smells, sounds, feels, and
tastes. Use a lot of adjectives in your descriptions. Add
Step 1. Write a topic sentence. some to your ideas in the graphic above.
A topic sentence introduces your reader to your topic
and gives the overall impression of the situation you Step 4
are describing.
Write a short narrative of 85-100 words. Remember to
include all the details you can so that you transport the
Topic: reader to that memorable moment.
Title:
Topic sentence: A Narrative
Topic:
Title:
Step 2
Think about the topic for one or two minutes. Brainstorm

some details. Then write each new idea in a small circle.
Use this format for clustering ideas.
Topic:
5
Language Through the Arts
Art
Do you like abstract art?
Yayoi Kusama- Conceptual Art
Flickr / Susanne Nilsson

Yayoi Kusama
Pixabay
Yayoi Kusama was born in Matsumoto, Japan in 1929, in a society
where women had little or no voice, and even less so in the arts. In 1957,
at the age of 28, she moved to New York to look for a new way to express
her artistic mind and spirit.
Yayoi Kusama has a special
obsession with polka dots.
Choose any object you like and
paint it using the artist’s style.
Flickr / Garrett Ziegler
Needpix
For example: A pair of shoes

At the age of 10, Yayoi Kusama met the world of color, sculpture, or any common object.
and modeling arts for the first time. Since then, she has been fascinated
with it. She began creating works of art where fantasy and reality came
together in places where nothing was what it seemed. These works
intended to reflect the hallucinations that her own mind was producing. Bring the object you have
They were the solution Kusama thought of to counteract the effects of painted with polka dots and
her mental disorder. She simply painted what she saw. She is part of the show it to your classmates.
pop art movement. She also became a writer and film producer. Today Explain why you chose to
paint that item and what you
she continues to present in art exhibitions around the world and in her think about the style.
home country of Japan.
6
Oral Communication
How do you feel?
Getting Medical Attention
Grammar Note
Sometimes our free time activities can cause us injuries. Has that ever Adverbs of Indefinite
happened to you? As a class, discuss some injuries you have suffered Frequency
while doing your favorite activities.
100% always, constantly
usually, normally
frequently, regularly
In pairs, observe these pictures and describe what you see.
Then discuss the following questions: often
50% sometimes
Picture #1 occasionally
• What happened to him?
rarely, infrequently
• Do you think he got injured?
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seldom
hardly ever
Picture #2
• What happened to the girl?
0% never
• What type of injury does Adverbs of indefinite
frequency mainly go in the
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she have?
middle of a sentence before
the main verb (except the
verb “to be”).
• We usually go shopping
When exercising or practicing a sport or a hobby, people can suffer on Sunday.
accidents or injuries. Listen to two people calling to ask for medical
assistance and answer the questions that follow. • I have often eaten soup
when I have a cold.
Conversation #1
• She is always on time.
1. Where did the boy get injured?
2. What part(s) of his body did he injure?

Role Play in Pairs
Imagine you have an accident

3. How often does he wear a helmet? while playing a soccer game.
You broke your arm and you
twisted your wrist. You go
Conversation #2 to see a doctor. Explain to
the doctor what happened.
1. What was the girl playing when she got hurt? Student A is the injured person
and student B is the doctor.
2. What part of her body got hurt?

3. Has the girl taken medicine?
7
Lesson B

Music
What would be your own personal theme song?
Inspirational Music
Many important events have their own theme Answer the following questions in groups
song. Do you know any of them? Discuss this as of 4-5 students.
a class. What do you think these types of songs
have in common? • What is the main message of this song?
• Do you find this song to be inspirational?
Why or why not?
• Has Ecuador ever participated in a Fifa World
Soccer Cup?
Wikipedia / Anton Zaitsev
• When and where is the next Fifa World

Soccer Cup?
• Who was the winner in 2018?
Live It Up by Nicky Jam feat. Will Smith & Era Istrefi

(Official Song of the 2018 FIFA Russia World Cup)
Chorus
Aye, aye here we go aye
This is the time of our lives
Aye, aye here we go aye
This is the time of our lives
Wikipedia
Amazing can this be real
It’s like I’m living a dream
But it’s how everyone feels
We celebrate with one feel
So let’s wave our hands,
we can sing, we can dance Interview a family member or a teacher, search
I don’t want this to end on the internet or in newspapers about the last
Feels so good, feel so real three Fifa World Cups and complete the
following information.
Chorus
I love this moment right now
No one could take it away Host
So let it happen and how country
It’s why I cherish each day
So let’s wave our hands, Year
we can sing, we can dance
I don’t want this to end
Feels so good, feel so real Mascot
Chorus
Name
Ayah what we see, ayah destiny
of the
Ayah realize now we know the greatest
song
Oooh, oooh, oooh, oooh
Oooh, oooh, oooh, oooh Winner
country
Chorus
8
Oral Communication
What’s a passion?
A Passion for Traveling
Read the definitions and complete the

crossword puzzle.
ik
ep
Fre
1 2
4 5
Watch your pronunciation!

6
The sounds of /ʃ/ - /ʒ/
Across • /ʃ/ spelling: sh (short), s (sugar),
1. It takes a lot of people to school, to work and ss (mission), t (education), ch (machine),
around town. c (special), sc (conscience).
2. It runs on rails and has many carriages.
/ʃ/ doesn’t appear in any Spanish words, but
3. People use it to be fit and to travel on it.
it is known to Spanish speakers since it’s the
4. It travels at about 850 kilometers per hour
sound used in different languages to ask for
in the air.
silence.
Down
• /ʒ/ spelling: s (usual, vision, leisure).
2. It goes across water, carrying people This sound mainly occurs in mid-position.
and things.
You start by producing a long /ʃ/ and then
3. People use it to avoid driving their cars.
make your vocal chords vibrate.
4. Many families have one.
Read the examples aloud and try to feel the
difference between the sounds. If you put two
fingers on your throat, you’ll see that when
Listen to a conversation between a radio presenter you say /ʒ/ your vocal chords vibrate, but
and Sophia, a participant from the audience. Fill in in /ʃ/ they don’t.
the blanks according to what you hear.
1. Sophia´s passion is
2. Sophia joins a cycling girls’ project called
3. They are five
4. They travelled from to

on
5. They traveled around

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6. Their purpose was
9
Art
Do you like surrealist art?
René Magritte
In groups of three, you will prepare a PPT or

a paper poster exposition about Rene Magritte’s
artwork and biography. Look for information
on the internet and in other sources.
• Who was Rene Magritte?
Flickr / Jacqueline Nonkels

• What is Surrealism? What are the most
common characteristics of surrealist artwork?
• Compare René Magritte’s artwork and Yayoi

Kusama’s artwork. Which one do you like
more? Why?
Some people enjoy looking at or doing art in their

free time. In small groups of 4-5 students, discuss
the following questions.
• Do you prefer to look at art or do it yourself?

• What type of art do you prefer?
• What value do you think art has for society?
In 50-60 words you are going to describe what

you see in the painting. Be as precise as possible;
include all the colors, shapes and objects. Then
give your opinion of it.
Flickr / Lou Stejskal
The Son of Man by René Magritte
The Son of Man is a self-portrait by surrealist

René Magritte that was painted in 1964 and currently
belongs to a private collection.
10
Oral Communication
How would you feel if you returned to your hometown after being away for many years?
Five Fun Facts About Bikes
Watch your pronunciation!
Discuss the following questions with a partner. The sounds of /ʃ/ or /ʒ/
• Do you like bicycles? How are -tion and -sion pronounced?
• Do you know how to ride a bicycle?
• Do you have a bicycle?
English pronunciation can be difficult,
especially because rules are usually not always
100% applicable. However, in this case, these
rules work well.
Observe these pictures and describe what you • -tion: The ending -tion is always
see? What are they? Compare them with bicycles
today. How are they different? pronounced with /ʃ/ (pronunciation,
definition) unless it is preceded by the letter
s, in which case it is said as /tʃ/ (question).
• Vowel + -sion: The ending -sion is always
Wikipedia / Gun Powder
pronounced /ʒ/ when it’s preceded by

a vowel (conclusion, decision).
• -ssion. Always pronounced as /ʃ/
(passion, mission).
• Consonant + -sion: If the ending -sion
is preceded by a consonant, it is pronounced
Wikipedia / Agnieszka Kwiecień
with /ʃ/ (repulsion, tension).

Wikipedia / Chris 73
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Listen to a person talk about five fun facts about

bikes and answer the questions that follow. From
the information in the audio, explain how bikes
have evolved over time.
Role Play. At the bike store
Pretend you want to buy a new bicycle. You enter

a bike store. Student A is going to buy a new
bicycle and student B is the seller.
Which of the bikes mentioned in the reading would

you like to ride? Why? Vocabulary
bumpy. not smooth, with a lot of movement
sail. part of a boat made from cloth
11
Reading
Why should you ride a bicycle?
In pairs, discuss the following questions.
• Why do you think there are so many people

who ride bikes?
• Have you ever ridden a bike?
• Today do you ride a bike?
• What do you think are the benefits of riding a bike?
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Bike Riding Benefits
My Favorite Two-Wheeled Transport
There are four advantages to consider when using
a bike as the regular mode of transport: personal List the four benefits riding a bicycle offers.
health benefits, social benefits, cost benefits, and |
environmental benefits.
|
The first benefit is a personal health benefit; there Mention three reasons why riding a bicycle is
are many health and fitness benefits to cycling. For better than driving a car.
instance, research has shown that people who cycle
1.
regularly have a fitness level equal to that of a person
who is ten years younger. 2.
The second benefit is social; cycling during rush 3.

hour periods saves time, since a bike travels twice as
fast as a car in busy traffic, which is good for stress
levels as well.
Read the article again. Make a list of 10 true
The third benefit is connected to cost. Bikes cognates –words that are similar in Spanish
do not require road tax, insurance, parking costs, and English and mean the same thing– in your
breakdown recovery services, or fuel. This makes notebook.
cycling very cost effective, and a much cheaper form
of travel than driving.
Tip
For environmental benefits, there are many
advantages that come with riding bicycles, such as Transition signals to list ideas in logical division
bikes produce no pollution, unlike cars and other of ideas order
forms of transport. A bicycle needs just a fraction
of the materials and energy needed to make a car. Sentence Connectors Others
Perhaps more importantly, cars cause death or injury First, second, etc. A first reason,
to thousands of people each year, whereas serious First of all a second reason
bike accidents are few. Furthermore (kind, advantage,
Also benefit, etc…)
To sum up, by using a bicycle it’s possible to build In addition An additional reason
a world free of pollution and contribute with a small
Moreover A final reason

step to save the earth. Whereas
Taken and adapted from: Lee. (1970, January 01). Paragraph Assignment 2 - Logical
Division of Ideas. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3hUWmmU
12
Writing
What are the benefits of your favorite hobby?
Informative Paragraph
As a class, brainstorm some common hobbies and

the benefits associated with them. Do you practice
any of them?
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You are going to write an informative paragraph

about the benefits of your favorite hobby. Follow the
steps below.
Step1. Step 3.
Write a topic sentence. This sentence contains the sport Think of a concluding sentence that sums up the rest
and its three main benefits mentioned briefly. of your paragraph.
Step 4.
Write a 70-80 word paragraph where you present

three benefits to support your topic sentence.
Step 2.
Write details about each benefit. Benefits of
Benefit #1:
Benefit #2:
Benefit #3:
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13
Assessment
Achievement Level - Writing

Individual activity
1 Write a 60-70 word paragraph about the benefits of riding a bicycle.
Achievement Level - Reading

Individual activity
2 Read the text and complete the activity that follows.
Yoga in Your Kitchen

Yoga is an ancient practice that involves meditation. It provides three mental
and physical benefits: a better body image, becoming a conscious eater, and
helping to lose or maintain weight.
First, yoga develops a better body image. It focuses your attention on your
body’s abilities at the present moment. It helps develop breathing and strength
of mind and body. It’s not about physical appearance. Second, yoga helps you
to become a mindful eater. Mindfulness means focusing your attention on
what you are experiencing in the present moment without judging yourself.
Researchers say mindful eating is a nonjudgmental awareness of the physical
and emotional sensations associated with eating. Finally, yoga helps with
weight loss and maintenance. People who practice yoga are mindful eaters
who pay more attention to their bodies. They may be more sensitive to feeling
full. Researchers found that people who practiced yoga and were overweight
actually lost weight. Those who practiced yoga had lower body mass indexes
(BMIs) compared with those who did not practice yoga. They attributed this
to mindfulness.
So practicing yoga is definitely beneficial to your health. And you can do it
almost anywhere…in your bedroom, in your garden…even in your kitchen!
Taken and Adapted from: Publishing, H. H. (n.d.). Yoga – Benefits Beyond the Mat. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2EIneci
14
What are you passionate about?
List three benefits yoga offers and give one detail of each of the benefits
in your own words.
1. Benefit
Detail
2. Benefit
Detail
3. Benefit
Detail
Achievement Level - Speaking in Pairs

Group activity
3 With a partner, ask and answer questions about each other’s hobbies. Consider
ideas like what the other person likes to do, doesn’t like to do, would like
to do, etc.
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I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.
Self-evaluation I check (√) the box that most applies to me
I do it I can’t do it
Topics I do it very well I can improve
somewhat well without help
Use adverbs of frequency
Distinguish between /ʃ/ and /ʒ/
Write about a memorable experience
15
Project 1
Hobbies Across Generations
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You are going to do a little research with people from different generations
to see if the hobbies that you have are similar to the ones your parents
or grandparents have. To do this, follow these steps.
Step 1
Form groups of 4-5 students. Brainstorm some ideas that you already have
about hobbies in different generations. Take some notes.
Step 2
Develop some questions to interview family members and friends in your

generation and older generations (your parents and your grandparents).
You should write these questions in English, even though you will ask them
in the language your interviewee knows.
Step 3
After class, each group member should interview at least one person
from your generation, your parents’ generation and one person from your
grandparents’ generation. Write down their answers.
Step 4
After having the answers to the interview questions, in your groups,

combine your answers. Do you have many things in common between the
members of the same generations?
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Step 5
Prepare a PowerPoint or poster presentation in which you present your

results. The presentation should be all in English and include visual aids
to make it more interesting.
Step 6
As a class, decide if there are common hobbies for the different generations.
Did anything you discovered surprise you?
16
Let's Review
Speaking Reading
In pairs, discuss a memorable event in your life. Reflect on the readings you did during the first half
It could be a competition, a vacation, or a game. Ask of this module. Which one had the most impact on
and answer questions with your partner. you and why?
I really liked
because
Grammar/Writing
Remember the adverbs of frequency from the

first half of the module. Using five of them, write
a paragraph of 60-70 words about what you like to
do in your free time and with what frequency.
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17
Lesson C

Music
Is music your passion?
Music Is My Life
Grammar Note
Form and uses of countable Discuss the following questions in small groups.
and uncountable nouns.
• Have you discovered your passion?
Countable nouns are used for • What would you do to make your dreams true?
things that can be counted • Would you leave your family and security to follow your dreams?
using numbers.
My grandmother has
two dogs. Hi, I’m Marco Antonio. Two years ago, I attended a summer high
I have an idea. school musical institute. There, I could explore my options in music as
a career. When I returned home to Guayaquil, I told my grandparents
Uncountable nouns are used
with anything that cannot that I wanted to pursue a career in music. They were not very excited.
be counted with numbers. In my grandparents’ culture, careers in music are not the most
A bottle of water respected. I enrolled Antonio Neumane Marno Musical Arts High
Some rice School. This upset my grandparents so much that they threatened to
A breath of fresh air withdraw me and enroll me in a traditional high school.
How much/How many On the first day of my junior year, my grandparents took me out of
How many can be used Antonio Neumane Marno Musical Arts High School. I knew that day
with countable nouns. was going to change the rest of my life. I did the impossible and left
How many miles is it home, becoming homeless to pursue my future in music. Many families
to the hotel?
Uncountable nouns use much. helped me overcome my obstacles. For four months, I slept on different
How much money do you have? couches and I lived in four different homes.
My life changed at my first opera show where I sang “Vecchia
zimarra, senti” from La Boheme, an aria. I became the character. When I
dropped my coat at the end of my aria, I had a sudden vision. The coat
symbolized my home. I gave up my home, my family, and my security
to pursue my career in opera. I then knew that I had made the right
decision. Music is my passion.
Vocabulary
Source: Taken and Adapted from: What music means to me (n.d.). Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2GeBwle
career. a profession
or occupation
threatened. in danger Answer these questions based on Marco Antonio’s story. Notice the use
of countable/uncountable nouns.
withdraw. to cause to leave
or return 1. How many years ago did Marco Antonio attend a summer institute?
homeless. having no home
overcome. to get the better 2. How many months was Marco Antonio homeless?
of in a conflict
aria. a melody sung as in

an opera by a single voice 3. How much did Marco Antonio give up to pursue music?
pursue. to follow
18
Oral Communication
What’s opera?
The Beauty of Opera
In pairs, discuss the following questions
• What is opera?
• Have you ever listened to opera?
• What is theatre?
• Have you ever seen or acted in theater?
• What is your favorite type of music?
Wikipedia / Florida Grand Opera
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Free
Grammar Note
What are articles?
Articles are words that define a noun as specific
or unspecific. There are definite or indefinite
Wikipedia / Quincena Musical
articles.
The indefinite article is a / an. It is used when
we don’t specify the things or people we are
talking about:
• I work in a factory in Machala.
• I borrowed an eraser from a classmate sitting
next to me.
Listen to an interview with Marco Antonio. Decide The definite article is the. It is used for a specific
if each of the statements are True (T) or False (F) object that both the person speaking and the
depending on what you hear. listener know.
1. Marco Antonio always loved opera. T F • The motorcycle over there is fast.
2. He attended a summer technical T F • The president of Ecuador is giving
school. a speech tonight.
3. Opera is a combination of singing T F
and theater. Vocabulary
4. The first opera that Marco Antonio T F

seamstress. someone who makes or mends dresses
sang was “La Bohème”.
5. The opera “La Bohème” takes T F

place in Paris.
19
Reading
Music
What musical genres do you know?
Musical Genres
How much do you know about rock and opera? Form groups of 4
students, if possible two girls and two boys. Decide if you agree
Flickr/California Musical Theatre
or disagree with the following sentences.
Disagree
Agree
1. Opera is mostly art and drama.
Opera
2. Rock uses heavy instruments, especially guitars.
3. Opera is often performed indoors in theaters and
auditoriums
4. Rock concerts are commonly held outdoors.
5. Costume and scenery are a component of opera.
Flickr / Dr_zoidberg
6. Rock does not have a particular clothing style for singers.
Rock vs. Opera

Rock
Opera is an art form where a performer enacts some dramatic work.
Grammar Note It has many components of theater, like acting and costume. Rock music
Notice the use of words is a whole genre that mainly incorporates the use of heavy metal, like
that establish contrast in electric bass guitars and drums, accompanied by keyboard sounds from
the reading. These include pianos and synthesizers.
even though, in contrast,
and however. These words In its most basic form, opera cannot be classified as a distinct musical
connect two ideas that are genre but rather some form of theatrical drama. Even though rock music,
opposite each other. like opera, can be used to tell a story, it may not always have lyrics. Rock
concerts are more commonly performed outdoors. In contrast, opera
Vocabulary shows are almost always indoors in a theater or auditorium.
indoors. taking place within Opera is famous for great classical music, costumes, and scenery.
a building There are usually many performers in an opera. However, this not the
outdoors. taking place in the
case with rock; a band will normally have four or five members. It is
open air common in rock shows for singers to dance, but in opera, the main
performers do not.
costumes. outfits
There is a notable difference in how opera and rock singers use their
voice. An opera singer will usually develop his voice more fully than
a rock singer. Given the fact that rock music centers on instruments
After having read “Rock vs. more than vocals, most rock singers do not even need to study music,
Opera”, draw a Venn Diagram unlike opera singers who almost certainly study music formally.
in your notebook comparing
rock and opera. Taken and adapted from: Kivumbi. (2011, July 28). Difference Between. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3j5O9hg
20
Writing
What do music genres have in common?
Compare-Contrast Paragraph
When we compare and contrast two things, we say Step 4

what is similar and what is different about them. You
are going to write a compare-contrast paragraph. Write a concluding sentence. A concluding sentence
Follow the steps below. for a comparison/contrast paragraph may repeat the
main idea and also make a recommendation.
Step 1
Choose two types of musical genres you are familiar

with. For example, rock and salsa, classical and
electronic, pop and jazz.
Step 2
Begin to develop your paragraph with a topic sentence

that introduces the main idea of your paragraph.
Step 3
Write the similarities and differences between the

genres by subtopic.
Subtopics Similarities Differences
a. Rhythm
Tip
Try to include in your paragraph some

connecting words of contrast that you saw
on the previous page or others you may
know, like: in contrast, however, on the other
b. They hand, even though.
way of
dancing
c. Artists
and
bands
Freepik
21
Art
Is graffiti art?
Ecuadorian Artist Apitatán
In groups of 5, visit your city or the nearest city.

Look for any graffiti you can find. If possible, take
a picture or draw what you see. Then return to
class and tell your classmates and teacher if you
consider the graffiti you found is art. Compare
what you have found with what Apitatán does in
his murals.
Write your ideas here

José Valencia
Apitatán‘s mural in Quito
Apitatán (Quito, 1987) is an artist who paints

everyday stories. Draw or paste a picture here
His sketches are inspired by conversations he hears

throughout the city. They are a reflection of Latin
American culture. They include people with sharp,
geometric outlines, often giving dark looks or wide
smiles with missing teeth. These characters represent
different generations and are often humorous.
Apitatán’s artwork changes forgotten urban spaces
into reflections that remind us to laugh at ourselves,
which is good for us. With vibrant colors influenced
by Andean textures and Ecuadorian landscapes,
he tells about his experiences and personal vision
through his murals in Latin America, the USA,
and Europe.
Apitatán is a true artist by conviction and a true
creative by nature. He puts his heart into every sketch

he does. Apitatán leaves an artistic trail wherever he
walks, paying tribute to the beauty of simplicity.
Taken from: Bio: Ecuador. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.apitatan.com/bio
22
Oral Communication
Do you like salsa music?
I Love Salsa
Grammar Note
In groups, discuss these questions. Then discuss your answers as
a class. Do you all agree? Tag Questions
• Do you like salsa? Why or why not? We use tag questions to ask
for confirmation. They mean
• Do you dance salsa?
something like: “Is that right?”
• Who is your favorite salsa singer or band? or “Do you agree?” They are
very common in English.
Ecuador is a beautiful
country, isn’t it?
You like salsa, don’t you?
You don’t like dancing,
do you?
You’re not happy, are you?
Notice that the tag repeats
the auxiliary verb (or main
verb when the verb be is used)
from the statement and
changes it to negative
or positive.
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Listen to a story about how a salsa dance studio was created. Fill in the
blanks in the notes.
Name of the studio:
Created years ago from an idea on a trip to
Divina was interested in salsa
Assistant to artistic director of Ballet Folklórico Kutumba was named

ik
Divina’s way of dancing is special because

ep
Fre
Role Play- Speaking
Create a conversation between a salsa student (Student A) and Divina

(Student B). Include three tag questions in your conversation. They
can be positive or negative.
23
Lesson D
Do you know how the brain reads?
The Science of Reading
Form groups of two. Interview your partner and

take notes of his or her answers.
1. How old were you when you Yes No

learned how to read?
2. Was it difficult? Yes No
3. Do you like reading? Yes No
4. How many books do you Yes No

read yearly?
5. What’s the name of your favorite book?
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6. Who is your favorite writer?
Form groups of two. Interview your partner and

take notes of his or her answers.
Reading acquisition is a major step in child
Student 1 2 3 4 5
development. Many children initially struggle with
reading, and surveys indicate that about one adult in 1. Do you know what
ten fails to do it. Years of practice are needed before dyslexia is?
the brain can read naturally.
2. Do you know anyone
Why is reading so difficult? How does the brain with dyslexia?
change during the acquisition of reading? Are some
3. Do you have any
teaching strategies better adapted to the child’s brain problems when reading?
than others? What scientific reasons explain why
some ways to teach reading are better than others? 4. How can we improve
Although much still remains to be discovered, the our reading?
new science of reading is now giving us more precise
answers to all these questions. After completing this survey, look on the internet
or in your school library for more information
Understanding what goes into reading also means about dyslexia. Bring in some facts to share with
understanding its pathologies. In the explorations of the class. How can we help people with dyslexia?
the reader’s brain, it is possible to see patients who
suddenly lost the ability to read following a stroke. Vocabulary
It also includes analyzing the causes of dyslexia. It is
now clear that the dyslexic brain is different from the struggle. make an effort to reach a goal
brain of a non-dyslexic reader. Several genes linked pathologies. any deviation from a healthy
to dyslexia have been identified, as well as new or normal condition
intervention therapies. A lot of these phenomena
stroke. a sudden interruption in the normal
can be tracked with brain imaging. We are living
functioning of the brain

very exciting times in brain and reading research.
dyslexia. disorder involving difficulty in reading
Source: taken and Adapted from: Reading in the Brain. (n.d.).
Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3mW9JXS research. investigation
24
Oral Communication
Do you like reading?
I Love Reading!
Discuss the following questions with a partner. Then join your answers
as a class. See if you and your classmates feel similarly about reading.
• Do you like reading?

• Do you like writing?
Freepik
• Have you ever written anything? Poems? Stories? Letters?
• What do you like to read? Newspapers? Comic books? Magazines?
• Do know any young writer?
Grammar Note
Relative pronouns and
relative clauses
Relative pronouns are used
to introduce relative clauses.
Relative clauses provide more
information about people
and things.
Pedro Rosales, who is 65,
has just retired.
• who and whom are for
people
• which is for things
• that is for people or things
• when is for times and days
Listen again to these sentences and complete them with the correct
pronoun: use that or when • and where is for places
a. When I read something really captures my attention, There are two kinds of
it is as if I were inside the book. relative clauses:
b. Sometimes the characters create themselves, and Defining relative clauses

make clear which person or
is exciting for me, they do what they want. thing the speaker is talking
about:
c. Sabrina, if you had to choose a book or a story really
influenced you to become a writer... Marie Curie is the scientist
who discovered radium.
d. I would say a book called The Pilgrims’ First
Thanksgiving was my inspiration. Non-defining relative
clauses are used to give more
information about a person,
thing or situation:
Complete each one of the sentences with a relative clause. I met Manuela in town
yesterday, which was a nice
a. A book is something that surprise.
b. Someone that loves to read is a person who With this kind of relative
c. Reading books is not very popular among teens, which clause, use commas to
separate it from the rest
of the sentence.
25
Reading
History
What holidays do you like to celebrate?
The First Thanksgiving
Discuss these questions as a class.

• Do you know what Thanksgiving is?
• In your city or town, do you have a day
to give thanks?
Wikipedia
It all began in September 1620. A small ship
called the Mayflower left Plymouth, England with
102 passengers. A group of religious men and
women, the Pilgrims, were seeking a new home
where they could freely practice their faith. Other 1. Answer these questions:
people were attracted by the promise of prosperity b. Who were the Pilgrims?
in the New World. After a very hard trip of 66
days, the Mayflower crossed Massachusetts Bay,
where the Pilgrims began establishing a village at c. Where did the Pilgrims establish a new village?
Plymouth. Eventually, a Native American named
Squanto taught the Pilgrims how to cultivate corn,
catch fish in the rivers, and avoid poisonous plants. d. Who was Squanto?
In November 1621, after the Pilgrims’ first corn
harvest was successful, Governor Bradford organized
a celebratory feast and invited a group of the colony’s e. What did he do for the Pilgrims?
Native American allies, including the Wampanoag
chief Massasoit. This event is now remembered as
f. Why did the Pilgrims organize
America’s first Thanksgiving. In 1863, in the middle
a celebratory feast?
of the United States Civil War, President Lincoln
declared Thanksgiving Day a national holiday to be
honored each November. Since then, it is celebrated 2. Read the article again. Look for true cognates.
the fourth Thursday of November every year. Make a list of 10 true cognates from the article.
Taken and adapted from: History.com Editors. (2009, October 27).

Thanksgiving 2020. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/36al949
Vocabulary
seeking. look for
faith. religion
village. a small group of houses in a country area
Native American. any member of the peoples

living in North or South America before the
Europeans arrived
harvest. collect
feast. a rich meal
26
Writing
What interests you most about history?
Definition Paragraph
A definition paragraph explains what something is or what a term
means. Definition paragraphs are often used to explain specific or
special uses of familiar words so that everyone understands exactly
what is meant in the particular context.
Definition paragraphs contain three types of sentences:
A topic sentence
The topic sentence of a definition paragraph usually gives a general
definition of the term.
Supporting sentences
The supporting sentences give details that make the definition
clearer. The details may include examples, descriptions, comparison
and contrast, classification, analysis or any other form of explanation
that helps to clarify the term.
A concluding sentence
The concluding sentence usually gives a contextual definition, for
example, the type of situation in which an object or term would be used.
Write a definition paragraph (70-80 words) about a holiday or historical

event of your choice. First, decide on a topic sentence. Then write some
supporting details about the event. Finally, write a concluding sentence.
You can look for information on the internet, but the paragraph needs
to be written in your own words. Write your draft here.
Freepik
When you are done with your

draft, ask a classmate to read
what you have prepared.
Tell him/her to give you
comments about it. Is
it organized? Do they
understand all the words?
Do they see any mistakes?
When you get home, edit your

first draft and write a final one
to turn in to your teacher.
27
Do you like comics or cartoons?
Ecuadorian Cartoonist Bonil

Interesting Fact
Around the world, recently a particular style of

cartooning called “political cartoons” has become
popular. The artists draw satirical pictures of
famous politicians based on their personalities
or current events.
What do you think about this? Is it acceptable to
make fun of political figures and world leaders
in this way?
Wikipedia / ANDES
In groups of five students, collect newspapers and

magazines and look for Bonil’s cartoons. You can
also use images from the internet. Identify if the
cartoons you find are social, political or humor
cartoons. Collect as many as you can and paste
them on a poster. Talk about them and share them
with your class.
Then, in groups of three students, draw a cartoon

in the style of Bonil. Share your drawings with your
class and explain the story behind them.
Freepik
Look at this cartoon. What do you see? Describe

what you see and discuss your ideas with a partner.
Xavier Bonilla, known as “Bonil”, is an Ecuadorian

press cartoonist who was born in 1964. He studied
sociology before dedicating himself to editorial
humoristic cartooning. Since 1985, he has drawn in
numerous national newspapers. He currently works
for the main Ecuadorian newspaper (El Universo)
and several magazines (Nuestro Mundo, Rocinante,
Gestión). He is a member of Cartooning for Peace
and Cartoon Club Mexico. He has been awarded
Freepik
many prizes and he has exhibited all over the world.

However, his caricatures, which criticize corruption
and social and political problems, are not appreciated

by everyone. He has been prosecuted and threatened
with death. He went on to publish a cartoon about
the controversy in the national newspaper.
28
Oral Communication
Do you collect anything?
A Collector
Tip
Observe these objects below and circle the one that is NOT a stamp. Below is a list of words that only
differ by one sound: /t/ or /d/.
a d
/t/ /d/
bat bad
got god
hat had
write ride
ant and
at add
b e bet bed
cart card
eight aid
feet feed
heart hard
hit hid
hurt heard
c f mat mad
meant mend
neat need
not nod
plate played
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sat sad
sent send
set said
sheet she’d
sight side
Listen to Amelia and her grandfather talk about his hobby of collecting
spent spend
stamps and answer the questions that follow.
state stayed
1. What is a philatelist?
Say one of these words from the
list aloud and see if your partner
2. What is a stamp? Where can you find one? can guess which one it is!
3. What does Amelia’s grandfather do with philatelists around Grammar Note

the world?
Expressions for
describing objects
4. What is going to arrive from the United States?
It’s made of…
It’s from...
Describe two of the stamps you see above using one of the expressions It’s round/square…
for describing objects. Read your description to a partner and see if he/ It’s a kind of…
she can guess what stamp you are describing. It’s used for…
29
Assessment
Achievement Level - Writing

Individual activity
1 Write a compare-contrast paragraph about two Ecuadorian cities. It should

include a topic sentence and concluding sentence and be 80-90 words.
Achievement Level - Reading

Individual activity
2 Read the article. For each question, choose the correct option.
Learn Indian Dancing

I’ve always wanted to learn how to dance. When I was 15 years old, I loved
going to discos and I used to spend hours practicing my moves in front of the
mirror. I think I was quite good, but as I turned older, I became less confident.
Recently I decided to join a dance class. The problem is that for most classes
you need a male partner. This is very difficult because I cannot always find one.
So, while reading a magazine, I found out that Indian dancing does not need a
partner. I could do it on my own. I found a class on the internet and registered
for it. I went to the first class feeling very nervous. The teacher came in looking
fantastic in her traditional dance clothes and I soon caught her enthusiasm and
good energy. I have noticed a lot of changes about myself since I started dancing.
I am much fitter and feel more confident. I have made some great friends
in the class. If you are interested in dancing, or you just want to feel better,
I recommend Indian dance.
30
What are you passionate about?
1. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text?

b. to talk about her new friends
c. to say how she began her hobby
d. to describe her childhood
2. What is the problem the writer has?
c. for most classes you need a traditional clothes
d. for most classes you need a partner
e. for most classes you need a pair of dance shoes
3. What is the best advertisement for Indian dance?
d. Learn how to dance! No need to bring a partner. We will match you
with somebody here.
e. If you are interested in dance, why not learn the art of Indian dancing!
Excellent teachers. Everybody welcome.
f. Do want to dance? We teach simple steps from Latin American
to Indian dancing.
g. If you have a partner, join our dancing classes. Have fun and keep
fit at the same time!
Achievement Level - Speaking in pairs

Group activity
3 Talk with a partner about your favorite activities to do in your free time. Ask
each other questions. Consider: Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?
I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.
Self-evaluation I check the box that most applies to me
I do it I can’t do it
Topics I do it very well I can improve
somewhat well without help
Use definite and indefinite articles
Form relative clauses
Use tag questions
31
Project 2
Class Talent Show

You are going to participate in a class talent show!
Each presentation can be individual or in groups. You can dance or sing in

Tip English, read poems or stories, play an instrument, demonstrate extreme
sports, make art or handcrafts, or anything else that shows your talent.
The whole show must be in English and each presentation must contain
When presenting an exposition an exposition in English explaining what the sport or the activity is about.
or a speech, it is common to use Music must be in English as well.
transitional words and phrases.
This is a cultural event where you will be able use the language you have
To give examples acquired during this school year to show off your greatest talent!
example, for example, for

instance, an illustration
of this, another
To provide a description
in the interior, on the exterior,
on the inside, on the outside,
surrounding, in the middle
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distance, in the background,
in the far distance, next to,
near, up, down, between,
above, below, on top of,
beneath, left, right, center,
front, back, middle.
To begin an explanation
first of all, the first step,
at first, initially, to begin with,
in the beginning.
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To continue an explanation
where, in general, other, while,
as, at the same time, the next
step, after, next, then.
To end an explanation
the final/last step, finally,
eventually, at last.
Freepik
Freepik
32

English Pedagogical Module 6: What Are You Passionate About?

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English What are you

Pedagogical Module 6 passionate about?

Second Course BGU

Articles 5 6 Thanksgiving Day

12 Teamwork 11 Reaching a goal 10 Gender equality

Work...but have fun too!

You have to make time for those things too.

• Do you have a lot of free time?

• How do you spend your free time?

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Why is soccer the most popular sport in the world?

Interesting Facts A Passion for Soccer

globally. around the world

fan. someone who admires

Do you have a hobby?

Wooden Cars Race in Quito

Look at these pictures. What type of race is it? Adverbs of Frequency

• Most Ecuadorian companies pay taxes yearly.

Listen to a radio podcast about an activity that

1. How long has the race been a tradition?

2. How many people participate in the race?

3. In what city is the race?

5. What do the festivities celebrate? 2.

Do you think women and men can play sports equally?

a. Who scored the first goal?

b. What happened during the break?

This story was about a women’s

not? How can women’s sports

What is the most memorable day of your life?

Topic sentence: A Narrative

Think about the topic for one or two minutes. Brainstorm

Do you like abstract art?

Yayoi Kusama- Conceptual Art

Flickr / Susanne Nilsson

For example: A pair of shoes

How do you feel?

Getting Medical Attention

2. What part(s) of his body did he injure?

Imagine you have an accident

2. What part of her body got hurt?

3. Has the girl taken medicine?

Communication and Cultural Awareness

What would be your own personal theme song?

• When and where is the next Fifa World

Live It Up by Nicky Jam feat. Will Smith & Era Istrefi

A Passion for Traveling

Read the definitions and complete the

Watch your pronunciation!

2. Sophia joins a cycling girls’ project called

3. They are five

4. They travelled from to

5. They traveled around

6. Their purpose was

Do you like surrealist art?

In groups of three, you will prepare a PPT or

• Who was Rene Magritte?

Flickr / Jacqueline Nonkels

• Compare René Magritte’s artwork and Yayoi

Some people enjoy looking at or doing art in their