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    LT Vs HT PF Compensation

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Pandey
    LT capacitors provide greater benefits than HT capacitors for power factor correction. With LT capacitors, the power factor is improved on both the LT and HT sides, reducing reactive power flow and current. This leads to lower transformer copper losses, increased transformer capacity, and optimized switchgear ratings. For a 2000kVA transformer, LT capacitors provide monthly cost savings of Rs. 20,278/- from reduced losses. They also allow an additional 460kW of load to be connected under the same transformer.

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    LT Vs HT PF Compensation

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Pandey
    379 views2 pages
    LT capacitors provide greater benefits than HT capacitors for power factor correction. With LT capacitors, the power factor is improved on both the LT and HT sides, reducing reactive power flow and current. This leads to lower transformer copper losses, increased transformer capacity, and optimized switchgear ratings. For a 2000kVA transformer, LT capacitors provide monthly cost savings of Rs. 20,278/- from reduced losses. They also allow an additional 460kW of load to be connected under the same transformer.

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    LT vs HT PF compensation

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    LT capacitors provide greater benefits than HT capacitors for power factor correction. With LT capacitors, the power factor is improved on both the LT and HT sides, reducing reactive power flow and current. This leads to lower transformer copper losses, increased transformer capacity, and optimized switchgear ratings. For a 2000kVA transformer, LT capacitors provide monthly cost savings of Rs. 20,278/- from reduced losses. They also allow an additional 460kW of load to be connected under the same transformer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    379 views2 pages

    LT Vs HT PF Compensation

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Pandey
    LT capacitors provide greater benefits than HT capacitors for power factor correction. With LT capacitors, the power factor is improved on both the LT and HT sides, reducing reactive power flow and current. This leads to lower transformer copper losses, increased transformer capacity, and optimized switchgear ratings. For a 2000kVA transformer, LT capacitors provide monthly cost savings of Rs. 20,278/- from reduced losses. They also allow an additional 460kW of load to be connected under the same transformer.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Issue 25

    –|VArticle|–
    Benefits of using LT Capacitors over HT Capacitors:

    Power factor compensation can be provided on either LT or HT side of the distribution transformer. Often,
    compensation is done on the HT side as the electricity board measures power factor on HT side for penalty
    calculation. Also, HT capacitors involve low initial investment as compared to LT capacitors. However,
    compensation achieved by HT capacitors does not provide the benefits offered by the use of LT capacitors, as
    discussed in this article.
    Consider two cases with compensation provided on HT and LT side respectively as shown in figure 1 and 2.

    FIG 1: Compensation on HT side FIG 2: Compensation on LT side

    As seen in fig 1, with the capacitor connected on the HT side, the compensated reactive power flow through the
    transformer does not reduce and hence there is no change in current flow. Although the HT side power factor is
    improved, the LT side power factor remains same. However, as seen in fig 2, connecting capacitor on LT side
    reduces the reactive power flow through the transformer and we get improved power factor and reduced
    current flow on both LT and HT sides.

    1. Reduction in transformer copper losses:

    Consider a load of 1200 kW connected to a transformer of 2000 kVA. The typical full-load copper losses in a
    2000 kVA transformer are 25000 W.

    When compensation is provided on HT side, operating power factor of the transformer is 0.75 (same as
    uncompensated), denoted by cosØ1.
    When compensation is provided on LT side, operating power factor of the transformer is 0.98 (compensated),
    denoted by cosØ2.

    Power Saving = ( )
    Where,
    Wf = Full Load Copper Losses = 25000 W
    = 0.6

    Power Saving (in W) = 25000*0.6*(1/.75-1/.98) = 4694 W


    Monthly Energy Savings (in kWh) = 4694 *24*30/1000 = 3380 kWh
    Typical Energy Charge (in Rs/kWh) = Rs. 6 per kWh
    Monthly Cost Saving (in Rs) = 6*3380 = Rs. 20278/-
    Yearly Cost Savings (in Rs) = 20278*12 = Rs. 243330/-

    Thus, LT compensation provides monthly savings of Rs. 20,278/- for a 2000 kVA transformer. Additionally, the
    operating temperature of the transformer is relatively less because of reduced copper losses. Hence, apart from
    monetary benefits, LT compensation also ensures longer life of the transformer.

    2. Capacity release in transformer:

    Consider a 2000 kVA transformer connected to a load.

    When compensation is provided on HT side, operating PF of transformer = 0.75


    Cast 1: Maximum load that can be connected = 2000*0.75 = 1500 kW
    When compensation is provided on LT side, operating PF of transformer = 0.98
    Cast 2: Maximum Load that can be connected = 2000*0.98 = 1960 kW
    Additional load that can be connected under the same transformer = 460 kW

    LT compensation allows release of capacity of 460 kW with the same transformer. Thus, additional load can be
    easily connected to the system without any additional investments in new transformers.

    3. Optimized main incomer switchgear rating:

    LT side capacitor, when connected after the main incomer reduces the current drawn by the same set of loads.
    Hence incomer switchgear rating can be optimized and the investment cost of the main incomer can be
    reduced.

    Apart from those mentioned above, LT compensation also offers other advantages, such as
     Maintenance of LT capacitors and panels is easier and does not require complex safety measures.
     Spares and accessories for the same are easily available and relatively cheaper.
    Thus, for a factory with all LT loads, power factor compensation with LT capacitors proves to be a better option,
    with its relatively lesser payback period.

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