Lift Canal May 5, 2021: Babu Jageevan Ram Uttarandhra Sujala Sravanthi Project Package - 1 Phase - Ii

Project : BABU JAGEEVAN RAM UTTARANDHRA SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT
PACKAGE -1 PHASE – II
Canal : LIFT CANAL Job : DESIGN OF SUPER PASSAGE (SP) Chainage : @ Km : 5.085
Reach : 1 Subject : CONTENTS Date : May 5, 2021
CONTENTS
S.No DESCRIPTION Page No
I CHECK SLIP
II NOTE ON DESIGN FEATURES 1
III DESIGN CALCULATIONS
1. HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF CANAL 7
2. HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF STREAM 7
3. MFL CALCULATIONS 8
4. VENTWAY CALCULATIONS 9
5. TRANSITIONS CALCULATIONS 12
6. TAIL CHANNEL CALCULATIONS 12
7. T.E.L. CALCULATIONS 13
8. SCOUR DEPTH CALCULATIONS 22
9. DESIGN OF TROUGH SLAB 23
10. DESIGN OF TROUGH SIDE WALL 29
11. DESIGN OF TROUGH MIDDLE WALL 38

12. DESIGN OF TROUGH ABUTMENT 44
13. DESIGN OF DECK SLAB - ROAD BRIDGE 102
14. DESIGN OF ABUTMENT - ROAD BRIDGE 111
15. DESIGN OF SLAB – FOOT BRIDGE 118
16. DESIGN OF ABUTMENT- FOOT BRIDGE 122
17. DESIGN OF WING WALLS & RETURN WALLS 125

IV DRAWINGS
1. INDEX & CATCHMENT AREA MAP
2. GRID PLAN
3. LS & CS OF STREAM
4. GENERAL ALIGNMENT DRAWING
5. DETAILS OF SECTIONS
6. R C C DETAILS OF DECK SLRB – ROAD BRIDGE
7. R C C DETAILS OF FOOT BRIDGE

8. R C C DETAILS OF TROUGH
Subject : CHECK LIST Type : RCC TROUGH Chainage : Km : 5.085
Sl. No. Description Remarks

Has an Index Map to a scale of 1:25000 showing the location and
1 Yes
any alternatives been enclosed?
Has the contour survey plan to a scale of 1:400 covering 200m
2 Yes
around the structure been enclosed?
Has site plan to a scale of 1:3500 giving the following information
3 Yes
been enclosed.
a. Has the names of roads or drains with direction been given? Yes
b. Has the canal proposals been shown? Yes
c. If the structure is in skew, have the angle and direction of skew
Yes
been given?
d. Has the reference to B.M been given? No
e. Are the levels and identification number of C.S given? Yes
f. Are the trial pit particulars given? Yes
g. Have the spot levels of adjacent country been given? No
4 i. Has the L.S of the drain been given? Yes
ii. Is the scale adopted as 1:5000 horizontal & 1:200 vertical ? Yes
5 Has the L.S of canal showing the site of crossing been enclosed? Yes
Has a note on the important details of masonry works along the
6 Nil
drain enclosed?
ii.If so, are the hydraulic particulars furnished? N.A
Is a list of Masonry works for 3 kms U/s and D/s of structure
7 Yes
furnished?
Structure is proposed in view of canal
8 Is the necessity for the structure explained clearly?
interrupting existing drain.
9 Have the canal chainages been given? As per Approved H.Ps
10 Have the leads for materials of construction been given? N.A
11 Has any proposal depending on site conditions been marked? Yes
Have the possibilities or diversion been examined? It is a major
12 Yes
stream cannot be diverted.
13 Has the catchment map of the drain been furnished? Yes
14 Have the Hydraulic particulars of the drain furnished? Yes
15 Has any special features or relevant information been furnished? Nil
16 Has certificate of levels given? ---
17 Have plans been indexed and Numbered? Yes
18 Are the L.S and C.S levels of corresponding points tallying? Yes
19 Are the north points and scales noted in the plans? Yes
Subject : NOTE ON DESIGN FEATURS
Chainage : Km : 5.085
INTRODUCTION:
The lift canal alignment of Uttarandra Sujala srawanthi Project crosses the stream @ Km.5.08500. As
seen from canal bed and stream bed a Super passage is feasible and is designed with the following
Hydraulic Particulars.
HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF CANAL:
Sl.No. Description Units Particulars

1 Discharge (R / D) cumecs 162.600 / 163.032
2 Bed Width m 37.500
3 F.S.D m 4.150
4 Free board m 0.750
5 Bed fall --- 1 in 20000
6 Value of rugosity --- 0.018
7 Side Slopes --- 1.5 : 1 / 2.0 : 1
8 Velocity m/sec 0.898
9 Top Width of banks R/L m 8.000 / 5.000
10 C.B.L m + 64.855
11 F.S.L m + 69.005
12 T.B.L m + 69.755
13 Stream bed level @ crossing m + 83.719
STREAM PARTICULARS
Sl.No. Description Units Particulars
1 Catchment Area Sq.Km 1.136
2 M.F.D by Dicken’s formula Cumecs 21.457
3 Bed level of stream crossing m + 83.719
4 Bed fall --- 1 in 30
5 Value of n (assumed) --- 0.030
6 Avg. depth of flow m 0.659
7 Avg. velocity m/s 2.983
8 MFL's
i. at crossing m + 84.082
M.F.L at 50.0 m U/S m + 84.920
M.F.L at 50.0 m D/S m + 82.997
VENT WAY & AFFLUX

The stream bed level at crossing is + 83.719 and the trough sill level fixed @+81.87. The vertical
clearance over the FSL is 12.525 m. Hence 7 vents of 13m clear span is proposed with intermediate piers
of 1.5 m thick uniform. There is an afflux of 1.465 cm. To convey the stream discharge over the canal
trough consisting 3 bay of 2.3 x 1.2 m size with 0.4 m free board is proposed. The velocity in the trough
is 2.598 m/s.
TRANSITIONS
1
Transition widths are proposed considering 60% Laceys width. In this case, for the discharge of 21.457
cumecs, 60% laceys width is worked out to be 13.34m. Hence on U/S the transition width is proposed as
13.340 m with transition length of 6m in 1 : 2 flare and on D/s width is 13.34m with 9 m transition length
in 1 : 3 flare .
RCC TROUGH
The section of the trough consists of 2 RCC side walls ( L – beams). The thickness of trough slab is 0.3mm
and is designed for the bending moment for self weight and water load combined with direct pull due to
water thrust.
A water proof sealing coat of 40 mm thickness is provided in CC M35 with suitable admixtures added to it
over the trough slab which is to be laid monolithic with the floor slab. The side walls of the trough are
designed as beams between the Abutments to support vertical loads due to own weight and the reaction
from the floor slab. The side wall is also checked for cantilever moment due to water thrust from inside
and wind force from outside. The trough is proposed in VRCC M30. 150 x 150 mm fillets with fillet bars
are proposed at the junction slab and beam for fixidity. 100 x 300 mm haunches are proposed at the
bottom to avoid contact over the support. Similarly intermediate wall if any is designed as a T-Beam.
Mix proposed M30 Modular ratio 9.333

Stress in concrete 100.0 kg/cm2 Lever arm coefficient 0.861
Stress in steel 1300 kg/cm2 Neutral axis coefficient 0.418
M.R coefficient 17.985
TOTAL ENERGY LEVELS:
The total energy levels are worked out from D/S of the structure. The coefficients for sudden expansion
and sudden contraction considered are 0.5 and 0.3 respectively. Similarly the coefficients for gradual
expansion and contraction considered as 0.3 and 0.2 respectively. The head over the drop is found by
trial and error.
FLOOR CONCRETE
On U/s and D/S & U/S of the trough 600 mm thick floor concrete in CC M20 is proposed with 75 mm
wearing coat in CC M25 over it. On U/s cut off is proposed at +81.295 and on D/S at +79.87 at a slope of
0.25:1 in VCCM20. Cutoff shall be extended under the returns also.
ABUTMENT
The abutment is proposed away from the water prism in burried condition, Hence the abutment
foundation level is +81.7 which is well below the Ground level. The top width of abutment is 1.00m and
the bottom width is 1.60m. Abutments are designed for direct loads from trough and earth pressures
behind the abutment computed as per TVA procedure. Unit Weight of saturated earth as 2.0 t/m³,
water as 1.0 t/m³ and weight of plain concrete as 2.5 t/m³.
The angle of repose and angle of friction of soil considered are 28° and 14° respectively. The maximum
stress in the concrete is 7.86 t/m² and on soil is 7.018 t/m². The abutments are founded on 600 mm
thick in VCC M20 using 40 MSA.
BED BLOCKS
2
300 mm thick RCC bed blocks under side walls and intermediate walls over abutments & piers shall be
provided in M30. Top of bed blocks are proposed to be plastered smooth in CM 1:3 mix and a thick kraft
paper in layers is to be laid over it before laying the side walls.
WINGS & RETURNS
The Wings & Returns are designed for saturated earth pressures keeping the water face vertical and rear
batter and stability calculations are done as per T.V.A procedure. Wing walls & returns are proposed in
CC M20 using 40 MSA with top thickness of 500mm. Foundation level for wings on U/S is kept at +81.2
and foundation level for wing walls at D/S is kept at +81.2. The thickness of foundation under wings is
kept as 500 mm in CC M20.
It is assumed that the soil met with at foundation level can take up the designed stresses. However
during execution if the soils met with at foundation level cannot take the designed stress then, the
design needs revision.
Sl. Soil (t/m²)

STRESS STABLE
No. Max Min
1 Section (1-1 & 2-2 ) 7.356 5.552
2 Section (3 -3 ) 7.356 5.552
3 Section (5-5 ) 4.907 4.565
4 Section (7 – 7) 4.818 4.609
5 Section (9-9) 6.202 5.500
6 Section (10-10 & 11-11) 6.675 3.446
TAIL CHANNEL
A tail channel of bed width equal to transition width on D/S is to be excavated with side slopes in 1.5:1
till the barrel floor level meets the natural stream bed level at a bed fall of 1 in 1300m. The tail channel
is proposed to be protected with rough stone pitching.
SCOUR DEPTHS:
The widths of transitions for stream flow @ entry and exit are 13.34m and 13.34m respectively. With silt
factor of 1, the maximum scour levels on D/S abd U/S works out to be at + 80.419 and +81.491
respectively. On D/S the foundation level is + 81.295 and a cutoff of 2 m below floor level is provided at
+79.87 in slope of 0.25:1. similarly cutoff at U/S is provided at +81.295.
EXPANSION JONTS
12 mm thick expansion joints with 225 mm wide PVC rubber water stoppers are proposed over
abutments and pier at the free ends of trough and will continued vertically in the side walls.
3
WEEP HOLES
Weep holes of size 100 mm dia are proposed in the stream wings above low water level at spacing of 1 m
c/c bothways in staggered fashion both horizontally & vertically with Filters(with graded material) at
the rear end to prevent piping of the backfill earth.
PROTECTION WORKS
300mm thick rough stone pitching to bed and sides is proposed for a length of 5.0m on U/S & 5.0m on
D/S. 450 mm x 450 mm profile wall is proposed at either ends in VCCM20.
Blocks of 150mmx150mmx600mm are provided along the span at equal intervals to obstruct vehicles
entering trough as it is not designed for vehicular loads.
SINGLE LANE ROAD BRIDGE
DECK – SLRB
The Clear water way is 6.9m. And the width of the trough is 7.6 m including intermediate beams. Hence
the bridge is proposed for a span of 3.3m. The bottom level of deck is fixed at +83.397 keeping the
vertical clearance under the bridge as 0.4 m. The deck is designed for on lane of class a loading with the
carriage way of 4.25 m in between kerbs and is proposed in VRCC M25 using 20 MSA.
The thickness of deck works out to 600mm. 75 mm thick wearing coat is proposed over the deck in CC
M30 with 8mm dia bars @ 200c/c both ways. 20 mm thick expansion joints are proposed at the free ends
of deck over the abutments and they are proposed to be filled with Asphaltic joint filler.
Mix proposed M 25 Modular ratio 10.980

Stress in concrete 85.0 kg/cm2 Lever arm coefficient 0.894
Stress in steel 2000 kg/cm2 Neutral axis coefficient 0.318
M.R coefficient 12.088
ABUTMENT – SLRB
Abutments are designed for direct load from deck & live load reaction for class-A loading. Earth
pressures behind the abutments are calculated as per TVA procedure. 1.2m height of surcharge over
back fill is considered as per bridge code. Horizontal forces due to braking and temperate variation are
also considered as per IRC bridge codes. Abutments are proposed in VCC M 20 using 40 MSA.
The top width of Abutment is proposed as 1 m and bottom width as 3.9 m. The maximum & minimum
stresses at the base works out to 15.847 t/m² and 2.052t/m² in concrete and 13.61 t/m² and 5.804t/m²
in soil respectively.
BED BLOCK – SLRB
300 mm thick RCC bed blocks under side walls and intermediate walls over abutments & piers shall be
provided in M25. Top of bed blocks are proposed to be plastered smooth in CM 1:3 mix and a thick kraft
paper in layers is to be laid over it an the bearing surfaces should be made smooth by rubbing with
Carborandam stones before laying the deck.
4
APPROACH SLAB – SLRB
3500 mm length approach slab of 150 mm thick is to be laid on either side of bridge in VRCC M30 using
12 mm Ø bars @ 150 c/c both ways @ top & bottom. The approach slab to be laid over 225 mm thick
well compacted gravel base.
FOOT BRIDGE
Foot Bridge is proposed on right side of canal for continuity of bank. It is also designed for 3.3 m clear
span. The width of Foot Bridge is 1.5 m in between beams. It is designed for crowd load of 400 kg/m ².
The slab is designed for 3.3 m clear span in between beams and the beams are designed in between the
supports. The beam & slab are proposed in VRCC M25 using 20 MSA. The same stresses and constants
adopted for SLRB are considered for Foot Bridge. The thickness of slab is 100 mm .
ABUTMENT – FOOT BRIDGE
Abutments under Foot Bridge are designed for deck and earth pressures due to back fill computed as per
T.V.A procedure. They are proposed in VCC M20. 500 mm thick foundation are also proposed under
them in VCC M20
The top width of Abutment is proposed as 1 m and bottom width as 2.5 m. The maximum & minimum
stresses at the base works out to 15.736 t/m² and 2.042t/m² in concrete and 13.952 t/m² and 4.253t/m²
in soil respectively.
The expansion joints at the free ends of deck over abutments are as same as for Road bridge. Bed blocks
are also as of SLRB.
STANDARDS AND REFERENCES:

1 IS 456 - 2000 4 IS 3370 part-II – 2009
2 IS 7784 Part-I – 1993 5 CWC Manual on Drops
3 IS 7784 Part-II sec-II – 2000
5
Subject : HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS
1.0 Hydraulic Particulars Of Canal At The Location Of The Structure
Sl DESCRIPTION UNITS PARTICULARS
1 Discharge R / D cumecs 162.600 / 163.032

2 Bed width m 37.500
3 Full supply depth m 4.150
4 Free board m 0.750
5 Side slopes --- 1.5 : 1 / 2.0 : 1
6 Bed fall --- 1 in 20000
7 Value of Rugosity (n) --- 0.0180
8 Velocity m/s 0.898
9 Top width of banks (R/L) m 8.000 / 5.000
10 Canal bed level m + 64.855
11 Full supply level m + 69.005
12 Top of bank m + 69.755
13 G.L. / Stream Bed level m + 83.719
2.0 Stream Particulars:
I) Catchment Area = 1.136 Sq. Km

ii) Dickens Formula Q = 3/4
CM
where C = 19.5 for catchment areas from < 2.5 Sq. Kms
M = Catchment area
Q = 21.457 cumecs
iii) Stream bed level at crossing = + 83.719 m HENCE O
iv) Stream bed level at 50m U/s = + 85.429 m
v) Stream bed level at 50m D/s = + 81.875 m
7
Subject : M.F.L Calculations
3.1 M.F.L. Calculations :-
3.1 Bed fall of Stream:

1. Bed level at Km 0.000 (Crossing) + 83.719
Slope 1 in 25.9
Bed level at 75 m U/S + 86.610

Slope 1 in 29.2

Slope 1 in 15.5

Slope 1 in 20.3
Bed level at 25 m D/S + 82.490

Slope 1 in 27.1

Slope 1 in 36.7
Average of 1-6 = ( 25.9 + 29.2 + 15.5 + 36.7+27.1+20.3 = 25.81

Adopt a bed fall of 1 in 30.0 and the value of n as 0.0300 for calculating M.F.L's
3.2.0 MFL of the Cross sections:

M.F.L at 50.0 m U/S : + 84.920
M.F.L at Crossing : + 84.082
M.F.L at 50.0 m D/S : + 82.997
3.2.1 M.F.L at 50.0 m U/S : Assuming the MFL as + 84.920
Stream bed Average Area Cross

M.F.L. Cal Depth Distance
levels Depth (Sq.m) Chainage
84.920
84.920 87.050 84.920 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 -50
84.920 86.887 84.920 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 -40
84.920 86.622 84.920 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 -30
84.920 85.464 84.920 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 -20
84.920 85.429 84.920 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 -10
8.1
84.920 84.695 84.695 0.23 0.113 3.071 0.346 0
84.920 85.562 84.920 0.00 0.113 2.600 0.293 10
Subject : VENTWAY CALCULATIONS FOR STREAM & CANAL
4. Ventway for Stream & Canal:
Max. flood discharge = 21.457 cumecs

Max permissible velocity in RCC Trough = 4.0 m/s
Allowable velocity in stream in barrel = 3.0 m/s
21.457 = 7.152 m2
A =
3
Providing 0.15 m x 0.15 m Fillet , Area = 0.011 m2
Provide 3 bay of 2.30 x 1.20 m
Area of Flow = 8.26 sqm > 7.2 sqm HENCE OK

The velocity in the trough = 2.598 m/s < 3.00 m/s HENCE OK
SBL is 14.714 m above FSL of canal

Sill of trough is kept at = + 81.870
Free board in trough = 0.40 m

Thickness of side walls = 0.35 m
Thickness of bottom slab = 0.300 m
Sealing Coat = 40 mm
Haunches = 300 mm x 100 mm
Thickness of intermediate wall = 0.35 m

Bottom of trough = + 81.530
Trough top level = + 83.470
vertical clearance = Bottom level of trough – F.S.L

= + 81.530 - 69.005
= 12.525 m > 0.450 m HENCE OK
Provide 7 Vents of 13 m clear span

with intermediate pier of 6 No of 1.5 m thick
No. of Berms = 2
1st Berm level = + 69.755 Width of 1st berm = 3.00

Height of 1st Berm = 4.90 Total Width of 1st berm = 6.00
Canal side slope = 1.5 : 1 Canal Width at 1st berm = 58.20 m
2nd Berm level = + 74.755 Width of 2nd berm = 3.00

Height of 2nd Berm = 5.00 Total Width of 2nd berm = 6.00
Canal side slope = 1.5 : 1 Canal Width at 2nd berm = 79.20 m
Sill level = 81.870 Width of 3rd berm = 0.00

Height = 7.12 Total Width of 3rd berm = 0.00
Canal side slope = 1.5 : 1 Canal Width at 3rd berm = 100.55 m
Bottom of Trough = + 81.530

Canal side slope = 1.5 : 1
Width at TBL/GL = 99.525 m
9
Bed width = 37.50 m

Width at under side of trough = ( 81.530 - 64.855 ) x 3.0 + 37.500
87.525 m
Thickness of Bearing = 0.494 m

Thickness of Expansion joint = 0.012 m
Length of trough provided = 100.988 m > 87.525 m
Afflux
The middle 2 piers obstructing the flow whereas 2 side piers obstructing partially.
Height of pier (water level) above CBL = 69.005 - 64.855

= 4.151 m
Width of pier = 1.50 m
For bed width of = 37.500 m

A = ( 37.50 + 2x 1.5 x 4.15 + 37.50 ) x 0.5 x 4.15
= 181.459 m 2
Obstruction due to piers in the canal = 2.000 x 1.500 4.150 = 12.45 sqm
= 2.000 x 1.500 x 2.075 = 6.23 sqm
Total area = 18.675 2
m
Normal area of flow (A) = 181.459 m2
Net area of flow (a) = 181.459 - 18.68 sqm

162.784 m2
Afflux = ((v2/17.86)+0.01524)*((A/a)2-1)
Afflux = [ ( 0.90² / 17.86 ) 0.0152 181.46 162.784) ² - 1 ]

= 0.01465 m or 1.465 cm
Afflux = 1.4651 cm < 3 cm HENCE OK
Scour Depth In Canal
Width of canal at FSL = 37.500 + (2 x 4.150 x 1.500 )

= 49.950 m
As para 110.1.3 of IRC : 5-1998, the Mean depth of scour is calculated by formula
1/ 3
Dsm = 1.340 x D 2b
( Ksf )
Where, Db = discharge / m width
= 163.032 = 3.729 Cumecs/m
37.50 + 49.950
2
Ksf = Silt factor = 1.25
10
Dsm = 1.34 3.729² = 1.34 x 2.232

1.25
Dsm = 2.991 m
Provide abutment foundation @ 1.5 times of scour depth as it is fully buried and away from side slopes
= 1.5 x 2.991 = 4.487
Then abutment foundation level = FSL - 1.5 Dsm
= 69.005 - 4.487
64.519
Or provide Abutment foundation level at Sill level - 2.000 m as they are fully buried and
away from canal slopes
= 83.719 - 2.000
81.719
Therefore abutment(trough) foundation level = + 81.700
Scour Depth In Stream

Width of stream = 7.600 m
As para 110.1.3 of IRC : 5-1998, the Mean depth of scour is calculated by formula
1/ 3
Dsm D2b
Where, Db = discharge / m width
= 1.340 x
( ) Ksf
= 21.457 = 2.823 Cumecs/m
7.600
Ksf = Silt factor = 1.25
Dsm = 1.34 2.823² = 1.34 x 1.854

1.25
Dsm = 2.485 m
Maximum Scour depth for Abutments = 1.5 Dsm

= 1.50 x 2.485
= 3.728 m say 3.730 m
Scour Level = FSL - Max. Scour depth

= + 83.070 - 3.730
= + 79.340
Scour depth from Sill level = Sill level - Max scour Level
= 81.870 - 79.340
= 2.530 m
However provide Abutment foundation level at Sill level 1.500 (SLRB)

= + 81.870 - 1.500
= + 80.370
11
Therefore abutment(SLRB) foundation level = + 80.300
However provide Return foundation level at Sill level 1.500 (SLRB)

= + 81.870 - 1.500
= + 80.370
Therefore Return foundation level = + 80.300
However provide Abutment foundation level at Sill level 1.500 (FB)

= + 81.870 - 1.500
= + 80.370
Therefore abutment(FB) foundation level = + 80.300
12
Subject : TEL CALCULATIONS
5.0 Transitions:
Discharge = 21.457 cumecs
Lacey's Perimeter = 4.8 Q 0.5

= 22.234 m
60% of 22.234 = 13.34 m
However the transitions can be further flumed for rigid floors duly considering the permissible velocity
3 bay of 2.30 m x 1.20 m Trough is Provided
5.1 U/S Transition:

Length of U/s transition is proposed as 6.000 m. The width at the transition at end works out
to be 13.340 m with a splay of 2 : 1.
7.600 m 13.340 m
2
1
6.0
5.1 D/S Transition:

Length of D/s transition proposed as 9.000 m. The width at the transition at end works out
to be 13.340 m with a splay of 3 : 1.
13.340 m 7.60 m
1
3
9.0
The depth of flow at the end of transition arrived is adopting BYWASH WEIR formula.
Q= 1.05 d3/2 x L
21.457 = 1.050 x d3/2 x 13.340
d3/2 = 1.53
say d = 1.33 m
12
6.0 Tail Channel:
Sill level of Trough = +81.870

Stream Bed level at 50m U/S = +85.429
Difference in levels = 3.559 m
Hence a drop of 3.600 m is provided at U/S
Hence a drop of 0.000 m is provided to meet GL at D/S
Bed level of tail channel = sill level of trough - D/S Drop Height
= +81.870 - 0.000 m
= + 81.870
Depth in the tail channel @ the exit of D/s transition = 1.329 m
Side slopes ( for inner side ) are proposed as 1.5: 1
Maximum flow level = + 81.870 + 1.329 = +83.199 m
Bed width is kept same as the width of D/s transition at the end i.e. 13.340 m
17.327 +83.199
1.329 1.5 : 1
+81.870
13.340 m
Area of flow = ( 13.340 + 1.5 x 1.329) x 1.329

= 20.378 sq.m.
Velocity (V) = 21.457 / 20.378
= 1.000 m/s < 1.2 m/s HENCE OK
From Manning's formula
V = (1/n) R2/3 S1/2
where n = 0.030
P 13.340 m + 2√3.25 x 1.329
= 18.132 m
R = 20.378 18.132
= 1.124 m
S
1/2
= Vxn/R 2/3
= 1.000 x 0.030
1.124 2/3
= 0.0278
S = 0.0008 or 1 in 1298.7
Say 1 in 1300
Provide a bed fall of 1 in 1300.0 for the tail channel till it meets the natural stream bed level.
13
7.0 T.E.L. Calculations:
U/S D/S 2 1
7.60 m
13.34
13.34
FLOW SLRB FOOT BRIDGE
2 :1 3 :1
12 11 6.0 10 9 8 7 6 5 43 9.0
Section 1 - 1 : Just outside the transition( at the exit end)

+83.199
1.329 1.5 : 1
+81.870
13.340 m
Max. flood discharge = 21.457 cumecs

Max. Flood Level = 83.199 m
Floor level = 81.870 m
Depth of flow available = 1.329 m
Area of flow = ( 13.3 + 1.5 x 1.329 ) x 1.329
= 20.378 sq.m.
Velocity = 21.457 = 1.053 m/s
20.378
V2/2g = 1.053 2
/ (2 x 9.81 )
= 0.0565 m
MFL at 1 - 1 = 83.199
TEL at 1 - 1 = 83.199 + 0.0565
= 83.256
Wetted Perimeter = 13.340 + 2 √ 3.250 x 1.329

= 18.132 m
Section 2 – 2 : (Just inside the transition at the exit end)

+83.189
1.319
+81.870
13.34
14
Assume depth of flow = 1.319 m

A = 13.34 x 1.319 = 17.595 sq.m.
Wetted Perimeter P = 13.3 + 2 x 1.319
= 15.978 sq.m. > 13.340 m.
V = 21.457 / 17.6 = 1.219 m/s
V2/2g = 1.219 2
/ (2 x 9.81 )
= 0.0758 m
Loss of head due to = 0.5 x ( 0.0758 - 0.0565)
sudden expansion = 0.0096
(Due to change in velocity from section 2 - 2 to section 1 – 1)

TEL @ 2-2 wrt section 1-1 = 83.256 + 0.0096
= 83.265
TEL at section 2 - 2 wrt assumed depth
= 81.870 + 1.319 + 0.0758
= 83.265
HENCE O.K.
Section 3 – 3 : (Just outside the trough at the exit end)
+83.044
1.174
+81.870
7.60

A = 7.60 x 1.174 = 8.922 sq.m.
p = 7.60 + 2 x 1.1740 = 9.95 m
V = 21.457 / 8.922 = 2.405 m/s

3.000
V2/2g = 2.405 2
/ ( 2 x 9.81 ) = 0.295 m
Friction losses on D/s transition

average Area = ( 17.595 + 8.922) / 2 = 13.259 sq.m.
Average Perimeter = ( 13.340 + 9.948) / 2 = 11.644 m
Mean Depth “R” = 13.259 / 11.644 = 1.139

Velocity = ( 1.219 + 2.405) / 2 = 1.812 m/s
15
S1/2 = V x n / R2/3
= 1.812 x 0.018
1.139 2/3
S1/2 = 0.0299
S = 0.00089 or 1 in 1124
Friction losses = 0.00089 x 9.00

= 0.0080
Loss of head due to gradual expansion = 0.3 x (0.2948 - 0.0758)
= 0.0657
(Due to change in velocity from section 3-3 to section 2-2)
TEL@ 3-3 wrt section 2-2 = = 83.265 + 0.0657 + 0.0080
= 83.339
TEL at section 3-3 wrt assumed depth = 81.870 + 1.174 + 0.2948
= 83.339
HENCE O.K.
Section 4 – 4 : (Just inside the transition at Road Bridge)
6.900
+82.997
1.127
+81.870
6.900

Area of Trough = ( 6.900 x 1.127 ) = 7.779 sq.m.
= 9.155 m < 13.340 m.
Velocity = 21.457 / 7.779 = 2.758 m/s
< 3.000 m/s
V2/2g = 2.758 2
/ ( 2 x 9.81 ) = 0.3877 m
Loss of head due to sudden expansion = 0.5 x (0.3877 - 0.295 )

= 0.0465
TEL@ 4-4 wrt section 3-3 = = 83.339 + 0.046
= 83.385
TEL at section 4-4 wrt assumed depth = 81.870 + 1.127 + 0.3877
= 83.385
16
Section 5 – 5 : (Just outside the Trough at Road Bridge)

6.900
+82.997
1.127
+81.870
6.900
Friction Losses:
Hydraulic radius R = A/P
= 7.779 / 9.155 = 0.850 m
Total width of Road Bridge = 5.100 m
n = 0.0180
hf = n V2L/(R)4/3
2
= 0.0156
TEL @ 5 - 5 wrt section 4 - 4 = 83.385 + 0.016
= 83.401
Section 6 – 6 : (Just inside the Trough at Road Bridge)
6.900
+82.997
1.127
+81.870
6.900

Area of Trough = 6.90 1.127 ) - ( 2 x 0.5 x 0.15 x 0.15 )
= 7.757 sq.m.
= 9.155 m < 13.340 m.
Velocity = 21.457 / 7.757 = 2.766 m/s
< 3.000 m/s
V2/2g = 2.766 2
/ ( 2 x 9.81 ) = 0.3900
Friction Losses:
= 7.757 / 9.155 = 0.847 m
17
n = 0.0180
hf = n V2L/(R)4/3
2
= 0.0133
TEL@ 6 - 6 wrt section 5 – 5 = 83.401 + 0.0133
= 83.414
Section 7 – 7 : (Just inside the trough at the entrance end)
6.900
+82.997
1.127
+81.870
6.900
Friction Losses:
A = ( 6.900 x 1.13 - 2 x 0.5 x 0.15 x 0.15 )
= 7.757 sq.m.
P = 6.90 x1 + 2 x 1.127 = 9.155 m

R = A/P
= 7.757 / 9.155 = 0.847 m
Length of trough = 100.988 m

n = 0.0180
hf = n V2L/(R)4/3
2
= 0.3123
TEL @ 7 – 7 wrt = 83.414 + 0.312

to previous section 83.726
Section 8 – 8 : (Just outside the trough at the entrance end at Foot Bridge)
6.900
+82.997
1.127
+81.870
6.900
18

Area of Trough = 6.90 1.127 ) = 7.779 sq.m.
= 9.155 m < 13.340 m.
Velocity = 21.457 / 7.779 = 2.758 m/s
< 3.000 m/s
Friction Losses:
= 7.779 / 9.155 = 0.850 m
n = 0.0180
hf = n2V2L/(R)4/3
= 0.0145
TEL @ 8 - 8 wrt section 7 - 7 = 83.726 + 0.014
= 83.741
Section 9 – 9 : (Just inside the Foot Bridge at end of U/S transition)
6.900
+82.997
1.127
+81.870
6.900
Velocity of flow = 21.457 / 7.779 = 2.758 m/sec

V2/2g = 2.758 2
/ ( 2 x 9.81 ) = 0.3877 m
Friction Losses:
= 7.779 / 9.155 = 0.850 m
n = 0.0180
hf = n2V2L/(R)4/3
= 0.0060
TEL @ 9 - 9 wrt section 8 - 8 = 83.741 + 0.0060
= 83.747
19
Section 10 – 10 : (Just outside the Foot Bridge at the entrance end)
7.60 +83.706
1.836
+81.870
7.6
Assume depth of flow of = 1.836 m

A = 7.6 x 1.836 = 13.954 sq.m.
P = 7.600 +2 x 1.836 = 11.272 m
V = 21.5 / 13.954 = 1.538 m/s
< 3.000 m/s
V /2g
2
= 1.538 2
/ (2 x 9.81 )
= 0.1210 m
Loss of head due to sudden contraction
= 0.3 x ( 0.3877 - 0.1210) = 0.0800
(Due to change in velocity from section 10 - 10 to section 9 – 9)
TEL at 10 - 10 wrt section 9 – 9 = 83.747 + 0.0800
= 83.827
TEL at section 10 – 10 wrt assumed depth = 81.870 + 1.836 + 0.121

= 83.827
HENCE O.K.
Section 11 – 11 : Just inside the transition( at the entrance)

13.340
+83.811
1.941
+81.870
13.340
Assume a depth of flow of 1.941 m

A = 13.340 x 1.94 = 25.893 sq.m.
P = 13.340 +2 x 1.941 = 17.22 m
V = 21.457 / 25.893 = 0.829 m/s
V2/2g = 0.829 2
/ (2 x 9.81 )
= 0.0350 m
Friction losses on u/s transition
average Area = ( 13.954 + 25.893) / 2 = 19.923 sq.m.
Average Perimeter = ( 11.272 + 17.222) / 2 = 14.247 m
Mean Depth “R” = 19.923 / 14.247 = 1.398
20
Velocity = ( 1.538 + 0.829) / 2 = 1.183 m/s
S1/2 = V x n / R2/3
= 1.183 x 0.018 = 0.0170
1.398 2/3
S = 0.00029 or 1 in 3448
Friction losses = 0.00029 x 6.00
= 0.0017
Loss of head due to gradual contraction
= 0.2 x ( 0.1210 - 0.0350 ) = 0.0172
(Due to change in velocity from section 11 – 11 to section 10 – 10)

TEL at 11 - 11 wrt section 10 – 10 = 83.827 + 0.0172 + 0.0017
= 83.846
TEL at section 11 – 11 wrt assumed depth
= 81.870 + 1.941 + 0.0350
= 83.846
HENCE O.K.
Section 12 – 12 : Just outside the transition( at the entrance)
+83.826
1.956 1.5 : 1
+81.870
13.340 m
First Drop height is Provided as 1.800 m
84.611
0.941 +0.800
0.141
83.670
+83.811
1.800 m 1.941 75 mm wearing coat
+81.795 +81.870
+81.120
q = 22.234
13.340
= 1.667 Cumecs / running metre
Q = 1.705 h 3/2
+ 0.8 √(2gh) x H
1.667 = 1.705 h3/2 + 0.8 √(2g) h1/2 x 0.141

= 1.705 h3/2 + 0.500 x h1/2
21
0.978 = h3/2 + 0.293 h1/2
Solving for h, h = 0.800

0.978 = 0.9780 ( LHS =RHS )
Hence Assumed Depth of flow is Correct
MFL over the drop wall = 83.670 + 0.941

+84.611 m
Second Drop height is Provided as 1.800 m
86.306
0.836 +0.836
0.000
85.470
+84.611
1.800 m 0.941 75 mm wearing coat
+83.595 +83.670
+83.670
q = 22.234
13.340
= 1.667 Cumecs / running metre
Q = 2.18 h3/2 + 0.8 √(2gh) x H
1.667 = 2.180 h3/2 + 0.8 √(2g) h1/2 x 0.000

= 2.180 h3/2 + 0.000 x h1/2
0.765 = h3/2 + 0.000 h1/2
Solving for h, h = 0.836

0.765 = 0.7650 ( LHS =RHS )
Hence Assumed Depth of flow is Correct
MFL over the drop wall = 85.470 + 0.836

+86.306 m
8.0 Design of Drop wall at section 8-8 :
a) Top Width of drop wall :
Top Width of drop wall = d/√(ρ)

where d = Maximum depth of flow over drop wall
ρ = Density of C.C = 2.500
Top Width of drop wall = 0.941 √2.5

= 0.595
22
However provide 0.600 m top width
b) Base width of drop wall :
Base width of drop wall = H + d + (W.C)/√(ρ)

where
d = Max. depth of flow over drop wall = 0.941 m
H = Height of drop wall = 1.800 m
W.C = Thickness of wearing coat = 0.075 m
ρ = Density of Masonry / concrete = 2.500 m
Base width = 1.800 + 0.941 + 0.075 √ 2.5

= 1.781 m
However provide the base width of drop wall = 1.800 m
c) Thickness of Apron:
Thickness of apron t = 0.55 √ (d + h)
where d = Max. depth of flow over drop wall = 0.941 m
h = difference of u/s & d/s water levels = 0.800 m
t = 0.55 √ 0.941 + 0.800

= 0.726 m
However provide 0.750 m thick including 0.075 m wearing coat
d) Length of Apron:
Length = 2 x d c + 2 x √ d ch
= 2x 0.941 +2x √ 0.941 x 0.800
= 3.617 m
However provide 3.700 m < 6.00
8.0 Design of Drop wall at section 8-8 :
a) Top Width of drop wall :
Top Width of drop wall = d/√(ρ)

where d = Maximum depth of flow over drop wall
ρ = Density of C.C = 2.500
Top Width of drop wall = 0.836 √2.5

= 0.529
However provide 0.550 m top width
b) Base width of drop wall :
Base width of drop wall = H + d + (W.C)/√(ρ)

where
d = Max. depth of flow over drop wall = 0.836 m
23
H = Height of drop wall = 83.670 m

W.C = Thickness of wearing coat = 0.075 m
ρ = Density of Masonry / concrete = 2.500 m
Base width = 83.670 + 0.836 + 0.075 √ 2.5

= 53.494 m
However provide the base width of drop wall = 53.500 m
c) Thickness of Apron:
Thickness of apron t = 0.55 √ (d + h)
where d = Max. depth of flow over drop wall = 0.836 m
h = difference of u/s & d/s water levels = 1.695 m
t = 0.55 √ 0.836 + 1.695

= 0.875 m
However provide 0.900 m thick including 0.075 m wearing coat
d) Length of Apron:
Length = 2 x d c + 2 x √ d ch
= 2x 0.836 +2x √ 0.836 x 1.695
= 4.054 m
However provide 4.100 m
Exit Gradient
Exit Gradient: Condition upstream water level upto crest , downstream dry.
H = R .L of crest-D/S bed level = 1.329 m
d = depth of D/S curtain wall = 2.000 m
b = floor length = 9.000 m
α = b/d = 4.500
λ ={1+sqrt(1+α2)} / 2 = 2.805
GE = 1 * H/( sqrt(λ) * Π * d ) = 0.126 < 0.3
Hence O.K
Uplift Pressures :
I) at U/S face of drop wall
α = b/d = 4.500
λ ={1+sqrt(1+α2)} / 2 = 2.805
ØE =1/Π x cos x (λ-2/λ)
-1
= 41 %
Øc = 100-ØE = 59 %
ii) End of floor
α = b/d = 4.500
λ ={1+sqrt(1+α )}/2
2
= 2.805
ØE =1/Π x cos-1 x (λ-2/λ) = 41 %
Floor thickness:
a) At D/S face of crest wall
Percentage pressure = 41.61 %
Absolute pressure = 0.81 m
24
75 % pressure = 0.61 m
Thickness of floor,t = 0.41 m
Say 0.500 m floor thickness excluding 75 mm thick wearing coat
However provide minimum of 500mm thick floor
9 Scour Depth In Stream
on D/s side:
Width of apron at exit end = 13.34 m
q = 21.457 / 13.34
= 1.608 cumecs/m.run
Scour depth (D') = 1.35 (q /f)
2 1/3
where f = silt factor = 1

Nominal scour depth = 1.35 (q2/f)1/3 = 1.853 m
= 1.35 ( ( 1.608 )2 / ( 1 ) )1/3
Maximum Scour depth = 1.5 D' = 1.50 x 1.853

=
= 2.780 m Say 2.780 m
D/s MFL = + 83.199
Scour Level = + 80.419
Floor level = + 81.870
Foundation level = + 81.295
Provide cutoff wall up to = + 79.870 HENCE OK
I.e, 2.00 m below Floor level
on U/S side:
Width of apron at entrance = 13.34 m
q = 21.457 / 13.34
= 1.608 cumecs/m.run
Scour depth (D') = 1.35 (q /f)
2 1/3
where f = silt factor = 1

Nominal scour depth = 1.35 (q2/f)1/3 = 1.853 m
= 1.35 ( ( 1.608 ) 2
/ ( 1 ) )1/3
Maximum Scour depth = 1.25 D' = 1.25 x 1.853

=
= 2.317 m Say 2.320 m
U/s MFL = + 83.811 m
Scour Level = + 81.491 m
Floor level = + 83.670 m
Foundation level = + 81.295 m
Provide cutoff wall up to = + 81.295 m HENCE OK
I.e, 2.38 m below Floor level
25
Subject : DESIGN OF TROUGH BOTTOM SLAB
0.35 0.35
0.35 0.35
0.40 0.40
2.040 1.20 1.20

2.30 2.30
0.04
0.30 0.30
0.100 0.100
0.300 0.300
8.300
The following stresses are adopted on the face away from liquid
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 415
Permissible stress in steel 's st' = 1300 Kg/cm2 (As per IS3370 -Part II 2009)
Permissible Direct Comp. Stress 'scc' = 80 Kg/cm2 (As per IS3370 -Part II 2009)
Permissible Bending Comp. Stress 'scbc' = 100 Kg/cm2 (As per IS3370 -Part II 2009)
2
Unit weight of R .C .C = 2500 Kg/m (As per IRC 6 -2014)
Unit Weight of water = 1000 Kg/m2
The other standard co-efficients are

Modular Ratio = 9.333
k = m scbc/(mscbc +sst) = 0.418
j = 1-k/3 = 0.861
Q = 0.5 k j scbc = 17.985
Size of trough = 3 bays of 2.300 m width

depth of flow in the trough = 1.200 m
Free board = 0.40 m
Depth of water considered = depth of flow in the trough + free board

Depth of water considered = 1.200 + 0.400 = 1.600 m
Total Depth of trough = 1.600 m
The trough bottom slab is designed as spanning between beams

Assuming thickness of slab = 300 mm with
Thickness of sealing coat = 40 mm
Assuming clear cover = 40 mm
Adopting = 16 mm bars as main reinforcement
Effective depth of slab = 300 - 40 -8

= 252 mm or 25.2 cm
23
Fillet = 0.15 m x 0.15
Effective span of slab = clear span + deff

= 2.300 + 0.252
= 2.552 m
Loads per metre length:
1) Self weight of slab = 0.300 x 2500 = 750 kg/m

2) Weight of sealing coat = 0.040 x 2500 = 100 kg/m
Total weight ( W) = 850 kg/m
Let the depth of water in the trough be 'h' metres
1) Sagging moment due to weight of water = (w h) l2/8

= ( 1000 h ) x 2.552 ² / 8
= 814.09 h Kgm '-------------- (1)
2) Sagging moment due to weight of slab = Wl2/8
= 850 x 2.552 ² / 8
= 691.975 Kgm '-------------- (2)
3) Water pressure on side wall for 1metre length = 1000 h2 / 2
= 500 h2 kg
This acts at h/3 + ( 0.300 / 2) + 0.04 m above the centre of bottom slab
Hogging moment due to lateral water pressure

= 500 h² {( h/3)+ ( 0.300 / 2 ) + 0.040 }
= 500 h² {( h/3)+ 0.190 } '-------------- (3)
Net Positive moment at Centre of bottom of slab (M) = (1) + (2) - (3)
M = 814.09 h + 691.975 - 500 h2 {( h/3)+ 0.190 } }

M = 814.09 h + 691.975 - 166.7 h 3
- 95 h2
Rearranging the terms
M = 166.67 h3 + 95 h2 - 814.09 h - 691.975
dM/dh = 0 for maximum moment

dM/dh = ( 3 x 166.67 h2 ) + ( 2 x 95 ) h - 814.09 = 0
= 500 h 2
+ 190 h - 814.09 =0
dividing with 500

h2 + 0.38 h - 1.628 =0
a = 1
b = 0.38
c = -1.63
24
By solving equation 'h' = 1.100 against 1.600 m depth of trough

By solving equation 'h' = 1.100 m
Maximum Sagging Moment

M = 814.09 h + 691.975 - 166.67 h3 - 95.00 h²
= 895.50 + 691.975 - 221.83 - 114.95
= 1250.69 kgm
Pull (P) for 1.10 m depth of water = 1000 x 1.100 ² / 2

= 605.000 Kg
Moment due to pull = load x ( effective depth of slab - half of depth of slab)
= 605.00 x (0.25 - 0.15 )
= 61.71 Kg m
Net Bending Moment = Maximum sagging moment - moment due to pull

= 1250.69 - 61.71
= 1188.98 Kg m
M = √Q b d2
d = sqrt ( M/Q b)
Effective depth required 'd' = √(1188.98 x 100 ) / ( 18.0 x 100 )

= 8.131 < 25 cm available
HENCE SAFE
Main reinforcement:
Ast = M / tjd
Area of steel required = (1188.98 x 100 )/ ( 1300 x 0.861 x 25.20 )
2
= 4.217 cm
Ast = pull / t
Area of steel for pull = 605.000 / 1300 = 0.465 cm2
Total area required = 4.217 + 0.465 = 4.682 cm2
Spacing :(As per 26.3.3 of IS 456 - 2000)

spacing = calculated spacing }
= 300 mm } whichever is less
= 3 x effective depth }
Provide 16 mm dia,spacing of Main Reinforcement

= 42.5 cm }
30 cm } whichever is less
75.6 cm }
spacing = 30.00 cm
25
Minimum reinforcement : As per IS3370- PartII-2009 Para 8.1.1 minimum reinforcement
Asmin = 0.240
x 100 x 30.0
100
= 7.200 sq.cm < 7.50 cm2
Spacing req for min r/f = 27 cm
HENCE SAFE
Provide 16 mm dia 27.0 cm c/c, which gives an area of 7.500 cm2

against 4.68 cm2 (A)
HENCE SAFE
Distribution Steel
Provide distribution steel as worked out above for Min area of steel required = 7.200 cm2
Spacing :(As per 26.3.3 of IS 456 - 2000)
spacing = calculated spacing }

= 300 mm } whichever is less
= 5 x effective depth }
Provide 12 mm dia, spacing of Main Reinforcement

15.0 cm }
30 cm } whichever is less
126 cm }
spacing = 15.0 cm
Provide 12 mm dia@ 15.0 cm c/c, which gives an area of (B)
2 2
7.60 cm > 7.20 cm
HENCE SAFE
Check for shear
Load = 850 x + 1600 = 2450 Kg

Shear force (V) = wl/2
= ( 2450 x 2.300 ) / 2 = 2817.5 Kg
Shear stress (t v) = V / bd
= 2817.5 / ( 100 x 25.20 ) = 1.118 Kg/cm2
% of tensile steel = 100 Ast/bd

= ( 100 x 7.500) /(100 x 25.20 )
= 0.298 %
For 0.298 % of tensile reinforcement the permissible shear stress (tc) in M30 grade concrete
100As/bd M30 For 0.298 % =
% tc = ( 0.30 - 0.25 ) x (0.31 - 0.23 )

0.230 +
26
0.230 +
0 0.00 ( 0.50 - 0.25 )
0.15 0.20
0.25 0.23 = 0.245 N/mm2
0.5 0.31
0.75 0.37
1 0.41
tc = 2.452 kg/cm2
k = factor for tc
overall depth of
>=300 275 250 225 200 175 <=150
slab(mm)
k 1 1.05 1.1 1.150 1.2 1.25 1.3
k.tc = 1.100 x 2.452

2
= 2.70 kg/cm > 1.118 kg/cm2
HENCE SAFE
Check for bond:

Sb = V/[jd∑o]
Where ∑o = Perimeter of the bar X number of bars
Dia of Main reinforcement = 1.6 cm & Spacing = 27.0 cm c/c

= p x 2 x( 100 27 )
= 18.617 cm
Sb = 2817.5 / ( 0.861 x 25 x 18.617 )
= 6.978 Kg/cm2 < 12.8 Kg/cm2
HENCE SAFE (for deformed bars)
Maximum hogging moment = 1000 h2 / 2 ( h/3 + 0.30 / 2 + 0.040 )
= 500 x 1.200 ² x (1.200/ 3 + 0.30 / 2 + 0.040 )
= 424.80 Kgm
Pull (P) for 1.600 m depth of water

= 1000 x 1.60 2
/ 2
= 1280.00 Kg
Moment due to pull = Load x (effective depth of slab-half of depth of slab)

= 1280.0 x ( 0.25 - 0.15 )
= 130.56 Kg m
Net Bending Moment = Maximum hogging moment + moment due to pull

= 424.80 + 130.56
= 555.36 Kg m
Bending moment 'M' = √ Q b d2
27
Effective depth required 'd' = sqrt ( M/Q b)

= √( 555.36 x 100 ) / ( 17.98 x 100 )
= 5.557 < 25 cm available
Main reinforcement:
Ast = M / tjd
Area of steel required = ( 555.36 x 100)/ ( 1300 x 0.861 x 25.20)
2
= 1.970 cm
Ast = pull / t
Area of steel for pull = 1280.00 1300
= 0.985 cm2
Total area of steel required = 1.970 + 0.985

2
= 2.954 cm
Provide 10 mm dia @ 25.0 cm c/c, which gives an area of ( C)

3.200 cm2 > 2.954 cm2
HENCE SAFE
28
Subject : DESIGN OF SIDE WALL
0.35
0.40
1.20
2.040 2.300
0.04
0.300
0.100
0.300
Permissible stress in steel 's st' = 1300 Kg/cm2

Permissible Direct Comp. Stress 'scc' = 80 Kg/cm2
Permissible Bending Comp. Stress 'scbc' = 100 Kg/cm2
Unit weight of R .C .C = 2500 Kg/m3

j = 1-k/3 = 0.861
Q = 0.5 k j scbc = 17.985
Total height of side wall = 0.40 + 1.200 + 0.040 + 0.300 + 0.100

= 2.04 m (or) 204 cm
The side wall is designed as a simply supported beam in between the abutment & piers with
clear span of 13 m to support the vertical load due to own weight and
The load coming from the trough slab and the water in the trough. The side wall is also checked for the water thrust
Assuming the width of beam = 35 cm

Clear span = 13.000 m
Top width of abutment = 1.000 m
Width of bearing = 0.494 m
Clear cover to beam = 50 mm
assume the dia of Main reinforcement = 25 mm
Effective depth of beam = 2040 - 50 - 13

= 1977.5 mm / 197.8 cm
Effective span = 13.000 + 0.494
= 13.494 m
29
Slenderness limits for beams to ensure lateral stability :

To ensure lateral stability, The clear distance between the lateral supports
according to para 23.3 of IS:456-2000 should not exceed.
i) 60b (or) } whichever is less
ii) 250 b2/d }
Where 'd' is the effective depth of the beam and
'b' the breadth of the compression face
The clear distance between lateral supports

clear span = 13.0 m = 1300 cm
i) 60b = 60 x 35 = 2100 cm
ii) 250 b / d
2
= 250 x 6.19 = 1549 cm
Minimum of above i and ii = 1549 cm > 1300 cm
HENCE SAFE
Check for vertical deflection:

As per para 23.2.1 of IS 456 : 2000 the vertical deflection limits may generally be assumed to be satisfied provided that
the span to depth ratio is less than 20 for Simply supported spans up to 10 m
20x 10/span for Simply supported spans greater than 10 m
Span = 1300.00
Eff. depth 197.75
= 6.57 < 20 HENCE SAFE
LOADS (per m run) :

Dead load of side wall = 2.040 x 0.350 2500 = 1785.00 Kg
Weight of trough slab = 0.300 x 2.300 /2 x 2500 = 862.50 Kg
Wt. of sealing coat = 0.040 x 2.300 /2 x 2500 = 115.00 Kg
weight of haunches = 0.100 x 0.300 /2 x 2500 = 37.50 Kg
weight of fillets = 0.150 x 0.150 /2 x 2500 = 28.13 Kg
weight of water = 1.200 x 2.300 /2 x 1000 = 1380.00 Kg
Total weight: 4208.13 Kg
Bending moment BM = wl2 / 8
= ( 4208.13 x 13.494² 8 x 100
= 9578115.206 Kgcm
Moment of Resistance = Q bd2
d(req.) = √M/Qb
= √ 9578115 / ( 17.985 x 35 )
= 123.4 cm
d = 123.35 cm < 197.8 cm HENCE SAFE
Main reinforcement:
Ast required = M / [tjd]
= √ 9578115 / ( 1300 x 0.861 x 197.8 )
2
= 43.04 cm
Assume 25 mm dia bars required

No. of bars = 43.04 / 4.909 = 8.77
Say 10 Nos.
Ast provided = 49.087 cm2 (3 bar will be bent upwards)
30
Ast provided at the = 34.361 cm2 (7 bars) (E & E')

bottom of the side wall
Check for Min. Reinforcement

(As per para 26.5.1.1. Of IS 456-2000)
As = 0.850
bd fy
Where, As = Minimum area of tension reinforcement

b = Breadth of beam = 350 mm
d = effective depth = 1977.5 mm
fy = 415 N/mm2 = 4150 kg/cm2
There fore, As = 1417.605 mm2

= 43.038 cm2 < 49.087 cm2
HENCE SAFE
Check for shear
= 4208.13 x ( 13.0 2 = 27352.8 Kg
= 27352.8 / ( 35 x 197.75 ) = 3.952 Kg/cm2
= 100 x 49.087 = 0.709 %
35 x 197.75
y
100As/b 30 For 0.709%
d tc = ( 0.71 - 0.50 ) x (0.37 - 0.31 )
0.310 +
0 0.00 ( 0.75 - 0.50 )
0.15 0.20
0.25 0.23 = 0.360 N/mm2 = 3.602 Kg/cm2
0.5 0.31 tv > tc

0.75 0.37 3.952 > 3.602
1 0.41 Provide reinforcement for unbalanced shear
Permissible shear stress (tc) with out shear reinforcement

= 3.952 Kg/cm2 < (tv) i.e. 3.602 Kg/cm2
Balance shear stress = 3.952 - 3.602
= 0.350 Kg/cm2 will take care by stirrups
Balanced shear force ( Vs) = 0.350 ( 35.0 x 197.75 )
= 2421.5 Kg
Spacing of vertical stirruips 'Sv ' = ssv x Asv x d / Vs
Sv = spacing of vertical stirrups
ssv = Permissible tensile stress in shear reinforcement = 1300 kg/cm2
Asv = Total cross sectional area of strirrups
Provide 10 mm dia 2 legged stirrups

Asv = 1.571 cm2
31
d = Effective depth = 197.75 cm

Vs = balanced shear force
Sv = 1300 x 1.571 x 197.75

2421.47
= 166.8 cm c/c or say 166 cm
(As per para 26.5.1.5. Of IS 456-2000)

The maximum spacing of vertical strirrups
= 0.75 d mm }
300 mm } whichever is less
1660 mm }
= 148.3 cm }
30.0 cm }
166.0 cm }
Provide 10 mm dia 2 legged stirrups @ 30 cm c/c (F)
= 2x( 0.786 x 100 / 30 )
= 5.237 cm2
Minimum Shear Reinforcement:
As per para 26.5.1.6 of IS 456-2000 minimum shear reinforcement in the form of stirrups shall be provide such that
Asv >= 0.4
b Sv 0.87fy
Asv = Total C.S. of stirrup legs (10 dia – 2L) = 1.572 cm2
Sv = Stirrup spacing = 30 cm
b = Breadth of beam = / ( 35 x cm
fy = 415 N/mm2 = 4150 kg/cm2
1.572 ≥ 0.4
1050 3611
0.0015 ≥ 0.0001
HENCE SAFE
Check for bond:

Sb = V/[jd∑o]
Where ∑o = Perimeter of the bar x number of bars
= p x 2.5 x 7
= 54.978 cm
Sb = 27353 / ( 0.892 x 198 x 54.978 )
2
= 2.821 Kg/cm < 12.8 Kg/cm2 (for deformed bars)
HENCE SAFE (as per cl: 26.2.1.1 of IS:456-2000)
Side face reinforcement:
As per para 26.5.1.3 of IS 456-2000 side face reinforcement is to be provided along the two faces when the depth of web
in a beam exceeds 750mm. The total area of such reinforcement shall not be less than 0.10% of cross sectional area
and shall be distributed
32
Ast = ( 0.1 x 35 x 204 ) 100

2
= 7.14 cm
Ast (on each face) = 3.57 cm2
spacing of side reinforcement bars = Depth x Area of 1 bar / area of Reinforcement required
Provide 10 mm dia bars = 197.75 x 0.7855
3.57
= 43.51 cm c/c
Spacing of side reinforcement bars shall be min of = 300 mm }
350 mm (webthk) } whichever is less
435.1 mm }
Therefore spacing shall be = 300.0 mm
= 30 cm
Provide 10 mm dia bars 9 Nos. (G)
each face which gives an area of = 7.07 cm2 > 3.570 cm2
HENCE SAFE
Design of side wall for water thrust:

Moment at top of the floor due to water thrust = Wh2/2 x h/3
= wh /6
3
= 1000 x 1.60 ³ / 6
= 682.667 Kg.m
d(req.) = √M/Qb
Effective depth required = √( 683 x 100 ) / ( 17.98 x 100 )
= 6.161 cm
assume the dia of Main reinforcement = 10 mm for the side wall for water thrust
clear cover = 50 mm
width of side wall = 350 mm
Effective Depth availble = 350 - 50 - 5
= 295 mm
= 29.5 cm > 6.2 cm
HENCE SAFE
Ast required = 683 x 100
( 1300 x 0.861 x 29.5 )
2
= 2.068 cm
Min. reinforcement as per para 26.5.2.1 of IS 456-2000
= 0.12 x 100 x 35 = 4.2 cm2
100
Area of reinforcement on water face = Half of the area of stirrups + area of top reinforcement from
trough slab carried into side wall
= 2.62 + 3.200
= 5.82 cm2 > 4.20 cm2
HENCE SAFE
Distribution available
(Side face reinforcement) = 7.07 cm2 > 4.2 cm2
HENCE SAFE (Min. steel required)
33
Check for wind force :
Calculation of wind pressure by Gust Factor Method (As per IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, cl.8.2.1)
Basic wind speed (Vb) = 44.00 m/sec (IRC 6 -2010, Fig. No.6)
The variation of hourly mean wind speed (Vz) = Vb * k1 * k2 * k3
where
Risk co-efficient factor (k1) = 1.05 (IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, Table No.1)
Different heights & terrain factor (k2) = 0.78 (IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, Table no.33)
Topography factor (k3) = 1.0286 (IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, cl.5.3.3)
Design wind pressure (Pz) = 0.6 * Vz2
S.No. Height Vb k1 k2 k3 Vz Pz
(m) (m/sec) (m/sec) (N/m2)
1 10.00 44.00 1.05 0.78 1.0286 37.07 824.36
2 15.00 44.00 1.05 0.82 1.0286 38.97 911.08
3 20.00 44.00 1.05 0.85 1.0286 40.39 978.96
4 30.00 44.00 1.05 0.88 1.0286 41.82 1049.29
5 50.00 44.00 1.05 0.93 1.0286 44.19 1171.91
6 100.00 44.00 1.05 0.99 1.0286 47.05 1328.00
Height of trough 2.04 m, H= 2.040 m

Pz = 82.436 kg/m2
Horizontal pressure = 82.436 Kg/m2

The height of trough = 2.040 m
Bending moment = 171.533 Kgm
Ast required = 171.533 x 100

( 1300 x 0.861 x 29.5 )
= 0.520 cm2
Area available in the form of stirrups = 2.62 cm2 > 0.520 cm2
HENCE O.K.
34
Subject : DESIGN OF TROUGH MIDDLE WALL
0.35
1.20
2.300 2.300
0.04
0.30
0.100
0.300
Permissible stress in steel 'sst' = 1300 Kg/cm2
Permissible Direct Comp. Stress 'scc' = 80 Kg/cm2
Permissible Bending Comp. Stress 'scbc' = 100 Kg/cm2
Unit weight of R .C .C = 2500 Kg/m2

j = 1-k/3 = 0.861
Q = 0.5 k j scbc = 17.985
Height of Intermediate wall = 1.200 + 0.040

= 1.240 m
The central beam is designed as a T-beam spanning in between the abutment & pier.
Clear span = 13.00 m
Top width of abutment = 1.00 m
Effective span = 13.000 + 0.494 = 13.494 m
width of middle beam = 350 mm (or) 0.35 m
overall depth = 1.200 + 0.040 + 0.300 + 0.100

= 1.64 m (or) 164 cm
Dia meter of bar = 32 mm
Clear cover = 40 mm
38
Eff depth available = 164 - 4 - 1.60 = 158.4 cm
Weight of middle beam = 0.350 x 1.640 x 2500 = 1435.00 Kg

Weight of trough slab = 0.300 x 2.300 x 2500 = 1725.00 Kg
Wt. of sealing coat = 0.040 x 2.300 x 2500 = 230.00 Kg
weight of haunches = 3.0 x 0.011 x 2500 = 84.38 Kg
weight of fillets = 3.0 x 0.011 x 2500 = 84.38 Kg
weight of water = 1.200 x x 2.300 x 1000 = 2760.00 Kg
Total weight: 6318.75 Kg
Bending moment BM = wl2 / 8

= 6318.75 x ( 13.494² x 100 ) / 8
= 14382109.72 Kgcm
Moment of Resistance = Q bd2

d(req.) = √M/Qb
= √ 14382110 / ( 17.985 x 35 )
= 151.16 cm
d(req.) = 151.16 cm < 158.400 cm
HENCE SAFE
Main reinforcement:
= 14382109.72 / ( 1300 x 0.861 x 158.4 )
= 81.15 cm2
No. of 32 mm dia bars required
= 81.15 / 8.042 = 10.09
Say 12 Nos. J
2
Ast provided = 96.500 cm (3 bar will be bent upwards)
2
Ast provided at the = 72.382 cm (9 bars)
bottom of the wall
Width of flange:
Width of flange will be least of the following:
i) Spacing of beams = 2.300 m (or) 2300 mm
ii) bf = l/6+br+6ds = 13494 + 350 + 6 x 300

6
= 4399.000 mm
Width of flange 'bf' = 4399 mm
39
Assuming that neutral axis is situated outside the flange, taking moments about neutral axis
B ds (n - ds/2) = m Ast (d - n)
439.9 x 30 ( n - 30 / 2 ) = 9.333 x 96.500 158.400 - n )
13197 n - 197955 = 900.67 158.400 - n )
13197 n - 197955 = 142665.60 - 900.667 n
14097.67 n = 340620.6
n = 340620.6 14097.6667
= 24.16 cm
Thickness of flange = 30 cm
Neutral axis lies with in the flange.
Lever arm (a) = d - n/3

= 158.4 - ( 24.16 / 3 )
= 150 cm
Actual stress in steel = 14382109.72 / ( 96.5 x 0.861 x 150.0 )
= 1154.39 Kg/cm2 < 1300 Kg/cm2
HENCE SAFE
compressive stress in concrete
= 1154.39 24.16
x
9.33 150 24.160 )
= 23.746 Kg/cm 2
< 80 Kg/cm2
HENCE SAFE
Check for shear
= 6318.75 x ( 13.0 2 = 41071.9 Kg
= 41071.9 / ( 35 x 158.40 ) = 7.408 Kg/cm2
tc = 100 x 72.382 = 1.306 %
35 x 158.40
for M25 For 1.306%
100Ast bd tc = ( 1.31 - 1.00 ) x (0.00 - 0.41 )
0.410 +
0 0.00 ( 0.00 - 1.00 )
0.15 0.20
0.25 0.23 = 0.535 N/mm2 = 5.353 Kg/cm2
0.5 0.31 tv > tc
0.75 0.37 7.408 > 5.353
1 0.41 Provide reinforcement for unbalanced shear
40
Permissible shear stress (tc) with out shear reinforcement

= 5.353 Kg/cm2 < (tv) i.e. 7.408 Kg/cm2
Balance shear stress = 7.408 - 5.353
= 2.055 Kg/cm will take care by stirrups
2
Balanced shear force ( Vs) = 2.055 ( 35.0 x 158.40 )

= 11395.1 Kg
Spacing of vertical stirruips 'Sv ' = ssv x Asv x d / Vs
Sv = spacing of vertical stirrups

ssv = Permissible tensile stress in shear reinforcement
= 1300 kg/cm2
Asv = Total cross sectional area of strirrups
Provide 10 mm dia 2 legged stirrups

Asv = 1.571 cm2
d = Effective depth = 158.40 cm
Vs = balanced shear force
Sv = 1300 x 1.571 x 158.400

11395.13
= 28.4 cm c/c
(As per para 26.5.1.5. Of IS 456-2000)

= 0.75 d mm }
300 mm } whichever is less
284.00 mm }
= 118.8 cm }
30.0 cm }
28.0 cm }
Provide 10 mm dia 2 legged stirrups @ 28 cm c/c
27.5 cm c/c K
= 2x( 0.786 x 100 / 28 )
2
= 5.713 cm
Minimum Shear Reinforcement:
As per para 26.5.1.6 of IS 456-2000 minimum shear reinforcement in the form of stirrups shall be provide such that
Asv >= 0.4
b Sv 0.87fy
41
Asv = Total C.S. of stirrup legs = 1.571 cm2

Sv = Stirrup spacing = 27.5 cm
b = Breadth of beam = / ( 35 x cm
2
fy = 415 N/mm = 4150 kg/cm2
1.571 ≥ 0.4
962.5 3611
0.0016 ≥ 0.0001 HENCE SAFE
Check for bond:
Sb = V/[jd∑o]
Where ∑o = Perimeter of the bar x number of bars
= p x 3.2 x 9
= 90.478 cm
Sb = 41072 / ( 0.892 x 158 x 90.478 )
2
= 3.213 Kg/cm < 12.8 Kg/cm2
(as per cl: 26.2.1.1 of IS:456-2000) (for deformed bars)
HENCE SAFE
Side face reinforcement:
As per para 26.5.1.3 of IS 456-2000 side face reinforcement is to be provided along the two faces when the
depth of web in a beam exceeds 750mm. The total area of such reinforcement shall not be less than 0.10% of
cross sectional area and shall be distributed
Ast = ( 0.1 x 35 x 158 ) 100
2
= 5.544 cm
Ast (on each face) = 2.772 cm2
spacing of side reinforcement bars = Depth x Area of 1 bar / area of Reinforcement required
Provide 10 mm dia bars = 158.40 x 0.7855
2.772
= 44.89 cm c/c
Spacing of side reinforcement bars shall be min of
= 300 mm }
350 mm (webthk) } whichever is less
448.9 mm }
Therefore spacing shall be = 300.0 mm
= 30 cm
Provide 10 mm dia bars 7 Nos. on each face L
each face which gives an area of
= 5.50 cm2 > 2.772 cm2 HENCE SAFE
Design ofwater thrust:
The water thrust on both sides get neglected.
However, Ast provided in the form of 10 mm dia 2 legged stirrups as shear reinforcement
is sufficient.
42
Subject : DESIGN OF CANAL ABUTMENT
83.470
W5 (Section 6-6)
1.60
W2 W1 +81.870
0.440
0.494 +81.130 +81.430
0.494 m
W6
P1 W3 0.35 0.35
0.40
-0.430
1.200
P2 W4 2.040
0.04
0.30 0.440
0.300
0.4 1.000 0.600 +82.300 2.300
W7
0.600
+81.700
B 1.600
2.400
Width of bearing = 0.494 m

Unit weight of water = 1.000 t/m3
unit weight of soil = 2.00 t/m3
unit weight of PCC = 2.50 t/m3
No. of bays = 3
Load from Trough W1
From side walls = 0.35 x 2.040 x 13.988 x 2.500 x 2 = 49.937 t

From Middle wall = 0.35 x 1.640 x 13.988 x 2.500 x 2 = 40.146 t
Trough slab = 2.30 x 0.30 x 13.988 x 2.500 x 3 = 72.388 t
Sealing coat = 2.30 x 0.04 x 13.988 x 2.500 x 3 = 9.652 t
Haunches (2 nos) = 0.300 x 0.100 x 13.988 x 2.500 x 6 = 6.295 t
Fillets (2nos) = 0.150 x 0.15 x 13.988 x 2.500 x 6 = 4.721 t
Weight of water = 2.30 x 1.20 x 13.988 x 1.000 x 3 = 115.821 t
Total Load = 298.959 t
Load shared on abutment = 149.479 t

Length of abutment = 3 x 2.300 + 2 x 0.350 + 2 x 0.35
= 8.30 m
load / m run W1 = 149.479 / 8.300 = 18.010 t/m
Total Moments about 'A' at the base level

Load (t) Moment
Load Description L.A
(t-m)
44
Moment
Hor. Ver. (t-m)
W1 As calculated above 18.010 0.753 13.561

W2 0.506 x 0.300 x 2.500 0.379 0.247 0.094
0.494 x 0.665 x 2.500 0.821 0.741 0.609
W3 1.000 x -1.170 x 2.500 -2.925 0.500 -1.463
W4 0.500 x 0.600 x -1.170 x 2.500 -0.878 1.200 -1.053
W5 0.494 x 1.600 x 1.000 0.790 0.247 0.195
Pv 0.0395 x -0.430^2 x 2.000 0.015 ----
Ph 0.1580 x -0.430^2 x 2.000 0.058 -0.172 -0.010
P1 0.500 x 1.600 x -0.430 x 1.000 -0.344 -0.215 0.074
P2 0.250 x -0.430 x -0.430 x 1.000 0.046 -0.143 -0.007
∑V = 16.213 t ∑M = 12.001
lever arm = 12.001 = 0.740 m
16.213
e = 0.740 - 0.800 = -0.060 m
Allowable e = 0.267 > -0.060 HENCE OK
Stress in concrete = 16.213 1 + 6 -0.060 )
1.60 1.600
= 10.133 1 + -0.224 )
Max = 7.860 t/m2
Min = 12.406 t/m2
Total Moments about 'B' at the foundation level

Load (t) Moment
Hor. Ver. (t-m)
W1 As calculated above 18.010 1.153 20.765
W2 0.506 x 0.300 x 2.500 0.379 0.647 0.246
0.494 x 0.665 x 2.500 0.821 1.141 0.937
W3 1.000 x -1.170 x 2.500 -2.925 0.900 -2.633
W4 0.500 x 0.600 x -1.170 x 2.500 -0.878 1.600 -1.404
W5 0.494 x 1.600 x 1.000 0.7904 0.647 0.511
W6 0.400 x -0.430 x 2.000 -0.344 0.200 -0.069
0.400 x 1.600 x 1.000 0.640 0.200 0.128
W7 2.400 x 0.600 x 2.500 3.600 1.200 4.320
Pv 0.0395 x 0.170^2 x 2.000 0.002 ----
Ph 0.1580 x 0.170^2 x 2.000 0.009 0.068 0.001
P1 0.500 x 1.600 x 0.170 x 1.000 0.136 0.085 0.012
P2 0.250 x 0.170 x 0.170 x 1.000 0.007 0.057 0.000
∑V = 20.097 t ∑M = 22.814
lever arm = 22.814 = 1.135 m

20.097
e = 1.135 - 1.200 = -0.065 m
45
Allowable e = 0.400 > -0.065 HENCE OK
Stress in concrete = 20.097 ( 1 + 6 -0.065 )

2.40 2.400
= 8.374 ( 1 + -0.162 )
Max = 7.018 t/m2

Min = 9.729 t/m2
Design of Bed Blocks under Trough Abutments:
Total Load on bed Block = 18.010 t

Providing a bed block of = 0.506 x 8.300 x 0.30 size
Weight of bed block = 0.506 x 8.300 x 0.300 x 2.5
= 3.150 t
Total load on the abutment under the bed block

= 18.010 + 3.150 = 21.159 t
Intensity of pressure under the bed block 0.494

= 21.16
0.506 x 8.3 12Φ 275 C/c
= 5.038 t/m2 0.740 0.506 8 nos. of 12 mm dia
= 0.504 Kg /cm 2
2L-12Φ @ 225 c/c

0.3
(As per IS 456:2000
1.00
Adopting the bed blocks in RCC M 20

Providing 1% of G.S.A. = 1 x 30 x 50.6
100
= 15.18 Sq. cm
No.of 12 mm Φ bars 15 No.s
Provide 8 bars at top and 8 bars at bottom
Total area provided = 18.10 Sq. cm HENCE OK
Area of 2L Stirrups = 7.59 cm² Volume of steel/rm= 759 cm3

Length of each stirrup 161.2 cm
Adopting 12 mm dia 2L stirrups 182.220 cm3

No. of Stirrups/rm = 4.17 Spacing = 24.01 cm
However Provide 12 mm dia bars 225 c/c,
2.Design of the DirtWall :

Height of the dirt wall 'H” = 0.740 m
Earth pressure at the bottom of the dirt wall Epre = 0.333 x H x ø
= 0.333 x 0.740 x 20
= 4.928 KN/m2
46
Neglecting the vertical component of the load to be on conservative side

Horizontal load on the wall/m length of the wall = 0.5 x Epre x H
= 0.500 x 4.928 x 0.740
= 1.824 KN/m
Moment at the bottom of the dirt wall
= 1.824 x 0.494 x 0.740 = 0.667 KN m/m
Surcharge pressure on the wall Spre = 0.333 x 1.2 x ø
= 0.333 x 1.200 x 20
= 7.992 KN/m2
Surcharge load on the dirt wall Sload = Spre x H
= 7.992 x 0.740
5.914 KN/m
Moment at the bottom of the dirt wall M = 0.5 x Sload x H
= 0.500 x 5.914 x 0.740
2.188 KN m/m
Total design moment at the bottom of the dirt wall = 2.188 + 0.667
= 2.855 KN m/m
For M 30 grade concrete and fe415 steel (As Per IRC 6: 2014)
Modular ratio = 9.33 k = 0.318
σcbc = 10 N/mm 2
j = 0.894
σst = 200 N/mm 2
Q = 1.422
Depth required = Sqrt(BM/Qb)

= 2.855 X 10^6 = 63.75 mm
1.422 x 494
Depth provided = 740 - 50 -6
= 684 mm > 63.75 mm
Hence the provided section is adequate
Area of steel required = BM/σst x j x d

= 2.855 x 10^6
200 x 0.894 x 64
= 250.490 Sq.mm
Minimum area of steel (0.12%) = 0.12 x 684 x 494

100
= 405.4752 Sq.mm
Provide 12 mm Φ bars @ 275 c/c

Ast Provided = 411.06 mm² HENCE OK
Distribution steel = 0.3 x Ast

= 121.643 sqmm
ie Provide 10 Φ bars @ 300 c/c

Required Ast = 261.667 mm² HENCE OK
47
Hence provide TOR 12 @ 275 mm c/c 411.3 mm2/m

Dist. reinforcement TOR 10 @ 300 mm c/c 261.8 mm2/m
48
Subject : DESIGN OF CANAL PIER
Sill level + 81.870

0.040 (Section 7-7)
0.300 TROUGH SLAB SCL + 81.830
0.100 BOT + 81.430
0.3 BED BLOCK 1.000 BB + 81.130
1.000
FSL + 69.005
18.130 PIER
CBL + 64.855
1.9
0.50 0.50
0.5 1.000 FTL + 63.000
FBL + 62.500
2.000
10.3 8.3 1.000

9.3
1.000
2.000
Dead load due to Super structure = 298.959 t
Moment due to wind force:
Exposed height of Trough = 0.340 m

Wall = 1.600 m
Height from the bottom of the deck to Centre of railing = 0.97 m
1.
(a) The wind force on the bridge superstructure will be computed (as per clause 209.2 of IRC:6 – 2010)
Height of wall = 1.600 m
Height on which wind force acts = 0.340 + 1.600 = 1.94m
Exposed height of pier over FSL = + 81.430 - 69.005 = 12.43m
Avg height at centre of deck = 12.425 + 0.340 + 1.600 / 2 = 13.57m
49
Exposed height of pier above CBL = + 81.430 - 64.855 = 16.58m

Avg height at centre of deck = 16.58 + 0.340 + 1.600 / 2 = 17.72m
As per Table- 5 of wind pressures in clause 209.2 of IRC:6-2014,

For wind speed of 33 m/sec
"H" in m VZ in m/s "pz" in N/sqm
10 27.80 463.700
15 29.20 512.500
20 30.30 550.600
30 31.40 590.200
project location = Mahbubnagar, Telangana, India

basic wind speed, Vb = 44 m/sec( Fig.6 of IRC:6-2014)
PZ
for 13.565 m = 82.436 kg/sqm
for 17.715 m = 82.436 kg/sqm
Area of superstructure acted upon by wind pressure(on each span)

= 0.340 +(1.600 / 2 ) x 13.988
= 15.946 m2
The Transverse wind force is given by FT = PZ x At x CD x G

CD Value from Table 6 IRC:6-2014 = 1.1
G = 2 (for spans upto 150m )
For Canal Full Condition
Total Wind Force on deck slab FT = 2.892 t
This force acts at the centre of Area of pressure from lvl = + 63.000
Therefore Lever arm from bottom of pier ie at level = + 63.000
= 18.430 + ( 0.34 + 0.800 )/2
= 19.000 m
Moment due to Wind Force at + 63.000 = 2.892 x 19.0
= 54.948 t-m
Therefore Lever arm from bottom of foundation ie at level + 62.500
= 18.930 + ( 0.34 + 0.80 )/2
= 19.500
= 56.394 t-m
For Canal Empty Condition

Total Wind Force on deck slab FT = 2.892
Therefore Lever arm from bottom level of pier ie at level + 63.000
= 18.430 + ( 0.34 + 0.800 )/2
= 19.000 m
50
Moment due to Wind Force at +63.000 = 2.892 x 19.000

= 54.948 t-m
Therefore Lever arm from bottom level of foundation i.e., at level +62.500
= 18.930 + ( 0.34 + 0.800 )/2
= 19.500 m
Moment due to wind force at + 62.500 = 2.892 x 19.500

= 56.394 t-m
(b) Wind force in longitudinal direction is taken as 25 to 50 % of wind force in transverse direction
(as per clause 209.3.4 of IRC:6-2014)
Moment due to water currents:
(a) In canal flow direction:
(As per clause 210.2 of IRC:6-2014 ) Force due to water currents in the direction of canal flow is given by:
p = 52 k V²
V = 1.414 v
v = Velocity of flow in canal
= Q / A
= 163.032 / 181.459
= 0.898 m/s
V = 1.414 X v
= 1.414 x 0.898
= 1.270 m/s
p = 52 x 0.660 x 1.270²
= 55.391 kg/sqm
Pressure due to water currents at FSL = 55.391 kg/sqm
Pressure due to water currents at CBL = 0.00 kg/sqm
Area of pier profile immersed in water = 0.785 x 4.150

= 3.259 m²
Total Pressure due to water currents = (55.391 + + 0.00 )/2x 1/1000 x 3.259
= 0.090 t
Water pressure is acting at 2h/3 from CBL = 2/3 x 4.150

= 2.767 m
Depth of pier from CBL to the foundation top = 1.855 m
Moment at + 63.000 = 0.090 ( 2.767 + 1.855 )

= 0.417 t-m
Moment at + 62.500 = 0.090 ( 2.767 + 1.9 + 0.5 )
= 0.462 t-m
51
(b) In road way direction:

(As per clause 210.4 (b) of IRC:6-2014) Force due to water currents in the direction of road way is given by:
p = 52 k V²
V = 1.414 v cosƟ
= Q / A
= 163.032 / 181.459
= 0.898 m/s
Assume that the water is striking the pier at an angle of Ɵ= 20o
V = 1.414 x v x cos20o
= 1.414 x 0.898 x 0.940
= 1.194 m/s
p = 52 x 0.660 x 1.194²
= 48.911 kg/sqm
Pressure due to water currents at FSL = 48.911 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at CBL = 0.000 kg/sqm

= 38.595 m²
Total Pressure due to water currents = (48.911 + 0.0 )/2x 1/1000 x 38.595
= 0.944 t
Water pressure is acting at 2h/3 from CBL = 2/3 x 4.150

= 2.767 m
Depth of pier from CBL to the foundation top = 1.855 m
Moment at + 63.000 = 0.944 ( 2.767 + 1.9 )

= 4.362 t-m
Moment at + 62.500 = 0.944 ( 2.767 + 1.9 + 0.5 )
= 4.834 t-m
Total moments in road way direction:

Canal Full Condition
A) at + 63.000 ( on concrete)
water currents = 4.362 = 4.362 t-m
B) at + 62.500 ( on soil)
water currents = 4.834 = 4.834 t-m
Total moments in canal flow direction:
Canal Full Condition
wind force + water currents = 54.948 + 0.417 = 55.366 t-m
52
B) at + 62.500 ( on soil)
wind force + water currents = 56.394 + 0.462 = 56.857 t-m
Canal empty condition

wind force = + 54.948 = 54.948 t-m
B) at + 62.500 ( on soil)
wind force = + 56.394 = 56.394 t-m
Self weight of pier:
Wt of bed block = 1.00 x 0.30 x 8.30 x 2.5 = 6.225 t
Weight of CC pier from + 81.130 to + 63.00

= ( 1.000 + x 18.13 x 8.300 x 2.500 = 376.198 t
Cut & ease waters between + 81.130 & + 63.000
' 2
= p/4( 1.000 + x 18.13 x 2.50 = 17.799 t
Weight of displaced water due to pier (with 100% buoyancy)

= ( 2.617 + 1.000 ) / 2 x 6.51 x 8.30 x 1.00 = 97.635 t
Weight of displaced water due to cut and ease water(with 100% buoyancy)
' 2
= p/4( 2.617 x 6.51 x 1.00 = 17.491 t
Canal full condition

Self weight of pier(with 100% bouyancy)
= 376.20 + 17.799 + 6.225 -(97.63 + 17.491 ) = 285.096 t
Canal empty condition
Self weight of pier = 376.198 + 17.799 + 6.225 = 400.222 t
Total direct loads at + 63.000

Canal full condition = 285.096 + 298.959 = 584.055 t
Canal empty condition = 400.222 + 298.959 = 699.180 t

Weight of foundation = 2.000 x 10.300 x 0.500 x 2.5 = 25.750 t
Weight of foundation (considering 100% buoyancy)

= 25.750 x 2.5 x 1.4 = 14.420 t
Canal full condition = 584.055 + 14.420 = 598.475 t
Canal empty condition = 699.180 + 25.750 = 724.930 t
53
Sectional properties:
At the base of the pier i.e. at + 63.000

Area (a) = 8.300 x 1.000 + p/4 x ( 1.000 ²) = 9.085 Sqm
Equivalent length of pier
= 8.300 + p/4 x ( 1.000 ²) / 1.00 ) = 9.0854 m
Section modulus:
Zxx = 9.085 x 1.000 2
/ 6 = 1.514 m3
Zyy = 1.000 x 9.085 2
/ 6 = 13.757 m3
At the base of the foundation i.e. at + 62.500
Area (a) = 2.000 x 10.300 = 20.600 Sqm
Section modulus:
Zxx = 10.300 x 2.000 2
/ 6 = 6.867 m3
Zyy = 2.000 x 10.300 2
/ 6 = 35.363 m3
CANAL FULL CONDITION
STRESSES IN FOUNDATION CONCRETE ie AT + 63.000 :

CASE (I) = 584.055 + 4.362 + 55.366
9.085 1.514 13.757
= 64.285 + 2.881 + 4.024
= 71.190 t/sqm (Max) Compressive stress

= 57.380 t/sqm (Min) Compressive stress
STRESSES ON SOIL ie AT + 62.500 :

CASE (I) = 598.475 + 4.834 + 56.857
20.600 6.867 35.363
= 29.052 + 0.704 + 1.608

ABSTRACT OF STRESSES
Max. Min.
Details Stress Stress Type Of Stress
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Stress in Concrete: 71.190 57.380 Compressive stress
Stress on Soil: 31.364 26.740 compressive stress
54
CANAL EMPTY CONDITION
CASE (I) 699.180 56.394

= ------------ + ---------
9.085 13.757
= 76.956 + 4.099

STRESSES ON SOIL ie AT 62.500 :
CASE (I) 724.930 56.394

= ------------ + ---------
20.600 35.363
= 35.191 + 1.595

Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Stress in Concrete: 85.155 57.380 Compressive stress
Stress on Soil: 36.785 26.740 compressive stress
55
Subject : DESIGN OF DECK SLAB (5M CLEAR SPAN)
The Single lane road bridge is to be designed for IRC Class 'A' Loading (Clause 204.1.3 , IRC 6-2014)
Clear Span = 3.300 m
Clear width of Carriage way = 4.250 m
Width of Kerbs = 0.225 m
Width of Parapet = 0.200 m
Overall width of deck slab = 5.100 m
Width of Bearing = 490 mm
Mix Proposed = M 25
Allowable stresses : MR = Qbd2
C = 85 Kg/cm2
m = 10.98
n = 0.318
Q = 12.088
t = 2000 Kg/cm2
j = 0.894
Dead Loads
Assume the thickness of deck slab = 600 mm
Clear cover = 40 mm
Thickness of wearing coat = 75 mm
Main reinforcement = 20 mm dia Hysd bars
Effective depth = 600 - 40.00 - 20
2
= 550 mm
Effective Span (L)

(I) C/C of Supports = 3.300 + 0.49
= 3.79 m
(ii) Clear span + Effective depth = 3.300 + 0.55
= 3.850 m
Adopt effective span as least of above two = 3.790 m
Carriage way = 4.250 m

Width of Deck slab = 5.100 m
Impact factor = 4.500
( As per Cl 211.1 of IRC 6 -2014) 6.000 + L
= 4.500
Impact factor 6.000 + 3.790
= 0.460
BENDING MOMENT DUE TO DEAD LOAD

Weight of slab + Wearing coat = 0.600 + 0.075 x 2.5
= 1.688 t
Bending Moment due to Dead load = w l2
8
102
Bending Moment due to Dead load = 1.688 x ( 3.79 ) 2
8
= 3.03 t-m
or 302993 kgcm
BENDING MOMENT DUE TO LIVE LOAD

Live load B.M as per I.R.C.21-2000 : clause 305.16.2 of section III
Effective dispersion width (bef) =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
Where
bef = The effective width of slab on which the load acts
 = A Constant having the following values depending upon the ratio of b/lo
a = The distance of the centre of gravity of the concentrated load
from the nearer support
l0 = The effective span
b1 = The breadth of concentration area of the load . I.e., The dimension of the
tyre or track contact area over the road surface of the slab in a direction
at right angles to the span plus twice the thickness of wearing coat or
surface finish above the structural slab
b/lo = width of slab
effective span
5.100 = 1.346
3.790
1.300 ---- 2.720
1.400 ---- 2.800  for 1.346 = 2.720 + 0.037
0.100 ---- 0.080  = 2.757
For maximum B.M the wheel loads 11.4 t should be kept such that the resultant of the
loads and one of the loads are equidistant from the centre of the span.
The position of loads are as shown in the sketch
C/L Mid Span

0.0 11.4 11.4
1.20
0.300 0.995
1.595 0.900
A D E Resultant of Loads F B
1.895 1.895
3.790
Centre of Gravity of Loads "D" = ( 11.400 x 1.20 ) 11.40x 0.00)

11.40 + 11.40
= 13.68
22.800
= 0.600 m
103
C.G of loads = 0.600 m

The distance between C.G of loads = 0.600 - 1.20
and 11.4 T load = 0.600 m
The distance between centre of span = 0.600 /2
and 11.4 T load = 0.300 m
DISPERSION UNDER 'D' (11.4 t)
bef = α a (1 - a/lo) + b1
α = 2.757
a = 1.595
lo = 3.790 m
b1 = 500 + 2 x 75
= 650 mm or 0.65 m
bef = 2.757 x 1.595 ( 1 - 1.595 / 3.79 ) + 0.65

= 3.197 m > 1.800 m
Hence ,Dispersion width over laps
= 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.25 + 1.8 + 3.197

2
= 2.425 + 1.599
= 4.024 m
Intensity of load = 11.4 x 1.46

4.024
= 4.136 t
DESPERSION UNDER ' E ' (11.4 t)

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.757
a = 0.995
lo = 3.790 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.650 m
bef = ( 2.757 x 0.995) 1- 0.995 + 0.65
3.790
= 2.743 x (1- 0.263) + 0.65
Effective dispersion width ( bef ) = 2.673 > 1.800 m
Hence ,The Dispersion width overlaps
Therefore combined width of dispersion = 0.225 + 0.150 + 0.25 + 1.800 + 2.673

2
= 2.425 + 1.337
= 3.762 m
104

2.0 x 3.762
= 4.425 t
For the maximum bending moment the position of load system is as shown below:
0.000 4.136 4.425

1.2
0.000 1.595 0.300 0.900 0.995
A D E B
1.895 1.895
3.790
Taking moments about B

RA x 3.790 = ( 4.425 x 0.995 ) +( 4.136 x 2.195 ) +( 0.000 x 3.790 )
RA = 4.40 + 9.08 + 0.00
3.790
RA = 3.557 t
RB = 5.004 t
Maximum live load bending moment Under load "D" = ( 3.557 x 1.595 ) ( 0.000 x 1.595 )
= 5.673 tm
= 567349.011 Kg-cm
Maximum live load bending moment Under load "E" = ( 5.004 x 0.995 )
= 4.979 tm
= 497874.661 Kg-cm
Total B.M = Live Load BM + Dead Load BM

= 567349 + 302993
= 870342 Kgcm
Effective depth required = sqrt 870342

100.0 x 12.088
= 26.83 < 55.0 cm
HENCE OK
MAIN REINFORCEMENT
Area of Steel (Ast) = MR
tjd
= 870342
2000.0 x 0.9 x 55.000
(Ast) required = 8.85 cm2
Provide 20 mm dia bars @ 10.0 cm c/c which gives an area of
105
(Ast) Provided = 31.42 cm2 HENCE OK

∑O = 62.83 cm
Every third bar is bent upwards, ie., ½ bars are carried on support
Ast on support at bottom = 1/2 * Ast = 15.708 cm2

∑O = 31.42 cm
Ast on support at top = ½ * Ast = 15.708 cm2

∑O = 31.42 cm
DISTRIBUTION STEEL
As per clause 305.18.1 of IRC 21 : 2000 section III
BM Considered for distribution steel = 0.300 x LLBM + 0.2 x DLBM

= ( 0.3 x 567349 ) + ( 0.2 x 302993 )
= 230803.25 Kgcm
Area of steel = 230803

2000.0 x 0.9 x 55.000
= 2.347 2
cm
Minimum area of steel required = 0.12 x 100 x 60.00

100
= 7.200 cm2
Provide Minimum area of steel = 7.200 cm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR

Maximum shear due to dead load = WL
2
= 1687.5 x 3.3
2
Maximum shear due to dead load = 2784.4 Kgs
Maximum shear due to live load as per clause 305.12.2 of I.R.C 21 -2000 Section III
Longitudinal dispersion = 0.250 + ( 2.0 x ( 0.60+ 0.075))
= 1.600
Therefore load of 11.4 tons may be kept @ 1.600 / 2

= 0.800 from support for maximum shear
106
11.4 t 11.4 t 0.0 t
0.800 1.200 1.790 0.000

A D E B
3.790
DISPERSION UNDER ' C ' (11.4 t)

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.757
a = 0.800
lo = 3.790 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.65 m
bef = ( 2.757 x 0.80 ) 1- 0.800 + 0.65
3.790

2
= 2.425 + 1.195
= 3.620 m

3.620
= 4.598 t
DISPERSION UNDER ' D ' (11.4 t)

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.757
a = 2.000
lo = 3.790 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.65 m
bef = ( 2.757 x 2.0 ) 1- 2.000 + 0.65
3.790
= 3.254 m > 1.800 m

2
= 2.425 + 1.627
= 4.052 m
107

4.052
= 4.107 t
4.598 t 4.107 t
0.800 1.200 1.790

A D E B
3.790

RA x 3.790 = ( 4.598 x 2.990 ) +( 4.107 x 1.790 ) +( 0.000 x 0.000 )
RA = 13.75 + 7.35 + 0.00
3.790
RA = 5.567 t
RB = 3.138 t
Total Shear = Shear due to Dead Load + Live Load

= 2784.4 + 5567
= 8351.6 Kgs
Shear stress = 8351.6

100 x 55.000
= 1.518 2
Kg/cm
The permissible shear stress in concrete without shear reinforcement from table '12B' of 1RC-21-2000
100 As = 100 x 15.708

bd 100 x 55.000
= 0.286 %
0.250 ---- 0.230

0.500 ---- 0.310 0.286 ?
= 0.230+ 0.080 x 0.036

0.250
= 0.2414 N/mm2
or 2.414 Kg/cm2 > 1.518 Kg/cm2
HENCE OK
108
CHECK FOR BOND
Max shear = 8351.6 Kgs
Bond stress = 8351.6

0.894 x 55.000 x 31.416
= 5.407 Kg/m2 < 18.200 Kg/m2
HENCE OK
109
Clear Span = 3.300 m
Mix Proposed = M 25
C = 85 Kg/cm2
m = 10.98
n = 0.318
Q = 12.088
t = 2000 Kg/cm2
j = 0.89
Dead Loads
Assume the thickness of deck slab = 520 mm
Clear cover = 40 mm
2
= 470 mm
Effective Span (L)
(I) C/C of Supports = 3.300 + 0.49
= 3.79 m
= 3.770 m

( As per Cl 211.1 of IRC 6 -2014) 6.000 + L
= 4.500
= 0.461


= 1.488 t

8
Bending Moment due to Dead load = 1.488 x 3.77 2
8
= 2.64 t-m
or 264271 kgcm

Where

at right angles to the span plus twice the thickness of wearing coat or
surface finish above the structural slab
 = b/lo = width of slab

effective span
 = 5.100
3.770
= 1.353
1.300 ---- 2.720

1.400 ---- 2.800 a for 1.353 = 2.720 + 0.042
0.100 ---- 0.080  = 2.762
For maximum B.M the wheel loads 11.4 t should be kept such that the resultant of the
loads and one of the loads are equidistant from the centre of the span.
The position of loads are as shown in the sketch
C/L Mid Span
2.7 11.4 11.4
-1.414 3.20 1.20 0.784

0.099
1.101
A C D E Resultant of Loads B
1.885 1.885
3.770
Centre of Gravity of Loads "C" = ( 11.400 x 3.20 ) ( 11.40 x 4.40 ) 0.000 x 5.18 )
2.700 + 11.40 + 11.40 + 0.00
= 86.64
25.500
= 3.398 m

and 11.4 T load = 0.198 m
The distance between centre of = 0.198 /2
span and 11.4 T load = 0.099 m

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.762
a = -1.414
lo = 3.770 m
b1 = 200.0 +2x 75.0
= 0.350 m
bef = ( 2.762 -x 1.4 ) 1- -1.414 + 0.35

3.770
= -3.906 x (1- -0.375) + 0.35
Effective dispersion width ( bef ) = -5.021 < 1.800 m

Hence ,The Dispersion width does not overlap
Combined width of dispersion = (thickness of kerb + distance between kerb and wheel+ half of contact
width+axle length)+( half of dispersion width of second wheel)
200
1800
b b
225 150
75
520
Therefore combined width of disperssion = 0.225 + 0.150 + 0.100 + 1.800

2
= 0.475 + 0.900
= 1.375 m

2.0 x 1.375
= 1.434 t

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.762
a = 1.786
lo = 3.770 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.650 m
bef = ( 2.762 x 1.8 ) 1- 1.786 + 0.65
3.770
= 4.933 x (1- 0.474) + 0.65
Effective dispersion width ( bef ) = 3.246 m > 1.800 m


2
= 2.425 + 1.623
= 4.048 m

4.048
= 4.113 t
DISPERSION UNDER ' E ' (11.4 t)

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.762
a = 2.986
lo = 3.770 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.650 m
bef = ( 2.762 x 3.0 ) 1- 2.986 + 0.65
3.770
= 8.248 x (1- 0.792) + 0.65


2
= 2.425 + 1.183
= 3.608 m
1.0 x 3.608
= 4.615 t
1.434 4.113 4.615

1.2
-1.414 3.200 0.099 1.101 0.784
A C D E B
1.885 1.885
3.770

RA x 3.77 = ( 4.615 x 0.8 ) + ( 4.113 x 2.0 ) +( 1.434 x 5.2 ) +( 3.390 x 0.0 )
RA = 3.62 + 8.16 + 7.43

3.770
RA = 5.096 t
RB = 5.067 t
Maximum live load bending moment Under load "D" = ( 5.096 x 1.786 ) - ( 1.434 x 3.200 )
= 4.512 tm
= 451228.807 Kg-cm
Maximum live load bending moment Under load "E" = ( 5.067 x 0.784 ) ( 3.390 x 0.784 )
= 3.972 tm
= 397151.083 Kg-cm

= 451229 + 264271
= 715500 Kgcm

100.0 x 12.088
= 24.33 < 47.0 cm
HENCE OK
MAIN REINFORCEMENT
tjd
= 715500
2000.0 x 0.9 x 47.000
(Ast) required = 8.51 cm2

∑O = 52.36 cm
Every Alternate bar is bent upwards, ie., ½ bars are carried on support
Ast on support at bottom = ½ * Ast = 13.090 cm2
∑O = 26.18 cm
∑O = 26.18 cm
DISTRIBUTION STEEL
= ( 0.3 x 451229 )+ ( 0.2 x 264271 )
= 188222.864 Kgcm

2000.0 x 0.9 x 47.000
= 2.240 cm2

100
= 6.240 cm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR

2
= 1487.5 x3
2
= 1.440

11.4 t 11.4 t 6.8 t 6.8 t

0.720 1.200 4.30 -2.450
A C D E
3.770
bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.762
a = 0.720
lo = 3.770 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.65 m
bef = ( 2.762 x 0.7 ) 1- 0.720 + 0.65
3.770


2
= 2.425 + 1.129
= 3.554 m
3.554
= 4.684 t

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.762
a = 1.920
lo = 3.770 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.65 m
bef = ( 2.762 x 1.9 ) 1- 1.920 + 0.65
3.770
= 3.253 m > 1.800 m

2
= 2.425 + 1.626
= 4.051 m
4.051
= 4.110 t
b1 = 0.380 + 2.000 x 0.075

= 0.530 m
 = 2.762
a = -2.450
lo = 3.770 m
b1 = 380 +2x 75.0
= 0.53 m
bef = ( 2.762 -x 2.5 ) 1- -2.450 + 0.53

3.770
bef = -10.635 < 1.800 m
Hence ,The Disperssion width does not overlap
Therefore dispersion width of the wheel near to the kerbs

Width of disperssion = (thickness of kerb+distance between kerb and wheel+ half of contact width + (half of
dispersion width of first wheel)
Therefore combined width of dispersion = 0.225 + 0.150 + 0.38 + 1.800 -+ 10.635

2 2
= 2.365 -+ 5.318
= -2.953 m

-2.953
= -3.364 t
4.684 t 4.110 t -3.364 t
0.720 1.200 4.30 -2.450

A C D E B
3.770
RA x 3.77 = ( 4.684 x 3.1 ) + ( 4.110 x 1.9 ) - + ( 3.364 -x 2.5 )
RA = 14.29 + 7.60 + 8.24

3.770
RA = 7.993 t
RB = -2.562 t

= 2454.4 + 7993
= 10447.0 Kgs

100 x 47.000
= 2.223 Kg/cm2
100 As = 100 x 13.090
bd 100 x 47.000
= 0.279 %
0.250 ---- 0.230

0.500 ---- 0.310 0.279 ?
0.250 ---- 0.080
= 0.230+ 0.080 x 0.029

0.250
2
= 0.239 N/mm
or 2.391 Kg/cm2 > 2.223 Kg/cm2
HENCE OK
CHECK FOR BOND

0.894 x 47.000 x 26.180
= 9.498 Kg/m2 < 18.200 Kg/m2
HENCE OK
Clear Span = 7.60 m
Mix Proposed = M 25
C = 85 Kg/cm2
m = 10.98
n = 0.318
Q = 12.088
t = 2000 Kg/cm2
j = 0.89
Dead Loads
Assume the thickness of deck slab = 750 mm ###
Clear cover = 40 mm
2
= 698 mm
Effective Span (L)
(I) C/C of Supports = 7.600 + 0.49
= 8.09 m
= 8.298 m

( As per Cl 211.1 of IRC 6 -2014) 6.000 + L
= 4.500
= 0.319


= 2.063 t

8
Bending Moment due to Dead load = 2.063 x 8.09 2
8
= 16.87 t-m
or 1687334 kgcm

Where

at right angles to the span plus twice the thickness of wearing coat or B/L0
surface finish above the structural slab ###
###
 = b/lo = width of slab ###
effective span ###
 = 5.100 ###
8.090 ###
= 0.630 ###
###
0.600 ---- 1.960 ###
0.700 ---- 2.120 a for 0.630 = 1.960 + 0.049 ###
0.100 ---- 0.160  = 2.009 ###
###
For maximum B.M the wheel loads 11.4 t should be kept such that the resultant of the ###
loads and one of the loads are equidistant from the centre of the span. ###
The position of loads are as shown in the sketch ###
C/L Mid Span ###
2.7 11.4 11.4 6.800 ###
-0.298 3.20 1.20 4.300 -0.312 ###

1.143 ###
0.057 ###
A C D E Resultant of Loads B
4.045 4.045
8.090
Centre of Gravity of Loads "C" = ( 11.400 x3.20) +( 11.40x x4.40 ) + ( 6.800 x 8.70 )
2.700 + 11.40 + 11.40 + 6.80
= 145.80
32.300
= 4.514 m

and 11.4 T load = 0.114 m
The distance between centre of = 0.114 /2
span and 11.4 T load = 0.057 m

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.009
a = -0.298
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 200.0 +2x 75.0
= 0.350 m
bef = ( 2.009 -x 0.3 ) 1- -0.298 + 0.35

8.090
= -0.599 x (1- -0.037) + 0.35

Combined width of dispersion = (thickness of kerb + distance between kerb and wheel+ half of contact
width+axle length)+( half of dispersion width of second wheel)
200
1800
b b
225 150
75
750
Therefore combined width of disperssion = 0.225 + 0.150 + 0.100 + 1.800 ###

2 ###
= 0.475 + 0.900
= 1.375 m

2.0 x 1.375
= 1.295 t

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.009
a = 2.902
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.650 m
bef = ( 2.009 x 2.9 ) 1- 2.902 + 0.65
8.090
= 5.829 x (1- 0.359) + 0.65
Effective dispersion width ( bef ) = 4.388 m > 1.800 m


2
= 2.425 + 2.194
= 4.619 m

4.619
= 3.256 t

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.009
a = 4.102
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.650 m
bef = ( 2.009 x 4.1 ) 1- 4.102 + 0.65
8.090
= 8.239 x (1- 0.507) + 0.65


2
= 2.425 + 2.356
= 4.781 m
4.781
= 3.146 t
DESPERSION UNDER ' F ' (6.8 t)
bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.009
a = -0.312
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 380 +2x 75
= 530 m
bef = ( 2.009 -x 0.3 ) 1- -0.312 + 0.53

8.090
= -0.627 x (1- -0.039) + 0.53
Hence ,The Dispersion width does not over laps
Therefore combined width of dispersion = 0.225 + 0.150 + 0.190 + 1.800

2
= 0.565 + 0.900
= 1.465 m
2.0 x 1.465
= 3.062 t
1.295 3.256 3.146 3.062

1.2
-0.298 3.200 1.143 0.057 4.300 -0.312
A C D E B
4.045 4.045
8.090

RA x 8.09 = ( 3.146 x 4.3 ) +( 3.256 x 5.2 ) +( 1.295 x 8.4 ) +( 3.062 -x 0.3 )
RA = 13.53 + 16.89 + 10.87 -+ 0.96

8.090
RA = 4.985 t
RB = 5.774 t
Maximum live load bending moment Under load "D" = ( 4.985 x 2.902 ) - ( 1.295 x 3.200 )
= 10.323 tm
= 1032250.72 Kg-cm
Maximum live load bending moment Under load "E" = ( 5.774 x 3.988 ) - ( 3.062 x 4.300 )
= 9.861 tm
= 986141.823 Kg-cm

= 1032251 + 1687334
= 2719585 Kgcm

100.0 x 12.088
= 47.43 < 69.8 cm
HENCE OK
MAIN REINFORCEMENT
tjd
= 2719585
2000.0 x 0.9 x 69.750
2
(Ast) required = 21.81 cm

∑O = 78.54 cm
Every Alternate bar is bent upwards, ie., ½ bars are carried on support
Ast on support at bottom = ½ * Ast = 24.544 cm2
∑O = 39.27 cm
∑O = 39.27 cm
DISTRIBUTION STEEL
= ( 0.3 x 1032251 )+ ( 0.2 x 1687334 )
= 647141.983 Kgcm

2000.0 x 0.9 x 69.750
2
= 5.189 cm

100
= 9.000 cm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR

2
= 2062.5 x8
2
= 1.900

11.4 t 11.4 t 6.8 t 6.8 t

0.950 1.200 4.30 3.000 -1.360
A C D E
8.090
bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.009
a = 0.950
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.65 m
bef = ( 2.009 x 1.0 ) 1- 0.950 + 0.65
8.090

2
= 2.425 + 1.167
= 3.592 m

3.592
= 4.187 t

bef =  a ( 1 - a/lo) + b1
 = 2.009
a = 2.150
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 500 +2x 75.0
= 0.65 m
bef = ( 2.009 x 2.2 ) 1- 2.150 + 0.65
8.090
= 3.821 m > 1.800 m

2
= 2.425 + 1.910
= 4.335 m
4.335
= 3.469 t
b1 = 0.380 + 2.000 x 0.075

= 0.530 m
 = 2.009
a = 1.640
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 380 +2x 75.0
= 0.53 m
bef = ( 2.009 x 1.6 ) 1- 1.640 + 0.53

8.090
bef = 3.156 > 1.800 m


2 2
= 2.365 + 1.578
= 3.943 m

3.943
= 2.275 t
DISPERSION UNDER ' F ' (6.8 t)
b1 = 0.380 + 2.000 x 0.075

= 0.530 m
 = 2.009
a = -1.360
lo = 8.090 m
b1 = 380 +2x 75.0
= 0.53 m
bef = ( 2.009 -x 1.4 ) 1- -1.360 + 0.53

8.090
bef = -2.661 < 1.800 m

Therefore combined width of dispersion = 0.225 + 0.150 + 0.38 + 1.80 ###

2 2
= 0.565 + 0.900
= 1.465 m
2 x 1.465
= 3.062 t
4.187 t 3.469 t 2.275 t 3.062 t

0.950 1.200 4.30 3.000 -1.360

A C D E B
8.090
RA x 8.09 = ( 4.187 x 7.1 ) + ( 3.469 x 5.9 ) + ( 2.275 x 1.6 ) + ( 3.062 -x 1.4 )
RA = 29.90 + 20.61 + 3.73 -+ 4.16

8.090
RA = 6.189 t
RB = 6.804 t

= 7837.5 + 6804
= 14642.0 Kgs

100 x 69.750
= 2.099 Kg/cm2
100 As = 100 x 24.544
bd 100 x 69.750
= 0.352 %
0.250 ---- 0.230

0.500 ---- 0.310 0.352 ?
0.250 ---- 0.080
= 0.230+ 0.080 x 0.102

0.250
2
= 0.263 N/mm
or 2.626 Kg/cm2 > 2.099 Kg/cm2
HENCE OK
CHECK FOR BOND

0.894 x 69.750 x 39.270
2
= 5.980 Kg/m < 18.200 Kg/m2
HENCE OK
REINFORCEMENT SCHEDULE
Clearspan = 7600 mm
Effective span = 8090 mm
Bearing Width = 490 mm
Overall length of slab = 8580 mm
Overall Width of slab = 5100 mm
Overall depth of slab = 750 mm
Clear cover = 40 mm
TYPE Dia (mm) Spacing No. of X (mm) Y(mm) Z(mm) Length of Total length
(mm) bars each bar (m)
(mm)
Type a 25 100 26 8480 220.480

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT
8480
(Long)
###
Type b 25 200 26 910 948 5320 9235 240.110
(Long)
###
Type c 12 125 69 5000 345.000
5000
(Trans)
###
Type d 12 200 26 8480 220.480
REINFORCEMENT
8480
(Long)
###
TOP
Type e 12 250 35 5000 175.000

5000
(Trans)
###
200
600 225
225
300
KERB FOR MAIN SLAB
750
375
275
KERB FOR MAIN SLAB
Type f 993
12 300 2 *29 2358 136.770
(Trans) 715
Type g 8480
12 6 8480 50.880
(Long)
Type h 150
SOLID PARAPET
10 300 2 *29 2636 152.888

(Trans)
888 1598
###
Type I 8480
10 12 8480 101.760
(Long)
###
###
APPROACH SLAB
TYPE 5000
12 150 23 5100 469.200
A(Long)
50
50
###
TYPE 3420
12 150 34 3520 478.720
B(Trans)
50
50
Subject : DESIGN OF ROAD BRIDGE PIER
RCL + 83.992
0.075 WCL + 83.917
0.520 DECK SLAB BOD + 83.397
0.3 BED BLOCK 1.000 BB + 83.097
1.000
MWL + 82.997
1.797 1.000
PIER Trough Level + 81.870
1.00 1.000 1.00

0.6
PBL + 81.300
1.0 FL + 80.300
3.000
1.57
1.000
7.6
6.1 5.1 m
3.000
I. Braking force
(As per IRC:6-2010, para 211.2(a)), the braking force is 20% of the train loading on the span
Class "A" loading

Effective span of the Bridge = 3.790 m
Hence loads coming on to the span = 11.4 + 11.4 + 6.8

= 25.50 t
Braking Load = 20 x 25.5 = 5.100 t

100
The braking force will be acting at a height of 1.20m above road level.(as per clause 211-3 of IRC 6: 2010).
Lever arm = 1.2 + 0.595 = 1.795 m
Change in vertical reaction = 5.100 x 1.795 = 2.415 t

3.790
Lever arm at bottom of pier i.e., + 81.300

= 83.397 - 81.300 = 2.097 m
Moment due to braking force @ top of foundation + 81.300
= 5.100 x 2.10 = 10.695 t-m
Moment due to braking force @ Top of the soil + 80.300
= 5.100 x 3.10 = 15.795 t-m
Live load
1.100 3.200 1.200 4.300 3.00 3.000 3.000
2.7 t 2.7t 11.4t 11.4t 6.8t 6.8t 6.8t 6.8t
2.7 2.7 11.4 11.4 6.8
1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 3.0
3.790 m 0.510 3.790

C Ra Rb D
0.690
Reaction Calculations:
Taking moments about C
Ra x 3.790 = 11.4 x 3.10 + 2.7 x 0.00 + 2.7 x 0.00

Ra = 9.325 t
Taking moments about D
Rb x 3.790 = 11.4 x 3.79 + 6.800 x 0.00

Rb = 11.400 t
Ra+Rb = 20.725 t and Ra-Rb = 2.075 t

Live load reaction on the pier:
Case(i):
load moving in direction away from the pier: = 20.725 - 2.415 = 18.310 t
Case(ii):
load moving in a direction towards the pier: = 20.725 + 2.415 = 23.140 t
Case(i):
load moving in direction away from the pier: = 2.075 - 2.415 = 0.340 t
Case(ii):
load moving in a direction towards the pier: = 2.075 + 2.415 = 4.490 t
II(a) Moment due to eccentricity of live load reaction:(in Stream flow direction):
0.15
0.5 e
0.9
1.8
4.25
Eccentricity of loading with respect to of carriage way(class A loading)

(as per clause :204.1.3 of IRC:6-2010) e = 0.825 m
Moments
Case(1) = 18.310 x 0.825 = 15.106 t-m
Case(II) = 23.140 x 0.825 = 19.091 t-m
II(b). Moment due to eccentricity of live load reaction: (in roadway direction):
Case(1) = 0.340 x 0.510 / 2 = 0.087 t-m

Case(II) = 4.490 x 0.510 / 2 = 1.145 t-m
III. Moment due to Frictional Force:
unit weight of earth = 2.0 t/m3

unit weight of PCC = 2.5 t/m3 From IRC 6- 2010 clause 203.
unit weight of water = 1.0 t/m3
Dead load due to super structure:
Weight of slab = 4.280 x 4.920 x 0.52 x 2.500 = 27.375 t

Wt of wearing Coat = 4.280 x 4.250 x 0.08 x 2.500 = 3.411 t
Weight of kerbs = 2 x 4.280 x 0.425 x 0.23 x 2.500 = 2.046 t
Wt of Parapet = 2 x 4.280 x 0.200 x 0.60 x 2.500 = 2.568 t
Rg = 35.400 / 2 = 17.700 t
Friction Coefficient = 0.5
Frictional force = 0.5 x 17.700 = 8.850 t

Right side bearing resistance = 0.9 x 8.850 = 7.965 t
(10% variation from left side)
Unbalanced force = 8.850 - 7.965 = 0.885 t
Moment at level + 81.300 = 0.885 x 2.097 = 1.856 t-m

top of foundation
Moment at level + 80.300 = 0.885 x 3.097 = 2.741 t-m
top of soil
IV. Moment due to wind force:

Exposed height of Deck = 0.595 m
Kerb = 0.225 m
Parapet Ht = 0.600 m
1.
(a) The wind force on the bridge superstructure will be computed (as per clause 209.2 of IRC:6 – 2010)
Height of Parapet = 0.600 m

Height on which wind force acts = 0.595 + 0.225 + 0.600 = 1.420
Case – 1 :- MWL Condition :-
Exposed height of pier over MWL = + 83.397 - 82.997 = 0.400
Avg height at centre of deck = 0.400 + 0.595 + 0.225 + 0.600 / 2 = 1.520
where
1 10.00 44.00 1.05 0.78 1.0286 37.07 824.36
2 15.00 44.00 1.05 0.82 1.0286 38.97 911.08
3 20.00 44.00 1.05 0.85 1.0286 40.39 978.96
4 30.00 44.00 1.05 0.88 1.0286 41.82 1049.29
5 50.00 44.00 1.05 0.93 1.0286 44.19 1171.91
6 100.00 44.00 1.05 0.99 1.0286 47.05 1328.00
MWL condition,for a height of 1.52 m, H= 1.520 m
Pz = 82.436 kg/m2
Case – 2 :- Trough Level Condition :-
Exposed height of pier above T L = + 83.397 - 81.870 = 1.527

Avg height at centre of deck = 1.527 + 0.595 + 0.225 + 0.600 / 2 = 2.647
PZ
for 1.520 m = 82.436 kg/sqm
for 2.647 m = 82.436 kg/sqm
= ( ( 0.595 + 0.225 ) + ( 0.600 2.0 4.280 )

= 4.794 m2
As per Cl. 209.3.3 of IRC:6-2010 ;The Transverse wind force is given by the formula
FT = PZ * At * CD * G
where, PZ = Hourly mean wind pressure in N/m2
A1 = Solid area in m2
G = Gust factor
CD = Drag coefficient depending upon the geometric shape of the Bridge Deck
CD = 1.4615 (Table 5 of IRC:6-2010)

G = 2
For Stream Full Condition

This force acts at the centre of Area of pressure from level + 81.300
Therefore Lever arm from bottom of pier ie at level + 81.300

= 2.097 + ( 0.595 + 0.225 + 0.30 ) / 2
= 2.657 m
= 3.069 t-m

= 3.097 + ( 0.595 + 0.225 + 0.30 ) / 2
= 3.657

= 4.224 t-m
For Stream Empty Condition
= 2.097 + ( 0.595 + 0.225 + 0.30 ) / 2
= 2.657 m
= 3.069 t-m
Therefore Lever arm from bottom level of foundation i.e., at level + 80.300
= 3.097 + ( 0.595 + 0.225 + 0.30 ) / 2
= 3.657 m
= 4.224 t-m
V. Moment due to water currents:
(a) In Stream flow direction:
(As per clause 210.2 of IRC:6-2010 ) Force due to water currents in the direction of Stream flow is given by:
p = 52 k V²
V = 1.414 v
v = Velocity of flow in Stream
= Q / A
= 21.457 / 8.258
= 2.598 m/s
V = 1.414 X v
= 1.414 x 2.598
= 3.674 m/s
p = 52 x 0.660 x 3.674
= 463.326 kg/sqm
Pressure due to water currents at MWL = 463.326 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at T L = 0.0

= 0.942 m²
Total Pressure due to water currents = ( 463.326 + 0.00 )/2x 1/1000 x 0.942
= 0.218 t
Water pressure is acting at 2h/3 from T L = 2/3 x 1.200

= 0.800 m
Depth of pier from T L to the foundation top = 0.57 m
Moment at + 81.300 = 0.218 x ( 0.800 + 0.57 )

= 0.299 t-m
Moment at + 80.300 = 0.218 x ( 0.800 + 0.57 + 1.00 )
= 0.517 t-m
Force due to water currents in the direction of road way is given by:
(As per clause 210.4 (b) of IRC:6-2010)
p = 52 k V²
V = 1.414 v cosƟ
v = Velocity of flow in Stream
= Q / A
= 21.457 / 8.258
= 2.598 m/s
Assume that the water is striking the pier at an angle of Ɵ= 20o
V = 1.414 x v x cos20o
= 1.414 x 2.598 x 0.940
= 3.453 m/s
p = 52 x 0.660 x 3.453
= 409.127 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at T L = 0.000
= 35.070 m²
Total Pressure due to water currents = (409.127 + 0.000 )/2x 1/1000 x 35.070
= 7.174 t
Water pressure is acting at 2h/3 from T L = 2/3 x 1.200

= 0.800 m
Depth of pier from T L to the foundation top = 0.57 m
Moment at + 81.300 = 7.174 x ( 0.800 + 0.57 )

= 9.828 t-m
Moment at + 80.300 = 7.174 x ( 0.800 + 0.57 + 1.00 )
= 17.002 t-m
Stream Full Condition
Moments due to braking + live load eccentricity + friction force + water currents
Case(I) = 10.695 + 0.087 + 1.856 + 9.828 = 22.466 t-m
Case(II) = 10.695 + 1.145 + 1.856 + 9.828 = 23.524 t-m
B) at + 80.270 ( on soil)
Moments due to braking + live load eccentricity + friction force + water currents
Case(I) = 15.795 + 1.145 + 3.097 + 17.002 = 37.039 t-m
Case(II) = 15.795 + 1.145 + 3.097 + 17.002 = 37.039 t-m
Stream empty condition

Moments due to braking + live load eccentricity + friction force
Case(I) = 10.695 + 0.087 + 1.856 = 12.637 t-m
Case(II) = 10.695 + 1.145 + 1.856 = 13.695 t-m
B) at + 80.270 ( on soil)
Moments due to braking + live load eccentricity + friction force
Case(I) = 15.795 + 1.145 + 3.097 = 20.037 t-m
Case(II) = 15.795 + 1.145 + 3.097 = 20.037 t-m
Total moments in Stream flow direction:
Moments due to live load eccentricity + wind force + water currents
Case(I) = 15.106 + 3.069 + 0.299 = 18.474 t-m
Case(II) = 19.091 + 4.224 + 0.299 = 23.614 t-m
B) at + 80.270 ( on soil)
Case(I) = 15.106 + 3.069 + 0.517 = 18.692 t-m
Case(II) = 19.091 + 4.224 + 0.517 = 23.832 t-m

Moments due to live load eccentricity + wind force
Case(I) = 15.106 + 3.069 = 18.175 t-m
Case(II) = 19.091 + 4.224 = 23.315 t-m
B) at + 80.270 ( on soil)
Case(I) = 15.106 + 3.069 = 18.175 t-m
Case(II) = 19.091 + 4.224 = 23.315 t-m
Wt of bed block = 1.00 x 0.30 x 5.10 2.5 = 3.825 t

= ( 1.000 + x 1.80 x 5.100 x 2.500 = 22.912 t

' 2
= P/4 ( 1.000 x 1.80 x 2.50 = 1.764 t

= ( 1.013 + 1.000 ) / 2 x 2.70 x 5.10 x 1.00 = 13.846 t
2
= p/4( 1.000 x 2.70 x 1.00 = 1.059 t
Stream full condition

= 22.912 + 1.764 + 3.825 13.846 + 1.059 ) = 13.595 t


Case(1) = 13.595 + 18.310 + 35.400 = 67.305 t
Case(II) = 13.595 + 23.140 + 35.400 = 72.135 t
Case(1) = 28.501 + 18.310 + 35.400 = 82.211 t
Case(II) = 28.501 + 23.140 + 35.400 = 87.041 t
Weight of foundation = 3.000 x 7.600 x 1.000 x 2.500 = 57.000 t

= 57.000 x 2.500 x 1.400 = 31.920 t
Therefore direct loads at + 80.270

Case( I ) = 67.305 + 31.920 = 99.225 t
Case(II) = 72.135 + 31.920 = 104.055 t
Case( I ) = 82.211 + 57.000 = 139.211 t
Case(II) = 87.041 + 57.000 = 144.041 t
At the base of the pier i.e. at + 81.870
Area (a) = 5.100 x 3.000 + p/4 x ( 1.000 ²) = 16.085 Sqm
Equivalent length of pier
= 5.100 + p/4 x ( 1.000 ²) / 1.00 ) = 5.8854 m
Section modulus:
Zxx = 5.885 x 3.000 2
/ 6 = 8.828 m3
Zyy = 3.000 x 5.885 2

/ 6 = 17.319 m3

Area (a) = 3.000 x 7.600 = 22.800 Sqm
Section modulus:
Zxx = 7.600 x 3.000 2
/ 6 = 11.400 m3
Zyy = 3.000 x 7.600 2
/ 6 = 28.880 m3
Stream FULL CONDITION

CASE (I) 67.305 22.466 18.474

= ----------- + ----------- + -----------
16.085 8.828 17.319
= 4.184 + 2.545 + 1.067

CASE (II) = 72.135 23.524 23.614

------------ + ----------- + -----------
16.085 8.828 17.319
= 4.485 + 2.665 + 1.363

CASE (I) 99.225 37.039 18.692

= ------------ + ----------- + -----------
22.800 11.400 28.880
= 4.352 + 3.249 + 0.647

CASE (II) 104.055 37.039 23.832

= ------------ + ----------- + -----------
22.800 11.400 28.880
= 4.564 + 3.249 + 0.825

Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Stress in Concrete:
Case - 1 7.796 0.573 Compressive stress
Stress on Soil:
Case - 1 8.248 0.456 compressive stress
Stream EMPTY CONDITION

CASE (I) 82.211 12.637 18.175
= ------------ + --------- + ---------
16.085 8.828 17.319
= 5.111 + 1.431 + 1.049

CASE (II) 87.041 12.637 23.315

= ------------ + --------- + ---------
16.085 8.828 17.319
= 5.411 + 1.431 + 1.346

STRESSES ON SOIL ie AT 80.300 :
CASE (I) 139.211 20.037 18.175

= ------------ + --------- + ---------
22.800 11.400 28.880
= 6.106 + 1.758 + 0.629

CASE (II) 144.041 20.037 18.175

= ------------ + --------- + ----------
22.800 11.400 28.880
= 6.318 + 1.758 + 0.629

Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Stress in Concrete:
Stress on Soil:
Subject : DESIGN OF ROAD BRIDGE ABUTMENT
1 unit wt of concrete = 2.500 t/m³

2 unit wt of earth = 2.000 t/m³
Details of the deck

1 Carriage width = 4.250 m
2 Bottom width of deck = 4.920 m
3 Thickness of the deck = 0.520 m
4 Thickness of wearing coat = 0.075 m
5 Width of Kerb = 0.225 m
6 Height of Kerb = 0.225 m
7 Width of Parapet = 0.200 m
8 Height of parapet = 0.600 m
9 Parapet + kerb top width = 0.425 m
10 length of abutment = 5.100 m
1.0 Loads on Abutments
i) Deck = 4.28 x 4.920 x 0.520 x 2.50 = 27.375 t

ii) Wearing coat = 4.28 x 4.250 x 0.075 x 2.50 = 3.411 t
iii) Kerbs = 4.28 x 0.300 x 0.425 x 2.50 = 2.729 t
iv) Parapet = 4.28 x 0.200 x 0.600 x 2.50 = 2.568 t
Total = 36.08 t
Dead load on abutment = 36.082
2
= 18.041 t
2.0 Live Load Reaction:
11.4 11.4 6.8
1.2 4.3 -1.71
A 3.79 B
Taking moments about - B

RA x 3.79 = 11.4 x 3.790 + 11.40 x 2.59 + 6.80 -x 1.71 + 0.00 -x 1.71
= 43.206 + 29.53 -+ 11.63 + 0.00
= 61.104 = 16.12 t
3.79
3.0 Braking Force:

As per the Clause 211.2 of IRC 6: 2010 the braking effect on a simply supported slab is
20 % of the actual total load on span
111
Total load on the span = 22.8 t

Braking force = 0.2 x 22.80 = 4.560 t
Force felt by each bearing = 2.28 t ( considering two bearings)
Force / m run of abutment = 2.28 = 0.447 t

5.100
4.0 Change in vertical reaction due to braking effect.
As per Clause 211.3 of IRC 6 : 2010 the force due to braking effect shall be assumed to act at
Force acting at 1.20 m above the road level.
Height of this force above the abutment = 1.795

(Assuming depth of Bed Block = 0.3
Change in vertical load = 2.28 x 1.795

3.79
= 1.080 t
5.0 Impact Load:

0.500
Impact multiplying factor (As per clause 208 of IRC : 6 – 2010) + 83.097
0.500 = x
3.00 3-h
3.00 (h) = 2.20 m
x = 0.500 0.803
3.000
x = 0.134 (X)
0 + 80.900
As per IRC:6-2010, section(II), Cl. 208.7, the abutment height is less than 3m below
the bed block, hence, impact multiplying factor is = 0.134
Total load over the abut = L.L. + C V.R. + D.L. + Impact load
= 16.122 + 1.080 + 18.04 ( 16.122 x 0.46 x 0.134 )
= 36.236 t
Load per meter run = 36.24 = 7.105 t

5.100
112
(Section 8 – 8)
+83.992 0.02 +83.992
W1 +83.917
+83.767 W7 W3
+83.397
W20.49 +83.097
MFL +82.997
3.092 W8 W6
W4 1.127
W5
Trough sill level +81.870
0.4 2.90 1.00 0.4 +80.900 1.0
0.6
W9 3.900 +80.300
B
4.700
Taking moments about A
Load Particulars Force LA Moment
Height Breadth Density V H
W1 As Calculated 7.105 3.655 25.969
W2 0.510 x 0.300 x 2.5 0.382 3.400 1.300
W3 0.595 x 0.490 x 2.5 0.729 3.145 2.292
W4 2.197 x 1.000 x 2.5 5.493 3.400 18.675

W5 0.500 x 2.197 x 2.900 x 2.5 7.964 1.933 15.397
W6 0.500 x 2.197 x 2.900 x 2.0 6.371 0.967 6.159
W7 0.225 x 2.900 x 2.5 1.631
0.670 x 2.900 x 2.0 3.886 1.450 8.000
Pv 0.0395 x 4.292 1.2 x 2.0 1.342
Ph 0.1580 x 4.292 1.2 x 2.0 5.366 1.237 6.637
Bf Braking force 0.447 2.497 1.116

∑V= 34.903 ∑ M = 85.545
lever arm = 85.545 = 2.451 m

34.903
e = 2.451 - 1.95 = 0.501 m
Allowable e = 0.650 > 0.501 HENCE SAFE
Stress in concrete
= 34.903 ( 1.00 + 6 0.501 )
3.900 3.900
= 8.950 ( 1.00 + 0.771 )
Max = 15.847 t/m 2
Min = 2.052 t/m2
113

W1 As calculated 7.105 4.055 28.811
W2 As calculated 0.382 3.800 1.453
W3 As calculated 0.729 3.545 2.584
W4 As calculated 5.493 3.800 20.872

W5 As calculated 7.964 2.333 18.583
W6 As calculated 6.371 1.367 8.707
W7 0.225 x 3.300 x 2.5 1.856
0.670 x 3.300 x 2.0 4.422 1.850 11.615
0.225 x 0.400 x 2.0 0.180 0.200 0.036
W8 2.867 x 0.400 x 2.0 2.294 0.200 0.459
W9 0.600 x 4.700 x 2.5 7.050 2.350 16.567
Pv 0.0395 x 4.892 1.2 x 2.0 1.777
Ph 0.1580 x 4.892 1.2 x 2.0 7.107 1.477 10.496
Bf As calculated 0.447 3.097 1.385
∑V= 45.623 7.554 ∑M= 121.568
I) Check For Over Turning :

safety factor against overturning = 109.69 11.88
= 9.200 > 1.5 HENCE SAFE
II) Check Against Sliding : Neglecting passive earth pressure

Total horizontal force on wall = H0 = 7.554 t/m.
safety factor against sliding = V0 x m/H0 = 45.623 x 0.500
7.554
= 3.100 > 1.5
HENCE SAFE
III) Check For Pressure :
lever arm = 121.568 = 2.665 m
45.623
e = 0.315 m
Allowable e = 4.700 = 0.783 > 0.315 m
6 HENCE SAFE
Stress on soil = 45.623 ( 1.00 + 6 0.315 )
4.70 4.700
= 9.707 ( 1.00 + 0.402 )
Max = 13.610 t/m2

Min = 5.804 t/m2
114
2. Design of Bed Blocks under Road Abutments:
Total Load on bed Block = 36.236 t

Providing a bed block of = 0.510 x 2.500 x 0.30 size
Weight of bed block = 0.510 x 2.500 x 0.300 x 2.5
= 0.956 t
Total load on the abutment under the bed block

= 36.236 + 0.956 = 37.192 t
Intensity of pressure under the bed block 0.490

= 37.19
0.51 x 2.5 12Φ 150 C/c
= 29.170 t/m2 0.670 0.510 4 nos. of 16 mm dia
= 2.917 Kg /cm2
0.3 2L-10Φ @ 150 c/c
(As per IS 456:2000
1.00
Adopting the bed blocks in RCC M 20
Providing 1% of G.S.A. = 1 x 30 x 51
100
= 15.30 Sq. cm
No.of 16 mm Φ bars 7.610 ≈ 8 No.s

Provide 4 bars at top and 4 bars at bottom
Hence provide 16 mm Φ bars 8 Nos of top & Bottom reinforcement
Area of Stirrups = 7.65 cm² Volume of steel/rm= 765 cm3

Length of each stirrup 162 cm
Adopting 10 mm dia 2L stirrups 127.17 cm3

No. of Stirrups/rm = 6.02 Spacing = 16.62 cm
Hence Provide 10 mm dia bars 150 c/c,
3. Design of the DirtWall :
Height of the dirt wall 'H” = 0.670 m
Earth pressure at the bottom of the dirt wall Epre = 0.333 x H x ø

= 0.333 x 0.670 x 20
= 4.462 KN/m2
115
Neglecting the vertical component of the load to be on conservative side

Horizontal load on the wall/m length of the wall = 0.5 x Epre x H
= 0.500 x 4.462 x 0.670
= 1.495 KN/m
Moment at the bottom of the dirt wall
= 1.495 x 0.490 x 0.670 = 0.491 KN m/m
Surcharge pressure on the wall Spre = 0.333 x 1.2 x ø

= 0.333 x 1.200 x 20
= 7.992 KN/m2
Surcharge load on the dirt wall Sload = Spre x H

= 7.992 x 0.670
5.355 KN/m
Moment at the bottom of the dirt wall M = 0.5 x Sload x H

= 0.500 x 5.355 x 0.670
1.794 KN m/m
The heavest load may come on the dirt wall = 114.0 kN

Braking force ( 20% load coming) acts at 1.2m above the RCL = 27.360 KN-m
Bending moment due to Braking force = 18.331 KN-m/m
Total design moment at the bottom of the dirt wall = 1.794 + 0.491 + 18.331
= 20.616 KN m/m
For M 30 grade concrete and fe415 steel (As Per IRC 6: 2014)
Modular ratio = 9.33 k = 0.318
σcbc = 10 N/mm 2 j = 0.894
σst = 200 N/mm2 Q = 1.422
Depth required = Sqrt(BM/Qb)

= 20.616 X 10^6 = 172.00 mm
1.422 x 490
Depth provided = 670 - 50 -6
= 614 mm > 172.00 mm
Hence the provided section is adequate
Area of steel required = BM/σst x j x d
= 20.616 x 10^6
200 x 0.894 x 172
= 670.404 Sq.mm
Minimum area of steel (0.12%) = 0.12 x 614 x 490

100
= 361.032 Sq.mm
116
Provide 12 mm Φ bars @ 150 c/c

Distribution steel = 0.3 x Ast

= 201.121 sqmm
ie Provide 10 Φ bars @ 300 c/c

However provide TOR 12 @ 150 mm c/c 754.0 mm2/m

Dist. reinforcement TOR 10 @ 300 mm c/c 261.8 mm2/m
117
Subject : DESIGN OF FOOT BRIDGE
Design of Slab
225 1500 225
600
75
175
100
100
unit wt of concrete = 2.500 t/cum

unit wt of earth = 2.000 t/cum
Loads
a) Self Wt. of Slab = 0.10 x 2500 = 250 kg/sq.m
b) Wt of Wearing Coat = 0.08 x 2500 = 187.5 kg/sq.m
c) Live Load (As per para 206.1 of IRC 6: 2010) = 400 kg/sq.m
837.5 kg/sq.m
Width of slab = 1.500 m

Thickness of slab = 0.100 m
Size of the kerbs = 225 x 875 mm
Effective width of slab = 1.725 m
Maximum B.M. = wl2/8 = 838 x 1.725 ²

8
= 311.51 kg - m.
Concrete Mix - M 25
Stresses:
C = 85 Kg/cm2 t = 2000 Kg/cm2
m = 10.98 j = 0.894
n = 0.318
Q = 12.088 MR = Qbd2
Effective depth (d) = √M / Q b

= √ 31151 = 5.076 cm
12.088 x 100
Clear cover = 40 mm
Dia of bar = 12 mm
Available effective depth = 100 - 40 - 6
= 5.7 cm > 5.076 cm
HENCE OK
122
Area of steel required, Ast = M

tjd
= 31151 = 3.06 Sq.cm

2000 x 0.89 x 5.70
Spacing of the bar = 100 x Area of bar

Ast
= 100 x 1.13 = 37 cm
3.06
However the spacing should not exceed 3d i.e

= 3 x 5.70 = 17.1 cm
Hence provide 12 mm dia bars 15 cm c/c

Ast provided 7.540 Sq.mm HENCE OK
Distribution Steel :
0.12 % of the section = 0.12 x 10 x 100
10
= 1.2 Sq.cm
Spacing of 10 mm dia bar = 100 x Area of bar

Ast
= 100 x 0.79
1.2
= 65.450 cm
However the spacing should not exceed 5d i.e.

= 5 x 5.7 = 28.5 cm
Hence provide 10 mm dia bars 27.5 cm c/c
Ast provided 2.856 sq.cm
Check for Shear:

Shear force (V) = Wl/2 = 838 x 1.500 = 628 kg
2
Shear Stress (Tv) = V/bd = 628 = 1.102 kg/cm2
= 100 x 5.7
Percentage of steel per meter run of slab
= 100 x As / 100 x 5.7
= 100 x 3.77 = 0.661 %
100 x 5.70
123
Permissible shear stress = 0.335 N/mm2 = 3.35 kg/cm2

(As per Table 23 of IS 456:2000)
As per Para B - 5.2.1.1. the permissible shear stress
= 1.3 x 0.34 = 0.4355 N/mm2
= 4.355 kg/cm2
NO NEED OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
Design of Beam
1. Dead Load
a) Weight of slab = 0.500 x 0.100 x 1.500 x 2500 = 187.5 Kg/m.
b) Weight of WC = 0.500 x 0.075 x 1.500 x 2500 = 140.625 Kg/m.
c) Self Wt. of Beam= 0.225 x 0.875 x 2500 = 492.1875 Kg/m.
820.3125 Kg/m.
Live Load 400 kg/sq.m.
= 400 x 1.5 / 2 = 300 Kg/m.
Total Load = 820.3125 + 300 = 1120.3 Kg/m.

say 1120 Kg/m.
Clear Span = 3.30 m

Clear Cover = 40 mm
Providing 16 mm dia bars
Effective depth = 87.5 - 4.00 - 0.80 = 82.7 cm
Effective Span:
i) Clear Span + Effective Depth = 3.300 + 0.827 = 4.127 m
ii) Clear Span + Bearing Length = 3.300 + 0.370 = 3.670 m
Effective Span = 3.670 m
Max Bending Moment Wl2/8 = 1120 x 3.670 ²

8
= 1885.65 kg - m.
Effective Depth required = √M / Q b
= √ 188565.000
12.088 x 22.50
= 26.33 cm < 87.5 cm
HENCE OK
Area of Steel required = M / txj xd
= 188565
2000 x 0.894 x 82.7
= 1.275 sq.cm.
Minimum steel in beams (As) = (0.85 x bd)/fy

= ( 0.85 x 22.50 x 88 ) / 415
= 4.032 sq. cm.
124
Provide 12 mm dia bars 4 No's

Area of steel provided = 4.524 sq.cm.
HENCE STEEL PROVIDED IS SUFFICIENT
Side Face Reinforcement

0.1 % of Cross sectional Area = ( 0.10 x 22.50 x 88 ) / 100
= 1.969 sq.cm.
Provide 8 mm dia bars 4 No's on each face

Area Provided = 0.503 x4
= 2.011 sq.cm. HENCE OK
Design of Horizontal Thrust As per Clause 206.2 of IRC 6: 2010
Horizontal Load per metre width = 750 kg/m.

B.M. due to this force = 750 x 88 x 1
= 65625 kg cm.
Effective depth available = 22.5 - 4.00 - 0.80
= 17.7 cm
Area of steel required = 65625 / ( 2000 x 0.894 x 17.70 )
= 2.074 sq.cm.
Spacing of stirrups = ( 100 x 0.503 ) 2.074
= 24.236 cm
Provide 10 mm dia bars at as vertical links 24 cm c/c
Check for Shear

Shear force (V) = WL/2
= 1120 x 3.30 / 2
= 1848 kgs.
Shear Stress (Tv) = V/bd
= 1848 / 22.5 x 82.7 = 0.993 kg/cm2
% of Steel = 100 x Ast/ bd
= ( 100 x 4.524 ) / ( 22.50 x 82.70 )
= 0.243 %
From Table 23 of IS 456:2000
Permissible Shear Stress = 0.2586 N/mm2 = 2.586 kg/cm2
NO NEED OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
125
Subject : DESIGN OF FOOT BRIDGE PIER
0.075 RCL + 84.281

0.100 DECK SLAB WCL + 84.206
0.100 BOD + 84.106
0.3 BED BLOCK BB + 83.706
1.000
MWL + 83.706
2.906 PIER
Trough Level + 81.870
0.5 1.000 0.5

1.07
PBL + 80.800
0.5 FOOTING FL + 80.300
2.000
1.000 m
3.950
2.950
1.950
2.000
I. LIVE LOAD
5 kN/m2
C D
3.790 0.51 3.790
RA RB
Reaction Calculations:
Taking moments about C

RA x 3.79 = 5 x 3.79 ² / 2
RA = 9.475 kN
Taking moments about D

RB x 3.790 = 5 x 3.79 ² / 2
RB = 9.475 kN
RA + RB = 18.950 kN AND RA - RB = 0.0 kN

Live load reaction on the pier:
Case(i):
load moving in a direction away from the pier: = 1.895 t
Case(ii):
load moving in a direction towards the pier: = 1.895 t
III. Moment due to Frictional Force:

Dead load due to super structure:
Weight of slab = 4.280 x 0.100 x 1.950 x 2.5 = 2.087 t
Wt of wc = 4.280 x 0.100 x 1.500 x 2.5 = 1.605 t
Weight of kerbs = 2 x 4.280 x 0.225 x 0.875 x 2.5 = 4.213 t
Haunches = 2 x 4.280 x 0.500 x 0.023 x 2.5 = 21.400 t
Rg = 29.305 / 2 = 14.652 t
Friction Coefficient = 0.5
Frictional force = 0.5 x 14.652 = 7.326 t
Right side bearing resistance = 0.9 x 7.326 = 6.594 t
(10% variation from left side)
Unbalanced force = 7.326 - 6.594 = 0.73 t
Moment at top of foundation + 80.800
= 0.73 x 3.306 = 2.422 t-m
Moment at top of soil + 80.300
= 0.73 x 3.806 = 2.788 t-m
IV. Moment due to wind force:

Exposed height of Deck = 0.100 m
Wearing coat = 0.100 m
Hanuches = 0.100 m
Parapet Height = 0.600 m
1.
(a) The wind force on the bridge superstructure will be computed as per 212.2 of IRC:6 2000,
Height of hand railing = 0.600 m

Height on which the wind force acts = 0.100 + 0.100 + 0.600 = 0.800 m
Exposed height of pier over MWL = 84.106 - 83.706 = 0.400 m

Average height at centre of deck = 0.400 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 ) + 0.600 / 2 = 0.900 m
Exposed height of pier above TL = 84.106 - 81.870 = 2.236 m

Average height at centre of deck = 2.24 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 ) + 0.600 / 2 = 2.736 m
Case –1 :- MWL Condition :-

Exposed height of pier over MWL = + 84.106 - 83.706 = 0.400 m
Avg height at centre of deck = 0.400 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 ) + 0.600 / 2 = 0.900 m
where
Different heights & terrain factor (k = 0.78 (IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, Table no.33)
1 10.00 44.00 1.05 0.78 1.0286 37.07 824.36
2 15.00 44.00 1.05 0.82 1.0286 38.97 911.08
3 20.00 44.00 1.05 0.85 1.0286 40.39 978.96
4 30.00 44.00 1.05 0.88 1.0286 41.82 1049.29
5 50.00 44.00 1.05 0.93 1.0286 44.19 1171.91
6 100.00 44.00 1.05 0.99 1.0286 47.05 1328.00
MWL condition,for a height of 0.90 m, H= 0.900 m

Pz = 82.436 kg/m2
Case – 2 :- Trough Level Condition :-
Exposed height of pier above TL = + 84.106 - 81.870 = 2.236

Avg height at centre of deck = 2.24 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 ) + 0.600 / 2 = 2.736
PZ
for 0.900 m = 82.436 kg/sqm
for 2.736 m = 82.436 kg/sqm
= ( 0.100 + 0.100 ) + 0.600 / 2 x 4.280 )

= 2.140 m2
As per Cl. 209.3.3 of IRC:6-2010 ;The Transverse wind force is given by the formula
FT = PZ * At * CD * G
where, PZ = Hourly mean wind pressure in N/m2
A1 = Solid area in m2
G = Gust factor
CD = Drag coefficient depending upon the geometric shape of the Bridge Deck
CD = 1.3 (Table 5 of IRC:6-2010)

G = 2
For Stream Full Condition

This force acts at the centre of Area of pressure from le = 80.800
Therefore Lever arm from bottom of pier ie at level = + 80.800

= 3.306 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 + 0.300 ) / 2
= 3.556 m
Moment due to Wind Force at + 80.800 = 0.459 3.556
= 1.631 t-m
= 3.806 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 + 0.300 ) / 2
= 4.056

= 1.860 t-m
For Stream Empty Condition
= 3.306 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 + 0.300 ) / 2
= 3.556 m
= 1.631 t-m
Therefore Lever arm from bottom level of foundation i.e., at level +80.300
= 3.806 + ( 0.100 + 0.100 + 0.300 ) / 2
= 4.056 m
= 1.860 t-m
Stream Full condition

Moment due to wind force at + 80.800 = 1.631 t-m

IV. Moment due to water currents:

(a) In Stream flow direction:
As per clause 213.2 of IRC:6-2000 force due to water currents in the direction of canal flow is
given by:
p = 52 k V²
V = 1.414 v
= Q / A = 21.457 / 8.258 = 2.598 m/s
V = 1.414 x v = 1.414 x 2.598 = 3.674 m/s
p = 52 x 0.660 x 3.674 ² = = 463.326 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at TL = 0
Area of pier profile immersed in water = ( 1.000 + 1.387 )/2 x 2.906 = 3.469 m²
Total Pressure due to water currents = ( 463.326+ 0 )/2 x 1/1000 x 3.469

= 0.804 t
Water pressure is acting at h/3 from TL = 1/3 x 2.906 = 0.969 m
Depth of pier from TL to the foundation top = 1.070 m
Moment at + 80.800 = 0.8036 ( 0.969 + 1.070 ) = 1.638 t-m

Moment at + 80.300 = 0.8036 ( 0.969 + 1.070 + 0.500 ) = 2.040 t-m
Water force in road way direction due to 250mm difference in water levels between the opposite
faces of the pier. From clause 213.6 of IRC: 6-2000
250 mm
MWL + 83.706 0
1.836 + 83.456
1.586
TL + 81.870 + 81.870
+ 80.800
+ 80.300
Depth of flow in canal = 1.84 m
Average length of pier = ( 1.950 + 0.000 ) / 2

= 0.975 m
Depth of pier from CBL to the top of foundation = 1.07 m
Moment at + 80.800 = 1/2 x ( 1.836 ² ) ( 1.836 /3 + 1.07 ) x 0.975

M1 = 2.764 t-m
M2 = 1/2 x ( 1.586 ² ) (1.586 /3+ 1.07 ) x 0.975

= 1.960 t-m
M1 - M2 = 0.804 t-m
Moment at + 80.300 = 1/2 x ( 1.836 ² ) ( 1.836 /3 + 1.070 + 0.50 ) x 0.975
M1 = 3.586 t-m
M2 = 1/2 x ( 1.586 ² ) ( 1.586 /3 + 1.070 + 0.50 ) x 0.975

= 2.574 t-m
M1 - M2 = 1.012 t-m

Moments due to friction force + water currents
Case(I) = 2.422 + 0.804 = 3.226 t-m
Case(II) = 2.422 + 0.804 = 3.226 t-m
B) at + 80.300 ( on soil)
Moments due to friction force + water currents
Case(I) = 2.788 + 1.012 = 3.801 t-m
Case(II) = 2.788 + 1.012 = 3.801 t-m
Stream Empty condition

Moments due to friction force
Case(I) = 2.422 = 2.422 t-m
Case(II) = 2.422 = 2.422 t-m
B) at + 80.300 ( on soil)
Moments due to friction force
Case(I) = 2.788 = 2.788 t-m
Case(II) = 2.788 = 2.788 t-m
Total moments in Stream flow direction:

Moments due to wind force + water currents
Case(I) = 1.631 + 1.638 = 3.269 t-m
Case(II) = 1.631 + 1.638 = 3.269 t-m
B) at + 80.300 ( on soil)
Case(I) = 1.860 + 2.040 = 3.901 t-m
Case(II) = 1.860 + 2.040 = 3.901 t-m

Moments due to wind force
Case(I) = 1.631 = 1.631 t-m
Case(II) = 1.631 = 1.631 t-m
B) at + 80.300 ( on soil)
Case(I) = 1.860 = 1.860 t-m
Case(II) = 1.860 = 1.860 t-m
Weight of bed block = 1.95 x 0.30 x 1.00 x 2.5 = 1.463 t

= ( 1.00 + 1.000 ) /2 x 2.91 x 1.000 x 2.500 = 7.265 t
= p/4( ( 1.0 ² + 1.0 ² ) )/2 x 2.906 x 2.500 = 5.706 t

= ( 1.000 + 1.00 ) / 2 x 2.906 x 1.000 x 1.5 = 4.359 t
= p/4( 1.000 ² + 1.000 ² )/2 x 2.906 x 1.0 = 2.282 t

= 7.265 + 5.706 + 1.463 - ( 4.359 + 2.282 ) = 7.792 t


Case(1) = 7.792 + 1.895 + 29.305 = 38.992 t
Case(II) = 7.792 + 1.895 + 29.305 = 38.992 t
Case(1) = 14.433 + 1.895 + 29.305 = 45.633 t
Case(II) = 14.433 + 1.895 + 29.305 = 45.633 t
Weight of foundation = 3.950 x 2.000 x 0.500 x 2.500 = 9.875

= 9.875 / ( 2.500 x 1.40 ) = 5.530 t
Therefore direct loads at + 80.300
Case( I ) = 38.992 + 5.530 = 44.522 t
Case(II) = 38.992 + 5.530 = 44.522 t
Case( I ) = 45.633 + 9.875 = 55.508 t
Case(II) = 45.633 + 9.875 = 55.508 t
At the base of the pier i.e. at + 80.800 2

Area (a) = 1.000 x 2.906 +p/4 x ( 0.50 ) = 3.102 Sqm
Equivalent length of pier 2
= 1.000 + [ p/4 x ( 0.500 ) / 0.50 ] = 1.393 m
Section modulus:
Zxx = 1.393 x 2.906 2
/ 6 = 1.960 m3
Zyy = 2.906 x 1.393 2
/ 6 = 0.939 m3

Area (a) = 3.950 x 2.000 = 7.900 Sqm
Section modulus:
Zyy = 3.950 x 2.000 2
/ 6 = 2.633 m3
Zxx = 2.000 x 3.950 2
/ 6 = 5.201 m3

CASE (I) 38.992 3.226 3.269

= --------- + ------------ + ------------
3.102 1.960 0.939
= 12.568 + 1.646 + 3.480
CASE (II) = 38.992 3.226 3.269

------------ + ------------ + ------------
3.102 1.960 0.939
= 12.568434 + 1.646 + 3.480

CASE (I) 44.522 3.801 3.901

= ------------ + ------------ + ------------
7.900 2.633 5.201
= 5.636 + 1.443 + 0.750
CASE (II) 44.522 3.801 3.901

= ------------ + ------------ + ------------
7.900 2.633 5.201
= 5.636 + 1.443 + 0.750
Details MIN.
MAX. STRESS t/sq.m. STRESS
t/sq.m.
Stress in Concrete:
Stress on Soil:

CASE (I) 45.633 2.422 1.860

= ------------ + ------------ + ------------
3.102 1.960 0.939
= 14.709 + 1.236 + 1.980
CASE (II) 45.633 2.422 1.860

= ------------ + ------------ + ------------
3.102 1.960 0.939
= 14.709188 + 1.236 + 1.980

CASE (I) 55.508 2.788 1.860
= ------------ + ------------ + ------------
7.900 2.633 5.201
= 7.027 + 1.059 + 0.358
CASE (II) 55.508 2.788 1.860

= ------------ + ------------ + ------------
7.900 2.633 5.201
= 7.026 + 1.059 + 0.358
Details MAX. MIN.

STRESS STRESS
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Stress in Concrete:
Stress on Soil:
SUBJECT : DESIGN OF FOOT BRIDGE ABUTMENT
CHAINAGE : Km : 5.085
Details of the deck

1 Carriage width = 1.500 m
2 Bottom width of deck = 1.500 m
3 Thickness of the deck = 0.100 m
4 Thickness of wearing coat = 0.075 m
5 Height of parapet = 0.600 m
6 Width of parapet = 0.225 m
7 Length of abutment = 1.950 m
8 Haunches = 0.100 m
10.2.1 Loads on Abutments

I) Deck = 4.040 x 1.500 x 0.100 x 2.500 = 1.515 t
Ii) Wearing coat = 4.040 x 1.500 x 0.075 x 2.500 = 1.136 t
Iii) Parapet = 4.040 x 0.225 x 0.600 x 2.500 = 2.727 t
V) Haunches = 4.040 x 0.100 x 0.225 x 2.500 = 0.455 t
Total = 5.83 t
Dead load on abutment = 5.833
2
= 2.916 t
10.2.2 Live Load Reaction:

400 Kg/m2
A B
3.670
Taking moments about - B

TA x 3.670 = 0.4 x 3.670 x 3.670 / 2
= 2.694
= 2.694 = 0.734 t
3.670
Total load per length of the abutment

= 2.916 + 0.73 = 1.872 t
1.950
6.6.0 Frictional Load:

As per Clause 211.5.1.1 of IRC 6 : 2010 the coefficient of friction for concrete over concrete
with bitumen layer in between is
Frictional force = 0.5 x dead load
= 0.500 x 2.916
= 1.458 t
125
Frictonal force/m width = 1.458 = 0.748 t

1.950
Section ( 4 – 4)
0.02 + 84.281
W3 + 84.206
W2 0.49 + 84.106 BOD
+ 83.731 Bed block level
W7 W6
W5 MFL + 83.706
2.83 W4 1.861
+ 81.870 Trough sill level
1.0
0.4 1.50 1.00 0.4 + 80.900
A 2.5
0.6
W8 + 80.300
B 3.3
Taking moments about A

W1 As Calculated 1.872 2.255 4.221
W2 0.510 x 0.375 x 2.500 0.478 2.000 0.956
W3 0.175 x 0.490 x 2.500 0.214 1.745 0.374
W4 2.831 x 1.000 x 2.500 7.078 2.000 14.155
W5 0.5 3.381 x 1.500 x 2.500 6.339 1.000 6.339
W6 0.5 3.381 x 1.500 x 2.000 5.072 0.500 2.536
Pv 0.0395 x 4.031 x 1.200 x 2.000 1.170
Ph 0.1580 x 4.031 x 1.200 x 2.000 4.68 1.352 6.33
Ff Frictional force 0.748 3.206 2.397
∑V= 22.223 ∑M= 34.911
lever arm = 34.911 = 1.571 m

22.223
e = 1.571 - 1.25 = 0.321 m
Allowable e = 0.417 > 0.321 HENCE OK
Stress in concrete =
22.223 1 + 6 0.321 )
2.5 2.5
= 8.889 ( 1 + 0.770 )
Max = 15.736 t/m2

Min = 2.042 t/m2
126

W1 As calculated 1.872 2.655 4.970
W2 As calculated 0.478 2.400 1.148
W3 As calculated 0.214 2.145 0.460
W4 As calculated 7.078 2.400 16.986
W5 As calculated 6.339 1.400 8.875
W6 As calculated 5.072 0.900 4.564
W7 3.381 x 0.300 x 2.000 2.029 0.200 0.406
W8 0.600 x 3.300 x 2.500 4.950 1.650 8.167
Pv 0.0395 x 5.181 x 1.200 x 2.000 2.007
Ph 0.1580 x 5.181 x 1.200 x 2.000 8.027 1.592 12.783
Ff As calculated 0.748 3.806 2.846
∑V= 30.038 ∑M= 58.359
lever arm = 58.359 = 1.943 m

30.038
e = 0.293 m
Allowable e = 3.3 = 0.550 > 0.293 m
6 HENCE OK
Stress on soil = 30.038 1 + 6 0.293 )

3.3 3.3
= 9.103 ( 1 + 0.533 )
Max = 13.952 t/m2

Min = 4.253 t/m2
127
SUBJECT : DESIGN OF WINGS WALL SECTIONS
unit wt of concrete = 2.500 t/cum GL U/S = + 85.429

unit wt of earth = 2.000 t/cum GL D/S = + 81.875
1.0 DESIGN OF HORIZONTAL WING WALL & RETURN WALL : U/S Section (1-1 & 2-2 )
+84.281
W3
W4 W1 2.581
W2
0.40 A 1.20 0.5 0.4 +81.700

0.5 W5 1.7
B +81.200
2.50
Taking Moments about (A)

Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.230 1.450 4.684
W2 0.5 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.900 0.800 3.120
W3 0.5 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.00 3.097 0.400 1.239
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 2.581 ^2 0.526 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 2.581 ^2 2.105 1.032 2.173
∑V 10.753 ∑M 11.216
Lever arm = 11.22 / 10.753 = 1.043 m
Eccentricity = 1.043 - 0.85 = 0.193 m
allowable 'e' (b/6) = 0.283 m > 0.193 HENCE OK
stresses = 10.75 (1 + 6 x 0.193 )

1.70 1.700
= 6.33 x (1 + 0.681 )
Max compressive stress = 10.634 t/m2

Min compressive stress = 2.017 t/m2
Taking Moments about (B)

Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.226 1.850 5.969
W2 0.5 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.872 1.200 4.646
W3 0.5 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.00 3.097 0.800 2.478
W4 x 0.400 x 2.581 x 2.00 2.065 0.200 0.413
W5 2.500 x 0.500 x 2.50 3.125 1.250 3.906
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 3.081 ^2 0.750 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 3.081 ^2 3.000 1.232 3.697
∑V 16.135 ∑M 21.108
Lever arm = 21.11 / 16.135 = 1.308 m
125
Eccentricity = 1.308 - 1.25 = 0.058 m
stresses = 16.135 (1 + 6 x 0.058 )

2.50 2.50
= 6.454 (1 + 0.140 )

2.0 DESIGN OF SLOPED WING WALL at JUNCTION OF FOOT BRIDGE : U/S Section (3 -3 )
+84.281
W3
W4 W1 2.581
W2
0.40 A 1.20 0.5 0.4 +81.700

0.5 W5 1.7
B +81.200
2.50

Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.230 1.450 4.684
W2 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.900 0.800 3.120
W3 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.00 3.097 0.400 1.239
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 2.581 ^2 0.526 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 2.581 ^2 2.105 1.032 2.173
∑V 10.753 ∑M 11.216
Lever arm = 11.22 / 10.753 = 1.043 m

Eccentricity = 1.043 - 0.85 = 0.193 m
stresses = 10.75 (1 + 6 x 0.193 )

1.70 1.700
= 6.33 x (1 + 0.681 )


Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.226 1.850 5.969
126
W2 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.50 3.872 1.200 4.646

W3 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.581 x 2.00 3.097 0.800 2.478
W4 x 0.400 x 2.581 x 2.00 2.065 0.200 0.413
W5 x 2.500 x 0.500 x 2.50 3.125 1.250 3.906
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 3.081 ^2 0.750 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 3.081 ^2 3.000 1.232 3.697
∑V 16.135 ∑M 21.108
Lever arm = 21.11 / 16.135 = 1.308 m
Eccentricity = 1.308 - 1.25 = 0.058 m
stresses = 16.135 (1 + 6 x 0.058 )

2.50 2.50
= 6.454 (1 + 0.140 )

3.0 DESIGN OF WING WALL BESIDE TROUGH U/S Section (5-5 )

+83.470
W3
W4 W1 1.770
W2
0.40 A 1.00 0.5 0.4 +81.700

0.5 W5 1.5
B +81.200
2.30
Force L.A. Moment

Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 1.770 x 2.50 2.210 1.250 2.763
W2 0.50 x 1.000 x 1.770 x 2.50 2.200 0.667 1.467
W3 0.50 x 1.000 x 1.770 x 2.00 1.770 0.333 0.590
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 1.770 ^2 0.247 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 1.770 ^2 0.990 0.708 0.701
∑V 6.427 ∑M 5.520
Lever arm = 5.52 / 6.427 = 0.859 m

Eccentricity = 0.859 - 0.75 = 0.109 m
stresses = 6.43 (1 + 6 x 0.109 )
1.50 1.500
127
= 4.28 x (1 + 0.435 )

Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 1.770 x 2.50 2.213 1.650 3.651
W2 0.50 x 1.000 x 1.770 x 2.50 2.213 1.067 2.360
W3 0.50 x 1.000 x 1.770 x 2.00 1.770 0.733 1.298
W4 x 0.400 x 1.770 x 2.00 1.416 0.200 0.283
W5 x 2.300 x 0.500 x 2.50 2.875 1.150 3.306
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 2.270 ^2 0.407 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 2.270 ^2 1.628 0.908 1.479
∑V 10.893 ∑M 12.377
Lever arm = 12.38 / 10.893 = 1.136 m
Eccentricity = 1.136 - 1.15 = 0.014 m

stresses = 10.893 (1 + 6 x 0.014 )

2.30 2.30
= 4.736 (1 + 0.036 )

4.0 DESIGN OF WING WALL BESIDE TROUGH D/S Section (7 – 7)
+83.470
W3
W4 W1
W2 1.770
0.40 A 0.90 0.5 0.4 +81.700

0.5 W5 1.4
B +81.200
2.200
Force L.A. Moment

Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 1.770 x 2.50 2.210 1.150 2.542
W2 0.50 x 0.900 x 1.770 x 2.50 2.000 0.600 1.200
W3 0.50 x 0.900 x 1.770 x 2.00 1.593 0.300 0.478
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 1.770 ^2 0.247 - -
128
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 1.770 ^2 0.990 0.708 0.701

∑V 6.050 ∑M 4.920
Lever arm = 4.92 / 6.050 = 0.813 m
Eccentricity = 0.813 - 0.70 = 0.113 m

stresses = 6.05 (1 + 6 x 0.113 )

1.40 1.400
= 4.32 x (1 + 0.485 )


Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 1.770 x 2.50 2.213 1.550 3.429
W2 0.50 x 0.900 x 1.770 x 2.50 1.991 1.000 1.991
W3 0.50 x 0.900 x 1.770 x 2.00 1.593 0.700 1.115
W4 x 0.400 x 1.770 x 2.00 1.416 0.200 0.283
W5 x 2.200 x 0.500 x 2.50 2.75 1.100 3.025
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 2.270 ^2 0.407 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 2.270 ^2 1.628 0.908 1.479
∑V 10.370 ∑M 11.322
Lever arm = 11.32 / 10.370 = 1.092 m
Eccentricity = 1.092 - 1.10 = 0.008 m

stresses = 10.370 (1 + 6 x 0.008 )

2.20 2.20
= 4.714 (1 + 0.022 )

5.0 DESIGN OF SLOPED WING WALL AT THE JUNCTION OF ROAD BRIDGE : D/S Section (9-9)
+83.992
W3 W1
2.292
W4 W2
0.4 A 1.200 0.50 0.4 +81.700

0.5 W5 1.7
B +81.200
129
2.500

Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 2.292 x 2.50 2.870 1.450 4.162
W2 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.292 x 2.50 3.400 0.800 2.720
W3 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.292 x 2.00 2.750 0.400 1.100
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 2.292 ^2 0.415 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 2.292 ^2 1.660 0.9168 1.522
∑V 9.435 ∑M 9.503
Lever arm = 9.50 / 9.435 = 1.007 m
Eccentricity = 1.007 - 0.85 = 0.157 m
stresses = 9.435 (1 + 6 x 0.157 )

1.700 1.70
= 5.55 x (1 + 0.555 )


Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 2.292 x 2.50 2.865 1.850 5.300
W2 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.292 x 2.50 3.438 1.200 4.126
W3 0.50 x 1.200 x 2.292 x 2.00 2.750 0.800 2.200
W4 x 0.400 x 2.292 x 2.00 1.834 0.200 0.367
W5 x 2.500 x 0.500 x 2.50 3.125 1.250 3.906
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 2.792 ^2 0.616 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 2.792 ^2 2.463 1.1168 2.751
∑V 14.628 ∑M 18.650
Lever arm = 18.65 / 14.628 = 1.275 m
Eccentricity = 1.275 - 1.25 = 0.025 m

stresses = 14.628 x (1 + 6 x 0.025 )

2.50 2.50
= 5.851 x (1 + 0.060 )
130
6.0 DESIGN OF WING WALL & RETURN WALL : D/S Section (10-10 & 11-11)
+83.599
W3 W1
1.899
W4 W2
0.4 A 0.900 0.50 0.4 +81.700

W5 1.4
0.5
B +81.200
2.200

Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.500 x 1.899 x 2.50 2.370 1.150 2.726
W2 0.50 x 0.900 x 1.899 x 2.50 2.100 0.600 1.260
W3 0.50 x 0.900 x 1.899 x 2.00 1.709 0.300 0.513
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 1.899 ^2 0.285 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 1.899 ^2 1.140 0.7596 0.866
∑V 6.464 ∑M 5.364
Lever arm = 5.36 / 6.464 = 0.830 m

Eccentricity = 0.830 - 0.70 = 0.130 m
stresses = 6.464 (1 + 6 x 0.130 )

1.400 1.40
= 4.62 x (1 + 0.556 )


Force L.A. Moment
Load Particulars
V H
W1 x 0.900 x 1.899 x 2.50 4.273 1.550 6.623
W2 0.50 x 0.500 x 1.899 x 2.50 1.187 1.000 1.187
W3 0.50 x 0.500 x 1.899 x 2.00 0.950 0.700 0.665
W4 x 0.400 x 1.899 x 2.00 1.519 0.200 0.304
W5 x 2.200 x 0.500 x 2.50 2.75 1.100 3.025
Pv 0.0395 x 2.000 x 2.399 ^2 0.455 - -
Ph 0.1580 x 2.000 x 2.399 ^2 1.819 0.9596 1.745
∑V 11.133 ∑M 13.548
Lever arm = 13.55 / 11.133 = 1.217 m
131
Eccentricity = 1.217 - 1.10 = 0.117 m

stresses = 11.133 x (1 + 6 x 0.117 )

2.20 2.20
= 5.060 x (1 + 0.319 )

Max Min
Sl STRESS TABLE
t/m2 t/m2
HORIZONTAL WING WALL & RETURN WALL : concrete 10.634 2.017
1.0
U/S soil 7.356 5.552
Section (1-1 & 2-2 )
SLOPED WING WALL at JUNCTION OF FOOT concrete 10.634 2.017
2.0
BRIDGE : U/S soil 7.356 5.552
Section (3 -3 )
concrete 6.150 2.420
3.0 WING WALL BESIDE TROUGH U/S
soil 4.907 4.565
Section (5-5 )
4.0 WING WALL BESIDE TROUGH D/S
soil 4.818 4.609
Section (7 – 7)
SLOPED WING WALL AT THE JUNCTION OF concrete 8.630 2.470
5.0
ROAD BRIDGE : D/S soil 6.202 5.500
Section (9-9)
6.0 WING WALL & RETURN WALL : D/S
soil 6.675 3.446
Section (10-10 & 11-11)
132
Job : DESIGN OF SUPER PASSAGE
Subject : DESIGN OF RETURNS Chainage : Km : 5.085
8.1 DESIGN OF RETURN & PARAPET

0.3 +84.817
W1
0.225 +84.217
+83.992 +83.942
W4 W2
W5 W3
3.392 +80.600
0.3 2.300 0.525 0.3 +80.600

0.3 A 2.825 W6 +80.300
B
3.425
Input:- unit wt of concrete = 2.5 t/m3 From IRC 6- 2014 clause 203.
unit wt of earth = 2.0 t/m3
Taking Moments about A

Particulars Force
Load LA Moment
W1 0.600 x 0.300 x 2.500 0.450 2.675 1.204
W2 3.617 x 0.525 x 2.500 4.747 2.563 12.165
W3 0.50 x 3.392 x 2.300 x 2.500 9.752 1.533 14.953
W4 0.50 x 3.392 x 2.300 x 2.000 7.802 0.767 5.981
Pv 0.0395 ( 4.592² - 1.20²) x 2.000 1.552
Ph 0.1580 ( 4.592² - 1.20²) x 2.000 6.208 1.357 8.423
∑V= 24.303 ∑M= 42.726
lever arm = 42.726

24.303
= 1.758 m
e = 1.758 - 2.83 / 2
= 0.346 m
allowable eccentricity = 2.83
6
= 0.47 > 0.346 HENCE OK
Stresses in concrete = 24.303 ( 1 + 6 x 0.346 )

2.83 2.83
= 8.603 ( 1 + 0.734 )
Max = 14.917 t/m2
Min = 2.289 t/m2

Particulars Force
Load LA Moment
Length Breadth Density V H
W1 As calculated 0.450 2.975 1.339
W2 As calculated 4.747 2.863 13.589
W3 As calculated 9.752 1.833 17.879
W4 As calculated 7.802 1.067 8.322
W5 3.392 x 0.300 x 2.000 2.035 0.150 0.305
W6 0.300 x 3.425 x 2.500 2.569 1.713 4.399
Pv 0.0395 ( 4.892² - 1.20²) x 2.000 1.777
Ph 0.1580 ( 4.892² - 1.20²) x 2.000 7.107 1.477 10.496
∑V = 29.132 ∑M= 56.329
Lever arm = 56.329

29.132
= 1.934 m
eccentricity = 1.934 - 3.43 /2
= 0.221
allowable 'e' = 3.43
6
= 0.571 > 0.22 HENCE OK
Stress on soil = 29.132 ( 1 + 6 x 0.221 )

3.43 3.43
= 8.506 ( 1 + 0.387 )
Max = 11.797 t/m2

Min = 5.214 t/m2
Abstract of Stresses
Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Stress in Concrete 14.92 2.29 Compressive stress
Stress on soil 11.80 5.21 Compressive stress
BABU JAGEEVAN RAM UTTARANDHRA SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT
Job :
Subject : DESIGN OF RCC PIER AND FOOTING
8.300
+ 81.530 0.35
+ 81.180
1.20
+ 79.980
+ 69.005 FSL
-0.35 9.00 -0.35

10.5 16.68
0.75 0.75
+ 64.855 CBL
+ 63.300 1.8 1.8

0 0.8
+ 62.500 0
14.0
DETAIL OF PIER & FOUNDATION
4.500
1.500
14.000
PLAN
HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS :-
1 Design Discharge of canal = 163.032 Cumecs
2 Effective Linear Water Way @ FSL = 49.950 m
3 Maximum Mean Velocity of Flow at FSL V = 0.898 m/sec.
4 Full Supply Level FSL = + 69.005 m
5 Afflux h = 1.5 m
6 Scour Level = + 63.025 m
7 Foundation level Pier = + 62.500 m
8 Safe Bearing Capacity as per the strata. = 25.0 t/m2
DESIGN DATA :-
1 Number of Spans = 7 no's
2 Clear span of piers = 13.00 m
49
3 Span c/c. of Piers (Length of trough per span) = 13.988 m
4 Effective span length = 13.488 m
5 Total width of trough = 8.300 m
6 Trough Width = 6.900 m
7 Width of side wall = 0.350
8 Height of side wall = 2.040
9 Skew of the Bridge = 0.000 deg.
Cos q = 1.0 Sin q = 0.0
11 Bottom of Trough = + 81.530 m
12 Trough sill level = FSL + Slab Thickness + W.C = RFL = = + 81.870 m
13 Thickness of trough slab = 0.300 m
14 Thickness of Sealing Coat ( PCC M30 Grade concrete ) = 0.040 m
15 Top of RCC Footing .i.e., Bottom of Pier = + 63.300 m
16 Thickness of Footing = 0.800 m
17 Scour levels for Pier = + 63.025 m
18 Bottom of Foundations = + 62.500 m
19 Linear waterway provided for Right Crossing = 49.950 m
20 Max. mean Velocity of water flow at FSL = 0.898 m/sec
21 RCC Pier thickness = 1.500 m
22 Bearing width = 0.494 m
23 Unit Weight of RCC = 2.500 t/m3
24 Unit Weight of PCC = 2.500 t/m3
( I ) DEAD LOADS :-
(i) Calculation of Vertical Loads from Superstructure :-
Span C/C of bearings = 13.488 m
Thickness of Expansion Joints = 12 mm
Total length = Clear Span + ( 2 x Bearing Width )
= 13.000 + 0.988
= 13.988 m
Dead Load on Pier = 298.96 t (From abutment loading calculations)
(ii) Dead weight of Sub Structure :

(a) Dead weight of caping beam
8.300 1.500 m
81.530 0.35
1.20
79.980
10.50 1.500
-0.35 9.00 -0.350000000000001
Caping Beam Section
50
Area of Caping beam = ( 8.300 x 1.500 ) + ( 8.650 x 1.500 ) = 25.43 m²
Wt of Rectangular portion = 8.300 x 1.50 x 0.35 x 2.50 = 10.89375 t
Wt of Tapered portion = 8.300 + 9.00

x 1.50 x 1.20 x 2.50 = 38.925 t
2
Total Weight = 49.81875 t
0.75 9.00 0.75
1.500
Plan of Pier
(b) Dead Weight of pier

Size of Pier = 9.00 x 1.500 with Semi-circular cut waters.
Top of hammer head = 81.530 m
Bottom of Caping Beam = 79.980 m
Bottom of Pier = 63.300 m
FSL = 69.005 m
Height of Pier = 79.980 - 63.300 = 16.680 m
Area of Pier = 0.393 x 1.500 x 1.500 = 1.767 m2

+ 9.0 x 1.500 = 13.500 m2
Total Area of Pier = 1.767 + 13.500 = 15.267 m2
Weight of Pier :-
Dry = 15.27 x 16.68 x 2.50 = 636.64 t
100% Buoyancy = 636.64 - ( 15.27 x 5.71 x 1.00 ) = 549.54 t
In case of submergence 100% Buoyancy
= 636.64 - ( 15.27 x 5.71 x 1.00 ) x 0.15
= 623.58 t
c ) Dead Weight of footing :
Size of Footing = 14.000 m X 4.500 m
Thickness Footing = 0.800 m
Area of Footing = 14.00 x 4.500 = 63.000 sqm
Wt of Rectangular portion = 63.00 x 0.800 x 2.500 = ###
Hence, the weight of footing without buoyancy = ###
Volume of footing = ( 4.50 x 0.800 ) x 14.000

= ( 3.60 14.0000 = 50.400 m3
Weight of Footing: =
Dry = 50.400 x 2.500 = 126.000 t
15% Buoyancy = 50.400 x 2.350 = 118.440 t
100% Buoyancy = 50.400 x 1.500 = 75.600 t
51
Pier Width
9.00 1.500
10.50
14.00 0.75 0.75 0
0 4.500
0.8
0.8
14.000 4.500
A Eccentricities :-
Bearing width = 0.744
0.75 0.750
a). Dead load Eccentricity :-

Along Traffic (Longitudinal ) = 0.750 m - 0.372 - 0.012
= 0.372 m
II) . WATER CURRENT : ( IRC:6-2014 Cl.210)
Presumed to be hitting the Pier at 20 degrees to flow. (As per IRC:6-2014 Cl.210.5)
Shape factor for pier with semi circular ends K = 0.660
Design velocity of Water Current v = 0.898 m / s
Max. Velocity of water @ FSL V = 2^(1/2) v = 1.270 m/s
The Intensity of Pressure on Pier “P” = 52K*V2 = 55.350 kg/m2
As per Clause 210.5 of IRC:6-2014 the variation in the current direction should be taken as 200
Intensity of water pressure parallel to pier
55.35 x Cos20 = 52.01 kg/m2
Intensity of water pressure perpendicular to pier
55.35 x Sin20 = 18.93 kg/m2
Depth of water level = 5.71 m
FSL +69.005
4.150
Bed level +64.855
2.355
Foundation lvl. +62.500
52
a. Water Current Force in longitudinal direction
Intensity of pressure @ Pier bottom level = 6.854 kg/m2
i. Due to Rectangle = 6.854 x 9.000 x 4.150 = 255.979 kg
ii. Due to Triangle = 12.077 x 9.000 x 4.150 = 225.544 kg
Total Force = i + ii = 481.522 kg
b. Water Current Force in transverse direction

Moments due to Water current : at top of Footing

Longitudinal = ( 255.979 x 0.5x4.2) + ( 225.544 x 0.67 x 4.150 ) = 1.155 t-m
Transverse = ( 117.216 x 0.5x4.2) + ( 103.279 x 0.67 x 4.150 ) = 0.529 t-m
Moments due to Water current : at bottom of Footing

Longitudinal = 481.522 x ( 4.150 + 0.800 ) = 2.384 t-m
Transverse = 220.495 x ( 4.150 + 0.800 ) = 1.091 t-m
III) . WIND FORCE :- ( As per IRC:6-2014, Cl. 209)
CBL = +64.855 m
FSL = +69.005 m
Sill level = +81.870 m
Bottom of trough = +81.530 m
trough Length = 13.988 m
Wind force on trough :
Height of Side wall = 2.040
Thickness of trough slab + Sealing coat = 0.340
Wind force acts at half the Sidewall Height = 1.020 m
Height above on which wind force acts = 0.340 + 1.020
= 1.360 m
Area of super structure acted upon by wind = ( 0.340 + 1.020 ) x 13.988

press = 19.024 m 2
Area of sub structure acted upon by wind = ( 1.500 x 18.230 )

press = 27.345 m2
As per IRC 6-2014 , clause 209.3.3, Transverse Wind Force FT = PZ x A x G x CD

Where,
PZ = Hourly Wind Pressure in N/m2
A= The Solid Area Exposed to Wind
G= Gust Factor = 2.0
CD = Drag Coefficient depending on Geometric shape of Bridge
For Super Structure CD = 1.1
For Live Load CD = 1.2
53
For Sub Structure (Semi Circular) H/b = 11.12 , t/b = 6.00 > 4
CD = 0.8 (Table 6, IRC 6-2014)
Calculation of wind pressure by Gust Factor Method

(As per IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, cl.8.2.1)
Depending on the project Location( Mahbubnagar, Telangana ,India)
wind speed (Vb) = 44.00 m/sec
where,

Height Vb k1 k2 k3 Vz Pz
Upto 10.00 44.00 1.05 0.78 1.0286 37.07 824.36
15.00 44.00 1.05 0.82 1.0286 38.97 911.08
20.00 44.00 1.05 0.85 1.0286 40.39 978.96
30.00 44.00 1.05 0.88 1.0286 41.82 1049.29
50.00 44.00 1.05 0.93 1.0286 44.19 1171.91
100.00 44.00 1.05 0.99 1.0286 47.05 1328.00
1 . FSL CONDITION :
Wind force on Superstructure
Exposed height of pier above FSL = 12.525 m
Average height at centre of trough (FSL) = 13.885 m
Therefore Pz = 91.108 kg/m2
Transverse Wind Force on each pier FT = 1.907 t
Longitudinal Wind Force (25% of trans. Force) = 0.477 t
Wind force on Sub structure

On Superstructure
Lever arm from top of foundation i.e., at = 18.230 + 1.360
= 19.59 m
Lever arm from bottom of foundation at = 19.030 + 1.360
= 20.39 m
54
On Sub Structure
Lever arm from top of foundation i.e., at = 18.230 m
= 18.230 m
Lever arm from bottom of foundation at = 19.030 m
= 19.030 m
Moments due to wind force at top of footing
Longitudinal = (0.477 x 19.59) + (0.498 x 18.23) = 18.423 t-m
Transverse = (1.9065 x 19.59) + (1.993 x 18.23) = 73.681 t-m
Moments due to wind force at bottom of footing

Transverse = (1.9065 x 20.39) + (1.993 x 19.03) = 76.800 t-m
2 . CBL CONDITION :
Exposed height of pier above CBL = 16.675 m
Average height at centre of trough (CBL) = 18.035 m

Average height at center of trough = 16.675 m
On Superstructure
= 19.59 m
= 20.39 m
On Sub Structure
= 18.230 m
= 19.030 m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 19.59) + (1.993 x 18.23) = 73.681 t-m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 20.39) + (19.03 x 1.993) = 76.800 t-m
55
IV . TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
1 Effects of water currents is same as calculated as before (As per Cl. 215 of IRC:6-2014 )
2 Temperature effect
Thermal Expansion = 12 x 10 -6 /deg. C

Variation in the temperature = 20 deg. (Cl. 215.4, IRC:6-2014 )
Expansion / Contraction of span = 1.20E-05 x 2 x 20 x 13.988 x 100

= 0.671 cm
Force generated @ each bearing = G * A *( D/t )

where,
G = shear modulus = 1.000 kg/cm2
A = Area of Bearing = 490.0 cm2
D = Variation in length = 0.671 cm
t = Thk of Bearing Layer = 10.000 cm
Force = 32.900 kgs
= 0.033 t
B.M Due To Temperature Effect :
At Top of Foundation = 0.033 x ( 81.530 - 63.300 ) = 0.602 t-m
At Bottom of Foundation = 0.033 x ( 81.530 - 62.500 ) = 0.628 t-m
V) EARTHQUAKE LOAD CALCULATIONS

Seismic coefficient method :
Horizontal seismic co efficient αh = β I αo
β = 1
Importance factor I = 1.5
αo = 0.02 ( Zone – II )
αh = 0.03
vertical seismic coefficient may be taken as
αv = (1/2)αh
= 0.015
Total load from Super Structure = 298.959 t (Two spans laid)

Total load from Super Structure = 91.569 t (One spans laid)
Self Wt. Of Pier cap = 49.819 t
Self Wt. Of Pier = 636.640 t
Type of force V(t) L.A.(m) Long. Long.(t-m)

Pier Cap major Rec. portion 10.894 0.175 1.9064
Pier Cap minor Rec. portion 40.500 0.950 38.4750
Pier Cap Triangular portion -1.575 0.750 -1.1813
PIER 636.640 9.890 6296.369
6335.570
56
Lever arm = ΣM
ΣW
= 9.229m (From top of Pier cap)
= 9.001m (From Bottom of Pier cap)
SEISMIC MOMENT AT THE TOP OF THE FOOTING :
Two Spans Laid :

Total Seismic moment in Longitudinal Direction = 266.1 t-m
Total Seismic moment in Transverse Direction = 133.0 t-m
One Span Laid :
SEISMIC MOMENT AT THE BOTTOM OF THE FOOTING :
Two Spans Laid :

One Span Laid :
(VI) DESIGN OF CAPING BEAM :-

8.300
+ 81.530
0.35
+ 81.180 -L1 = 0.668
D = 1.55
1.20
+ 79.980
0.432 0.318
9.00 1.500
-0.35 -0.35 0.75 0.75
4.5 4.5 0.35

1.55
1.500
Center of Gravity of Semi circular Cut waters = ( 0.5756 R )

= 0.5756 x 0.750 = 0.432 m
Check for CORBEL: PIER
D = 1.550 m
L1 = -0.668 m;
L1/D = -0.668 -= 0.431 < 1.00
1.550
57
Calculation of Cantilever Moments about C.G. of Cut-waters :
Moments Due to :
1. Dead Load from Super structure = 298.96 = 298.959 t
Load per m run = 298.959 / 8.300 = 36.019 t/m
Cantilever Moment = 36.019 x 0.223 = 8.044 t-m
2. Weight of caping Beam :- (Cantilever)

a) Rectangular
Weight = 1.50 x 0.35 x -( 0.350 - 0.318 ) x 2.50
= -0.877 t
Moment = -0.88 x -0.668/2
= 0.293 t-m
b) Taper section
Weight = 1.20 - x 0.668 x 1.500 x 2.50 = -1.504 t
2
Moment = -1.504 x -( 0.350 - 0.318 ) / 3
= 0.016 t-m
Total cantilever moment (M) = 8.044 + 0.016 + 0.293

= 8.352 t-m
Total Design Cantilever Moment = 8.352

= 8.352 t-m
Calculation of Resisting Moment :-
The allowable stresses in Concrete :
Direct Compression = 60 kg/cm2.
Bending Stress fc = 85 kg/cm2.
k = 0.329
j = 0.890
Q = 12.463
The allowable Steel Stress :

Tensile stress fs = 1900 kg/cm2.
Percentage of Reinforcement p = 0.30% min. (Cl.710.3.2 IRC:78:2000)
Modular Ratio m = 10.98
Depth of section available with 40mm cover and 32 mm Tor. bars

d = 155 - 4 - 2
= 149.40 cm
Width of section b = 100.00 cm
Resisting Moment = Q x b x d2
= 12.463 x 100 x 149.4 ^2
Resisting Moment = 278.17 t-m > 8.352 t-m
Hence provided depth of section is Safe
58
Calculation of Reinforcement :-
Area of Steel for Caping Beam Cantilever :-
for -ve Moment 8.352 x 10^5
=
1900 x 0.890 x 149.4
= 3.305 cm 2
Works out to be 1 Nos. 32 mm Tor.
Minimum steel @ 0.2% - ( Cl. 305.19 of IRC:21-2000)

= 0.2 -x 35.00 x 155.0
100
= -10.850 cm2
So provide 2 Nos. 32 mm Tor. of area 16.085 cm2

10 Nos of 12 mm Tor. HENCE OK
Provide 2 Nos. of 32mm Tor at Top for Cantilever in One layer A+B
Provide nominal reinforcement of 10 Nos of 12 mm Tor @ bottom for minimum steel F
CHECK FOR SHEAR :- ( for Cantilever ) @ ` d ' from Support.

Caping Beam :
Distance of section from edge of caping beam = Section X - X.
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2. = -0.350 - 1.494 = -1.844 m
+ 81.530 8.300
+ 81.180 0.35 m
1.55
1.20 m
+ 79.980 -1.844
0.432 0.318
9.00
-0.350 m -0.350 m
X
SKETCH FOR SHEAR DESIGN.
( 0.35 + -1.844 ) x 1.200

Depth`D' at X-X =
-0.782
= 3.181 m
Available depth `d' at X-X = 318.08 - 16.000 - 0.04
= 302.035 cms
Loads on One side of Pier :-
Rect = -1.844 x 1.500 x 0.350 x 2.500 = -2.420
Taper = -1.844 x 1.500 x 1.200 x 2.500 = -4.149
2
Total Shear at X - X = -6.569 t
59
Moment of Loads at X-X = -6.569 x -1.84 / 2 = 6.057 t-m
Total Moment at X-X = 6.057 t-m
M x Tan b
d
Where , M = 6.057 t-m
d = 3.020 m
Tan b = 2.831 = -1.535 t
-1.844
Hence Reduction in Shear = 6.057 x -1.535 = -3.078 t
3.020
Net Design Shear @ X - X = -6.569 - -3.078
= -3.491 t
Shear Stress at X - X as per Cl.304.7.1.1
t = ( V/ bxd)
tv = -3.49 x 1000 = -0.116 kg/cm2
100 x 302.035
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2.

Max. Shear stress = 19 kg/cm2 ( IRC:21-2000, Table-12A.)
(for M25 concrete) Hence Section need not be changed
(As Per Cl. 304.7.1.3.3., Table – 12B,)

Allowable shear stress for members without shear reinforcement
p = 100 x 16.085 = 0.053
100.0 x 302.035
In this Case :-
for (100As/bd) = 0.053
tc = #N/A ( 0.053 - #N/A #N/A #N/A

#N/A #N/A
= #N/A
t c = #N/A kg/cm2
tv #N/A t c #N/A
Vs = V - t c bd
= -3.491 #N/A x 100 x 302.04 )
= #N/A t
10 mm.Tor 4 Legged Stirrups
Spacing = 1900 x 4.00 x 0.785 x 302.035

#N/A 1000
= #N/A cms c/c.
However Provide Minimum Shear Reinforcement Cl. 304.7.1.5, of IRC:21-2000.

Asw 0.4
Reinforcement = =
b x s 0.87 fy
Using 10 mm.tor. 4 -Legged
60
Spacing - ` s ' = 4 x 0.785 x 0.870 x 415
100 x 0.400
= 28.36 cms ( Not more than 30 cm)
Provide 10 mm 4 Legged Stirrups @ #N/A cm c/c. In Pier.

or #N/A mm c/c C
SIDE FACE REINFORCEMENT :-

@ 0.1% on Each side face.
As the depth of the beam is 1550mm Provide side face reinforcement
However Provide minimum Reinforcement
Ast = 0.100 x 100.0 x 155
100
= 15.5 = 7.750 cm2
Area of each bar of Dia = 12mm = 1.131 cm2 7nos
Provide 7 Nos of 12mm tor. On each side face of Caping Beam. E
(VII) CALCULATION OF STRESSES AT TOP OF FOOTING at +63.300
DESIGN OF RCC PIER AT +63.300 m
The main conditions for the design of Pier are :- Both the Spans Laid and One span Laid.
For Both the spans laid condition :- 1 Service and CBL Condition
2 Service and FSL Condition.
For One span Laid Condition :- No Live load acting.
BOTH THE SPANS LAID CONDITION
Case - 1 : Service and CBL condition :-
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-
1 Load from Superstructure = 298.959 t
2 Weight of Caping Beam = 49.819 t
3 Weight of Pier ( Dry ) = 636.640 t
Total Dead loads = 985.417 t
Moments about Pier Level +63.300 Moments

S. No. Type of Force Load Long. Trans.
1 Dead Load 985.417 0.000 t-m 0.000
2 Temperature Moment 0.602 t-m
3 Seismic moment 266.082 t-m 133.041 t-m
Moments without Wind 985.417 266.684 t-m 133.041 t-m
4 with Wind Force (horizontal force) 18.423 t-m 73.681 t-m
61
Moments with Wind 985.417 285.107 t-m 206.722 t-m
Section Properties :-
Size of Pier = 9.000 m x 1.500 m
Area A = 3.142 x 0.750 x 0.750 = 0.442 m2.
4
+ 9.000 x 1.500 = 13.500 m2.
Total Area = 13.942 m2.
Considering Equivalent Rectangle - Side = 13.942 = 9.295 m

1.500
Section Modulus =
Long. ZL = 9.295 x 1.500 ^2 = 3.485 m3
6
Trans. ZT = 1.500 x 9.295 ^2 = 21.597 m3
6
Stresses in Pier :-
CBL Condition :-
a). With out wind = 985.417 (+/-) 266.684 (+/-) 133.041
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 70.681 (+/-) 76.514 (+/-) 6.160
= 153.355 / -11.993 t/m . 2
Direct compressive Stress allowable = 500 t/m2 (IRC-21, Clause 303)

Bending compressive Stress allowable = 667 t/m 2
(IRC-21, Clause 303)
(Cl. 303.3, Table - 11, of IRC:21-2000) Hence provide reinforcement.

b). With wind = 985.417 (+/-) 285.107 (+/-) 206.722
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 70.681 (+/-) 81.80 (+/-) 9.57
= 162.052 / -20.690 t/m2
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2 667.000 x 1.333

2
= 889.111 t/m
Case – 2 : Service and FSL condition :-
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-
3 Weight of Pier ( 15% buoyancy ) = 549.541 t

1 Dead Load 898.318 0.000 t - m 0.000
2 Water Current 1.155 t - m 0.529 t-m
3 Temperature Moment 0.602 t - m
4 Seismic moment 266.082 t - m 133.041 t-m
62
Moments without Wind 898.318 267.839 t - m 133.570 t-m
5 with Wind Force (horizontal force) 18.423 t - m 73.681 t-m
Moments with Wind 898.318 286.262 t - m 207.251 t-m
Stresses in Pier :-
FSL Condition : -
a). Without wind = 898.318 (+/-) 267.839 (+/-) 133.570
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 64.434 (+/-) 76.845 (+/-) 6.185
= 147.463 / -18.596 t/m . 2


b). With wind = 898.318 (+/-) 286.262 (+/-) 207.251
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 64.434 (+/-) 82.13 (+/-) 9.60
= 156.160 / -27.293 t/m2
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2 = 667.000 x 1.333

2
= 889.111 t/m
ONE SPAN LAID CONDITION
Case - 1 : CBL condition :-
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

S. No. Type of Force Long. Trans.
1 Dead Load Moment 34.064 t - m
Moments without Wind 244.748 t - m 105.041 t-m
4 Wind Force 18.423 t - m 73.681 t-m
Moments with Wind 263.171 t - m 178.722 t-m

Area = A = 13.942 m2
ZL = 3.485 m3;
ZT = 21.597 m3 ;
a). Without wind = 778.028 (+/-) 244.748 (+/-) 105.041

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 55.805 (+/-) 70.220 (+/-) 4.864
63
= 130.889 / 19.278 t/m2.
b). With wind = 778.028 (+/-) 263.171 (+/-) 178.722

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 55.805 (+/-) 75.51 (+/-) 8.28
2
= 139.586 / 27.976 t/m
Case – 2 : FSL condition :-
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-
3 Weight of Pier ( 15% buoyancy ) = = 549.541 t

3 Water Current 1.155 t - m 0.529 t - m
Moments without Wind 245.903 t - m 105.570
5 Wind Force 18.423 t - m 73.681

Area A = 13.942 m2
ZL = 3.485 m3;
ZT = 21.597 m3 ;
a). Without wind = 690.929 (+/-) 245.903 (+/-) 105.570

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 49.558 (+/-) 70.551 (+/-) 4.888
= 124.998 / 25.882 t/m . 2
b). With wind = 690.929 (+/-) 264.326 (+/-) 179.251

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 49.558 (+/-) 75.84 (+/-) 8.30
2
= 133.695 / 34.579 t/m
( III ) CALCULATION OF PIER REINFORCEMENT
From the above the Tensile forces in Pier are more in case of Empty & Full
Area A = 139417.86 cm2
64
Service Condition :-
As per Cl.306.1 of IRC:21-2000, Table - 13 , Note (3).
Effective Length of Pier = 1.200 L

In this case `L' = 81.530 - 63.300 = 18.230 m
Effective Length Le = 1.200 x 18.230 = 21.876 m

Least radius of Gyration (r ) = t √12
= 1.500 / √12
= 0.433
Ratio = Effective length = 21.876 = 50.52046

Radius of Gyration 0.433
One span Laid Condition :-

Effective Length of Pier = 1.75 L =
= 1.750 x 18.230 = 31.903 m
Ratio = Effective length
Radius of Gyration
= 31.903
0.433
= 73.676
Hence the Stresse are reduced in this case by 1.5 - L
100 r
= 1.5 - 73.676
100
= 0.763 < 1.000
Hence the permissible stresses are considered.
Design of Reinforcement :-
For M25 grade the allowable stresses in Concrete :-
Bending Stress = fc = 85 kg/cm2.
allowable Steel Stress :Tensile stress = Fs = 1900 kg/cm2.
Percentage of Reinforcement = P = 0.30% min. (Cl.306.2.2 IRC:21:2000)
Modular Ratio = m = 10
Area of Section = A = 139418 cm2.
Min steel as per Cl.306.2.1 = 0.3 % = 420.020 cm2.
Provide 54 Nos. 32 mm.tor. Area = 434.294 cm2.

6 Nos 32 mm. Tor. in Cutwaters 48 Nos. in Straight portion-Eace face side. G
Lateral ties :
According to IS 456 :2000 the diameter of the lateral ties shall not be less than
1) 1/4 th of the diameter of the longitudinal bar
2) 6 mm
The diameter of the lateral ties shall not be less than < 8 mm
6 mm
65
Therefore provide 8 mm as the diameter of the tie bar
Pitch of transverse reinforcement should be least of the following
1) Least lateral dimension of compression member
2) Sixteen times the smallest diameter of the longitudinal bar
3) 300mm
Pitch ot transverse ties
Least of following 1) 150 cm
2) 51.2 cm
3) 30 cm
Pitch of ties = 30.000 cm
Provide 8mm tor. Longitudinal Ties at 200 mm c/c. H+J

Provide 8mm tor.Transeverse Ties at 300 mm c/c. K
(VI) DESIGN OF FOUNDATION @ +62.500 m
The Foundations foundations are designed for Both the Spans Laid and One span Laid conditions.
Foundation Level = +62.500
1.500
1.500 1.50
+ 63.300 m 0 0
+ 63.300 m 4.50
0.8
+ 62.500 m
4.500
DETAIL OF PIER FOUNDATION.
1 Both the Spans laid Condition :-
a). Service + LWL Condition :-

Vertical loads :-
1 Dead Load From Superstructure = 298.959 t
3 Weight of Pier = 636.640 t
4 Weight of Footing - with out buoyancy = 126.000 t
Moments about Footing level +62.500 Moments

1 Dead Load 1111.417 0.000 t - m 0.000
3 Seismic moment 289.732 t - m 144.866
66
Size of Footing = 14.00 m x 4.50 m
Area = A = = 14.00 x 4.50 = 63 m2
Section Moduli
Zl = 14.00 x 4.50 ^2 / 6 = 47.250 m3
Zt = 4.50 x 14.00 ^2 / 6 = 147.000 m3
Foundation Pressures :- Service + LWL.
a). Without Wind : = 1111.42 ( +/- ) 290.360 ( +/- ) 144.87

63 47.25 147.00
= 17.64 ( +/- ) 6.15 ( +/- ) 0.99
2
= 24.772 / 10.511 t/m
b) With Wind : = 1111.42 ( +/- ) 309.563 ( +/- ) 221.67

63 47.25 147.00
= 17.64 ( +/- ) 6.55 ( +/- ) 1.51
2
= 25.701 / 9.582 t/m
a). Service + FSL Condition :-

Vertical loads :-
4 Weight of Footing - 100% buoyancy = 118.440 t

1 Dead Load 0.000 t - m 0.000 t-m
67
a). Without Wind : 1016.76 ( +/- ) 292.743 ( +/- ) 145.96

63 47.25 147.00
= 16.14 ( +/- ) 6.20 ( +/- ) 0.99
2
= 23.328 / 8.950 t/m
b) With Wind : 1016.76 ( +/- ) 311.946 ( +/- ) 222.76

63 47.25 147.00
= 16.14 ( +/- ) 6.60 ( +/- ) 1.52
2
= 24.256 / 8.022 t/m
2 One Span laid Condition :-

a). CBL Condition :-
Vertical loads :-
1 Dead Load From Superstructure = 183.14 = 91.569 t
2

1 Dead Load 904.03 34.064 t - m 0.000 t - m
3 Seismic moment 228.755 t - m 114.378 t - m
Moments without Wind 263.447 t - m 114.378 t - m
4 Wind Force (Unloaded Section) 19.203 t - m 76.800 t - m
Moments with Wind 282.650 t - m 191.178 t - m
Foundation Pressures :-
a) Without Wind : 904.028 ( +/- ) 263.447 ( +/- ) 114.378
63.000 47.250 147.000
= 14.350 ( +/- ) 5.576 ( +/- ) 0.778
= 20.703 / 7.996 t/m2
b) With Wind : 904.028 ( +/- ) 282.650 ( +/- ) 191.178

63.000 47.250 147.000
= 14.350 ( +/- ) 5.982 ( +/- ) 1.301
2
= 21.632 / 7.067 t/m
b). Service + FSL - Condition :-

68
Moments about Footing level +62.500 m
1 Dead Load Eccentricity 816.929 34.064 t - m 0.000
5 Wind Force (Unloaded Section) 19.203 76.800 t-m
Moments with Wind load 285.033 t - m 192.269 t-m
a) Without Wind : 816.929 ( +/- ) 265.830 ( +/- ) 115.469
63.000 47.250 147.000
= 12.97 ( +/- ) 5.626 ( +/- ) 0.786
= 19.379 / 6.556 t/m2
b) With Wind : 816.929 ( +/- ) 285.033 ( +/- ) 192.269

63.000 47.250 147.000
= 12.967 ( +/- ) 6.032 ( +/- ) 1.308
2
= 20.308 / 5.627 t/m
DESIGN OF RCC FOOTING @ +62.500 m
Bp 1.50 m Type of Footing = PAD

Density Of Concrete = 25 kN/m3
0.00 Density Of Soil = 20 kN/m3
d = 0.80 0.80 Depth Of Foundation = 2.40 m
B = 4.5 Net SBC = 250 kN/m2
Gross SBC = 50 + 2.4 x 20
= 298 kN/m2
FC = 25 N/mm2
FY = 415 N/mm2
d/2 Length Of Footing L = 14.00 m
L = 14.0 ### Width Of Footing W = 4.50 m
Thickness Of Fdn T = 0.80 m
Depth @ Edge of fdn D1 = 0.80 m
Width Of Pier wp = 1.50 m
Length Of Pier lp = 10.50 m
PIER s cbc = 8.5 N/mm2.
z L sc = 6.0 N/mm2.
1.500 s st = 200
M = 10.98
Wp
K = 0.318
x x J = 0.894
1.500 Q = 1.209
1.75 z 1.750 effect.depth = 740
69
Load Calculation for Footing & Soil:-
Self Wt. Of Footing
Rectangular Portion = 25 x 14 x 4.5 x 0.8 = 1260 kN
Weight of Soil = [(14 x 4.5) - (10.5 x 1.5)] x (2.4 - 0.8 ) x 20 1512 kN
Weight of Footing + Soil = 1260 + 1512 = 2772 kN
Vertical Load(y-dir) Fy = 985.417 KN
CHECK FOR SHEAR

a) Two Way Shear
Critical Section = At distance d/2 from face of Pier
Concrete Grade = 25 N/mm2
Pier Details
Length = 10500 mm
Width = 1500 mm
Foundation Details
Length = 14000 mm
Width = 4500 mm
Depth = D1 + (T-D1)(L-Lp-T)/2
(L-Lp)/2
= 0.80 + 0 x 1.35
1.75
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Effective Depth = 750 mm
Percentage Of Steel = 0.239 %
Punching Load
Maximum Load on Pier = 1478.13
Punching Shear, P = 1478.126 x (( 14 x 4.5 ) - ( 11.25 x 2.25 ))
( 14 * 4.5 )
p = 884.24 kN
Shear Resistance Of Concrete (Vc) = Vc x b c x d ( clause no. 31.6.3.1 of IS 456 )
Where , Vc = ks x t c
ks = 0.5 + βc -----should not be greater than 1
Short Side Of Column
βc =
Long Side Of Column
1500
Βc = = 0.143
10500
ks = 0.643
tc = 0.16 x √fck = 0.80 N/mm2
bc = Periphery at distance d/2 from face of pier
Length of critical section = 11250 mm
Width of critical section = 2250 mm
Perimeter of critical section = 27000 mm
884240 = 40.94 mm
Depth Required =
0.8 x27000
Shear Resistance = 0.8 x 27000 x 750 / 1000
= 16200 kN
70
B) One Way Shear
2 95.82
800
d
203.29
1500
4500
1
750
1 1 230.15
1500
d
750
800
2 257.01
10500
1750
1000
750
800
14000
95.82 257.01
236.862 245.498
At Length
Max Net Pressure = 245 kN/m2
Depth D1 + (T-D1)*(0.5L-0.5Lp-T)
(L-Lp)/2
0.80 + 0.00 x 0.95
1.75
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Length at critical section = 4500 mm
Width at critical section = 1000 mm
Shear Force = 245.5 x 4.5 x 1
= 1104.741 kN
At Width
Maximum Pressure = 230 kN/m2
Depth = D1 + (T-D1)*(0.5W-0.5Wp-T)
(W-Wp)/2
0.80 + 0.00 x 0.7
1.75
= 0.800 m = 800 mm
Shear Force = 230.15 x 14 x 0.75
= 2416.575 kN
71
Designed Shear Strength = 2417 kN
Corresponding Length = 14000 mm
% Ast = 0.239
Shear Stress = 0.230 N/mm2
Depth Required 2416575
=
0.23 x 14000
= 751 mm
Check For Depth @ Critical Section
Critical section from face of column = 750 mm
h from column face to edge of footing = 1500 mm
Depth @ Edge of fdn D1 = 800 mm
Depth @ face of column D = 800 mm
Depth @ Critical s/c = 800 mm
Effe. Depth @ Critical s/c = 750 mm Revise
Check For transfer of Load @ Column base
A2 = Lp x Wp = 15.75 mm2
A1 = (10.5+2 x (2*0.8))*(1.5+2 x (2*0.8))
= 64.39 mm2
sqrt(A1/A2) = 2.02 </= 2
Allowable Bearing Stress = 0.25 fck sqrt(A1/A2)
= 13 Mpa
Actual Bearing Stress = 1478.126 x 10^3/(15.75 x 10^6)
= 0.09 Mpa
< 13 Mpa
DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
a) Calculation of Reinforcement at Bottom

Maximum Pressure = 257.01 kN/m2
Pressure due to Soil & Fdn wt = ( 1260 + 1512 ) / ( 14 x 4.5 )
= 44
Net causing moment = 213.01 kN/m2
Maximum Projection of fdn = 1.75 m
Bending Moment = 213.011 x 1.75 x 1.75 / 2
= 326.17 kN.m
Ast = √(M/Qb)
= 326170000
0.121 x 1000
Ast Required = 1642.513 mm2

Mini.% of re-bar = 0.2 % ---- Cl. 305.19 of IRC:21-2000
2
Min Ast = 1600 mm
Dia of Bar = 20 mm
Area of bar = 314 mm2
Spacing = 191 mm Revise
72
Provide Spacing = 175 751 750
(More R/f than required is provided to avoid failure in one way shear)
Area Provided = 1794 mm2 HENCE OK
Provide 20 mm dia Bars @ 175 mm spacing in Longitudinal direction L

Provide 12 mm dia Bars @ 125 mm spacing in Transverse direction M
b) Calculation of Reinforcement at Top

Reinforcement at top is checked for overburden load on top of foundation
since 100% of foundation is not in contact with soil.
Wt. Of Soil + Fdn wt. = 2772 kN
Area Load = 2772 / (14 x 4.5) = 44 kN/m2
Maxi. Projection of fdn = 1.75 m
Bending Moment = 44 x 1.75 x 1.75 / 2
= 67.38 kN.m
Ast = √(M/Qb)
Ast = 746.539 mm2
Mini % of Re-bar = 0.12 %

Ast = 870 mm2
Dia of Bar = 12 mm
Area of bar = 113.04 mm2
Spacing = 129 mm
Provide Spacing = 125 mm
Area Provided = 904.32 mm2 HENCE OK
Provide 12 mm dia Bars @ 125 mm spacing in Longitudinal direction N

Provide 12 mm dia Bars @ 125 mm spacing in Transverse direction O
Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Two Spans Laid
Stress in Concrete:
Case – 1 : Service & CBL Condition
With Wind 162.052 -20.690 tensile stress
With out Wind 153.355 -11.993 tensile stress
Case – 2 : Service & FSL Condition
One Span Laid
Stress in Concrete:
With Wind 139.586 27.976 Compressive stress
With out Wind 130.889 19.278 Compressive stress
73
Two Spans Laid
Stresses in Soil :
One Span Laid
Stresses in Soil :
74
Job :
Subject : DESIGN OF RCC PIER AND FOOTING
8.300
+ 81.530 0.35
+ 81.180
1.20
+ 79.980
+ 69.005 FSL
-0.35 9.00 -0.35

10.5 16.68
0.75 0.75
+ 64.855 CBL
+ 63.300 1.8 1.8

0 0.8
+ 62.500 0
14.0
4.500
1.500
14.000
PLAN
5 Afflux h = 1.5 m
DESIGN DATA :-
75
Cos q = 1.0 Sin q = 0.0
( I ) DEAD LOADS :-
= 13.000 + 0.988
= 13.988 m

8.300 1.500 m
81.530 0.35
1.20
79.980
10.50 1.500
-0.35 9.00 -0.350000000000001
Caping Beam Section
76
Wt of Rectangular portion = 8.300 x 1.50 x 0.35 x 2.50 = 10.89375 t

x 1.50 x 1.20 x 2.50 = 38.925 t
2
0.75 9.00 0.75
1.500
Plan of Pier

FSL = 69.005 m
Height of Pier = 79.980 - 63.300 = 16.680 m
Area of Pier = 0.393 x 1.500 x 1.500 = 1.767 m2

+ 9.0 x 1.500 = 13.500 m2
Weight of Pier :-
Dry = 15.27 x 16.68 x 2.50 = 636.64 t
100% Buoyancy = 636.64 - ( 15.27 x 5.71 x 1.00 ) = 549.54 t
In case of submergence 100% Buoyancy
= 636.64 - ( 15.27 x 5.71 x 1.00 ) x 0.15
= 623.58 t
Wt of Rectangular portion = 63.00 x 0.800 x 2.500 = ###
Hence, the weight of footing without buoyancy = ###
Volume of footing = ( 4.50 x 0.800 ) x 14.000

= ( 3.60 14.0000 = 50.400 m3
Dry = 50.400 x 2.500 = 126.000 t
15% Buoyancy = 50.400 x 2.350 = 118.440 t
100% Buoyancy = 50.400 x 1.500 = 75.600 t
77
Pier Width
9.00 1.500
10.50
14.00 0.75 0.75 0
0 4.500
0.8
0.8
14.000 4.500
A Eccentricities :-
0.75 0.750

= 0.369 m
II) . WATER CURRENT : ( IRC:6-2014 Cl.210)
Presumed to be hitting the Pier at 20 degrees to flow. (As per IRC:6-2014 Cl.210.5)
Shape factor for pier with semi circular ends K = 0.660
Design velocity of Water Current v = 0.898 m / s
Max. Velocity of water @ FSL V = 2^(1/2) v = 1.270 m/s
The Intensity of Pressure on Pier “P” = 52K*V2 = 55.350 kg/m2
As per Clause 210.5 of IRC:6-2014 the variation in the current direction should be taken as 200
Intensity of water pressure parallel to pier
55.35 x Cos20 = 52.01 kg/m2
Intensity of water pressure perpendicular to pier
55.35 x Sin20 = 18.93 kg/m2
Depth of water level = 5.71 m
FSL +69.005
4.150
Bed level +64.855
2.355
Foundation lvl. +62.500
78
a. Water Current Force in longitudinal direction
b. Water Current Force in transverse direction

Moments due to Water current : at top of Footing

Longitudinal = ( 255.979 x 0.5x4.2) + ( 225.544 x 0.67 x 4.150 ) = 1.155 t-m
Transverse = ( 117.216 x 0.5x4.2) + ( 103.279 x 0.67 x 4.150 ) = 0.529 t-m
Moments due to Water current : at bottom of Footing

Longitudinal = 481.522 x ( 4.150 + 0.800 ) = 2.384 t-m
Transverse = 220.495 x ( 4.150 + 0.800 ) = 1.091 t-m
III) . WIND FORCE :- ( As per IRC:6-2014, Cl. 209)
CBL = +64.855 m
FSL = +69.005 m
= 1.360 m

press = 19.024 m 2

press = 27.345 m2

Where,
79
CD = 0.8 (Table 6, IRC 6-2014)

(As per IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, cl.8.2.1)
where,

Upto 10.00 44.00 1.05 0.78 1.0286 37.07 824.36
15.00 44.00 1.05 0.82 1.0286 38.97 911.08
20.00 44.00 1.05 0.85 1.0286 40.39 978.96
30.00 44.00 1.05 0.88 1.0286 41.82 1049.29
50.00 44.00 1.05 0.93 1.0286 44.19 1171.91
100.00 44.00 1.05 0.99 1.0286 47.05 1328.00
1 . FSL CONDITION :

On Superstructure
= 19.59 m
= 20.39 m
80
On Sub Structure
= 18.230 m
= 19.030 m
Transverse = (1.9065 x 19.59) + (1.993 x 18.23) = 73.681 t-m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 20.39) + (1.993 x 19.03) = 76.800 t-m
2 . CBL CONDITION :

On Superstructure
= 19.59 m
= 20.39 m
On Sub Structure
= 18.230 m
= 19.030 m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 19.59) + (1.993 x 18.23) = 73.681 t-m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 20.39) + (19.03 x 1.993) = 76.800 t-m
81
IV . TEMPERATURE EFFECTS


= 0.671 cm

where,
Force = 32.900 kgs
= 0.033 t

β = 1
αo = 0.02 ( Zone – II )
αh = 0.03
αv = (1/2)αh
= 0.015


PIER 636.640 9.890 6296.369
6335.570
82
Lever arm = ΣM
ΣW
Two Spans Laid :

One Span Laid :
Two Spans Laid :

One Span Laid :
(VI) DESIGN OF CAPING BEAM :-

8.300
+ 81.530
0.35
+ 81.180 -L1 = 0.668
D = 1.55
1.20
+ 79.980
0.432 0.318
9.00 1.500
-0.35 -0.35 0.75 0.75
4.5 4.5 0.35

1.55
1.500

= 0.5756 x 0.750 = 0.432 m
Check for CORBEL: PIER
D = 1.550 m
L1 = -0.668 m;
L1/D = -0.668 -= 0.431 < 1.00
1.550
83
Moments Due to :
Load per m run = 298.959 / 8.300 = 36.019 t/m

a) Rectangular
Weight = 1.50 x 0.35 x -( 0.350 - 0.318 ) x 2.50
= -0.877 t
Moment = -0.88 x -0.668/2
= 0.293 t-m
b) Taper section
Weight = 1.20 - x 0.668 x 1.500 x 2.50 = -1.504 t
2
Moment = -1.504 x -( 0.350 - 0.318 ) / 3
= 0.016 t-m

= 8.352 t-m

= 8.352 t-m
k = 0.329
j = 0.890
Q = 12.463


d = 155 - 4 - 2
= 149.40 cm
= 12.463 x 100 x 149.4 ^2
84
=
1900 x 0.890 x 149.4
= 3.305 cm 2

= 0.2 -x 35.00 x 155.0
100
= -10.850 cm2

10 Nos of 12 mm Tor. HENCE OK

Caping Beam :
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2. = -0.350 - 1.494 = -1.844 m
+ 81.530 8.300
+ 81.180 0.35 m
1.55
1.20 m
+ 79.980 -1.844
0.432 0.318
9.00
-0.350 m -0.350 m
X
( 0.35 + -1.844 ) x 1.200

Depth`D' at X-X =
-0.782
= 3.181 m
= 302.035 cms
Rect = -1.844 x 1.500 x 0.350 x 2.500 = -2.420
Taper = -1.844 x 1.500 x 1.200 x 2.500 = -4.149
2
85
M x Tan b
d
Where , M = 6.057 t-m
d = 3.020 m
Tan b = 2.831 = -1.535 t
-1.844
3.020
= -3.491 t
t = ( V/ bxd)
tv = -3.49 x 1000 = -0.116 kg/cm2
100 x 302.035
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2.

(As Per Cl. 304.7.1.3.3., Table – 12B,)

p = 100 x 16.085 = 0.053
100.0 x 302.035
In this Case :-
for (100As/bd) = 0.053
tc = #N/A ( 0.053 - #N/A #N/A #N/A

#N/A #N/A
= #N/A
t c = #N/A kg/cm2
tv #N/A t c #N/A
Vs = V - t c bd
= -3.491 #N/A x 100 x 302.04 )
= #N/A t
10 mm.Tor 4 Legged Stirrups
Spacing = 1900 x 4.00 x 0.785 x 302.035

#N/A 1000
= #N/A cms c/c.

Asw 0.4
Reinforcement = =
b x s 0.87 fy
86
Spacing - ` s ' = 4 x 0.785 x 0.870 x 415
100 x 0.400
Provide 10 mm 4 Legged Stirrups @ #N/A cm c/c. In Pier.

or #N/A mm c/c C

Ast = 0.100 x 100.0 x 155
100
= 15.5 = 7.750 cm2
(VII) CALCULATION OF STRESSES AT TOP OF FOOTING at +63.300
DESIGN OF RCC PIER AT +63.300 m
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

1 Dead Load 985.417 0.000 t-m 0.000
2 Temperature Moment 0.602 t-m
3 Seismic moment 266.082 t-m 133.041 t-m
Moments without Wind 985.417 266.684 t-m 133.041 t-m
4 with Wind Force (horizontal force) 18.423 t-m 73.681 t-m
87
Moments with Wind 985.417 285.107 t-m 206.722 t-m
Area A = 3.142 x 0.750 x 0.750 = 0.442 m2.
4
+ 9.000 x 1.500 = 13.500 m2.

1.500
Section Modulus =
Long. ZL = 9.295 x 1.500 ^2 = 3.485 m3
6
Trans. ZT = 1.500 x 9.295 ^2 = 21.597 m3
6
Stresses in Pier :-
CBL Condition :-
a). With out wind = 985.417 (+/-) 266.684 (+/-) 133.041
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 70.681 (+/-) 76.514 (+/-) 6.160
= 153.355 / -11.993 t/m . 2


b). With wind = 985.417 (+/-) 285.107 (+/-) 206.722
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 70.681 (+/-) 81.80 (+/-) 9.57
= 162.052 / -20.690 t/m2
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2 667.000 x 1.333

2
= 889.111 t/m
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

1 Dead Load 898.318 0.000 t - m 0.000
88
Stresses in Pier :-
FSL Condition : -
a). Without wind = 898.318 (+/-) 267.839 (+/-) 133.570
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 64.434 (+/-) 76.845 (+/-) 6.185
= 147.463 / -18.596 t/m . 2


b). With wind = 898.318 (+/-) 286.262 (+/-) 207.251
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 64.434 (+/-) 82.13 (+/-) 9.60
= 156.160 / -27.293 t/m2
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2 = 667.000 x 1.333

2
= 889.111 t/m
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

4 Wind Force 18.423 t - m 73.681 t-m

Area = A = 13.942 m2
ZL = 3.485 m3;
ZT = 21.597 m3 ;
a). Without wind = 778.028 (+/-) 244.474 (+/-) 105.041

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 55.805 (+/-) 70.141 (+/-) 4.864
89
= 130.810 / 19.199 t/m2.
b). With wind = 778.028 (+/-) 262.896 (+/-) 178.722

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 55.805 (+/-) 75.43 (+/-) 8.28
2
= 139.508 / 27.897 t/m
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

5 Wind Force 18.423 t - m 73.681

Area A = 13.942 m2
ZL = 3.485 m3;
ZT = 21.597 m3 ;
a). Without wind = 690.929 (+/-) 245.629 (+/-) 105.570

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 49.558 (+/-) 70.473 (+/-) 4.888
= 124.919 / 25.803 t/m . 2
b). With wind = 690.929 (+/-) 264.052 (+/-) 179.251

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 49.558 (+/-) 75.76 (+/-) 8.30
2
= 133.616 / 34.500 t/m
( III ) CALCULATION OF PIER REINFORCEMENT
Area A = 139417.86 cm2
90

In this case `L' = 81.530 - 63.300 = 18.230 m

= 1.500 / √12
= 0.433


= 1.750 x 18.230 = 31.903 m
Radius of Gyration
= 31.903
0.433
= 73.676
100 r
= 1.5 - 73.676
100
= 0.763 < 1.000
For M25 grade the allowable stresses in Concrete :-
allowable Steel Stress :Tensile stress = Fs = 1900 kg/cm2.
Percentage of Reinforcement = P = 0.30% min. (Cl.306.2.2 IRC:21:2000)

6 Nos 32 mm. Tor. in Cutwaters 48 Nos. in Straight portion-Eace face side. G
Lateral ties :
2) 6 mm
The diameter of the lateral ties shall not be less than < 8 mm
6 mm
91
3) 300mm
2) 51.2 cm
3) 30 cm

1.500
1.500 1.50
+ 63.300 m 0 0
+ 63.300 m 4.50
0.8
+ 62.500 m
4.500

Vertical loads :-

1 Dead Load 1111.417 0.000 t - m 0.000
3 Seismic moment 289.732 t - m 144.866
92
Area = A = = 14.00 x 4.50 = 63 m2
Section Moduli
Zl = 14.00 x 4.50 ^2 / 6 = 47.250 m3
Zt = 4.50 x 14.00 ^2 / 6 = 147.000 m3
a). Without Wind : = 1111.42 ( +/- ) 290.360 ( +/- ) 144.87

63 47.25 147.00
= 17.64 ( +/- ) 6.15 ( +/- ) 0.99
2
= 24.772 / 10.511 t/m
b) With Wind : = 1111.42 ( +/- ) 309.563 ( +/- ) 221.67

63 47.25 147.00
= 17.64 ( +/- ) 6.55 ( +/- ) 1.51
2
= 25.701 / 9.582 t/m

Vertical loads :-

1 Dead Load 0.000 t - m 0.000 t-m
93
a). Without Wind : 1016.76 ( +/- ) 292.743 ( +/- ) 145.96

63 47.25 147.00
= 16.14 ( +/- ) 6.20 ( +/- ) 0.99
2
= 23.328 / 8.950 t/m
b) With Wind : 1016.76 ( +/- ) 311.946 ( +/- ) 222.76

63 47.25 147.00
= 16.14 ( +/- ) 6.60 ( +/- ) 1.52
2
= 24.256 / 8.022 t/m

Vertical loads :-
2

1 Dead Load 904.03 33.789 t - m 0.000 t - m
a) Without Wind : 904.028 ( +/- ) 263.172 ( +/- ) 114.378
63.000 47.250 147.000
= 14.350 ( +/- ) 5.570 ( +/- ) 0.778
= 20.698 / 8.002 t/m2
b) With Wind : 904.028 ( +/- ) 282.375 ( +/- ) 191.178

63.000 47.250 147.000
= 14.350 ( +/- ) 5.976 ( +/- ) 1.301
2
= 21.626 / 7.073 t/m
b). Service + FSL - Condition :-

94
Moments about Footing level +62.500 m
1 Dead Load Eccentricity 816.929 33.789 t - m 0.000
5 Wind Force (Unloaded Section) 19.203 76.800 t-m
Moments with Wind load 284.759 t - m 192.269 t-m
a) Without Wind : 816.929 ( +/- ) 265.556 ( +/- ) 115.469
63.000 47.250 147.000
= 12.97 ( +/- ) 5.620 ( +/- ) 0.786
= 19.373 / 6.561 t/m2
b) With Wind : 816.929 ( +/- ) 284.759 ( +/- ) 192.269

63.000 47.250 147.000
= 12.967 ( +/- ) 6.027 ( +/- ) 1.308
2
= 20.302 / 5.633 t/m
Bp 1.50 m Type of Footing = PAD

Density Of Concrete = 25 kN/m3
0.00 Density Of Soil = 20 kN/m3
d = 0.80 0.80 Depth Of Foundation = 2.40 m
B = 4.5 Net SBC = 250 kN/m2
Gross SBC = 50 + 2.4 x 20
= 298 kN/m2
FC = 25 N/mm2
FY = 415 N/mm2
Depth @ Edge of fdn D1 = 0.80 m
PIER s cbc = 8.5 N/mm2.
z L sc = 6.0 N/mm2.
1.500 s st = 200
M = 10.98
Wp
K = 0.318
x x J = 0.894
1.500 Q = 1.209
1.75 z 1.750 effect.depth = 740
95
Self Wt. Of Footing
Rectangular Portion = 25 x 14 x 4.5 x 0.8 = 1260 kN
Weight of Soil = [(14 x 4.5) - (10.5 x 1.5)] x (2.4 - 0.8 ) x 20 1512 kN
Weight of Footing + Soil = 1260 + 1512 = 2772 kN
CHECK FOR SHEAR

a) Two Way Shear
Pier Details
Length = 10500 mm
Width = 1500 mm
Foundation Details
Length = 14000 mm
Width = 4500 mm
(L-Lp)/2
= 0.80 + 0 x 1.35
1.75
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Punching Load
Punching Shear, P = 1478.126 x (( 14 x 4.5 ) - ( 11.25 x 2.25 ))
( 14 * 4.5 )
p = 884.24 kN
Shear Resistance Of Concrete (Vc) = Vc x b c x d ( clause no. 31.6.3.1 of IS 456 )
Where , Vc = ks x t c
βc =
Long Side Of Column
1500
Βc = = 0.143
10500
ks = 0.643
tc = 0.16 x √fck = 0.80 N/mm2
884240 = 40.94 mm
Depth Required =
0.8 x27000
= 16200 kN
96
B) One Way Shear
2 95.82
800
d
203.29
1500
4500
1
750
1 1 230.15
1500
d
750
800
2 257.01
10500
1750
1000
750
800
14000
95.82 257.01
236.862 245.498
At Length
Depth D1 + (T-D1)*(0.5L-0.5Lp-T)
(L-Lp)/2
0.80 + 0.00 x 0.95
1.75
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Shear Force = 245.5 x 4.5 x 1
= 1104.741 kN
At Width
Depth = D1 + (T-D1)*(0.5W-0.5Wp-T)
(W-Wp)/2
0.80 + 0.00 x 0.7
1.75
= 0.800 m = 800 mm
Shear Force = 230.15 x 14 x 0.75
= 2416.575 kN
97
% Ast = 0.239
=
0.23 x 14000
= 751 mm
Effe. Depth @ Critical s/c = 750 mm Revise
A2 = Lp x Wp = 15.75 mm2
A1 = (10.5+2 x (2*0.8))*(1.5+2 x (2*0.8))
= 64.39 mm2
sqrt(A1/A2) = 2.02 </= 2
= 13 Mpa
= 0.09 Mpa
< 13 Mpa

Pressure due to Soil & Fdn wt = ( 1260 + 1512 ) / ( 14 x 4.5 )
= 44
= 326.17 kN.m
Ast = √(M/Qb)
= 326170000
0.121 x 1000

2
Min Ast = 1600 mm
Dia of Bar = 20 mm
Area of bar = 314 mm2
Spacing = 191 mm Revise
98


Area Load = 2772 / (14 x 4.5) = 44 kN/m2
Bending Moment = 44 x 1.75 x 1.75 / 2
= 67.38 kN.m
Ast = √(M/Qb)
Ast = 746.539 mm2

Ast = 870 mm2
Dia of Bar = 12 mm
Spacing = 129 mm
Area Provided = 904.32 mm2 HENCE OK

Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Two Spans Laid
Stress in Concrete:
One Span Laid
Stress in Concrete:
99
Two Spans Laid
Stresses in Soil :
One Span Laid
Stresses in Soil :
100
BBS_pier
PIER CAP
TOTAL
S NO TYPE DIA SPACING NUMBER LENGTH
LENGTH
mm m
954
1 A+B 32 2 x2 1154 4.616
270
2 B 32 - 1 11760 8220 9.452
00
14
3 C 10 - 4-L #N/A #N/A 1680 Varies y x #N/A
y
4 D 10 - 2-L #N/A #N/A 20880 Varies #N/A
x
10700 - 8220
5 E 12 7 10700 - 8220 Varies 65.94
6 F 12 10 12250 15 8950 1510 122.5

5 0
PIER
7 G 32 54 18730 18430 2022.84

200
9000
1420
y
8 H 10 200 91 21040 1914.64
x
2231
9 J 10 200 91 4562 415.142

1420
10 K 10 300 191 1580 x 301.78
FOOTING
Bottom Reinforcement
14320
11 L 20 175 26 372.32
4820
12 M 12 125 112 539.84
Top Reinforcement
15120
13 N 12 125 36 544.32
4820
14 O 12 125 112 539.84
Page 101
Job :
Subject : DESIGN OF RCC SIDE PIER AND FOOTING
8.300
+ 81.530 0.25
+ 81.280
0.75
+ 80.530
+ 69.005 FSL
1.7 5.00 1.7

6.5 11.93
0.75 0.75
+ 69.755 2 Berm level
nd
+ 68.600 1.20 1.20

69.005 FSL 0 0
+ 67.800 0.8
64.855 CBL 8.9

3.500
1.500
8.9
PLAN
5 Afflux h = 1.5 m
DESIGN DATA :-
76
Cos q = 1.0 Sin q = 0.0
( I ) DEAD LOADS :-
= 13.000 + 0.988
= 13.988 m

8.300 1.500 m
81.530 0.25
0.75
80.530
6.50 1.500
1.65 5.00 1.65
Caping Beam Section
77
Weight of Rectangular portion = 8.300 x 1.50 x 0.25 x 2.50 = 7.78125 t
Weight of Tapered portion 8.300 + 5.00

x 1.50 x 0.75 x 2.50 = 18.70313 t
2
0.75 5.00 0.75
1.500
Plan of Pier

Top of hammer head = 81.530 m ;
Bottom of Caping Beam = 80.530 m ;
Bottom of Pier = 68.600 m ;
FSL = 69.005 m ;
Height of Pier = 80.530 - 68.600 = 11.930 m
Area of Pier = 0.393 x 1.500 x 1.500 x 2.00 = 1.767 m2

+ 5.0 x 1.500 = 7.50 m2
Weight of Pier :-
Dry = 9.27 x 11.93 x 2.50 = 276.39 t
15% Buoyancy = 9.27 x 11.93 x 2.35 = 259.81 t
100% Buoyancy = 9.27 x 11.93 x 1.50 = 165.84 t

Area of Footing = 8.90 x 3.500 = 31.15sqm
Wt of Rectangular portion = 31.15 x 0.800 x 2.500 = 62.300 t
x 0.000 x 8.900 x 2.500 = 0.000 t
2
Hence, the weight of footing without buoyancy = 62.300 t
78
Volume of footing = 3.500 + 3.500
( 3.50 x 0.800 ) + x 0.000 x 8.900
2
= ( 2.80 x 0.000 ) x 8.900 = 24.92 m3
Dry = 24.920 x 2.500 = 62.300 t
15% Buoyancy = 24.920 x 2.350 = 58.562 t
100% Buoyancy = 24.920 x 1.500 = 37.380 t
Pier Width
5.00 1.500
6.50
8.90 1.000 1.000
0 3.500
0.8
0.8
8.900 3.500
A Eccentricities :-
0.75 0.750

= 0.374 m
Moment due to DL eccentricity of S.S = 298.96 x 0.374 x 2.000 = 111.810
2 tm
( II ) WIND FORCE :- ( As per IRC:6-2014, Cl. 209)
CBL = 69.755 m
FSL = 69.755 m
= 1.360 m
79
press = 19.024 m2

press = 19.395 m 2

Where,
For Sub Structure (Semi Circular) H/b = 7.953 , t/b = 3.33 < 4
CD = 0.8 (Table 6, IRC 6-2014)

(As per IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, cl.8.2.1)
where,

Upto 10.00 44.00 1.05 0.78 1.0286 37.07 824.36
15.00 44.00 1.05 0.82 1.0286 38.97 911.08
20.00 44.00 1.05 0.85 1.0286 40.39 978.96
30.00 44.00 1.05 0.88 1.0286 41.82 1049.29
50.00 44.00 1.05 0.93 1.0286 44.19 1171.91
100.00 44.00 1.05 0.99 1.0286 47.05 1328.00
1. FSL CONDITION :
80
On Superstructure
= 14.29 m
Lever arm from bottom of foundation at 69.005 = 13.730 + 1.360
= 15.09 m
On Sub Structure
= 12.930 m
Lever arm from bottom of foundation at 69.005 = 13.730 m
= 13.730 m
Transverse = (1.9065 x 14.29) + (1.4135 x 12.93) = 45.520 t-m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 15.09) + (1.4135 x 13.73) = 48.176 t-m
2 .CBL CONDITION :

On Superstructure
= 14.29 m
= 15.09 m
81
On Sub Structure
= 12.930 m
= 13.730 m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 14.29) + (1.4135 x 12.93) = 45.520 t-m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 15.09) + (13.73 x 1.4135) = 48.176 t-m
(III) TEMPERATURE EFFECTS

As the span is very less; Kraft paper will suffice.
2 As there is no Vehicular load on the trough, so no Braking force


= 0.671 cm

where,
Force = 32.900 kgs
= 0.033 t
82
(IV) DESIGN OF CAPING BEAM :-
8.300
+ 81.530 0.25
+ 81.280 L1 = 1.332
D = 1.00 0.75
+ 80.530
1.500
0.432 0.318 0.75 0.75
5.00
1.65 1.65 0.25
1.00
2.5 2.5 1.500

= 0.5756 x 0.750 = 0.432 m PIER
Check for CORBEL:
D = 1.000 m
L1 = 1.332 m;
L1/D = 1.332 = 1.332 > 1.00
1.000

Moments Due to :
Load per m run = 298.959 / 8.300 = 36.019 t/m
Cantilever Moment = 36.02 x x 0.887 = 31.939 t-m

a) Rectangular
Weight = 1.50 x 0.25 x ( 1.650 - 0.318 ) x 2.50
= 1.248 t
Moment = 1.25 x 1.332/2
= 0.831 t-m
b) Taper section
Weight = 0.75 x 1.332 x 1.500 x 2.50 = 1.873 t
2
Moment = 1.873 x ( 1.650 - 0.318 ) / 3
= 1.229 t-m

= 33.999 t-m

= 33.999 t-m
83
k = 0.329
j = 0.890
Q = 12.463


d = 100 - 4 - 1
= 94.75 cm
= 12.463 x 100 x 94.8 ^2
=
1900 x 0.890 x 94.8
= 21.215 cm 2
84
= 0.2 x 165.00 x 100.0
100
= 33.000 cm2

10 Nos of 12 mm Tor.

Caping Beam :
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2. = 1.650 - 0.948 = 0.702 m
+ 81.530 8.300
+ 81.280 0.25 m
0.75 m
+ 80.530 0.702
0.432 0.318
5.00
1.650 m 1.650 m
X
Depth`D' at X-X ( 0.25 + 0.702 ) x 0.750

=
1.218
= 0.682 m ;
= 55.707 cms

Rect 0.702 x 1.500 x 0.250 x 2.500 = 0.659 t
Taper 0.702 x 1.500 x 0.750 x 2.500 = 0.988 t
2
Total Shear at X - X = 1.646 t
Moment of Loads at X-X = 1.646 x 0.70 / 2 = 0.578 t-m

M x Tan b
d
85
Where , M = 0.578 t-m
d = 0.557 m
Tan b = 0.432 = 0.616
0.702
Hence Reduction in Shear = 0.578 x 0.616 = 0.639 t
0.557
Net Design Shear @ X - X = 1.646 - 0.639
= 1.007 t
t = ( V/ bxd)
tv = 1.01 x 1000 = 0.181 kg/cm2
100 x 55.707
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2.

(As Per Cl. 304.7.1.3.3., Table – 12B,)

p = 100 x 39.270 = 0.705
100.0 x 55.707
In this Case :-
for (100As/bd) = 0.705
tc = 0.31 + ( 0.705 - 0.500 ) x(0.36 - 0.310 )

( 0.750 - 0.500 )
= 0.351
t c = 0.351 kg/cm2
tv < t c HENCE OK
Asw 0.4
Reinforcement = =
b x s 0.87 fy
Spacing - ` s ' = 4 x 0.785 x 0.870 x 415

100 x 0.400
Provide 10 mm 4 Legged Stirrups @ 27.5 cm c/c. In Pier.

C
or 275 mm c/c

86
Ast = 0.100 x 100.0 x 100
100
= 10 = 5.000 cm2
1 CALCULATION OF STRESSES AT BOTTOM OF FOOTING at +67.8
Length at Bottom of Footing = 8.90 m

Width at Bottom of Footing = 3.50 m
Cross sectional area at Bottom of Footing = 31.150 m2
ZLL = 3.5^2 X 8.9 / 6 = 18.18 m4
ZTT = 8.9^2 X 3.5 / 6 = 46.21 m4
(V) DESIGN OF RCC PIER AT + 68.600 m
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

1 Dead Load 601.836 451.377 t - m 0.000
X = 451.804 ⁄ 601.836
= 0.751
87
e = 0.751 - 0.750
= 0.001
Longitudinal Moment ML = 601.836 x 0.001 = 0.427 tm
Total Moment = 0.427 tm

Area A = 0.750 x 3.142 x 0.750 = 0.442 m2.
4
+ 5.000 x 1.500 = 7.500 m2.

1.500
Section Modulus =
Long. ZL = 5.295 x 1.500 ^2 = 1.985 m3
6
Trans. ZT = 1.500 x 5.295 ^2 = 7.008 m3
6
Stresses in Pier :-
CBL Condition : -
a). Without wind = 601.836 (+/-) 0.427 (+/-) 0.000
7.942 1.985 7.008
= 75.781 (+/-) 0.215 (+/-) 0.000
= 75.996 / 75.566 t/m2.

2
Bending compressive Stress allowable = 667 t/m (IRC-21, Clause 303)

b). With wind = 601.836 (+/-) 11.808 (+/-) 45.520
7.942 1.985 7.008
= 75.781 (+/-) 5.95 (+/-) 6.50
2
= 88.223 / 63.338 t/m
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2 667.000 x 1.333

2
= 889.111 t/m
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-
88
S. No. Type of Force Load LA Long. Trans.
1 Dead Load 585.252 0.750 438.939 t - m 0.000
585.252 438.939 t - m
2 with Wind Force (horizontal force 11.381 t - m 45.520 t-m
X = 438.939 ⁄ 585.252
= 0.750
e = 0.750 - 0.750
= 0.000
Longitudinal MomentML = 585.252 x 0.000 = 0 tm
Total Moment = 0.000 tm

Area A = 0.750 x 3.142 x 0.750 = 0.442 m2.
4
+ 5.000 x 1.500 = 7.500 m2.

1.500
Section Modulus =
Long. ZL = 5.295 x 1.500 ^2 = 1.985 m3
6
Trans. ZT = 1.500 x 5.295 ^2 = 7.008 m3
6
Stresses in Pier :-
CBL Condition : -
a). Without wind = 585.252 (+/-) 0.000 (+/-) 0.000
7.942 1.985 7.008
= 73.693 (+/-) 0.000 (+/-) 0.000
= 73.693 / 73.693 t/m . 2

2

b). With wind = 585.252 (+/-) 11.381 (+/-) 45.520
7.942 1.985 7.008
= 73.693 (+/-) 5.73 (+/-) 6.50
2
= 85.920 / 61.465 t/m
89
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2 667.000 x 1.333
= 889.111 t/m2
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

Moments without Wind 147.523 t - m
2 Wind Force 11.381 t - m 45.520

Area = A = 7.942 m2
ZL = 1.985 m3;
ZT = 7.008 m3 ;
a). Without wind = 394.446 (+/-) 147.523 (+/-) 0.000

7.942 1.985 7.008
= 49.667 (+/-) 74.302 (+/-) 0.000
= 123.969 / 24.635 t/m . 2
b). With wind = 394.446 (+/-) 158.903 (+/-) 45.520

7.942 1.985 7.008
= 49.667 (+/-) 80.03 (+/-) 6.50
2
= 136.197 / 36.862 t/m
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-
90
3 Wind Force 11.381 t - m 45.520

Area = A = 7.942 m2
ZL = 1.985 m3;
ZT = 7.008 m3 ;
a). Without wind = 377.862 (+/-) 141.321 (+/-) 0.000

7.942 1.985 7.008
= 47.579 (+/-) 71.178 (+/-) 0.000
= 118.757 / 23.599 t/m2.
b). With wind = 377.862 (+/-) 152.701 (+/-) 45.520

7.942 1.985 7.008
= 47.579 (+/-) 76.91 (+/-) 6.50
2
= 130.985 / 35.827 t/m
( III )CALCULATION OF PIER REINFORCEMENT

2
Area A = 79417.86 cm

In this case `L' = 81.530 - 68.600 = 12.930 m

= 1.500 / √12
= 0.433

91
= 1.750 x 12.930 = 22.628 m
Radius of Gyration
= 22.628
0.433
= 52.256
100 r
= 1.5 - 52.256
100
= 0.977 < 1.000
For M25 grade the allowable stresses in Concrete :
allowable Steel Stress :Tensile stress = fs = 1900 kg/cm2.
Percentage of Reinforcement = p = 0.30% min. (Cl.306.2.2 IRC:21:2000)

2x3=6 Nos 25 mm. Tor. in Cutwaters 2x3=6 Nos. in Straight portion-Eace face side. G
Lateral ties :

2) 6 mm
The diameter of the lateral ties shall not be less than < 6.25 mm
6 mm
3) 300mm
2) 40 cm
3) 30 cm
92

Scour Level = 2 dsm = +62.500
1.500
1.00 1.00
+ 68.600 m 0 0
3.50
0.8
+ 67.800 m
3.500

Vertical loads :-
1 Dead Load 664.136 1.750 1162.237 t - m 0.000
4 with Wind Force (horizontal force 12.045 t - m 48.176 t-m
X = 1162.24 / 664.14
= 1.750 m
e = 1.750 - 1.75
= 0.000 m
Ml = 664.136 x 0.000
= 0.000 t -m
93
Area = A = = 8.90 x 3.50 = 31.15 m2
Section Moduli
Zl = 8.90 x 3.50 ^2 / 6 = 18.171 m3
Zt = 3.50 x 8.90 ^2 / 6 = 46.206 m3
a). Without Wind : = 664.14 ( +/- ) 0.00 ( +/- ) 0.00

31.15 18.17 46.21
= 21.32 ( +/- ) 0.00 ( +/- ) 0.00
2
= 21.321 / 21.321 t/m
b) With Wind : = 664.14 ( +/- ) 12.0 ( +/- ) 48.18

31.15 18.17 46.21
= 21.32 ( +/- ) 0.66 ( +/- ) 1.04
= 23.026 / 19.615 t/m2

Vertical loads :-
4 Weight of Footing - 100% buoyancy = = 37.380 t
= 528.658 t

1 Dead Load 925.152 t - m 0.000 t-m
X = 925.15 / 528.66
= 1.750 m
e = 1.750 - 1.75
= 0.000 m
Ml = 528.658 x 0.000
= 0.000 t -m
94
Area = A = = 8.90 x 3.50 = 31.15 m2
Section Moduli
Zl = 8.90 x 3.50 ^2 / 6 = 18.171 m3
Zt = 3.50 x 8.90 ^2 / 6 = 46.206 m3
a). Without Wind : 528.66 ( +/- ) 0.00 ( +/- ) 0.00

31.15 18.17 46.21
= 16.97 ( +/- ) 0.00 ( +/- ) 0.00
2
= 16.971 / 16.971 t/m
b) With Wind : 528.66 ( +/- ) 12.0 ( +/- ) 48.18

31.15 18.17 46.21
= 16.97 ( +/- ) 0.66 ( +/- ) 1.04
= 18.677 / 15.266 t/m2

Vertical loads :-
1 Dead Load From Superstructure 183.14 = 91.569 t
2
Total DL = 456.746 t
Moments about Footing level +67.800 m Moments
1 Dead Load 456.75 1.750 799.305 0.000
Moments without Wind 799.305 0.000
2 Wind Force (Unloaded Section) 12.045 48.176
Moments with Wind 811.350 48.176
2
Area A = 31.150 m
Zl = 18.171 m3
Zt = 46.206 m3
X = 799.31 ⁄ 456.75
= 1.750 m
e = 1.750 - 1.750
= 0.000 m
95
ML = 456.75 x 0.000
= 0.000 tm
a) Without Wind : 456.746 ( +/- ) 0.000 ( +/- ) 0.000
31.150 18.171 46.206
= 14.663 ( +/- ) 0.000 ( +/- ) 0.000
2
= 14.663 / 14.663 t/m
b) With Wind : 456.746 ( +/- ) 12.045 ( +/- ) 48.176

31.150 18.171 46.206
= 14.663 ( +/- ) 0.663 ( +/- ) 1.043
2
= 16.368 / 12.957 t/m
b). Service + FSL - Condition :- One span Laid condition.

2 Weight of Caping Beam = = 26.484 t
4 Weight of Footing - 100% buoyancy = = 62.300 t
Total Load = 346.189 t
Moments about +67.800 m Level :-
1 Dead Load Eccentricity 346.189 1.750 605.831 0.000
2 Water Current 0.000 0.000
3 Wind Force (OnUnloaded structure) 12.045 48.176
Moments with Wind 617.875 t - m 48.176
X = 605.831 ⁄ 346.189
= 1.750
e = 1.750 - 1.750
= 0.000 m
Moment = 346.19 x 0.000 = 0 t-m
Size of Footing = 8.90 x 3.50
2
Area A = 31.150 m
Zl = 18.171 m3
Zt = 46.206 m3
a) Without Wind : 346.189 ( +/- ) 0.000 ( +/- ) 0.000
31.150 18.171 46.206
= 11.11 ( +/- ) 0.000 ( +/- ) 0.000
2
= 11.114 / 11.114 t/m
96
b) With Wind : 346.189 ( +/- ) 12.045 ( +/- ) 48.176
31.150 18.171 46.206
= 11.114 ( +/- ) 0.663 ( +/- ) 1.043
2
= 12.819 / 9.408 t/m

Type of Footing = SLOPED
Bp 1.50 m Density Of Concrete = 25 kN/m3
Density Of Soil = 20 kN/m3
0.00 Depth Of Foundation = 2 m
d = 0.80 0.80 Net SBC = 250 kN/m2
B = 3.5 Gross SBC = 250 + 2 x 20
= 290 kN/m2
FC = 25 N/mm2
FY = 415 N/mm2
L = 8.9 Lp = 6.5 Width Of Footing W = 3.50 m
Depth @ Edge of fdn D1 0.80 m
PIER s cbc 8.5 N/mm2.
L
z 1.000 sc 6 N/mm2.
s st 200
m= 10.98
Wp
x x K= 0.318
J= 0.894
1.2 z 1.2 1.000 Q= 1.209
effect.depth 742

Self Wt. Of Footing =
Rectangular Portion = 25 x 8.9 x 3.5 x 0.8 = 623 kN
Tapered Portion =
x 8.900 x 0.000 x 25.000
2
= 0.00 kN
Weight of Soil = [(8.9 x 3.5) - (6.5 x 1.5)] x (2 - 0.8 ) x 20 = 513.6 kN

Weight of Footing + Soil = + 513.6 = 1136.6 kN
97
CHECK FOR SHEAR
a) Two Way Shear
Pier Details
Length = 6500 mm
Width = 1500 mm
Foundation Details
Length = 8900 mm
Width = 3500 mm
(L-Lp)/2
= 0.80 + 0 0.8
1.2
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Punching Load
Punching Shear, P = 902.753 x (( 8.9 x 3.5 ) - ( 7.25 x 2.25 ))
( 8.9 * 3.5 )
p = 430.01 kN
Shear Resistance Of Concrete (Vc) = Vc x bc x d ( clause no. 31.6.3.1 of IS 456 )
Where , Vc = ks x tc
βc =
Long Side Of Column
1500
Βc = = 0.231
6500
ks = 0.731
tc = 0.16 x √fck = 0.80 N/mm2
430010 = 28.29 mm
Depth Required =
0.8 x19000
= 11400 kN
98
B) One Way Shear
2 196.15
800
d 220.52
1500
3500
1
750
1 1 227.83
1000
d
250
800
2 230.26
6500
1200
450
750
800
8900
196.15 230.26
225.662 228.536
At Length
Depth D1 + (T-D1)*(0.5L-0.5Lp-T)
(L-Lp)/2
0.80 + 0.00 x 0.4
1.2
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Shear Force = 228.54 x 3.5 x 0.45
= 359.944 kN
At Width
Depth = D1 + (T-D1)*(0.5W-0.5Wp-T)
(W-Wp)/2
0.80 + 0.00 x 0.2
1.2
= 0.800 m = 800 mm
Shear Force = 227.83 x 8.9 x 0.25
= 506.92175 kN
99
% Ast = 0.179
Depth Required 506921.75
=
0.23 x 8900
= 248 mm
Effe. Depth @ Critical s/c = 750 mm Depth is O.K.
A2 = Lp x Wp = 9.75 mm2
A1 = (6.5+2 x (2*0.8))*(1.5+2 x (2*0.8))
= 45.59 mm2
sqrt(A1/A2) = 2.16 </= 2
= 13 Mpa
= 0.09 Mpa
< 13 Mpa

Pressure due to Soil & Fdn wt = ( + 513.6 ) / ( 8.9 x 3.5 )
= 16.49
= 153.92 kN.m
Ast = √(M/Qb)
= 153920000
0.121 x 1000

2
Min Ast = 1600 mm
Dia of Bar = 16 mm
Spacing = 125 mm Depth is O.K.
100
Area Provided = 1340 mm2 NOT OK


Wt. Of Soil + Fdn wt. = 513.6 kN
Area Load = 513.6 / (8.9 x 3.5) = 16.49 kN/m2
= 11.87 kN.m
Ast = √(M/Qb)
Ast = 313.337 mm2

Ast = 870 mm2
Dia of Bar = 12 mm
Spacing = 129 mm
Area Provided = 904.32 mm2

Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Two Spans Laid
Stress in Concrete:
One Span Laid
Stress in Concrete:
101
Two Spans Laid
Stresses in Soil :
One Span Laid
Stresses in Soil :
102
BBS_sidepier
PIER CAP
TOTAL
S NO TYPE DIA SPACING NUMBER LENGTH
LENGTH
mm m
2660
1 A+B 25 2 x8 2860 91.52
170
2 B 25 - 4 12560 8220 54.72
00
19
3 C 10 - 4-L 275 16 Varies y x 128.96
4030
y
4 D 10 - 2-L 275 19 11780 Varies 447.64
x
6700 - 8220
5 E 12 5 6700 - 8220 Varies 94.2
19
6 F 12 10 8970 4950 960 179.4
10
PIER
7 G 25 12 13430 13130 644.64

200
5000
1420
y
8 H 10 200 65 13040 1695.2
x
2231
9 J 10 200 65 4562 593.06

1420
10 K 10 300 84 1580 x 265.44
FOOTING
9220
11 L 16 150 23 424.12
3820
12 M 12 125 71 542.44
Top Reinforcement
Page 103
BBS_sidepier
9220
13 N 12 125 28 516.32
4820
14 O 12 125 71 684.44
Page 104
Job :
Subject : DESIGN OF RCC SIDE PIER AND FOOTING
8.300
+ 81.530 0.5
+ 81.030
1.30
+ 79.730
+ 69.005 FSL
-0.35 9.00 -0.35

10.5 11.13
st
+ 69.755 1 Berm lvl 0.75 0.75
+ 69.005 FSL
+ 68.600 1.000 1.000
+ 64.855 CBL 0 0
+ 67.800 0.8
12.500
3.500
1.500
12.500
PLAN
5 Afflux h = 1.5 m
DESIGN DATA :-
76
Cos q = 1.0 Sin q = 0.0
15 Total depth of Pier cap = + 1.800 m
( I ) DEAD LOADS :-
= 13.000 + 0.988
= 13.988 m

8.300 1.500 m
81.530 0.5
1.30
79.730
10.50 1.500
-0.35 9.00 -0.350000000000001
Caping Beam Section
77
Area of Caping beam = ( 8.300 x 1.500 ) + ( 9.000 x 1.500 ) + -0.455
= 25.495 m2
Weight of Rectangular portion = 8.300 x 1.50 x 0.50 x 2.50 = 15.5625 t
Weight of Tapered portion 8.300 + 9.00

x 1.50 x 1.30 x 2.50 = 42.16875 t
2
0.75 9.00 0.75
1.500
Plan of Pier

FSL = 69.005 m
Height of Pier = 79.730 - 68.600 = 11.130 m
Area of Pier = 0.393 x 1.500 x 1.500 = 1.767 m2

+ 9.0 x 1.500 = 13.50 m2
Weight of Pier :-
Dry = 15.27 x 11.13 x 2.50 = 424.81 t

Wt of Rectangular portion = 43.75 x 0.800 x 2.500 = 87.500 t
Hence, the weight of footing without buoyancy = 87.500 t
Volume of footing = ( 3.50 x 0.800 ) x 12.500 = 35.000 m3
Dry = 35.000 x 2.500 = 87.500 t
15% Buoyancy = 35.000 x 2.350 = 82.250 t
100% Buoyancy = 35.000 x 1.500 = 52.500 t
78
Pier Width
9.00 1.500
10.50
12.50 1.000
0 3.500
0.8
0.8
12.500 3.500
A Eccentricities :-
0.75 0.750

= 0.372 m
Iii ) WIND FORCE :- ( As per IRC:6-2014, Cl. 209)
CBL / Berm Level = + 69.755 m

= 1.360 m
pressure
= 19.024 m 2

pressure
= 17.663 m 2

Where,
A = The Solid Area Exposed to Wind
G = Gust Factor = 2.0
79
CD = 0.8 (Table 6, IRC 6-2014)

(As per IS: 875(Part 3) 1987, cl.8.2.1)
where,

Upto 10.00 44.00 1.05 0.78 1.0286 37.07 824.36
15.00 44.00 1.05 0.82 1.0286 38.97 911.08
20.00 44.00 1.05 0.85 1.0286 40.39 978.96
30.00 44.00 1.05 0.88 1.0286 41.82 1049.29
50.00 44.00 1.05 0.93 1.0286 44.19 1171.91
100.00 44.00 1.05 0.99 1.0286 47.05 1328.00
CBL CONDITION :

On Superstructure
Lever arm from top of foundation i.e., at 68.6 = 12.930 + 1.360
= 14.29 m
= 15.09 m
80
On Sub Structure
Lever arm from top of foundation i.e., at 68.6 = 12.930 m
= 12.930 m
= 13.730 m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 14.29) + (1.2875 x 12.93) = 43.891 t-m

Transverse = (1.9065 x 15.09) + (13.73 x 1.2875) = 46.446 t-m
IV) TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
1 As there is no Vehicular load on the trough, so no Braking force



= 0.671 cm

where,
T = Thk of Bearing Layer = 10.000 cm
Force = 32.900 kgs
= 0.033 t

β = 1
αo = 0.02 ( Zone – II )
αh = 0.03
81
αv = (1/2)αh
= 0.015


PIER 424.808 7.365 3128.713
3161.285
Lever arm = ΣM
ΣW
Two Spans Laid :

One Span Laid :
Two Spans Laid :

One Span Laid :
82
(V) DESIGN OF CAPING BEAM :-
8.300
+ 81.530 0.5
+ 81.030 -L1 = 0.668
D = 1.80 1.30
+ 79.730
1.500
0.432 0.318 0.75 0.75
9.00
-0.35 -0.35 0.5
1.80
4.5 4.5 1.500
Center of Gravity of Semi circular Cut waters = ( 0.5756 R ) PIER

= 0.5756 x 0.750 = 0.432 m
Check for CORBEL:
D = 1.800 m
L1 = -0.668 m;
L1/D = -0.668 -= 0.371 < 1.00
1.800

Moments Due to :
Load per m run = 298.959 / 8.300 = 36.019 t/m

a) Rectangular
Weight = 1.50 x 0.50 x -( 0.350 - 0.318 ) x 2.50
= -1.253 t
Moment = -1.25 x -0.668/2
= 0.419 t-m
b) Taper section
Weight = 1.30 - x 0.668 x 1.500 x 2.50 = -1.629 t
2
Moment = -1.629 x -( 0.350 - 0.318 ) / 3
= 0.017 t-m

= 8.479 t-m

= 8.479 t-m
83
k = 0.329
j = 0.890
Q = 12.463


d = 180 - 4 - 1
= 175.00 cm
= 12.463 x 100 x 175.0 ^2
=
1900 x 0.890 x 175.0
= 2.865 cm 2

= 0.2 -x 35.00 x 180.0
100
= -12.600 cm2

10 Nos of 12 mm Tor.

Caping Beam :
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2. = -0.350 - 1.750 = -2.100 m
84
+ 81.530 8.300
+ 81.030 0.50 m
-2.100
1.30 m
+ 79.730 zz
0.432 0.318
9.00
-0.350 m -0.350 m
X
Depth`D' at X-X ( 0.50 + -2.100 ) x 1.300

=
-0.782
= 3.992 m ;
= 389.199 cms

Rect -2.100 x 1.500 x 0.500 x 2.500 = -3.938 t
Taper -2.100 x 1.500 x 1.300 x 2.500 = -5.119 t
2

M x Tan b
d
Where , M = 9.509 t-m
d = 3.892 m
Tan b = 3.492 = -1.663
-2.100
3.892
= -4.993 t
t = ( V/ bxd)
tv = -4.99 x 1000 = -0.128 kg/cm2
100 x 389.199
85
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2.
(As Per Cl. 304.7.1.3.3., Table – 12B,)

p = 100 x 6.283 = 0.016
100.0 x 389.199
In this Case :-
for (100As/bd) = 0.016
tc = #N/A ( 0.016 - #N/A #N/A #N/A

#N/A #N/A
= #N/A
t c = #N/A kg/cm2
tv #N/A t c #N/A
Asw 0.4
Reinforcement = =
b x s 0.87 fy
Spacing - ` s ' = 4 x 0.785 x 0.870 x 415

100 x 0.400
Provide 10 mm 4 Legged Stirrups @ #N/A cm c/c. In Pier. C

or #N/A mm c/c

Ast = 0.100 x 100.0 x 180
100
= 18 = 9.000 cm2
86
1 CALCULATION OF STRESSES AT BOTTOM OF FOOTING AT 67.800 m
Length at Bottom of Footing = 12.50 m

Width at Bottom of Footing = 3.50 m
Cross sectional area at Bottom of Footing = 43.750 m2
ZLL = 3.5^2 X 12.5 / 6 = 25.53 m4
ZTT = 12.5^2 X 3.5 / 6 = 91.15 m4
(V) DESIGN OF RCC PIER AT + 68.600 m
For Both the spans laid condition :- Service and CBL Condition
Service and CBL condition :-
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

1 Dead Load 781.498 0.000 t - m 0.000

Area A = 0.750 x 3.142 x 0.750 = 0.442 m2.
4
+ 9.000 x 1.500 = 13.500 m2.

1.500
Section Modulus =
Long. ZL = 9.295 x 1.500 ^2 = 3.485 m3
87
6
Trans. ZT = 1.500 x 9.295 ^2 = 21.597 m3
6
Stresses in Pier :-
CBL Condition : -
a). Without wind = 781.498 (+/-) 144.177 (+/-) 71.875
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 56.054 (+/-) 41.365 (+/-) 3.328
= 100.748 / 11.361 t/m . 2

2

b). With wind = 781.498 (+/-) 155.157 (+/-) 115.766
13.942 3.485 21.597
= 56.054 (+/-) 44.52 (+/-) 5.36
= 105.930 / 6.178 t/m2
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2 667.000 x 1.333

2
= 889.111 t/m
Service and CBL condition :-
Vertical Loads :-
Dead Loads :-

1 Dead Load 34.064 t - m

Area = A = 13.942 m2
ZL = 3.485 m3;
88
ZT = 21.597 m3 ;
a). Without wind = 574.109 (+/-) 140.093 (+/-) 52.801

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 41.179 (+/-) 40.194 (+/-) 2.445
= 83.818 / 1.460 t/m . 2
b). With wind = 574.109 (+/-) 151.073 (+/-) 96.692

13.942 3.485 21.597
= 41.179 (+/-) 43.34 (+/-) 4.48
= 89.000 / 6.642 t/m2
( III )CALCULATION OF PIER REINFORCEMENT
Area A = 139417.86 cm2

In this case `L' = 81.530 - 68.600 = 12.930 m

= 1.500 / √12
= 0.433
Effective length = 15.516 = 36

Ratio =

= 1.750 x 12.930 = 22.628 m
Radius of Gyration
= 22.628
0.433
= 52.256
Hence the Stresse are reduced in this case by = 1.5 - L
100 r
= 1.5 - 52.256
100
89
= 0.977 < 1.000
For M25 grade the allowable stresses in Concrete :
allowable Steel Stress :Tensile stress = fs = 1900 kg/cm2.
Percentage of Reinforcement = p = 0.30% min. (Cl.306.2.2 IRC:21:2000)
Provide 12 Nos. 25 mm.tor. Area = 58.905 cm2. G

2x3=6 Nos 25 mm. Tor. in Cutwaters 2x3=6 Nos. in Straight portion-Eace face side.
Lateral ties :

2) 6 mm
The diameter of the lateral ties shall not be less than < 6.25 mm
6 mm
3) 300mm
2) 40 cm
3) 30 cm

1.500
90
1.00 1.00
+ 68.600 m 0 0
3.50
0.8
+ 67.800 m
3.500

Vertical loads :-

1 Dead Load 868.998 0.000 t - m 0.000
Moments without Wind 868.998 162.959 t - m 81.253 t - m
4 with Wind Force (horizontal force) 11.619 t - m 46.446 t - m
Moments with Wind 868.998 174.578 t - m 127.699 t - m
Area = A = = 12.50 x 3.50 = 43.75 m2
Section Moduli
Zl = 12.50 x 3.50 ^2 / 6 = 25.521 m3
Zt = 3.50 x 12.50 ^2 / 6 = 91.146 m3
a). Without Wind : = 869.00 ( +/- ) 162.96 ( +/- ) 81.25

43.75 25.52 91.15
= 19.86 ( +/- ) 6.39 ( +/- ) 0.89
= 27.140 / 12.586 t/m2
b) With Wind : = 869.00 ( +/- ) 174.58 ( +/- ) 127.70

43.75 25.52 91.15
= 19.86 ( +/- ) 6.84 ( +/- ) 1.40
2
= 28.104 / 11.621 t/m
91
Vertical loads :-
2
Moments about Footing level +67.800 m Moments

1 Dead Load 91.57 34.064 t - m 0.000
a) Without Wind : 661.609 ( +/- ) 153.898 ( +/- ) 59.691
43.750 25.521 91.146
= 15.122 ( +/- ) 6.030 ( +/- ) 0.655
2
= 21.808 / 8.437 t/m
b) With Wind : 661.609 ( +/- ) 165.517 ( +/- ) 106.137

43.750 25.521 91.146
= 15.122 ( +/- ) 6.486 ( +/- ) 1.164
2
= 22.773 / 7.472 t/m
Type of Footing = PAD

Bp 1.50 m Density Of Concrete = 25 kN/m3
Density Of Soil = 20 kN/m3
0.00 Depth Of Foundation = 2.0 m
d = 0.80 0.80 Net SBC = 250 kN/m2
B = 3.5 Gross SBC = 250 + 2 x 20
= 290 kN/m2
FC = 25 N/mm2
FY = 415 N/mm2
92
Depth @ Edge of fdn D1 0.80 m
s cbc = 8.5 N/mm2.
z sc = 6 N/mm2.
1.000 s st = 200
M= 10.98
L K = 0.318
x x J = 0.894
Wp
1.000 Q = 1.209
1 z 1 effect.depth = 742

Self Wt. Of Footing
Rectangular Portion = 25 x 12.5 x 3.5 x 0.8 = 875 kN
Weight of Soil = [(12.5 x 3.5) - (10.5 x 1.5)] x (2 - 0.8 ) x 20 = 672 kN
Weight of Footing + Soil = 875+ 672 = 1547 kN
CHECK FOR SHEAR

a) Two Way Shear
Pier Details
Length = 10500 mm
Width = 1500 mm
Foundation Details
Length = 12500 mm
Width = 3500 mm
(L-Lp)/2
= 0.80 + 0.600 x 0
1
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Punching Load
Punching Shear, P = 1172.247 x (( 12.5 x 3.5 ) - ( 11.24 x 2.24 ))
( 12.5 * 3.5 )
p = 497.64 kN
Shear Resistance Of Concrete (Vc) = V c x bc x d ( clause no. 31.6.3.1 of IS 456 )
Where , Vc = ks x tc
Ks = 0.5 + βc -----should not be greater than 1
Βc =
93
Βc =
Long Side Of Column
1500
Βc = = 0.143
10500
ks = 0.643
tc = 0.16 x √fck = 0.80 N/mm2
497640 = 23.07 mm
Depth Required =
0.8 x26960
= 15960 kN
B) One Way Shear
2 74.72
800
d
177.12
1500
3500
750
1 d 1 207.84
1000
250
800
2 218.08
10500
1000
250
750
800
12500
74.72 218.08
206.609 215.21
At Length
Depth D1 + (T-D1)*(0.5L-0.5Lp-T)
(L-Lp)/2
0.80 + 0.00 x 0.2
1
= 0.800 m
= 800 mm
Shear Force = 215.21 x 3.5 x 0.25
94
= 188.309 kN
At Width
Depth = D1
= 0.800 m = 800 mm
Shear Force = 207.84 x 12.5 x 0.25
= 649.5 kN
% Ast = 0.217
=
0.23 x 12500
= 226 mm
Effe. Depth @ Critical s/c = 750 mm Depth is O.K.
A2 = Lp x Wp = 15.75 mm2
A1 = ( 10.5 + 2 x ( 2 * 0.8 )) * ( 1.5 + 2 x ( 2 * 0.8 ))
= 64.39 mm2
sqrt(A1/A2) = 2.02 </= 2
= 13 Mpa
= 0.07 Mpa
< 13 Mpa

Pressure due to Soil & Fdn wt = ( 875 + 672 ) / ( 12.5 x 3.5 )
= 35.36
Maximum Projection of fdn = 1 m
Bending Moment = 182.716 x 1 x 1 / 2
= 91.36 kN.m
95
Ast = √(M/Qb)
= 91360000
0.121 x 1000

2
Min Ast = 1600 mm
Dia of Bar = 16 mm
Spacing = 125 mm Depth is O.K.


Area Load = 1547 / (12.5 x 3.5) = 35.36 kN/m2
Maxi. Projection of fdn = 1 m
Bending Moment = 35.36 x 1 x 1 / 2
= 17.68 kN.m
Ast = √(M/Qb)
Ast = 382.409 mm2

Ast = 870 mm2
Dia of Bar = 12 mm
Spacing = 129 mm
Area Provided = 904.32 mm2

Max. Min.
t/sq.m. t/sq.m.
Two Spans Laid
Stress in Concrete:
Service & CBL Condition
96
One Span Laid
Stress in Concrete:
Two Spans Laid
Stresses in Soil :
One Span Laid
Stresses in Soil :
97
PIER CAP
TOTAL
S NO TYPE DIA SPACING NUMBER LENGTH CALCULATION
LENGTH
mm m
1 A+B 20 - 2 x2 650 450 2.6
420
2 B 20 - 1 9660 8220 9.66
0
20
y x
3 C 10 - 4-L #N/A #N/A 5080 #N/A
y
4 D 10 - 2-L #N/A #N/A 6380 x #N/A
5 E 12 - 8 10700 - 8220 10700 - 8220 75.68
17
6 F 12 - 10 12780 9000 1760 127.8
90
PIER
7 G 25 300 mm 60 13430 13230 805.8

200
9000
y
1420
8 H 8 200 65 21040 1360.236
x
2231
9 J 8 200 65 4662 303.03

1420
10 K 8 300 135 1580 213.3

x
FOOTING
11 L 16 125 28 12620 12420 353.36
12 M 12 125 100 3620 3420 362
Top Reinforcement
13 N 12 125 28 12620 12420 353.36
14 O 12 125 100 3620 3420 362

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE IN TROUGH
0.35m 4.95 0.35m
Hanger Bars Bar Dia Spacing Length Nos
Shape
0.40 0.35 (M) - 2 Nos of 10 mm dia. No mm mm mm
SLAB
(K) - 2L - 10 mm dia @ 275 mm c/c 40mm clear
A 16 270 8200 374
(F) - 2L - 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c (C) - 10 mm dia @ 250 mm c/c cover
B 12 150 100888 55
2.30 (L) - 7 Nos of 10 mm dia. (Each face)
(C) - 10 mm dia @ 250 mm c/c
2.040
(G) - 9 Nos of 10 mm dia. (Each face) C 7700 10 250 13080 404

1.20
2.300
D 10 300 100888 28
(H) - 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c
150mm x 150mm Fillet (H) - 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c SIDE WALL
(C) - 10 mm dia @ 250 mm c/c (D) - 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c
E 25 - 100888 7
0.30
E' 9100 25 - 16296 3
0.300 0.10
(B) - 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 0.300 (A) - 16 mm dia @ 270 mm c/c
1940
Haunch Bar (J) - 9 Nos of 32 mm dia. + (E) - 7 Nos of 25 mm dia. + F 10 300 4380 337
(I) - 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c (J') - 3 Nos of 32 mm dia. (E') - 3 Nos of 25 mm dia.
G 10 - 100888 18
RCC DETAILS OF TROUGH
(E') - 3 Nos of 25 mm dia.

H 10 300 912 337
(F) - 2L - 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c (M) - 2 Nos of 10 mm dia.
+ 83.470 854 Hanger Bars 854
40mm clear I 10 300 938 337

cover
MIDDLE WALL
J 32 - 100888 9
+ 81.530
J' 32 - 15164 3
1.95 1.950 0.494
0.15l Clear Span = 13.00 0.15l
1540
(G) - 9 Nos of 10 mm dia. (Each face) K 10 275 3580 56
(F) - 2L - 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c
1.000 (C) - 10 mm dia @ 250 mm c/c 10 Nos of 25mm dia (E & E') Abutment
L 10 - 100888 14
WATER FACE WIND FACE

M 10 - 100888 4
RCC DETAILS OF SIDE WALL
RCC DETAILS OF TROUGH OF SUPER PASSAGE AT KM: 5.085

BAR BENDING SHEDULE
SPACING Total
S. NO DESIGNATION DIA mm SHAPE LENGTH OF BAR mm NO. OF BARS
mm Length
Slab
1 A 16 270 8200 374 3067
2 B 12 150 100888 55 5549
Side wall
3 C 10 7700 250 13080 405 5297
4 D 10 300 100888 27 2724
5 E 25 - 100888 3 605
6 E' 25 9100 - 9446 3 57

1940
7 F 10 300 4380 337 2952
8 G 10 - 100888 18 3632
9 H 10 300 912 336 613
10 I 10 300 1036 336 697
Middle wall
11 J 32 - 100888 9 1816
12 J' 32 9100 - 16364 3 98

1540
13 K 10 275 3580 367 2628
14 L 10 - 100888 14 2825
15 M 10 - 100888 4 807
DETAILED ESTIMATE OF SUPER PASSAGE @ KM. 5.085
S.
Description Unit No. L B D Qty
No.
Excavation for Structures – Mechanical Means Earth

work in excavation in all kinds of soils of foundation
of structures as per drawing and technical specification,
including setting out, construction of shoring and bracing,
1 removal of stumps and other deleterious matter, dressing
of sides and bottom and backfilling with approved material.
Depth upto 3 m complete with all leads and lifts etc
complete for the finished item of work as per the approved
drawings and as directed by the E.I.C
For Abutments under trough 2 9.100 2.400 2.019 88.190

Central Pier 0 14.000 4.500 2.355 0.000
Side pier 0 12.500 3.500 1.955 0.000
abutment under SLRB 2 5.900 4.700 1.575 87.350
Pier under Slrb 1 7.600 2.000 1.575 23.940
Abutments for Foot bridge 2 2.750 3.300 5.129 93.091
Pier under foot bridge 1 3.950 2.000 5.129 40.519
u/s Drop wall 0 13.340 1.800 4.309 0.000
Approach slab 2 3.500 5.000 0.450 15.750
c) For U/S Return walls 2 3.500 3.425 1.575 37.761
d) For D/S Return walls 2 3.500 3.425 1.575 37.761
Up Stream
i) Horizontal wings on trough 2 2.974 2.300 2.519 34.461
ii) Sloped wings 2 1.217 2.500 2.519 15.322
iii) Splayed wings on transistions 2 0.000 2.500 4.229 0.000
iv) horizontal wings 2 6.000 2.500 4.229 126.870
v) Returns 2 1.817 2.500 4.229 38.410
Transition floor U/S 1 6.000 10.470 0.600 37.692
Floor U/s 1 6.243 7.600 0.600 28.468
Pitching 1 5.000 13.340 0.300 20.010
Revetment 2 5.000 2.012 0.300 6.035
Profile wall 1 22.033 0.450 0.450 4.462
Down Stream
ii) Sloped wings 2 0.783 2.500 0.675 2.643
v) Returns 2 3.494 2.200 0.675 10.376
Transition apron D/S 1 9.000 10.470 0.600 56.538
Floor D/s 1 9.827 7.600 0.600 44.809
Cut off wall 1 13.340 0.450 0.450 2.701
Pitching 1 5.000 13.340 0.300 20.010
Revetment 2 5.000 2.594 0.300 7.781
Profile wall 1 19.574 0.450 0.450 3.964
Total Cum 944.922
Providing and laying insitu vibrated M-20 ( 28 days cube

compressive strength not less than 20 N / sq mm ) grade
cement concrete using 40 mm down size approved, clean,
hard, graded aggregates for sub-structure/ super-
structure works (Foundation, Head walls, wing walls
etc..) including cost of all materials, machinery, labour,
2
formwork, scaffolding, cleaning, batching, mixing, placing in
position, levelling, vibrating, finishing, curing etc., complete
with initial lead upto 50 m and all lifts.(Cement
content: 280 kg / cum with use of super plasticiser
(0.4% by wt. of cement),CA : 0.90cum, Blending
Ratio of CA--50:30:20, FA : 0.40 cum)
For Abutments under trough

Foundation 2 9.100 2.400 0.600 26.208
Body Wall 2 8.300 1.000 -1.170 -19.422
Inner face 2 8.300 -0.351 -5.827
Outer face 2 8.300 0.000 0.000
abutment under SLRB
Foundation 2 5.900 4.700 0.600 33.276
Body Wall 2 5.100 1.000 2.197 22.409
S.
No.
outer face 2 5.100 3.186 32.494
Pier under Slrb
Foundation 1 7.600 2.000 0.500 7.600
Straight portion 1 5.100 1.000 1.797 9.165
Cutwaters 2 0.196 1.797 0.706
Return walls
For U/S Return walls 2 3.500 3.425 0.300 7.19
For Body wall U/S Return 2 3.200 5.890 18.85
For D/S Return walls 2 3.500 3.425 0.300 7.19
For Body wall D/S Return 2 3.200 5.890 18.85
abutment under Foot bridge
Foundation 2 2.750 3.300 0.600 10.890
Body Wall 2 1.950 1.000 2.831 11.041
outer face 2 1.950 2.123 8.281
Pier under foot bridge
Foundation 1 3.950 2.000 0.500 3.950
Straight portion 1 1.950 1.000 2.906 5.667
Cutwaters 2 0.196 2.906 1.141
Drop on U/s
Drop Body wall U/s 0 13.340 1.125 1.800 0.000
Foundation 0 13.340 1.800 0.500 0.000
Up Stream
Foundation 2 2.974 2.300 0.500 6.840
ii) Sloped wings 2 1.217 1.100 2.581 6.908
Foundation 2 1.217 2.500 0.500 3.041
Foundation 2 0.000 2.500 0.500 0.000
Foundation 2 6.000 2.500 0.500 15.000
v) Returns 2 1.817 1.100 2.581 10.314
Foundation 2 1.817 2.500 0.500 4.541
Transition floor U/S 1 6.000 10.470 0.300 18.846
Floor b/w foot bridge and trough 1 6.243 7.600 0.300 14.234
Profile wall 1 22.033 0.450 0.450 4.462
Down Stream
Foundation 2 2.974 2.200 0.500 6.543
ii) Sloped wings 2 0.783 1.100 2.292 3.948
Foundation 2 0.783 2.500 0.500 1.958
Foundation 2 0.786 2.500 0.500 1.965
S.
No.
Foundation 2 3.494 2.200 0.500 7.686
v) Returns 2 3.494 0.950 1.899 12.605
Foundation 2 3.494 2.200 0.500 7.686
Transition apron D/S 1 9.000 10.470 0.300 28.269
Floor Foundation B/n SLRB & Trough 1 9.827 7.600 0.300 22.404
Cut off wall 1 13.340 0.450 1.425 8.554
Profile wall for stream 1 22.033 0.450 0.450 4.462
Total Cum 461.090
Providing and laying insitu vibrated M-25 ( 28 days cube
compressive strength not less than 25 N / sq mm ) grade
hard, graded aggregates for Trough Slab, Road Bridge,
Foot Bridge, Bed Blocks, Dirt wall including cost of all
materials, machinery, labour, formwork, scaffolding,
3
cleaning, batching, mixing, placing in position, levelling,
vibrating, finishing, curing etc., complete with initial lead
upto 50 m and all lifts. (Cement content: 407 kg /
cum with use of super plasticiser(0.4% by wt. of
cement), CA : 0.80cum, Blending Ratio of CA--65:35,
FA : 0.45 cum)
Trough Slab 1 100.988 7.600 0.300 230.253
Trough Side Walls 2 100.988 0.350 1.600 113.107
Trough intermediate walls 2 100.988 0.350 1.200 84.830
Haunches 6 100.988 0.015 9.089
Road Bridge
Slab 1 8.580 5.000 0.520 22.308
Solid Parapet For Bridge 2 8.580 0.200 0.600 2.059
Kerbs 2 8.580 0.425 0.225 1.641
Bed Blocks 2 5.100 0.510 0.300 1.561
Dirt walls 2 5.100 0.490 0.670 3.349
Foot Bridge
Slab 1 8.580 1.500 0.100 1.287
Solid Parapet For Bridge 2 8.580 0.225 0.850 3.282
Kerbs 0 8.580 0.425 0.225 0.000
Bed Blocks 2 1.950 0.490 0.375 0.717
Dirt walls 2 1.950 0.510 0.475 0.945
Trough
S.
No.
Bed blocks over trough abutments 2 8.300 0.510 0.300 2.540
Dirt walls 2 8.300 0.490 0.740 6.019
Total Cum 482.985
Over trough pier 0 8.300 1.000 0.300 0.000
over foot bridge piers 1 1.950 1.000 0.300 1.000
over Road bridge piers 1 5.000 1.000 0.300 2.000
Providing and laying insitu M- 25 ( 28 days cube

compressive strength not less than 25 N / sqmm ) grade
cement concrete using 20 mm down size approved,
clean, hard, graded aggregates for wearing coat including
cost of all materials, machinery, labour, formwork, cleaning,
4 batching, mixing, placing in position in alternate panels,
levelling, compacting, finishing, curing, packing joints with
asphalt mortar etc., complete with initial lead upto 50 m
and all lifts. (Cement content: 330 kg / cum with use
of super plasticiser(0.4% by wt. of cement),CA :
0.80cum, Blending Ratio of CA--65:35, FA : 0.45 cum)
Over floor 1 31.070 10.470 0.075 24.397

Total Cum 24.397
Providing and laying insitu M-30 ( 28 days cube

hard, graded aggregates for wearing coat including cost of
all materials, machinery, labour, formwork, cleaning,
batching, mixing, placing in position in alternate panels,
5 levelling, compacting, finishing, curing, packing joints with
asphalt mortar etc., complete with initial lead upto 50
m and all lifts. If water is to be brought from other
place add only lead charges @ 500 ltr / cum. to the
data (Cement content: 422 kg / cum with use of
super plasticiser (0.4% by wt. of cement), CA :
For Road Bridge 1 8.580 4.250 0.075 2.735

For foot bridge 1 8.580 1.500 0.075 0.965
For Trough 1 100.988 7.600 0.040 30.700
Total Cum 34.400
Providing and laying insitu M- 30 ( 28 days cube

compressive strength not less than 30 N /sqmm) grade
hard, graded aggregates for Approch Slab including cost of
asphalt mortar etc., complete with initial lead upto 50 m. If
water is to be brought from other place add only lead
charges @ 500 ltr / cum. to the data (Cement
content: 407 kg / cum with use of super
plasticiser(0.4% by wt. of cement), CA : 0.80cum,
Blending Ratio of CA--65:35, FA : 0.45 cum)
Approach slab 2 3.050 4.625 0.150 4.232

Total Cum 4.232
Providing and laying insitu M-35 ( 28 days cube

hard, graded aggregates for wearing coat including cost of
asphalt mortar etc., complete with initial lead upto 50
m and all lifts. If water is to be brought from other
place add only lead charges @ 500 ltr / cum. to the
data (Cement content: 422 kg / cum with use of
super plasticiser (0.4% by wt. of cement), CA :
Wearing Coat on Approach slab 2 3.500 4.625 0.075 2.43

Total Cum 2.428
S.
No.
Providing, fabricating and placing in position

reinforcement steel bars for RCC works including
cleaning, straightening, cutting, bending, hooking, lapping,
welding wherever required,tying with 1.25 mm dia soft
8 MT 45.399
annealed steel wire, including cost of all materials,
machinery, labour etc., complete with initial lead upto
50 and all lifts. Complete for the finished item of work as
per the approved drawings and as directed by the E.I.C
Providing and filling murum / gravely soil ( CNS soil ) for

foundation or above pipes including breaking clods,
spreading in layers of 10 to 15 cm, watering, compaction by
9 power roller to achieve density control of not less than 98
percent etc., complete roller to achieve density control of not
less than 98 percent etc., complete with all lead and lifts as
directed by Engineer-in-charge
2 3.500 4.625 0.225 7.28
Total Cum 859.813
Supplying fitting and fixing rubber seal (water stop) of
10 approved quality for construction joints complete job as per
specification and direction of E/I.
For Trough slab 8 8.300 66.400
For Road Bridge slab 2 5.000 10.000
Total Rmt 76.400
Supply and Fixing of PVC water stopper 310 mm wide
including cost and conveyance of all materials, labour
11
charges with all leads and lifts complete for finished item
of work as directed by E.I.C
For Road Bridge slab 2 5.000 10.000
For trough slab 8 8.300 66.400
Total Rmt 76.400
Providing and fixing 100 mm dia perforated PVC pipes
40 cm long for Weep holes including cost of all materials,
12
labour, drilling 8 mm dia holes etc. complete with all leads
and lifts.
U/s
i) Horizontal wings on trough 2 3 3 18.000
ii) Sloped wings 2 1 3 6.000
iii) Splayed wings on transistions 2 0 4 0.000
iv) horizontal wings 2 6 4 48.000
v) Returns 2 2 4 16.000
S.
No.
D/s
i) Horizontal wings on trough 2 3 3 18.000
ii) Sloped wings 2 1 1 2.000
iii) Splayed wings on transistions 2 1 1 2.000
iv) horizontal wings 2 8 1 16.000
v) Returns 2 3 1 6.000
Total Nos 132.000
Providing and Constructing 30 cm thick dry rubble stone
pitching and Side revetment including cost of all
13
materials, labour, hand packing,finishing etc., complete
( rubble stones : 0.33 cum/sqm)
bed pitching (U/s) 1 5.000 13.340 66.700
bed pitching (D/s) 1 5.000 13.340 66.700
Total Sqm 133.400
Providing 300 mm thick dry stone Revitment to sides of
14
Stream
Side revetment (U/s) 2 5.000 2.012 20.115
side revetment (D/s) 2 5.000 2.594 25.935
Total Sqm 46.050
DETAILED ESTIMATE OF SUPER PASSAGE @ KM. 5.085
S.No Input Description Nos U/S Units D/s

1 Canal Bed Width 37.500 m
2 Canal Side Slopes 1.5 : 1 / 2.0 : 1
3 CBL + 64.855 m
4 FSL + 69.005 m 83.670 +81.870
5 TBL + 69.755 m
6 Top width of banks 8.000 m / 5.000 m
7 Avg GL + 83.719 m
8 GL(U/s) + 85.429 m 599.91
9 GL(D/s) + 81.875 m
10 Sill level of Trough + 81.870 m
11 TOL 69.605 m
12 Total width on trough 100.988 m m
13 No of Vents 7
14 Clear span 13 m
15 No of Bays 3.0
16 width of Bay 2.30 m
17 Height of bay 1.20 m
18 No of Intermediate walls 2.00
19 width of End walls 0.35 m
20 Height of End walls 1.6 m
21 Width of Intermediate walls 0.35 m
22 Height of Intermediate walls 1.2 m
23 Thickness of Trough slab 0.30 m
24 Thickness of sealing coat 0.04 m
25 width of Haunches 0.300 m
26 Height of Haunches 0.100 m
27 width of Fillets 0.15 m m
28 Height of Fillets x 0.15 m m
29 Abutments for Trough
Length 2 8.30 m
Foundation Level +81.700 m
Width of Bottom Foundation 2.400 m
Height of Foundation 0.600 m
Height of abutment above Foundation -1.17 m
Top width of Abutment 1.000 m
Width of Inner Batter 0.600 m
Height of Inner Batter -1.170 m
Width of outer Batter 0 m
Height of outer Batter -0.43 m
Bed Block Depth 0.3 m
Bed Block Width 0.494 m m Berm
31 Road Bridge 1
Deck slab thickness 0.52 m 0.75
Overall length 8.58 m
Carriage width 4.250 m
Kerb width 0.225 m
Parapet wall width 0.200 m
wearing coat 0.075 m
32 Road bridge Abutments
Length 2 5.100 m
Road level +83.992 m
Height above Foundation 2.197 m
Width of outer Batter 2.90 m
Height of outer Batter 2.197 m
Bed Block Width 0.51 m
Dirt Wall width 0.49 m
Dirt Wall depth 0.67 m
33 Road Bridge Pier 1
Foundation Level + 80.300 m
Thickness of pier 1.000 m
Area of cut waters 0.785 m2
Height of pier 1.797 m
Pier foundation thickness 1.0 m
length of pier foundation 7.6 m 3.000
Length of pier above foundation 5.1 m
34 Foot Bridge 1
Deck slab thickness 0.1 m
Overall slab length 8.58 m
Carriage width 1.5 m
Parapet wall width 0.225 m
Parapet wall DEPTH 0.6 m
wearing coat 0.075 m
Overall width 1.95 m
35 Foot Bridge Abutments
Length 2 1.950 m
Road level + 84.281 m
Height above Foundation 2.83 m
Width of outer Batter 1.50 m
Height of outer Batter 2.83 m
Bed Block Width 0.49 m
Dirt Wall width 0.51 m
Dirt Wall depth 0.475 m
36 Foot Bridge Pier 1
Thickness of pier 1.000 m
Area of cut waters 0.785 m2
Height of pier 2.906 m
Pier foundation thickness 0.5 m
length of pier foundation 4.0 m
Length of pier above foundation 1.950 m 2.000
37 Drop wall (entry and exit) entry exit

Length of Drop wall 13.340 m m
Top width 0.600 m
Thickness of apron 0.750
width of Front Batter 1.05 m
Bottom Width of Drop 1.800 m
Depth of foundation 0.5 m
Height of Drop wall 1.800 m m
38 Horizontal wings on Trough level 2 U/S D/S
Top width of Wing +0.500 m 0.500
Offset of wing 0.400 m 0.400
Depth of foundation 0.500 m 0.500
Foundation level +81.200 m +81.200
Top level +83.470 m +83.470
Base width of outer Batter 1.000 m 0.900
Total Base width 2.300 m 2.200
Length of wings 2.400 m 2.400
Height of Straight portion 1.770 m 1.770
39 Sloped Wings on R.L.to trough U/s & D/s
Length 2 1.2165 m 0.783
Top level +84.281 m +83.992
Height of Straight portion 2.581 m 2.292
Top width of Wing 0.50 m 0.50
Foundation Level +81.200 m +81.200
40 Transitions
Splayed Wings
Length 2 0 m 0.786
Top level +84.281 m +83.992
Top width of Wing 0.50 m 0.50
Height above Foundation 2.581 m 2.292
41 Horizontal Wings
Length 2 6 m 8.214
Top level +84.281 m +83.599
Top width 0.5 m 0.50
Height of Stright portion 2.581 m 1.899
total base width 2.5 m 2.2
42 Return walls
Length 2 1.8165 m 3.4935
Top level +84.281 m +83.599
Top width 0.50 m 0.50
Depth of foundation 0.50 m 0.50
height 2.581 m 1.899
43 Transition floor U/S 1 6.000 10.470 0.30

44 Transition floor D/S 1 9.000 10.470 0.30
45 sealing coat 1 100.988 7.600 0.04
46 Floor U/s on Trough area 1 6.243 7.600 0.30 Foot Bridge
47 Floor D/s 1 9.827 7.600 0.30 Road Bridge
48 wearing coat 1 31.070 10.470 0.075
49 wearing coat for SLRB 1 8.580 4.250 0.075
50 wearing coat for Foot Bridge 1 8.580 1.500 0.075
51 cutoff wall (u/s) 1 13.340 0.450 0
52 cutoff wall (D/s) 1 13.340 0.450 1.425
53 Profile walls (for canal) 2 54.626 0.450 0.45
54 Profile walls for stream D/s 1 19.574 0.450 0.45
55 Profile walls (for stream)U/s 1 22.033 0.450 0.45
56 Approach slab 2 3.5 5.000 0.15
57 stream pitching(U/s) 1 5.0 13.340 0.30
58 Revetment (U/s) 2 5.0 2.012 0.30
59 Stream pitching(D/s) 1 5.0 13.340 0.30
60 Revetment (D/s) 2 5.0 2.594 0.30
61 Canal lining in Bed 2 10.0 37.500 0.10
62 Canal lining in Side slope 2 1.2 17.126 0.10
DIA SPACING LENGTH NO

44 Trough slab Reinforcement
38120.55
45 RCC Pier Reinforcement for trough(centre)

0.00
46 RCC Pier Reinforcement for trough(side)
0.00
47 Bed Block Reinforcement for Trough
A 12 - 7.60 15.00 = 202.67
B 12 225 2.19 34.00 = 132.25
Dirt wall Reinforcement for Trough
A 12 275 7.60 2.00 = 54.04
B 10 300 2.59 26.00 = 83.07
48 Bed Block Reinforcement for SLRB
A 16 - 5.10 8.00 = 128.95
B 10 225 2.22 23.00 = 63.04
49 Approach Slab Reinforcement
A 12 150 4.90 24.00 = 209.07
B 12 150 3.50 33.00 = 205.33
Dirt wall Reinforcement for SLRB
A 12 150 5.10 4.00 = 72.53
B 10 300 2.44 17.00 = 51.21
50 Road Bridge Reinforcement
= 3493.41
51 Pier Reinforcement Under Road Bridge

A 8 200 1.797 31 = 22.01
B 8 200 15.34 9 = 54.55
C 8 200 21.2 5 = 41.88
52 Foot Bridge Reinforcement

A 12 300 1.946 13 = 22.49
B 12 300 1.946 13 = 22.49
C 10 275 3.94 7 = 17.02
D 12 - 3.94 4 = 14.01
12 - 5.358 1 = 9.53
E 12 - 3.98 2 = 7.08
F 8 - 3.98 4 = 6.29
g 8 240 2.05 17 = 13.77
h 8 240 0.389 240 = 36.88
53 Bed Block Reinforcement for foot Bridge
A 12 - 1.950 10 = 34.67
B 10 300 2.48 7 = 21.43
54 Pier Reinforcement for foot bridge
A 8 200 2.906 15 = 17.22
B 8 200 9.042 15 = 53.58
C 8 200 13.1 5 = 25.88
5% Extra for laps and wastage 2161.84
Total = 45.40

Lift Canal May 5, 2021: Babu Jageevan Ram Uttarandhra Sujala Sravanthi Project Package - 1 Phase - Ii

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Project : BABU JAGEEVAN RAM UTTARANDHRA SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT

Reach : 1 Subject : CONTENTS Date : May 5, 2021

1. HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF CANAL 7

2. HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF STREAM 7

6. TAIL CHANNEL CALCULATIONS 12

8. SCOUR DEPTH CALCULATIONS 22

9. DESIGN OF TROUGH SLAB 23

10. DESIGN OF TROUGH SIDE WALL 29

11. DESIGN OF TROUGH MIDDLE WALL 38

13. DESIGN OF DECK SLAB - ROAD BRIDGE 102

14. DESIGN OF ABUTMENT - ROAD BRIDGE 111

15. DESIGN OF SLAB – FOOT BRIDGE 118

16. DESIGN OF ABUTMENT- FOOT BRIDGE 122

17. DESIGN OF WING WALLS & RETURN WALLS 125

4. GENERAL ALIGNMENT DRAWING

6. R C C DETAILS OF DECK SLRB – ROAD BRIDGE

7. R C C DETAILS OF FOOT BRIDGE

Sl. No. Description Remarks

HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF CANAL:

Sl.No. Description Units Particulars

VENT WAY & AFFLUX

Mix proposed M30 Modular ratio 9.333

TOTAL ENERGY LEVELS:

WINGS & RETURNS

Sl. Soil (t/m²)

1 Section (1-1 & 2-2 ) 7.356 5.552

2 Section (3 -3 ) 7.356 5.552

3 Section (5-5 ) 4.907 4.565

4 Section (7 – 7) 4.818 4.609

5 Section (9-9) 6.202 5.500

6 Section (10-10 & 11-11) 6.675 3.446

SINGLE LANE ROAD BRIDGE

Mix proposed M 25 Modular ratio 10.980

BED BLOCK – SLRB

APPROACH SLAB – SLRB

ABUTMENT – FOOT BRIDGE

STANDARDS AND REFERENCES:

1.0 Hydraulic Particulars Of Canal At The Location Of The Structure

Sl DESCRIPTION UNITS PARTICULARS

1 Discharge R / D cumecs 162.600 / 163.032

2.0 Stream Particulars:

I) Catchment Area = 1.136 Sq. Km

3.1 M.F.L. Calculations :-

3.1 Bed fall of Stream:

2. Bed level at Km 0.000 (Crossing) + 83.719

3. Bed level at Km 0.000 (Crossing) + 83.719

4. Bed level at Km 0.000 (Crossing) + 83.719

5. Bed level at Km 0.000 (Crossing) + 83.719

6. Bed level at Km 0.000 (Crossing) + 83.719

Average of 1-6 = ( 25.9 + 29.2 + 15.5 + 36.7+27.1+20.3 = 25.81

3.2.0 MFL of the Cross sections:

3.2.1 M.F.L at 50.0 m U/S : Assuming the MFL as + 84.920

Stream bed Average Area Cross

4. Ventway for Stream & Canal:

Max. flood discharge = 21.457 cumecs

Provide 3 bay of 2.30 x 1.20 m

Area of Flow = 8.26 sqm > 7.2 sqm HENCE OK

SBL is 14.714 m above FSL of canal